WO2009000393A2 - Method for the removal of carbon dioxide - Google Patents

Method for the removal of carbon dioxide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009000393A2
WO2009000393A2 PCT/EP2008/004505 EP2008004505W WO2009000393A2 WO 2009000393 A2 WO2009000393 A2 WO 2009000393A2 EP 2008004505 W EP2008004505 W EP 2008004505W WO 2009000393 A2 WO2009000393 A2 WO 2009000393A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
containing fraction
liquefied
fraction
liquefaction
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/004505
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2009000393A3 (en
Inventor
Heinz Bauer
Original Assignee
Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Linde Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to RU2010102252/06A priority Critical patent/RU2482407C2/en
Priority to US12/666,664 priority patent/US20100212354A1/en
Priority to AU2008267511A priority patent/AU2008267511A1/en
Priority to CN200880021862A priority patent/CN101874187A/en
Priority to MX2009013404A priority patent/MX2009013404A/en
Priority to MYPI20095486A priority patent/MY177037A/en
Publication of WO2009000393A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009000393A2/en
Priority to NO20100108A priority patent/NO20100108L/en
Publication of WO2009000393A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009000393A3/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0238—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 2 carbon atoms or more
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0032—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration"
    • F25J1/0045—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using the feed stream itself or separated fractions from it, i.e. "internal refrigeration" by vaporising a liquid return stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/0052—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by vaporising a liquid refrigerant stream
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/006—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the refrigerant fluid used
    • F25J1/0095—Oxides of carbon, e.g. CO2
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0244—Operation; Control and regulation; Instrumentation
    • F25J1/0245—Different modes, i.e. 'runs', of operation; Process control
    • F25J1/0249—Controlling refrigerant inventory, i.e. composition or quantity
    • F25J1/025—Details related to the refrigerant production or treatment, e.g. make-up supply from feed gas itself
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0275—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines adapted for special use of the liquefaction unit, e.g. portable or transportable devices
    • F25J1/0277—Offshore use, e.g. during shipping
    • F25J1/0278—Unit being stationary, e.g. on floating barge or fixed platform
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
    • F25J3/0209—Natural gas or substitute natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
    • F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2220/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for the removal of impurities
    • F25J2220/60—Separating impurities from natural gas, e.g. mercury, cyclic hydrocarbons
    • F25J2220/66—Separating acid gases, e.g. CO2, SO2, H2S or RSH
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
    • F25J2260/80—Integration in an installation using carbon dioxide, e.g. for EOR, sequestration, refrigeration etc.

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an arrangement for disposing of one or more carbon dioxide-containing fractions which occur at one or more points of a fractionation and / or liquefaction process, such as, for example, a natural gas liquefaction process.
  • carbon dioxide sources are, for example, the originating from the sour gas removal or amine scrubbing residual gas and the exhaust gas streams of gas turbines and steam generators.
  • carbon dioxide sources are, for example, the originating from the sour gas removal or amine scrubbing residual gas and the exhaust gas streams of gas turbines and steam generators.
  • the abovementioned carbon dioxide-containing fractions have hitherto been discharged to the atmosphere essentially untreated. The reason for this can be seen in the fact that limits are set by the TA Heil for hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds, but not for carbon dioxide; its issue is therefore still permitted today without restriction. In view of the current discussions concerning the problem of carbon dioxide, such an approach can no longer be regarded as up-to-date.
  • carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant.
  • pure carbon dioxide refrigerant circuits are suitable for precooling the natural gas to be liquefied;
  • Such a natural gas liquefaction process is disclosed, for example, in US 6,722,157.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide a generic method and a generic arrangement for disposal of one or more, carbon dioxide-containing fractions, which avoid the disadvantages described above.
  • a method for disposal of one or more carbon dioxide-containing fractions is proposed, which is characterized in that the carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) of a cleaning and / or liquefaction is subjected and then sequestrated or become ,
  • the arrangement according to the invention for disposing of one or more carbon dioxide-containing fractions is characterized by at least one cleaning and / or at least one liquefaction unit to which the carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) is supplied and by means for supplying the purified and or liquefied, carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) to a sequestration.
  • At least a partial flow of the liquefied carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) is used as refrigerant within the fractionation and / or liquefaction process,
  • the liquefied carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) is pumped before its sequestering to a pressure of at least 100 bar and / or
  • the carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) having a carbon dioxide content of at least 90% by volume.
  • the black boxes A, A 'and A “shown in the figure represent a plurality of" carbon dioxide sources ", such as one or more amine washes (A), one or more gas turbines (A 1 ) and one or more steam generators (A "), as they are usually provided in the context of fractionation and / or liquefaction processes.
  • carbon dioxide sources such as one or more amine washes (A), one or more gas turbines (A 1 ) and one or more steam generators (A "), as they are usually provided in the context of fractionation and / or liquefaction processes.
  • This cleaning unit B is preferably as absorptive, adsorptive and / or permeative working
  • the cleaning unit B comprises - if this is necessary in individual cases - a drying unit for the fed, carbon dioxide-containing fraction.
  • the carbon dioxide-containing fraction withdrawn from the purification unit B via line 5 preferably has a carbon dioxide content of more than 90% by volume.
  • This fraction is now compressed to the extent that in the downstream liquefaction unit C, a liquefaction of the carbon dioxide-containing fraction against a suitable medium, such as cooling water, air or other suitable fluid, can take place.
  • a suitable medium such as cooling water, air or other suitable fluid
  • the liquefied carbon dioxide-containing fraction can now be used according to the invention wholly or at least partially as a refrigerant, for example for precooling in the context of a natural gas liquefaction process or for cooling in the separation of lighter hydrocarbons, such as C 2+ or C 3+ hydrocarbons, from natural gas.
  • This (pre) cooling is represented by the black box D to which the carbon dioxide-containing fraction is fed via line 6.
  • the carbon dioxide-containing fraction used as the refrigerant (black box D) and "spent" is again fed via line 7 to the liquefaction unit C and, if appropriate, reliquefied therein.
  • the portion of the liquefied, carbon dioxide-containing fraction to be subjected to sequestration is pumped by means of a single-stage or multi-stage pumping unit 9 to the desired sequestering pressure. This is preferably above 100 bar.
  • a single-stage or multi-stage pumping unit 9 the supply of carbon dioxide-containing fraction to a suitable sequestration E, such as. An underground deposit or cavern.
  • inventive method and the inventive arrangement for disposing of one or more carbon dioxide-containing fractions is particularly suitable for floating natural gas production plants, as these are preferred due to the safety risks associated with certain hydrocarbon mixtures carbon dioxide as a refrigerant for precooling.
  • the invention is always used when, on the one hand within the
  • Fractionation and / or liquefaction process incurred a plurality of carbon dioxide-containing fractions and on the other hand, liquid carbon dioxide or a liquefied carbon dioxide-containing fraction as a refrigerant is desired or required.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for the removal of one or more fractions containing carbon-dioxide, said fractions accumulating on one or more sites of a fractionating and/or a liquefying process, for example, a natural gas liquefying process. According to the invention, the fraction(s) containing the carbon dioxide is/are purified (B) and/or liquefied (C) and subsequently sequestered (D). As a result, preferably, at least one partial flow (6) of the fraction(s) containing the liquefied carbon-dioxide is used at a coolant (D) within the fractionating and/or liquefying process.

Description

Beschreibung description
Verfahren zur Entsorgung von KohlendioxidProcess for the disposal of carbon dioxide
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren sowie eine Anordnung zur Entsorgung einer oder mehrerer, Kohlendioxid-enthaltender Fraktionen, die an einer oder mehreren Stellen eines Fraktionierungs- und/oder Verflüssigungsprozesses, wie bspw. eines Erdgasverflüssigungsprozesses, anfallen.The invention relates to a method and an arrangement for disposing of one or more carbon dioxide-containing fractions which occur at one or more points of a fractionation and / or liquefaction process, such as, for example, a natural gas liquefaction process.
Im Rahmen von Fraktionierungs- und/oder Verflüssigungsprozessen, wie bspw. Erdgasfraktionierungs- und/oder -Verflüssigungsprozesse, fällt bzw. fallen im Regelfall eine oder mehrere, Kohlendioxid-enthaltende Fraktionen an. Derartige "Kohlendioxid- Quellen" sind bspw. das aus der Sauergasentfernung bzw. Aminwäsche stammende Restgas sowie die Abgasströme von Gasturbinen und Dampferzeugern. Die vorgenannten Kohlendioxid-enthaltenden Fraktionen werden bisher im Wesentlichen unbehandelt an die Atmosphäre abgegeben. Der Grund hierfür ist darin zu sehen, dass durch die TA Luft zwar Grenzwerte für Kohlenwasserstoffe und Schwefelverbindungen vorgegeben sind, nicht jedoch für Kohlendioxid; dessen Emission ist daher heute noch uneingeschränkt erlaubt. Im Hinblick auf die gegenwärtigen Diskussionen bzgl. der Kohlendioxid-Problematik kann eine derartige Vorgehensweise als nicht mehr zeitgemäß angesehen werden.In the context of fractionation and / or liquefaction processes, such as, for example, natural gas fractionation and / or liquefaction processes, one or more carbon dioxide-containing fractions usually fall or fall. Such "carbon dioxide sources" are, for example, the originating from the sour gas removal or amine scrubbing residual gas and the exhaust gas streams of gas turbines and steam generators. The abovementioned carbon dioxide-containing fractions have hitherto been discharged to the atmosphere essentially untreated. The reason for this can be seen in the fact that limits are set by the TA Luft for hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds, but not for carbon dioxide; its issue is therefore still permitted today without restriction. In view of the current discussions concerning the problem of carbon dioxide, such an approach can no longer be regarded as up-to-date.
Bei einer Vielzahl von Verflüssigungs- und/oder Fraktionierungsprozessen wird Kohlendioxid als Kältemittel herangezogen. Insbesondere bei Erdgasverflüssigungsprozessen eignen sich Rein-Kohlendioxid-Kältemittelkreisläufe zur Vorkühlung des zu verflüssigenden Erdgases; ein derartiges Erdgasverflüssigungsverfahren ist beispielsweise in der US 6,722,157 offenbart. Der Bereitstellung und insbesondere der Entsorgung des für diese (Vorkühl)Kältekreisläufe erforderlichen Kohlendioxids wird bisher jedoch kein ausreichendes Augenmerk geschenkt.In a large number of liquefaction and / or fractionation processes, carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant. Especially in natural gas liquefaction processes, pure carbon dioxide refrigerant circuits are suitable for precooling the natural gas to be liquefied; Such a natural gas liquefaction process is disclosed, for example, in US 6,722,157. The provision and in particular the disposal of the carbon dioxide required for these (precooling) refrigeration cycles, however, has so far received insufficient attention.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren sowie eine gattungsgemäße Anordnung zur Entsorgung einer oder mehrerer, Kohlendioxidenthaltender Fraktionen anzugeben, die die vorbeschriebenen Nachteile vermeiden. Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe wird ein Verfahren zur Entsorgung einer oder mehrerer, Kohlendioxid-enthaltender Fraktionen vorgeschlagen, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die Kohlendioxid-enthaltende(n) Fraktion(en) einer Reinigung und/oder Verflüssigung unterworfen und anschließend sequestriert wird bzw. werden.Object of the present invention is to provide a generic method and a generic arrangement for disposal of one or more, carbon dioxide-containing fractions, which avoid the disadvantages described above. To solve this problem, a method for disposal of one or more carbon dioxide-containing fractions is proposed, which is characterized in that the carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) of a cleaning and / or liquefaction is subjected and then sequestrated or become ,
Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zur Entsorgung einer oder mehrerer, Kohlendioxidenthaltender Fraktionen ist gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens eine Reinigungs- und/oder wenigstens eine Verflüssigungseinheit, der die Kohlendioxid-enthaltende(n) Fraktion(en) zugeführt wird bzw. werden sowie durch Mittel zum Zuführen der gereinigten und/oder verflüssigten, Kohlendioxid-enthaltenden Fraktion(en) zu einer Sequestrierung.The arrangement according to the invention for disposing of one or more carbon dioxide-containing fractions is characterized by at least one cleaning and / or at least one liquefaction unit to which the carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) is supplied and by means for supplying the purified and or liquefied, carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) to a sequestration.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sowie der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung zur Entsorgung einer oder mehrerer, Kohlendioxid- enthaltender Fraktionen, die Gegenstände der abhängigen Patentansprüche darstellen, sind dadurch gekennzeichnet, dassFurther advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention and of the arrangement according to the invention for disposing of one or more carbon dioxide-containing fractions, which constitute subject-matter of the dependent claims, are characterized in that
zumindest ein Teilstrom der verflüssigten Kohlendioxid-enthaltende(n) Fraktion(en) als Kältemittel innerhalb des Fraktionierungs- und/oder Verflüssigungsprozesses verwendet wird,at least a partial flow of the liquefied carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) is used as refrigerant within the fractionation and / or liquefaction process,
die verflüssigten Kohlendioxid-enthaltende(n) Fraktion(en) vor ihrer Sequestrierung auf einen Druck von wenigstens 100 bar gepumpt wird bzw. werden undthe liquefied carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) is pumped before its sequestering to a pressure of at least 100 bar and / or
die Kohlendioxid-enthaltende(n) Fraktion(en) einen Kohlendioxid-Gehalt von wenigstens 90 Vol.-% aufweist bzw. aufweisen.the carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) having a carbon dioxide content of at least 90% by volume.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zur Entsorgung einer oder mehrerer, Kohlendioxid-enthaltender FraktionenThe inventive method and the inventive arrangement for disposal of one or more, carbon dioxide-containing fractions
Expansionsturbine, sowie weitere Ausgestaltungen des- bzw. derselben seien nachfolgend anhand des in der Figur dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. Die in der Figur dargestellten Black-Boxes A, A' und A" stehen für mehrere "Kohlendioxid-Quellen", wie bspw. eine oder mehrere Aminwäschen (A), eine oder mehrere Gasturbinen (A1) sowie einen oder mehrere Dampferzeuger (A"), wie sie im Regelfall im Rahmen von Fraktionierungs- und/oder Verflüssigungsprozessen vorgesehen sind.Expansion turbine, as well as further embodiments of the same or are explained in more detail below with reference to the embodiment shown in the figure. The black boxes A, A 'and A "shown in the figure represent a plurality of" carbon dioxide sources ", such as one or more amine washes (A), one or more gas turbines (A 1 ) and one or more steam generators (A "), as they are usually provided in the context of fractionation and / or liquefaction processes.
Das in diesen "Kohlendioxid-Quellen" anfallende Kohlendioxid-enthaltende Gas- bzw. Abgas wird für die Leitungen 1 , 2 und 3 abgezogen, zusammengeführt und über eine gemeinsame Leitung 4 einer Reinigungseinheit B zugeführt. Diese Reinigungseinheit B ist vorzugsweise als absorptiv, adsorptiv und/oder permeativ arbeitendeThe resulting in these "carbon dioxide sources" carbon dioxide-containing gas or exhaust gas is withdrawn for lines 1, 2 and 3, brought together and fed via a common line 4 a cleaning unit B. This cleaning unit B is preferably as absorptive, adsorptive and / or permeative working
Reinigungseinheit ausgebildet. Die Reinigungseinheit B umfasst - sofern dies im Einzelfall erforderlich ist - eine Trocknungseinheit für die zugeführte, Kohlendioxidenthaltende Fraktion. Die aus der Reinigungseinheit B über Leitung 5 abgezogene Kohlendioxid-enthaltende Fraktion weist vorzugsweise einen Kohlendioxid-Gehalt von mehr als 90 Vol.-% auf.Cleaning unit formed. The cleaning unit B comprises - if this is necessary in individual cases - a drying unit for the fed, carbon dioxide-containing fraction. The carbon dioxide-containing fraction withdrawn from the purification unit B via line 5 preferably has a carbon dioxide content of more than 90% by volume.
Diese Fraktion wird nunmehr soweit verdichtet, dass in der nachgeschalteten Verflüssigungseinheit C eine Verflüssigung der Kohlendioxid-enthaltenden Fraktion gegen ein geeignetes Medium, wie beispielsweise Kühlwasser, Luft oder ein anderes geeignetes Fluid, erfolgen kann.This fraction is now compressed to the extent that in the downstream liquefaction unit C, a liquefaction of the carbon dioxide-containing fraction against a suitable medium, such as cooling water, air or other suitable fluid, can take place.
Die verflüssigte Kohlendioxid-enthaltende Fraktion kann nunmehr erfindungsgemäß zur Gänze oder wenigstens teilweise als Kältemittel, beispielsweise zur Vorkühlung im Rahmen eines Erdgasverflüssigungsprozesses oder zur Kühlung bei der Abtrennung leichterer Kohlenwasserstoffe, wie C2+- oder C3+-Kohlenwasserstoffe, aus Erdgas herangezogen werden. Diese (Vor)Kühlung sei durch die Black-Box D, der die Kohlendioxid-enthaltende Fraktion über Leitung 6 zugeführt wird, dargestellt.The liquefied carbon dioxide-containing fraction can now be used according to the invention wholly or at least partially as a refrigerant, for example for precooling in the context of a natural gas liquefaction process or for cooling in the separation of lighter hydrocarbons, such as C 2+ or C 3+ hydrocarbons, from natural gas. This (pre) cooling is represented by the black box D to which the carbon dioxide-containing fraction is fed via line 6.
Die als Kältemittel (Black-Box D) verwendete und "verbrauchte" Kohlendioxid- enthaltende Fraktion wird über Leitung 7 wiederum der Verflüssigungseinheit C zugeführt und in dieser ggf. rückverflüssigt.The carbon dioxide-containing fraction used as the refrigerant (black box D) and "spent" is again fed via line 7 to the liquefaction unit C and, if appropriate, reliquefied therein.
Derjenige Anteil der verflüssigten, Kohlenendioxid-enthaltenden Fraktion, der einer Sequestrierung zugeführt werden soll, wird mittels einer ein- oder mehrstufigen Pumpeinheit 9 auf den gewünschten Sequestrierungsdruck gepumpt. Dieser liegt vorzugsweise oberhalb 100 bar. Über Leitung 8 erfolgt die Zuführung der Kohlendioxidenthaltenden Fraktion zu einer geeigneten Sequestrierung E, wie bspw. einer unterirdische Lagerstätte bzw. Kaverne.The portion of the liquefied, carbon dioxide-containing fraction to be subjected to sequestration is pumped by means of a single-stage or multi-stage pumping unit 9 to the desired sequestering pressure. This is preferably above 100 bar. Via line 8, the supply of carbon dioxide-containing fraction to a suitable sequestration E, such as. An underground deposit or cavern.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren sowie die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zur Entsorgung einer oder mehrerer, Kohlendioxid-enthaltender Fraktionen eignet sich insbesondere auf schwimmenden Erdgas-Produktionsanlagen, da bei diesen aufgrund der mit bestimmten Kohlenwasserstoffgemischen verbundenen Sicherheitsrisiken Kohlendioxid als Kältemittel für die Vorkühlung bevorzugt wird. In vorteilhafter Weise kommt die Erfindung immer dann zur Anwendung, wenn zum einen innerhalb desThe inventive method and the inventive arrangement for disposing of one or more carbon dioxide-containing fractions is particularly suitable for floating natural gas production plants, as these are preferred due to the safety risks associated with certain hydrocarbon mixtures carbon dioxide as a refrigerant for precooling. Advantageously, the invention is always used when, on the one hand within the
Fraktionierungs- und/oder Verflüssigungsprozesses mehrere Kohlendioxid-enthaltende Fraktionen anfallen und zum anderen flüssiges Kohlendioxid bzw. eine verflüssigte Kohlendioxid-enthaltende Fraktion als Kältemittel gewünscht bzw. erforderlich ist. Fractionation and / or liquefaction process incurred a plurality of carbon dioxide-containing fractions and on the other hand, liquid carbon dioxide or a liquefied carbon dioxide-containing fraction as a refrigerant is desired or required.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
Verfahren zur Entsorgung einer oder mehrerer, Kohlendioxid-enthaltender Fraktionen, die an einer oder mehreren Stellen eines Fraktionierungs- und/oder Verflüssigungsprozesses, wie bspw. eines Erdgasverflüssigungsprozesses, anfallen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kohlendioxid-enthaltende(n) Fraktion(en) einer Reinigung (B) und/oder Verflüssigung (C) unterworfen und anschließend sequestriert (D) wird bzw. werden.A method of disposing of one or more carbon dioxide-containing fractions incurred at one or more locations of a fractionation and / or liquefaction process, such as a natural gas liquefaction process, characterized in that the carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) of a carbon dioxide-containing fraction Purification (B) and / or liquefaction (C) subjected and then sequestered (D) is or become.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest ein Teilstrom (6) der verflüssigten Kohlendioxid-enthaltende(n) Fraktion(en) als Kältemittel (D) innerhalb des Fraktionierungs- und/oder Verflüssigungsprozesses verwendet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a partial stream (6) of the liquefied carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) as refrigerant (D) is used within the fractionation and / or liquefaction process.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die verflüssigten Kohlendioxid-enthaltende(n) Fraktion(en) vor ihrer Sequestrierung (D) auf einen Druck von wenigstens 100 bar gepumpt wird bzw. werden (9).3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the liquefied carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) before their sequestering (D) is pumped to a pressure of at least 100 bar or become (9).
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kohlendioxid-enthaltende(n) Fraktion(en) einen4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the carbon dioxide-containing (s) fraction (s) a
Kohlendioxid-Gehalt von wenigstens 90 Vol.-% aufweist bzw. aufweisen.Have carbon dioxide content of at least 90 vol .-% or have.
5. Anordnung zur Entsorgung einer oder mehrerer, Kohlendioxid-enthaltender Fraktionen, die an einer oder mehreren Stellen eines Fraktionierungs- und/oder5. Arrangement for disposal of one or more, carbon dioxide-containing fractions, at one or more locations of a fractionation and / or
Verflüssigungsprozesses, wie bspw. eines Erdgasverflüssigungsprozesses, anfallen, gekennzeichnet durch wenigstens eine Reinigungs- (B) und/oder wenigstens eine Verflüssigungseinheit (C), der die Kohlendioxid-enthaltende(n) Fraktion(en) zugeführt wird bzw. werden sowie durch Mittel zum Zuführen der gereinigten und/oder verflüssigten, Kohlendioxid-enthaltenden Fraktion(en) zu einer Sequestrierung (D). Liquefaction process, such as, for example, a natural gas liquefaction process incurred, characterized by at least one cleaning (B) and / or at least one liquefaction unit (C) to which the carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) is fed or by means for Supplying the purified and / or liquefied, carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) to a sequestration (D).
6. Anordnung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Mittel zum Zuführen der gereinigten und/oder verflüssigten, Kohlendioxid-enthaltenden Fraktion(en) zu einer Sequestrierung (D) wenigstens eine Druckerhöhungseinheit (9) aufweisen.6. Arrangement according to claim 5, characterized in that the means for supplying the purified and / or liquefied, carbon dioxide-containing fraction (s) to a sequestration (D) at least one pressure increasing unit (9).
7. Anordnung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Druckerhöhungseinheit (9) eine Erhöhung des Druckes des bzw. der der Sequestrierung (D) zugeführten Kohlendioxid-enthaltenden Fraktionen auf wenigstens 100 bar ermöglicht. 7. Arrangement according to claim 6, characterized in that the pressure increasing unit (9) allows an increase in the pressure of the sequestration (D) supplied carbon dioxide-containing fractions to at least 100 bar.
PCT/EP2008/004505 2007-06-26 2008-06-05 Method for the removal of carbon dioxide WO2009000393A2 (en)

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US12/666,664 US20100212354A1 (en) 2007-06-26 2008-06-05 Method of disposing of carbon dioxide
AU2008267511A AU2008267511A1 (en) 2007-06-26 2008-06-05 Method for the removal of carbon dioxide
CN200880021862A CN101874187A (en) 2007-06-26 2008-06-05 Method for the removal of carbon dioxide
MX2009013404A MX2009013404A (en) 2007-06-26 2008-06-05 Method for the removal of carbon dioxide.
MYPI20095486A MY177037A (en) 2007-06-26 2008-06-05 Method of disposing of carbon dioxide
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