WO2009003478A2 - Contrôle thermique de générateur à double alimentation - Google Patents

Contrôle thermique de générateur à double alimentation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009003478A2
WO2009003478A2 PCT/DK2008/000246 DK2008000246W WO2009003478A2 WO 2009003478 A2 WO2009003478 A2 WO 2009003478A2 DK 2008000246 W DK2008000246 W DK 2008000246W WO 2009003478 A2 WO2009003478 A2 WO 2009003478A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
generator
wind turbine
rotor
controller
control means
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DK2008/000246
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2009003478A3 (fr
Inventor
Torben Werge MØLLER
Original Assignee
Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vestas Wind Systems A/S filed Critical Vestas Wind Systems A/S
Publication of WO2009003478A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009003478A2/fr
Publication of WO2009003478A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009003478A3/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/0272—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor by measures acting on the electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F03D7/04—Automatic control; Regulation
    • F03D7/042—Automatic control; Regulation by means of an electrical or electronic controller
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/60—Cooling or heating of wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/25—Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
    • H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive
    • H02P29/66—Controlling or determining the temperature of the rotor
    • H02P29/664—Controlling or determining the temperature of the rotor the rotor having windings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/007—Control circuits for doubly fed generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/7064—Application in combination with an electrical generator of the alternating current (A.C.) type
    • F05B2220/70644—Application in combination with an electrical generator of the alternating current (A.C.) type of the asynchronous type, i.e. induction type
    • F05B2220/70646—Double fed induction generators (DFIGs)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/84—Modelling or simulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/1016—Purpose of the control system in variable speed operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/10—Purpose of the control system
    • F05B2270/20—Purpose of the control system to optimise the performance of a machine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/303—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2270/00—Control
    • F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
    • F05B2270/303—Temperature
    • F05B2270/3032—Temperature excessive temperatures, e.g. caused by overheating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2101/00—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
    • H02P2101/15—Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a variable speed wind turbine comprising a doubly- fed induction generator with thermal monitoring.
  • a full range variable speed turbine can be achieved by connecting the stator of the generator of the wind turbine to the utility grid through an AC-AC converter (such as a back-to-back converter or a matrix converter) changing the electrical output from the generator output frequency to the nominal grid frequency.
  • AC-AC converter such as a back-to-back converter or a matrix converter
  • An advantage of such a system is that, at least in principle, the full speed range from zero RPM to the maximum speed allowed for safety reasons can be used for production of electrical power.
  • a disadvantage, on the other hand, is that the AC- AC converter must be rated to handle the full output power of the turbine.
  • Ordinary power plant generators are designed for a steady power production, and the mechanical torque applied to the drive shaft of the generator is maintained more or less constant in comparison to the torque variation applied to a wind turbine generator.
  • DFIG doubly-fed induction generator
  • the stator In a standard DFIG system, the stator is connected directly to the utility grid, normally via a transformer, while the rotor is connected to the grid via slip rings and an AC-AC converter.
  • the limitations on the speed range of the system depend on the AC- AC converter, since the amount of power through the rotor is proportional to the difference between the electrical rotor speed and the synchronous speed (stator field speed) of the generator. This difference is also known as the slip of the generator.
  • the term "electrical rotor speed” refers to the product of the mechanical rotor speed and the number of pairs of poles in the rotor.
  • direct rotor temperature monitoring is usually not performed in wind energy turbine generators and, thus, there is a risk of overheating the rotor windings of the generator.
  • the power in the rotor windings are proportional to the slip of the generator and, therefore, varies during operation of the wind turbine, which makes the variations of the temperature in the rotor difficult to predict if it is not being monitored.
  • US Patent Application no. 2003/0127862 discloses a control system for a wind power plant comprising sensor means for detection of measurement values to be used for direct or indirect quantification of the current loading and/or stress of the turbine depending on the local and meteorological conditions. Temperatures are not among the primary measurement values, but they are mentioned as possible additional measurement values. The measured values are used to control the wind power plant in a way that gives optimum economical efficiency under the current operating conditions. No protection against overheating of the rotor windings is disclosed.
  • International Patent Application WO 01/91279 discloses a variable speed wind turbine comprising a DFIG, a matrix converter converting variable frequency output into constant frequency output, a control unit and a protection circuit for the matrix converter. The system comprises a voltage gradient limiting circuit protecting the rotor windings insulation against damages from flash over voltages, but no temperature measurements and no protection against overheating of the rotor windings.
  • International Patent Application WO 2005/015012 discloses a method of controlling a wind turbine during malfunction in the electric utility grid to which the turbine is connected.
  • the method comprises monitoring of at least one physical work property of at least one component of the wind turbine and changing the pitch angle of at least one wind turbine blade in order to keep the at least one monitored physical work property below at least one predefined limit in a time period of the malfunction.
  • One of the possible work properties to be measured is the temperature of the rotor of the generator, which is measured either directly by placing sensors in rotor, or indirectly by placing sensors in the cooling medium of the generator or by measuring the infrared radiation from the rotor.
  • International Patent Application WO 2004/012327 discloses a method and an apparatus for monitoring a rotating synchronous electric machine comprising a stator and a rotor.
  • the method includes using measured values of the stator current and voltage as well as the rotor current as input for a dynamic thermal model of the generator, thus estimating the temperature in at least two positions in the electric machine by solving a system of non-linear differential equations.
  • the method and apparatus disclosed in this document relate to a synchronous generator typically used in a large power plant such as a nuclear power plant as shown in figure 1 of the document. This document does not relate to neither asynchronous generators like the DFIG of the present invention nor to wind turbine generators as such.
  • An objective of the present invention is to provide an improved method for providing a measure of the rotor temperature of the generator.
  • the present invention relates to a variable rotational speed wind turbine comprising
  • a wind turbine rotor comprising one or more blades, at least one controller, a doubly-fed induction generator coupled to the wind turbine rotor, an AC-AC converter arranged to connect the rotor of the doubly-fed induction generator to a utility grid, generator rotor temperature control means having computation means, and means for providing input to the generator rotor temperature control means, the input being representative of at least one electrical variable of the rotor windings of the generator, wherein the generator rotor temperature control means are arranged to compute at least one control output from said input and feed the at least one control output to at least one controller of the wind turbine, the at least one control output being indicative of at least one instantaneous temperature of the rotor windings of the generator, and the controller being arranged to control the power produced by the generator in response to said at least one control output.
  • Computing an estimate of the rotor temperature from one or more representations of electrical variables of the rotor windings is advantageous in that such representations can be made available by simple measurements of a number of relevant electrical variables, such as the rotor currents and voltages.
  • the at least one control output indicates an estimate of one or more temperatures, the estimate being made given the input representative of at least one electrical variable of the rotor windings.
  • This estimate of the one or more temperatures is calculated using a complex thermal model of the generator including thermal capacities and time constants of the generator, especially the rotor.
  • the power produced by the generator may be reduced by reducing the mechanical power fed from the wind turbine rotor to the generator, e.g. by changing the blade angle by means of a pitch mechanism or by changing the orientation of the rotor from being aligned with the direction of the wind.
  • the active power produced by the generator will be reduced.
  • the power produced by the generator may be reduced by allowing the rotor to accelerate.
  • the controller is arranged to use the AC-AC converter for controlling the power produced by the generator, said AC-AC converter being controlled to control the rotor currents and, thereby, the power produced by the generator.
  • the controller is arranged to control the reactive power produced by the generator.
  • the controller is arranged to achieve this by causing the reactive power reference signal, which is sent from the main controller to the AC-AC converter, to be changed.
  • the reduction of the reactive power results in lowering of the magnitude of the rotor currents and, thus, the losses causing heating of the rotor.
  • reduction of the reactive power may be used as an alternative to or as an additional measure to reducing the active power produced by the generator.
  • the at least one electrical variable of the rotor windings of the generator includes the instantaneous current through the rotor windings. It is advantageous to use a representation of the rotor current as input for the generator rotor temperature control means for at least two reasons. First, the currents of the AC-AC converter and, thereby, the rotor current are already continuously monitored as very high currents even in short time periods can be damaging or even destructive to the converter. Therefore, no extra hardware is needed to obtain an input representative of the rotor currents.
  • accumulative and power related time functions of the converter currents such as I(t) 2 t, that can easily be computed from the rotor current, are useful for the thermal model of the rotating parts of the generator, because, contrary to the switches of the AC-AC converter, the rotor windings are not first and foremost endangered by very high instantaneous currents during short time periods, but rather by the accumulative effects of relatively high currents over longer time periods. This is due to the fact that the thermal time constant for the iron used to produce the generator is in the magnitude of several minutes, maybe even close to an hour.
  • the input to the generator rotor temperature control means further comprises one or more representations of temperatures measured in or near one or more stationary parts of the generator.
  • the rotating and stationary parts of the generator are thermally connected, as well mechanically as through a common cooling medium, and, therefore, temperatures of stationary parts are useful inputs for the thermal model of the rotating parts of the generator.
  • the temperatures measured in or near one or more stationary parts of the generator include one or more temperatures measured within the stator of the generator.
  • stator temperatures as input to the generator rotor temperature control is advantageous because there is a close albeit rather complex relationship between the stator temperatures and the rotor temperatures of a generator, and because the stator temperatures are easily measured using temperature sensors, such as PTlOO sensors or other temperature dependent resistors, which are physically positioned within the stator.
  • the temperatures measured in or near one or more stationary parts of the generator further include one or more parameters of the cooling fluid of the generator, such as the flow, the input temperature and the output temperature.
  • cooling fluid parameters as input to the generator rotor temperature control is advantageous because there is a simple relation between these parameters and the amount of heat energy that is removed from the generator system by the cooling fluid, and because they are easily measured using temperature sensors, such as PTlOO sensors or other temperature dependent resistors, and flow sensors, which are physically positioned within the cooling fluid.
  • the at least one controller for the wind turbine being fed with the at least one control output from the generator rotor temperature control means comprises control means for controlling the operation of the wind turbine in response to the at least one control output so as to prevent the at least one instantaneous temperature of the rotor windings of the generator from exceeding one or more predefined limits during operation of the wind turbine.
  • Having a controller that is able to control the operation of the wind turbine in a way that prevents overheating of the rotor windings of the generator is very advantageous, since overheating of the windings does not only reduce the lifetime of the windings due to chemical decomposition of the insulating materials but can also lead to more immediate damage to or even destruction of the windings.
  • the lifetime of the insulating material depends strongly on the temperature of the material, and, roughly speaking, the lifetime is halved by a temperature raise of approximately 10° C. This is in good accordance with Arrhenius' exponential "law", which is a well proven theory suggesting that the higher the temperature, the faster a given chemical reaction will proceed. E.g., regarding electrical components, a rule of thumb says that for every 10° C the temperature is raised, the risk of failures doubles.
  • the at least one controller for the wind turbine being fed with the at least one control output from the generator rotor temperature control means comprises control means for controlling the operation of the wind turbine in response to the at least one control output so as to prevent thermal fatigue by reducing the gradients, amplitudes and frequency of the temporal variations of the at least one instantaneous temperature of the rotor windings of the generator not to exceed one or more predefined limits during operation of the wind turbine.
  • a controller of the wind turbine is able to control the operation of the wind turbine in a way that reduces the amplitude and frequencies of the temporal variations of the rotor winding temperatures, because varying temperatures result in consecutive extensions and contractions of the mechanical parts of the rotor, which can eventually lead to fatigue of the materials constituting the parts and, thereby, damage to or destruction of the rotor.
  • the lifetime of the windings is reduced because different thermal expansion coefficients of the conducting material, the insulating material and the material surrounding the windings result in decomposition due to mechanical wear of the different materials, as they slide against each other because they expand differently when the temperature changes.
  • the Coffin-Manson model which is, for instance, described in International Patent Application WO 2007/051464, further discusses some of the relations between temperature variations and lifetime of a material.
  • the at least one controller for the wind turbine being fed with the at least one control output from the generator rotor temperature control means comprises control means for controlling the AC-AC converter controller in response to the at least one control output so as to prevent overheating and thermal fatigue of one or more parts of the rotor of the generator during operation of the wind turbine.
  • the AC-AC converter controller for preventing overheating and thermal fatigue of the rotor windings is advantageous, because the AC-AC converter controller is responsible for controlling the currents and voltages of the AC- AC converter and, thus, also of the rotor of the generator.
  • the at least one controller for the wind turbine being fed with the at least one control output from the generator rotor temperature control means comprises control means for controlling the AC-AC converter controller in response to the at least one control output so as to change one or more control signals sent to the AC- AC converter, such as the reference value for maximum rotor currents, thus reducing the currents and, possibly, also the voltages of the rotor windings.
  • a preferred way of controlling the currents and, thus, the temperatures of the rotor windings is to change relevant reference values and other control signals sent to the AC-AC converter in a way that will make the AC- AC converter reduce the currents and, if relevant, also the voltages of the rotor windings.
  • the at least one controller for the wind turbine being fed with the at least one control output from the generator rotor temperature control means comprises computation means for computing an estimate of the maximum amount of reactive power that can be delivered by the wind turbine within one or more predefined time periods without causing the at least one instantaneous temperature or the temporal variations of the at least one instantaneous temperature of the generator rotor windings to exceed one or more predefined limits during operation of the wind turbine during the one or more predefined time periods.
  • fig. 1 illustrates a large modern wind turbine as seen from the front
  • fig. 2 illustrates a cross section of a simplified nacelle showing the drive train as seen from the side
  • fig. 3 illustrates the principle schematics of a standard doubly-fed induction generator
  • fig. 4a illustrates the overall schematics of a simple thermal model of the rotor of a generator
  • fig. 4b illustrates the overall schematics of a more complex thermal model of the rotor of a generator
  • fig. 5 illustrates the simplified schematics of a wind turbine controller circuit including rotor control means and pitch angle control means according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a modern wind turbine 1, comprising a tower 2 and a wind turbine nacelle 3 positioned on top of the tower 2.
  • the wind turbine rotor 4 comprising three wind turbine blades 5 is connected to the nacelle 3 through the low speed shaft (not shown) which extends from the front of the nacelle 3.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a simplified cross section of a wind turbine nacelle 3, as seen from the side.
  • the drive train 6 in the nacelle 3 comprises a gear 7, a breaking system 8, a generator 9 and an AC- AC converter 10.
  • Fig. 4a shows the overall schematics of a simple thermal model 16 of the rotor 12 of a generator 9, where the estimated rotor temperature 17 is calculated from the measured rotor currents 18 and the time 19 alone.
  • the overall schematics of a more complex thermal model 16 of a rotor 12 are illustrated in fig. 4b.
  • the estimated rotor temperature 17 is not only calculated from rotor currents 18 and time 19 but also from stator currents 20 and measured temperatures 21 from the surroundings, the stator 11 and the cooling fluid of the generator 9.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the simplified schematics of an embodiment of the invention.
  • the values of rotor currents 18 are measured within the AC-AC converter 10 and fed to the generator rotor temperature control means 22 wherein a thermal model 16 of the rotor 12 of the generator 9 is implemented.
  • the generator rotor temperature control means 22 calculates at least one control output 23 which is fed to the main controller 24 of the wind turbine 1, which acts according to the control output 23 from the generator rotor temperature control means 22.
  • the main controller 24 can act if the control output 23 indicates that the rotor temperature 17 is about to get too high.
  • the one possibility is that the main controller 24 causes the active power production of the wind turbine 1 to be reduced by adjusting the pitch angle 25 of one or more wind turbine blades 5 through changing the pitch reference signal 26, which is sent to the pitch regulator 27, and by changing the active power reference 28 to the AC-AC converter controller 29 controlling the AC- AC converter 10.
  • main controller 24 causes the reactive power production to be decreased by changing the reactive power reference signal 28, which is sent from the main controller 24 to the AC-AC converter controller 29.
  • the AC- AC converter 10, the AC- AC converter controller 29 and the stator 11 of the generator 9 are all connected to the grid 15.
  • Generator rotor temperature control means

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte à une turbine éolienne à vitesse variable qui comprend : un rotor de turbine éolienne comprenant une ou plusieurs pales, au moins un contrôleur, un générateur à induction à double alimentation, un convertisseur CA-CA, des moyens de contrôle de la température du rotor du générateur comprenant des moyens de calcul, et des moyens pour envoyer une entrée vers les moyens de contrôle de la température du rotor du générateur, l'entrée étant représentative d'au moins une variable électrique des enroulements du rotor du générateur. Dans l'invention, les moyens de contrôle de la température du rotor du générateur sont configurés de façon à calculer au moins une sortie de contrôle à partir de ladite entrée et à envoyer la ou les sorties de contrôle vers au moins un contrôleur de la turbine éolienne, la ou les sorties de contrôle indiquant au moins une température instantanée des enroulements du rotor du générateur, et le contrôleur étant configuré de façon à contrôler la puissance produite par le générateur en réponse à ladite ou lesdites sorties de contrôle.
PCT/DK2008/000246 2007-06-29 2008-06-30 Contrôle thermique de générateur à double alimentation WO2009003478A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA200700954 2007-06-29
DKPA200700954 2007-06-29
US94860807P 2007-07-09 2007-07-09
US60/948,608 2007-07-09

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009003478A2 true WO2009003478A2 (fr) 2009-01-08
WO2009003478A3 WO2009003478A3 (fr) 2009-06-25

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PCT/DK2008/000246 WO2009003478A2 (fr) 2007-06-29 2008-06-30 Contrôle thermique de générateur à double alimentation

Country Status (1)

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WO (1) WO2009003478A2 (fr)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2299346A1 (fr) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-23 General Electric Company Systèmes, procédés et appareil de surveillance et de contrôle d'une machine à éolienne
CN102072778A (zh) * 2009-10-28 2011-05-25 通用电气公司 用于确定机器中的永磁体温度的系统及方法
EP2578874A1 (fr) * 2010-05-28 2013-04-10 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Dispositif et procédé de surveillance/de commande et parc éolien pourvu desdits dispositif et procédé
EP2599215A2 (fr) * 2010-07-28 2013-06-05 Continental Automotive GmbH Procédé et dispositif de régulation de machines synchrones à excitation externe
WO2013117500A2 (fr) 2012-02-10 2013-08-15 Renault S.A.S. Systeme et procede de commande de l'alimentation d'une machine electrique en fonction de la temperature
KR101304917B1 (ko) * 2011-08-09 2013-09-05 삼성중공업 주식회사 풍력 발전기의 운전 제어 시스템 및 운전 제어 방법
US8569904B2 (en) 2009-10-06 2013-10-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Method for controlling a wind turbine at high thermal loads
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WO2014114295A1 (fr) * 2013-01-25 2014-07-31 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Commande de turbines éoliennes
EP2604854A3 (fr) * 2011-12-12 2015-02-25 Acciona Windpower S.a. Méthode de contrôle d'une éolienne
CN104779857A (zh) * 2015-04-13 2015-07-15 安徽理工大学 一种基于矩阵变换器的双馈风力发电机控制系统
EP2700815B1 (fr) 2012-08-24 2016-04-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fonctionnement d'une turbine éolienne avec plusieurs capteurs de température
ITUB20159643A1 (it) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-17 A S En Ansaldo Sviluppo Energia S R L Gruppo macchina elettrica e dispositivo di rilevamento del gruppo macchina elettrica
EP2609326B1 (fr) 2010-08-23 2017-06-21 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Procédé de fonctionnement d'une éolienne et éolienne
EP3512063A1 (fr) * 2018-01-03 2019-07-17 General Electric Company Réglage de puissance réactive étendue pour parcs d'éoliennes
CN111396250A (zh) * 2020-03-31 2020-07-10 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 风力发电机组的功率控制系统、方法及装置
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CN102022266A (zh) * 2009-09-18 2011-04-20 通用电气公司 用于监测和控制风力驱动机的系统、方法和设备
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EP2299346A1 (fr) * 2009-09-18 2011-03-23 General Electric Company Systèmes, procédés et appareil de surveillance et de contrôle d'une machine à éolienne
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CN102072778A (zh) * 2009-10-28 2011-05-25 通用电气公司 用于确定机器中的永磁体温度的系统及方法
US8421255B2 (en) 2009-10-28 2013-04-16 General Electric Company System and method for determining the temperature of a permanent magnet in a machine
EP2317291A3 (fr) * 2009-10-28 2015-08-19 General Electric Company Système et procédé permettant de déterminer la température d'un aimant permanent dans une machine
EP2578874A4 (fr) * 2010-05-28 2014-01-08 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Dispositif et procédé de surveillance/de commande et parc éolien pourvu desdits dispositif et procédé
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EP2599215B1 (fr) * 2010-07-28 2021-05-19 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Procédé et dispositif de régulation de machines synchrones à excitation externe
EP2599215A2 (fr) * 2010-07-28 2013-06-05 Continental Automotive GmbH Procédé et dispositif de régulation de machines synchrones à excitation externe
EP2609326B1 (fr) 2010-08-23 2017-06-21 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Procédé de fonctionnement d'une éolienne et éolienne
KR101304917B1 (ko) * 2011-08-09 2013-09-05 삼성중공업 주식회사 풍력 발전기의 운전 제어 시스템 및 운전 제어 방법
EP2604854A3 (fr) * 2011-12-12 2015-02-25 Acciona Windpower S.a. Méthode de contrôle d'une éolienne
WO2013117500A2 (fr) 2012-02-10 2013-08-15 Renault S.A.S. Systeme et procede de commande de l'alimentation d'une machine electrique en fonction de la temperature
EP2700815B1 (fr) 2012-08-24 2016-04-20 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Fonctionnement d'une turbine éolienne avec plusieurs capteurs de température
CN104937263A (zh) * 2013-01-25 2015-09-23 维斯塔斯风力系统有限公司 风轮机的控制
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WO2014114295A1 (fr) * 2013-01-25 2014-07-31 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Commande de turbines éoliennes
US20150322926A1 (en) * 2013-01-25 2015-11-12 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Control of wind turbines
CN104779857A (zh) * 2015-04-13 2015-07-15 安徽理工大学 一种基于矩阵变换器的双馈风力发电机控制系统
CN106992635B (zh) * 2015-12-17 2020-11-17 安萨尔多能源公司 电机组件以及电机组件的检测装置
CN106992635A (zh) * 2015-12-17 2017-07-28 安萨尔多能源公司 电机组件以及电机组件的检测装置
EP3182564A1 (fr) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-21 A.S.EN. Ansaldo Sviluppo Energia S.r.l. Ensemble de machine électrique et dispositif de détection de l'ensemble de machine électrique
ITUB20159643A1 (it) * 2015-12-17 2017-06-17 A S En Ansaldo Sviluppo Energia S R L Gruppo macchina elettrica e dispositivo di rilevamento del gruppo macchina elettrica
EP3512063A1 (fr) * 2018-01-03 2019-07-17 General Electric Company Réglage de puissance réactive étendue pour parcs d'éoliennes
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CN111396250B (zh) * 2020-03-31 2022-07-08 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 风力发电机组的功率控制系统、方法及装置
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