WO2008152081A2 - Anthelmintic benzo[d]isoxazolyl benzamide derivatives - Google Patents
Anthelmintic benzo[d]isoxazolyl benzamide derivatives Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008152081A2 WO2008152081A2 PCT/EP2008/057348 EP2008057348W WO2008152081A2 WO 2008152081 A2 WO2008152081 A2 WO 2008152081A2 EP 2008057348 W EP2008057348 W EP 2008057348W WO 2008152081 A2 WO2008152081 A2 WO 2008152081A2
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- compound
- halo
- formula
- alkyl
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000000507 anthelmentic effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 11
- KYYHTPBQELUSCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)benzamide Chemical class N=1OC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KYYHTPBQELUSCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 244000078703 ectoparasite Species 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ODXPJUJPWFDXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzoyl chloride Chemical compound OC1=C(I)C=C(I)C=C1C(Cl)=O ODXPJUJPWFDXOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 125000004356 hydroxy functional group Chemical group O* 0.000 claims 1
- IAWCQASRJGJLLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[3-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenyl)-5-methyl-1,2-benzoxazol-6-yl]-2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodobenzamide Chemical compound CC1=CC=2C(C=3C(=CC(Cl)=CC=3)F)=NOC=2C=C1NC(=O)C1=CC(I)=CC(I)=C1O IAWCQASRJGJLLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 37
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- HIMIIEPLELFESN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(1,2-benzoxazol-6-yl)benzamide Chemical class C=1C=C2C=NOC2=CC=1NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HIMIIEPLELFESN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 description 64
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 19
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 15
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- WTDHULULXKLSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxylamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.ON WTDHULULXKLSOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
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- 241000699696 Meriones Species 0.000 description 10
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 10
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 241000243974 Haemonchus contortus Species 0.000 description 7
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 108010037444 diisopropylglutathione ester Proteins 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 for example Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bisulfate Chemical compound [K+].OS([O-])(=O)=O CHKVPAROMQMJNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
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- 229940124339 anthelmintic agent Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000921 anthelmintic agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 4
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- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000001524 infective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- AOTWCYSQDSKAQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-4-methyl-5-nitrobenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O AOTWCYSQDSKAQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SDTMFDGELKWGFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropan-2-olate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[O-] SDTMFDGELKWGFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AZSNMRSAGSSBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 22,23-dihydroavermectin B1a Natural products C1CC(C)C(C(C)CC)OC21OC(CC=C(C)C(OC1OC(C)C(OC3OC(C)C(O)C(OC)C3)C(OC)C1)C(C)C=CC=C1C3(C(C(=O)O4)C=C(C)C(O)C3OC1)O)CC4C2 AZSNMRSAGSSBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BEZZFPOZAYTVHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxfendazole Chemical compound C=1C=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=CC=1S(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BEZZFPOZAYTVHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium cyanide Chemical compound [K+].N#[C-] NNFCIKHAZHQZJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 229960002957 praziquantel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QZWHWHNCPFEXLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl n-[2-(1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-3h-benzimidazol-5-yl]carbamate Chemical compound N1C2=CC(NC(=O)OC(C)C)=CC=C2N=C1C1=CSC=N1 QZWHWHNCPFEXLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011321 prophylaxis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- YSAUAVHXTIETRK-AATRIKPKSA-N pyrantel Chemical compound CN1CCCN=C1\C=C\C1=CC=CS1 YSAUAVHXTIETRK-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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- WKEDVNSFRWHDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylanilide Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 WKEDVNSFRWHDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- AFJYYKSVHJGXSN-KAJWKRCWSA-N selamectin Chemical compound O1[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)C[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1C(/C)=C/C[C@@H](O[C@]2(O[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC2)C2CCCCC2)C2)C[C@@H]2OC(=O)[C@@H]([C@]23O)C=C(C)C(=N\O)/[C@H]3OC\C2=C/C=C/[C@@H]1C AFJYYKSVHJGXSN-KAJWKRCWSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YFNCATAIYKQPOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OCC YFNCATAIYKQPOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D261/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings
- C07D261/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
- A61P33/02—Antiprotozoals, e.g. for leishmaniasis, trichomoniasis, toxoplasmosis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
- A61P33/10—Anthelmintics
Definitions
- the present invention is concerned with novel anthelmintic 7V-benzo[d]isoxazol-6-yl- benzamide derivatives and the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, compositions comprising said novel compounds, processes for preparing said compounds and compositions, and the use thereof as a medicine, in particular in treatment, control and prevention of endo- and ectoparasite infections in warm-blooded animals.
- Anthelmintic salicylanilide derivatives are known from GB- 1,537, 929.
- the present invention relates to a compound of formula (I)
- each of R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , and R 5 is independently from another selected from hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, C ⁇ alkyl, C ⁇ alkyloxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethyloxy, Ci- 4 alkylcarbonyl, C ⁇ alkyloxycarbonyl, cyano, nitro, and amino;
- R 6 is hydrogen, halo, C ⁇ alkyl, C ⁇ alkyloxy, trifluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyloxy
- R 7 is hydrogen, halo, C ⁇ alkyl, C ⁇ alkyloxy, trifluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyloxy; or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, or a solvate thereof.
- - halo is generic to fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo
- Ci- 4 alkyl defines straight and branched chain saturated hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, 1-methyl- ethyl, 2-methylpropyl and the like;
- Ci ⁇ alkyl is meant to include Ci ⁇ alkyl and the higher homologues thereof having
- stereochemically isomeric forms as used hereinbefore defines all the possible isomeric forms which the compounds of formula (I) may possess. Unless otherwise mentioned or indicated, the chemical designation of compounds denotes the mixture of all possible stereochemically isomeric forms, said mixtures containing all diastereomers and enantiomers of the basic molecular structure. More in particular, stereogenic centers may have the R- or S-configuration; substituents on bivalent cyclic (partially) saturated radicals may have either the cis- or trans-configuration. Stereochemically isomeric forms of the compounds of formula (I) are obviously intended to be embraced within the scope of this invention.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts as mentioned hereinabove are meant to comprise the therapeutically active non-toxic acid addition salt forms that the compounds of formula (I) are able to form.
- These pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts can conveniently be obtained by treating the base form with such appropriate acid.
- Appropriate acids comprise, for example, inorganic acids such as hydrohalic acids, e.g. hydrochloric or hydrobromic acid, sulfuric, nitric, phosphoric and the like acids; or organic acids such as, for example, acetic, propanoic, hydroxyacetic, lactic, pyruvic, oxalic (i.e. ethanedioic), malonic, succinic (i.e.
- butanedioic acid maleic, fumaric, malic, tartaric, citric, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, /?-toluenesulfonic, cyclamic, salicylic, / ⁇ -aminosalicylic, pamoic and the like acids.
- salt forms can be converted by treatment with an appropriate base into the free base form.
- the compounds of formula (I) may exist in both unsolvated and solvated forms.
- 'solvate' is used herein to describe a molecular association comprising a compound of the invention and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable solvent molecules, e.g. water or ethanol.
- solvent molecules e.g. water or ethanol.
- 'hydrate' is used when said solvent is water.
- the present invention relates those compounds of formula (I) wherein one or more of the following restrictions apply : a) R 1 is hydrogen, halo, C ⁇ alkyl or cyano; or b) R 2 is hydrogen, or halo; or c) R 3 is hydrogen, halo, C ⁇ alkyl, polyhaloC ⁇ alkyl, polyhaloC ⁇ alkyloxy, or cyano; or d) R 4 is hydrogen, or halo; or e) R 5 is hydrogen, halo, C ⁇ alkyl or cyano; or f) R 6 is Ci.galkyl, in particular R 6 is methyl; or g) R 7 is hydrogen.
- the present invention relates to those compounds of formula (I) including any stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein R 1 is hydrogen, halo, C ⁇ alkyl or cyano; R 2 is hydrogen, or halo; R 3 is hydrogen, halo, C ⁇ alkyl, polyhaloC ⁇ alkyl, polyhaloC ⁇ alkyloxy, or cyano; R 4 is hydrogen, or halo; R 5 is hydrogen, halo, C ⁇ alkyl or cyano; R 6 is C ⁇ galkyl; or R 7 is hydrogen.
- the present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) including any stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein R 1 is hydrogen or halo, R 2 is hydrogen, R 3 is halo, R 4 is hydrogen, R 5 is hydrogen or halo, R 6 is methyl, and R 7 is hydrogen.
- Compounds of formula (I) can be prepared by reacting intermediate (II) with 2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodo-benzoyl chloride (III), in a reaction-inert solvent such as dioxane or dichloromethane optionally in the presence of a suitable base such as, for example, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, dimethylformamide or triethylamine. Stirring may enhance the rate of the reaction.
- the reaction may conveniently be carried out at a temperature ranging between room temperature and the reflux temperature of the reaction mixture.
- Intermediates of formula (II) can be prepared as outlined below in Scheme 1.
- An intermediate of formula (IV) is reacted with an intermediate of formula (V) in the presence of a strong base such as potassium te/t-butoxide, followed by addition of hydrogen peroxide and bubbling of air through the reaction-mixture, thereby yielding an intermediate of formula (VI).
- the intermediate (VI) was then reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and after crystallisation of the reaction product, the obtained intermediate (VII) was cyclized using sodium hydroxide thereby yielding intermediate (VIII).
- Intermediate (VIII) was then reduced using iron or zinc in the presence of ammonium chloride in order to obtain intermediates of formula (II).
- the compounds of formula (I) as prepared in the hereinabove described processes may be synthesized in the form of racemic mixtures of enantiomers which can be separated from one another following art-known resolution procedures.
- Those compounds of formula (I) that are obtained in racemic form may be converted into the corresponding diastereomeric salt forms by reaction with a suitable chiral acid.
- Said diastereomeric salt forms are subsequently separated, for example, by selective or fractional crystallization and the enantiomers are liberated therefrom by alkali.
- An alternative manner of separating the enantiomeric forms of the compounds of formula (I) involves liquid chromatography using a chiral stationary phase.
- Said pure stereochemically isomeric forms may also be derived from the corresponding pure stereochemically isomeric forms of the appropriate starting materials, provided that the reaction occurs stereospecif ⁇ cally .
- said compound will be synthesized by stereospecific methods of preparation. These methods will advantageously employ enantiomerically pure starting materials.
- the compounds of formula (I), the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and stereo- isomeric forms thereof possess favorable anthelmintic activity. Therefore the present compounds of formula (I) are useful as a medicine in treatment, control and prevention of endo- and ectoparasite infections in warm-blooded animals.
- Endo- and ectoparasites include amongst others Nemathelminthes such as Amidostomum, Ancylostoma, Angiostrongylus, Anisakis, Ascaris, Brugia, Bunostomum, Capillaria, Chabertia, Cooperia, Cyathostomum, Cylicocyclus, Dictyocaulus (lungworm), Dipetalonema, Dirof ⁇ laria (heartworm), Dracunculus, Elaeophora, Gaigeria, Globocephalus urosubulatu, Haemonchus, Heterakis, Hyostrongylus, Metastrongylus (lungworm), Muellerius (lungworm), Necator americanus, Nematodirus, Neoascaris, Oesophagostomum, Onchocerca, Ostertagia, Oxyuris, Parascaris, Protostrongylus (lungworm), Setaria, Stephanofilaria, Strongyloides, Strongylus
- Warm-blooded animals as used throughout this text include both human and non- human animals such as farm animals (e.g. sheep, cattle, swine, goats or horses), domestic animals (e.g. dogs, cats, or cavias) as well as wild animals held in captivity and birds (e.g. poultry).
- farm animals e.g. sheep, cattle, swine, goats or horses
- domestic animals e.g. dogs, cats, or cavias
- wild animals held in captivity and birds e.g. poultry.
- the present invention also provides a method of treating, controlling and preventing endo- and ecto-parasite infections in warm-blooded animals.
- This method comprises administering to a warm-blooded animal in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I).
- therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I) means that amount of compound of formula (I) that elicits the biological or medicinal response in the warm-blooded animal that is being sought by the physician or veterinarian, which includes alleviation of the symptoms of the condition being treated.
- the therapeutically effective amount can be determined using routine optimization techniques and is dependent upon the particular condition to be treated, the condition of the warm-blooded animal, the route of administration, the formulation, and the judgment of the practitioner and other factors evident to those skilled in the art.
- a therapeutically effective amount may be achieved by multiple dosing.
- compositions comprising at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I).
- the compounds of formula (I) can be administered alone, but will generally be administered in admixture with a pharmaceutically or veterinary acceptable diluent or carrier selected with regard to the intended route of administration and standard pharmaceutical practice.
- a pharmaceutically or veterinary acceptable diluent or carrier selected with regard to the intended route of administration and standard pharmaceutical practice.
- they can be administered orally, including sublingually, in the form of tablets containing such excipients as starch or lactose, or in capsules or ovules either alone or in admixture with excipients, or in the form of elixirs, solutions or suspensions containing flavouring or colouring agents.
- the compounds of formula (I) could be incorporated into capsules, tablets or boluses for targeting the colon or duodenum via delayed dissolution of said capsules, tablets or boluses for a particular time following oral administration.
- the compounds of formula (I) can be injected parenterally, for example, intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneously.
- parenteral administration they are best used in the form of a sterile aqueous solution or suspension that may contain other substances, for example, enough salt or glucose to make the solution isotonic with blood.
- the compounds of formula (I) can be administered topically, in the form of sterile creams, gels, pour-on or spot-on formulations, suspensions, lotions, ointments, dusting powders, sprays, drug- incorporated dressings or via a skin patch.
- the compounds of formula (I) can be incorporated into a cream consisting of an aqueous or oily emulsion of polyethylene glycols or liquid paraffin, or they can be incorporated into an ointment consisting of a white wax soft paraffin base, or as hydrogel with cellulose or polyacrylate derivatives or other viscosity modifiers, or as a dry powder or liquid spray or aerosol with butane/propane, HFA or CFC propellants, or as a drug-incorporated dressing either as a tulle dressing, with white soft paraffin or polyethylene glycols impregnated gauze dressings or with hydrogel, hydrocolloid, alginate or film dressings.
- the compounds of formula (I) could also be administered intra-ocularly as an eye drop with appropriate buffers, viscosity modifiers (e.g. cellulose derivatives), preservatives (e.g. benzalkonium chloride (BZK)) and agents to adjust tenicity (e.g. sodium chloride).
- appropriate buffers e.g. cellulose derivatives
- preservatives e.g. benzalkonium chloride (BZK)
- agents to adjust tenicity e.g. sodium chloride
- compounds can be administered as a suitably acceptable formulation in accordance with normal veterinary practice and the veterinarian will determine the dosing regimen and route of administration which will be most appropriate for a particular animal.
- capsules, boluses or tablets may be prepared by mixing the active ingredient with a suitable finely divided diluent or carrier, additionally containing a disintegrating agent and/or binder such as starch, lactose, talc, or magnesium stearate.
- a drench formulation may be prepared by dispersing the active ingredients in an aqueous solution together with dispersing or wetting agents and injectable formulations may be prepared in the form of a sterile solution or emulsion.
- Pour-on or spot-on formulations may be prepared by dissolving the active ingredients in an acceptable liquid carrier vehicle, such as butyl digol, liquid paraffin or non- volatile ester with or without addition of a volatile component such as isopropanol.
- pour-on, spot-on or spray formulations can be prepared by encapsulation to leave a residue of active agent on the surface of the animal.
- These formulations will vary with regard to the weight of active compound depending on the species of host animal to be treated, the severity and type of infection and type and body weight of the host.
- the formulations comprising a compound of formula (I) may be administered continuously, particularly for prophylaxis by known methods.
- the combinations may be administered with the animal feedstuff and for this purpose a concentrated feed additive or premix may be prepared for mixing with the normal animal feed.
- a concentrated feed additive or premix may be prepared for mixing with the normal animal feed.
- the compounds of formula (I) are administered as a pharmaceutically acceptable formulation in accordance with normal medical practice.
- the compounds of formula (I) may be used in conjunction with other anthelmintic or antiparasitic agents so as to widen the spectrum of action or to prevent the buildup of resistance.
- Other anthelmintic agents are e.g. avermectines and milbemycines such as abamectin, doramectin, eprinomectin, ivermectin, milbemycin, milbemycin oxime, moxidectin, selamectin, and the like; benzimidazoles such as albendazole, cambendazole, fenbendazole, flubendazole, mebendazole, oxfendazole, parbendazole, oxibendazole and cyclobendazole; pro-benzimidazoles such as febantel, thiophanate and netobimin; closantel, praziquantel, and pyrantel.
- a therapeutically effective dose will be from about 0.1 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg of body weight, more preferably from about 1 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg of body weight of the warm-blooded animal to be treated. It may be appropriate to administer the therapeutically effective dose in the form of two or more sub-doses at appropriate intervals throughout the day.
- the exact dosage and frequency of administration depends on the particular compound of formula (I) used, the particular condition being treated, the severity of the condition being treated, the age, weight and general physical condition of the particular warmblooded animal as well as the other medication (including the above-mentioned additional anthelmintic or antiparasitic agents), the warm-blooded may be taking, as is well known to those skilled in the art.
- said effective daily amount may be lowered or increased depending on the response of the treated animal and/or depending on the evaluation of the physician or veterinarian prescribing the compounds of the instant invention.
- the effective daily amount ranges mentioned hereinabove are therefore only guidelines.
- 'DCM' stands for dichloromethane
- 'DMF' stands for N, ⁇ /-dimethylformamide
- 7-BuOK' stands for potassium te/t-butoxide
- 'Na2SO4' stands for sodium sulfate
- Example A.2 The following compounds were prepared analogously as Example A.2 but starting from 2-methyl-benzeneacetonitrile, 4-bromo-benzeneacetonitrile, 2,4-dimethyl-benzene- acetonitrile, 4-(trifluoromethoxy)-benzeneacetonitrile, 2-fluoro-benzeneacetonitrile, or 2,4-dichloro-benzeneacetonitrile respectively.
- Example A.3 The following compounds were prepared analogously as Example A.3 but starting from methylbenzene, 2,6-dichloro-l -methyl-benzene, 4-cyano-l -methyl-benzene, 4-chloro- 1 -methyl-benzene, 4-bromo-2-fluoro- 1 -methyl-benzene, 4-trifluoromethyl- 1 -methyl- benzene, or 2-cyano-l -methyl-benzene respectively.
- Table F-I lists the compounds that were prepared according to one of the above Examples.
- CRW jirds Female CRW jirds aged between 28 and 35 days and weighing 30-35 g (Charles River, Sulzfeld, Germany) were used. Three jirds each were assigned randomly upon arrival to translucent polysulfone individually ventilated cages (48 x 37.5 x 21 cm) containing wood shavings. Commercial rodent chow and water were given ad libitum. Following a four-day acclimation period, the jirds were artificially infected.
- Haemonchus contortus the 'Nooitgedacht strain' BZ/FSM/02/Pl/HcN isolated in South Africa
- This strain has been maintained in artificially infected male donor lambs.
- Individual feces containing Haemonchus eggs were collected in fecal bags.
- the fecal pellets were broken, mixed with charcoal, moistened and put in an incubator for embryonation at 28°C and 95 % relative humidity. Seven days later this mixture was placed in Baermann funnels and third stage ensheathed larvae were collected after 12 hours. These larvae were rinsed with water for cleaning and disinfected with a 2 % formalin solution.
- Such larvae can be used immediately for artificial infection or can be stored in the fridge at about 8°C for a maximum duration of 6 months.
- Infective larvae ⁇ 6 months old were exsheated by rinsing with a 3.3 vol% commercial sodium hypochlorite solution during 10 minutes, filtered through a Buchner funnel, rinsed with water, concentrated in a Baermann funnel, and collected after 2 hours. Exsheated larvae prepared in this manner can be used for subsequent infection of jirds or laid in a supply for extended periods by cooling in the gas over liquid nitrogen during 1 hour and storing in liquid nitrogen.
- Percentage efficacy ( ⁇ (mean number of worms recovered from control group) -
Abstract
The present invention is concerned with novel anthelmintic N-benzo[d]isoxazol-6-yl-benzamide derivatives and the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, compositions comprising said novel Compounds, processes for preparing said Compounds and compositions, and the use thereof as a medicine, in particular in treatment, control and prevention of endo- and ectoparasite infections in warm-blooded animals.
Description
ANTHELMINTIC BENZO[D]ISOXAZOLYL BENZAMIDE DERIVATIVES
The present invention is concerned with novel anthelmintic 7V-benzo[d]isoxazol-6-yl- benzamide derivatives and the pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts thereof, compositions comprising said novel compounds, processes for preparing said compounds and compositions, and the use thereof as a medicine, in particular in treatment, control and prevention of endo- and ectoparasite infections in warm-blooded animals.
Anthelmintic salicylanilide derivatives are known from GB- 1,537, 929.
The present invention relates to a compound of formula (I)
including any stereochemical^ isomeric form thereof, wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 is independently from another selected from hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, C^alkyl, C^alkyloxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethyloxy, Ci-4alkylcarbonyl, C^alkyloxycarbonyl, cyano, nitro, and amino;
R6 is hydrogen, halo, C^alkyl, C^alkyloxy, trifluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyloxy; and R7 is hydrogen, halo, C^alkyl, C^alkyloxy, trifluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyloxy; or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, or a solvate thereof.
As used in the foregoing definitions :
- halo is generic to fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo;
- Ci-4alkyl defines straight and branched chain saturated hydrocarbon radicals having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, 1-methyl- ethyl, 2-methylpropyl and the like;
- Ci^alkyl is meant to include Ci^alkyl and the higher homologues thereof having
5 or 6 carbon atoms, such as, for example, 2-methylbutyl, pentyl, hexyl and the like;
The term "stereochemically isomeric forms" as used hereinbefore defines all the possible isomeric forms which the compounds of formula (I) may possess. Unless otherwise mentioned or indicated, the chemical designation of compounds denotes the mixture of all possible stereochemically isomeric forms, said mixtures containing all diastereomers and enantiomers of the basic molecular structure. More in particular, stereogenic centers may have the R- or S-configuration; substituents on bivalent cyclic (partially) saturated radicals may have either the cis- or trans-configuration. Stereochemically isomeric forms of the compounds of formula (I) are obviously intended to be embraced within the scope of this invention.
The absolute stereochemical configuration of the compounds of formula (I) and of the intermediates used in their preparation may easily be determined by those skilled in the art while using well-known methods such as, for example, X-ray diffraction.
Furthermore, some compounds of formula (I) and some of the intermediates used in their preparation may exhibit polymorphism. It is to be understood that the present invention encompasses any polymorphic forms possessing properties useful in the treatment of the conditions noted hereinabove.
The pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts as mentioned hereinabove are meant to comprise the therapeutically active non-toxic acid addition salt forms that the compounds of formula (I) are able to form. These pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts can conveniently be obtained by treating the base form with such appropriate acid. Appropriate acids comprise, for example, inorganic acids such as hydrohalic acids, e.g. hydrochloric or hydrobromic acid, sulfuric, nitric, phosphoric and the like acids; or organic acids such as, for example, acetic, propanoic, hydroxyacetic, lactic, pyruvic, oxalic (i.e. ethanedioic), malonic, succinic (i.e. butanedioic acid), maleic, fumaric, malic, tartaric, citric, methanesulfonic, ethanesulfonic, benzenesulfonic, /?-toluenesulfonic, cyclamic, salicylic, /^-aminosalicylic, pamoic and the like acids.
Conversely said salt forms can be converted by treatment with an appropriate base into the free base form.
The compounds of formula (I) may exist in both unsolvated and solvated forms. The term 'solvate' is used herein to describe a molecular association comprising a compound of the invention and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable solvent molecules, e.g. water or ethanol. The term 'hydrate' is used when said solvent is water.
In an embodiment, the present invention relates those compounds of formula (I) wherein one or more of the following restrictions apply : a) R1 is hydrogen, halo, C^alkyl or cyano; or b) R2 is hydrogen, or halo; or c) R3 is hydrogen, halo, C^alkyl, polyhaloC^alkyl, polyhaloC^alkyloxy, or cyano; or d) R4 is hydrogen, or halo; or e) R5 is hydrogen, halo, C^alkyl or cyano; or f) R6 is Ci.galkyl, in particular R6 is methyl; or g) R7 is hydrogen.
In another embodiment, the present invention relates to those compounds of formula (I) including any stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein R1 is hydrogen, halo, C^alkyl or cyano; R2 is hydrogen, or halo; R3 is hydrogen, halo, C^alkyl, polyhaloC^alkyl, polyhaloC^alkyloxy, or cyano; R4 is hydrogen, or halo; R5 is hydrogen, halo, C^alkyl or cyano; R6 is Cμgalkyl; or R7 is hydrogen.
In yet another embodiment the present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) including any stereochemically isomeric forms thereof, wherein R1 is hydrogen or halo, R2 is hydrogen, R3 is halo, R4 is hydrogen, R5 is hydrogen or halo, R6 is methyl, and R7 is hydrogen.
Compounds of formula (I) can be prepared by reacting intermediate (II) with 2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodo-benzoyl chloride (III), in a reaction-inert solvent such as dioxane or dichloromethane optionally in the presence of a suitable base such as, for example, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, dimethylformamide or triethylamine. Stirring may enhance the rate of the reaction. The reaction may conveniently be carried out at a temperature ranging between room temperature and the reflux temperature of the reaction mixture.
Intermediates of formula (II) can be prepared as outlined below in Scheme 1. An intermediate of formula (IV) is reacted with an intermediate of formula (V) in the presence of a strong base such as potassium te/t-butoxide, followed by addition of hydrogen peroxide and bubbling of air through the reaction-mixture, thereby yielding an intermediate of formula (VI). The intermediate (VI) was then reacted with hydroxylamine hydrochloride and after crystallisation of the reaction product, the obtained intermediate (VII) was cyclized using sodium hydroxide thereby yielding intermediate (VIII). Intermediate (VIII) was then reduced using iron or zinc in the presence of ammonium chloride in order to obtain intermediates of formula (II).
Scheme 1
Starting intermediates (IV) and (V) are commercially available products.
The compounds of formula (I) as prepared in the hereinabove described processes may be synthesized in the form of racemic mixtures of enantiomers which can be separated from one another following art-known resolution procedures. Those compounds of formula (I) that are obtained in racemic form may be converted into the corresponding
diastereomeric salt forms by reaction with a suitable chiral acid. Said diastereomeric salt forms are subsequently separated, for example, by selective or fractional crystallization and the enantiomers are liberated therefrom by alkali. An alternative manner of separating the enantiomeric forms of the compounds of formula (I) involves liquid chromatography using a chiral stationary phase. Said pure stereochemically isomeric forms may also be derived from the corresponding pure stereochemically isomeric forms of the appropriate starting materials, provided that the reaction occurs stereospecifϊcally . Preferably if a specific stereoisomer is desired, said compound will be synthesized by stereospecific methods of preparation. These methods will advantageously employ enantiomerically pure starting materials.
The compounds of formula (I), the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and stereo- isomeric forms thereof possess favorable anthelmintic activity. Therefore the present compounds of formula (I) are useful as a medicine in treatment, control and prevention of endo- and ectoparasite infections in warm-blooded animals.
Endo- and ectoparasites include amongst others Nemathelminthes such as Amidostomum, Ancylostoma, Angiostrongylus, Anisakis, Ascaris, Brugia, Bunostomum, Capillaria, Chabertia, Cooperia, Cyathostomum, Cylicocyclus, Dictyocaulus (lungworm), Dipetalonema, Dirofϊlaria (heartworm), Dracunculus, Elaeophora, Gaigeria, Globocephalus urosubulatu, Haemonchus, Heterakis, Hyostrongylus, Metastrongylus (lungworm), Muellerius (lungworm), Necator americanus, Nematodirus, Neoascaris, Oesophagostomum, Onchocerca, Ostertagia, Oxyuris, Parascaris, Protostrongylus (lungworm), Setaria, Stephanofilaria, Strongyloides, Strongylus, Syngamus, Teladorsagia, Toxascaris, Toxocara, Trichinella, Trichostrongylus, Trichuris, Uncinaria stenocephala, and Wuchereria bancrofti.
Warm-blooded animals as used throughout this text include both human and non- human animals such as farm animals (e.g. sheep, cattle, swine, goats or horses), domestic animals (e.g. dogs, cats, or cavias) as well as wild animals held in captivity and birds (e.g. poultry).
In view of the utility of the compounds of formula (I), it follows that the present invention also provides a method of treating, controlling and preventing endo- and ecto-parasite infections in warm-blooded animals. This method comprises administering to a warm-blooded animal in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I).
The term "therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I)" as used herein, means that amount of compound of formula (I) that elicits the biological or medicinal response in the warm-blooded animal that is being sought by the physician or veterinarian, which includes alleviation of the symptoms of the condition being treated. The therapeutically effective amount can be determined using routine optimization techniques and is dependent upon the particular condition to be treated, the condition of the warm-blooded animal, the route of administration, the formulation, and the judgment of the practitioner and other factors evident to those skilled in the art. A therapeutically effective amount may be achieved by multiple dosing.
Additionally the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising at least one pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I).
For use in warm-blooded animals, including humans, the compounds of formula (I) can be administered alone, but will generally be administered in admixture with a pharmaceutically or veterinary acceptable diluent or carrier selected with regard to the intended route of administration and standard pharmaceutical practice. For example, they can be administered orally, including sublingually, in the form of tablets containing such excipients as starch or lactose, or in capsules or ovules either alone or in admixture with excipients, or in the form of elixirs, solutions or suspensions containing flavouring or colouring agents. The compounds of formula (I) could be incorporated into capsules, tablets or boluses for targeting the colon or duodenum via delayed dissolution of said capsules, tablets or boluses for a particular time following oral administration. The compounds of formula (I) can be injected parenterally, for example, intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneously. For parenteral administration, they are best used in the form of a sterile aqueous solution or suspension that may contain other substances, for example, enough salt or glucose to make the solution isotonic with blood. The compounds of formula (I) can be administered topically, in the form of sterile creams, gels, pour-on or spot-on formulations, suspensions, lotions, ointments, dusting powders, sprays, drug- incorporated dressings or via a skin patch. For example the compounds of formula (I) can be incorporated into a cream consisting of an aqueous or oily emulsion of polyethylene glycols or liquid paraffin, or they can be incorporated into an ointment consisting of a white wax soft paraffin base, or as hydrogel with cellulose or polyacrylate derivatives or other viscosity modifiers, or as a dry powder or liquid spray or aerosol with butane/propane, HFA or CFC propellants, or as a drug-incorporated
dressing either as a tulle dressing, with white soft paraffin or polyethylene glycols impregnated gauze dressings or with hydrogel, hydrocolloid, alginate or film dressings. The compounds of formula (I) could also be administered intra-ocularly as an eye drop with appropriate buffers, viscosity modifiers (e.g. cellulose derivatives), preservatives (e.g. benzalkonium chloride (BZK)) and agents to adjust tenicity (e.g. sodium chloride). Such formulation techniques are well-known in the art. All such formulations may also contain appropriate stabilizers and preservatives.
For veterinary use, compounds can be administered as a suitably acceptable formulation in accordance with normal veterinary practice and the veterinarian will determine the dosing regimen and route of administration which will be most appropriate for a particular animal.
For topical application dip, spray, powder, dust, pour- on, spot-on, emulsifiable concentrate, jetting fluid, shampoos, collar, tag or harness may be used. Such formulations are prepared in a conventional manner in accordance with standard veterinary and pharmaceutical practice. Thus capsules, boluses or tablets may be prepared by mixing the active ingredient with a suitable finely divided diluent or carrier, additionally containing a disintegrating agent and/or binder such as starch, lactose, talc, or magnesium stearate. A drench formulation may be prepared by dispersing the active ingredients in an aqueous solution together with dispersing or wetting agents and injectable formulations may be prepared in the form of a sterile solution or emulsion. Pour-on or spot-on formulations may be prepared by dissolving the active ingredients in an acceptable liquid carrier vehicle, such as butyl digol, liquid paraffin or non- volatile ester with or without addition of a volatile component such as isopropanol.
Alternatively, pour-on, spot-on or spray formulations can be prepared by encapsulation to leave a residue of active agent on the surface of the animal. These formulations will vary with regard to the weight of active compound depending on the species of host animal to be treated, the severity and type of infection and type and body weight of the host. The formulations comprising a compound of formula (I) may be administered continuously, particularly for prophylaxis by known methods.
As an alternative the combinations may be administered with the animal feedstuff and for this purpose a concentrated feed additive or premix may be prepared for mixing with the normal animal feed.
For human use the compounds of formula (I) are administered as a pharmaceutically acceptable formulation in accordance with normal medical practice.
The compounds of formula (I) may be used in conjunction with other anthelmintic or antiparasitic agents so as to widen the spectrum of action or to prevent the buildup of resistance. Other anthelmintic agents are e.g. avermectines and milbemycines such as abamectin, doramectin, eprinomectin, ivermectin, milbemycin, milbemycin oxime, moxidectin, selamectin, and the like; benzimidazoles such as albendazole, cambendazole, fenbendazole, flubendazole, mebendazole, oxfendazole, parbendazole, oxibendazole and cyclobendazole; pro-benzimidazoles such as febantel, thiophanate and netobimin; closantel, praziquantel, and pyrantel.
Those skilled in the treatment of helminthiasis will easily determine the therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula (I) from the test results presented hereinafter. In general it is contemplated that a therapeutically effective dose will be from about 0.1 mg/kg to about 20 mg/kg of body weight, more preferably from about 1 mg/kg to about 10 mg/kg of body weight of the warm-blooded animal to be treated. It may be appropriate to administer the therapeutically effective dose in the form of two or more sub-doses at appropriate intervals throughout the day.
The exact dosage and frequency of administration depends on the particular compound of formula (I) used, the particular condition being treated, the severity of the condition being treated, the age, weight and general physical condition of the particular warmblooded animal as well as the other medication (including the above-mentioned additional anthelmintic or antiparasitic agents), the warm-blooded may be taking, as is well known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, said effective daily amount may be lowered or increased depending on the response of the treated animal and/or depending on the evaluation of the physician or veterinarian prescribing the compounds of the instant invention. The effective daily amount ranges mentioned hereinabove are therefore only guidelines.
Experimental part
In the procedures described hereinafter the following abbreviations were used: 'DCM' stands for dichloromethane; 'DMF' stands for N,Λ/-dimethylformamide; 7-BuOK' stands for potassium te/t-butoxide; 'Na2SO4'stands for sodium sulfate;
'KHSO4' stands for potassium hydrogensulfate; 'DIPE' stands for diisopropylether, 'NaHCOs' stands for sodium hydrogen carbonate.
A. Synthesis of the intermediates Example A.1
A solution of 4-chloro-2-fluorobenzeneacetonitrile (0.059 mol) in anhydrous DMF (150 ml) was chilled on an ice-bath. t-BuOK (0.118 mol) was added under nitrogen and the resulting mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. l,2-Dichloro-4-methyl-5- nitrobenzene (0.059 mol) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 00C. The mixture was allowed to warm to room temperature for 1 hour and then cooled to 00C. A solution of hydrogen peroxide in water (30%) (17.8 ml) was added and air was bubbled through the solution overnight. The obtained mixture was slowly added dropwise to IN HCl (750 ml) and after stirring in ice-cold DIPE, the resulting precipitate was filtered off, yielding 5.83 g of intermediate (1).
Intermediate (1) (0.018 mol) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.035mol) was stirred in ethanol (125 ml) with pyridine (0.088 mol) at 600C. The mixture was stirred overnight and extra hydroxylamine hydrochloride (0.018 mol) and pyridine (0.044 mol) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 days at 600C and ethyl acetate (500 ml) was added. The resulting mixture was washed with KHSO4 (0.5M) (3 x 250 ml), dried (brine and Na2SO4), filtered off and concentrated. The residue was crystallised from methanol, yielding 2.37 g of intermediate (2).
Intermediate (2) (0.0013 mol) and sodium hydroxide (pearls) (0.0025 mol) were stirred for 1 hour at room temperature in anhydrous DMF (10 ml). The reaction mixture was poured out into water. The obtained solid was filtered off, washed with water and dried at low pressure, yielding 0.390 g of intermediate (3).
d) Preparation of intermediate (4)
A mixture of ammonium chloride (0.0065 mol) in water (10 ml) was added to a solution of intermediate (3) (0.0013 mol) and iron (0.0065 mol) in methanol (20 ml) and THF (10 ml). The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 700C and then cooled to room temperature. Water (100 ml) was added and the organic solvents were evaporated. The aqueous concentrate was stirred in ethyl acetate (3 x 100 ml) and the organic layer was decanted each time. The organic layers were combined, dried (brine and Na2SO4), filtered off and then the solvent was evaporated and co-evaporated with DCM, yielding 0.353 g of intermediate (4).
Example A.2
a) Preparation of 1 J |l JL intermediate (5)
Cl
1 ,2-dichloro-4-methyl-5 -nitrobenzene (1 g) and 3,4-dichlorobenzeneacetonitrile (903 mg, 1 equivalents) were dissolved in anhydrous DMF (25 ml). Sodium hydroxide (pearls) (485 mg, 2.5 equivalents) were added at once. After 3 hours, TLC showed complete conversion and air was bubbled through the solution. After 2 days the reaction was complete (TLC). The reaction mixture was dropped onto hydrochloric acid (IN) (100 ml). Diethyl ether (100 ml) was added. The mixture was stirred for 1 hour and the organic fraction was washed with a saturated solution of sodium hydrogen carbonate in water (3x), dried (brine and Na2SO4) and evaporated. The residue was sonicated in DIPE and filtered off. The solid was dissolved in ethyl acetate and filtered over silica, yielding 1.27 g of intermediate (5).
Intermediate (5) (1.25 g), hydroxylamine hydrochloride (756 mg, 3 equivalents) and pyridine (2.2 ml, 7.5 equivalents) were refluxed in ethanol (40 ml) over 2 nights. Extra hydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.5 equivalent) and pyridine (3.5 equivalents) were added. Heating was continued overnight. After that, ethyl acetate (200 ml) was added
and the mixture was washed with KHSO4 (0.5 N) (3x). The ethyl acetate was dried (brine, Na2SO4) and evaporated, yielding 1.30 g of intermediate (6).
Intermediate (6) (600 mg) was dissolved in dry DMF (15 ml) and sodium hydroxide (pearls) (133 mg, 2 equivalents) were added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature. After 1 hour, water (250 ml) was added to the reaction mixture and this was extracted with ethyl acetate (3x). The combined organic extracts were washed with water and dried (brine and Na2SO4) and evaporated. The residue was stirred in DIPE and filtered off, yielding 112 mg of intermediate (7).
Intermediate (7) (112 mg), iron (97 mg, 5 equivalents) and ammonium chloride (93 mg, 5 equivalents) were heated in a mixture of methanol/THF/water 2/1/1 (16 ml) at 700C for 2.5 hours. Then water (100 ml) was added and THF/methanol was evaporated. The product was extracted with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate was dried (brine and Na2SO4) and evaporated, yielding 91 mg of intermediate (8).
The following compounds were prepared analogously as Example A.2 but starting from 2-methyl-benzeneacetonitrile, 4-bromo-benzeneacetonitrile, 2,4-dimethyl-benzene- acetonitrile, 4-(trifluoromethoxy)-benzeneacetonitrile, 2-fluoro-benzeneacetonitrile, or 2,4-dichloro-benzeneacetonitrile respectively.
intermediate (9) intermediate (12)
Potassium cyanide (1.1 equivalents, 23.2 g) was dissolved in water (250 ml) and added to a solution of intermediate (15) (0.32 mol) and tetrabutylammonium hydrogensulfate (0.05 equivalents, 5.5 g) in DCM (250 ml). The mixture was stirred at 400C for 6 hours. The layers were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with DCM. The combined organic layers were washed with water (2 x 250 ml), dried (brine and Na2SO4) filtered and concentrated. The residual oil was washed twice with heptane to remove impurities, yielding intermediate (15).
Intermediate (15) (0.05 mol) was dissolved in anhydrous DMF (150ml) and chilled in an ice-bath. Under nitrogen2- atmosphere, t-BuOK (2.0 equivalents) was added at once and this mixture was stirred for 30 minutes. 1 ,2-Dichloro-4-methyl-5 -nitrobenzene (12.17 g) was added at once and the reaction mixture was stirred at O0C for 1 hour. The mixture was allowed to warm up to room temperature for 1 hour and cooled to 00C. Hydrogen peroxide (30%) (3.25 equivalents) was added at once and air was bubbled through the solution overnight. The reaction mixture was slowly dropped in IN HCl (750 ml). A yellow precipitate was filtered off. Stirred in ice-cold DIPE and filtered again, yielding intermediate (16).
A mixture of intermediate (16) (0.0176 mol) and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (2 equivalents, 2.46 g) was stirred in ethanol (125 ml) with pyridine (5.0 equivalents, 7.1 ml) at 600C. After stirring one night, hydroxylamine hydrochloride (1.0 equivalent, 1.23 g) and pyridine (3.55 ml) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 3 days at 600C and ethyl acetate (500 ml) was added. The mixture was washed with KHSO4
(0.5M) (3 x 250ml), filtered and concentrated. The residue was crystallized in methanol, yielding intermediate (17).
Intermediate (17) (1.25 mmol) and sodium hydroxide (pearls) (2.0 equivalents, 100 ml) were stirred in anhydrous DMF (20 ml) at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into water and the beige solid was filtered, washed with water and dried at low pressure, yielding intermediate (18).
Intermediate (18) (1 mmol) and zinc (5.0 equivalents) were dissolved / suspended in methanol (20 ml) and THF (10 ml). Ammonium chloride (5 equivalents) in water (10 ml) was added. This mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 700C and cooled to room temperature. Water (100 ml) was added and the organic layer was decanted. The combined organic layers were dried (brine and Na2SO4), filtered, concentrated and co- evaporated with DCM, yielding intermediate (19).
The following compounds were prepared analogously as Example A.3 but starting from methylbenzene, 2,6-dichloro-l -methyl-benzene, 4-cyano-l -methyl-benzene, 4-chloro- 1 -methyl-benzene, 4-bromo-2-fluoro- 1 -methyl-benzene, 4-trifluoromethyl- 1 -methyl- benzene, or 2-cyano-l -methyl-benzene respectively.
Example A.4
Commercially available 3,5-diiodosalysilic acid (20 g) was dissolved in DCM (150 ml). Oxalyl chloride (1.2 equivalents) and anhydrous DMF (3 drops) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 hours, evaporated and co- evaporated with DCM, yielding 17.80 g of intermediate (27).
B. Synthesis of the final compounds Example B.I
Preparation of compound (1)
A mixture of intermediate (4) (0.005 mol) and intermediate (27) (0.006 mol) in anhydrous dioxane (125 ml) was stirred overnight (the reaction vessel was protected from daylight by aluminium foil). The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (500 ml) and washed with a saturated NaHCOs solution (2 x 250 ml). The organic layer was separated, dried (brine and Na2SO4), filtered off and the solvent was evaporated. The obtained residue was triturated under ethanol (40 ml), then under DIPE/ethanol (1/1; 250 ml) and filtered, yielding 1.60 g of compound (1); mp. 241- 248°C).
Example B .2
Preparation of compound (10)
Intermediate (19) (0.5 mmol) and intermediate (27) ( 1.2 equivalents) were stirred in hydrous dioxane (125 ml) overnight. The reaction vessel was protected from daylight by aluminum foil. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (500 ml) and washed with a saturated NaHCO3 solution (2 x 200 ml), dried (brine and Na2SO4), filtered and concentrated. The product was triturated with ethanol (40 ml), subsequently with DIPE/ethanol 1 : 1 (250 ml), and filtered off, yielding compound (10).
Table F-I lists the compounds that were prepared according to one of the above Examples.
Table F-I
C. Pharmacological examples
Cl. Efficacy study of anthelmintics in in vivo H. contortus /jirds model The anthelmintic efficacy of the compounds of the present invention was evaluated in an in vivo model using unmedicated jirds (Meriones unguiculatus) , inoculated three times with approximately 300 exsheated infective larvae of Haemonchus contortus (multi-resistant strain), treated orally with a test compound 11 days after their first infection with H. contortus larvae, and necropsied on day 14 to count the number of recovered H. contortus worms. The anthelmintic efficacy of the art known compounds (A) and (B) was also evaluated using the same model.
Animals
Female CRW jirds aged between 28 and 35 days and weighing 30-35 g (Charles River, Sulzfeld, Germany) were used. Three jirds each were assigned randomly upon arrival to translucent polysulfone individually ventilated cages (48 x 37.5 x 21 cm) containing wood shavings. Commercial rodent chow and water were given ad libitum. Following a four-day acclimation period, the jirds were artificially infected.
Parasite A poly-resistant strain of Haemonchus contortus ( the 'Nooitgedacht strain' BZ/FSM/02/Pl/HcN isolated in South Africa) was used. This strain has been maintained in artificially infected male donor lambs. Individual feces containing Haemonchus eggs were collected in fecal bags. The fecal pellets were broken, mixed with charcoal, moistened and put in an incubator for embryonation at 28°C and 95 %
relative humidity. Seven days later this mixture was placed in Baermann funnels and third stage ensheathed larvae were collected after 12 hours. These larvae were rinsed with water for cleaning and disinfected with a 2 % formalin solution. Such larvae can be used immediately for artificial infection or can be stored in the fridge at about 8°C for a maximum duration of 6 months. Infective larvae (< 6 months old) were exsheated by rinsing with a 3.3 vol% commercial sodium hypochlorite solution during 10 minutes, filtered through a Buchner funnel, rinsed with water, concentrated in a Baermann funnel, and collected after 2 hours. Exsheated larvae prepared in this manner can be used for subsequent infection of jirds or laid in a supply for extended periods by cooling in the gas over liquid nitrogen during 1 hour and storing in liquid nitrogen.
Infections
All jirds were inoculated orally with approximately 300 exsheated infective larvae of H. contortus per dose on three consecutive days. Inoculations were administered using a blunted 18 G dosing needle fitted to a 1 ml syringe.
Treatments
Eleven days after their first infection jirds were treated with test compounds, suspended or dissolved in 0.4 ml DMSO, and the dose to be tested was administered in a volume of 0.1 ml / 50 g bodyweight via a blunted 18 G dosing needle fitted to a 1 ml syringe. Control animals, included in each experiment, remained untreated. Levamisole hydrochloride, mebendazole, ivermectin and closantel were used in different dosage titration experiments to validate the model.
Necropsy
All jirds were starved 20 hours before necropsy and killed on day 14 past first infection by CO2 inhalation. For worm recovery their stomachs were removed, opened longitudinally, and incubated in a beaker with 20 ml digestion fluid (1O g pepsin + 30 ml concentrated hydrochloric acid) at 37°C for 3 hours. Following digestion, the stomach content was passed through a tea-strainer, the passage fluid was catched in a sieve (32 μm) and the worms were recovered with tap water. The beakers were stored in the fridge for subsequent counting.
Examination and percentage efficacy The content of each beaker was mixed, poured over in a 6-well plate in 6 aliquots, and the worms were counted under an inverted microscope. The percentage efficacy for each test compound was determined and the results are summarized in Table 1 below.
Table 1 : efficacy data in clearing the poly-resistant Haemonchus contortus strain from jirds after oral treatment with a test compound
(*) : 7.5 mg test concentration
Percentage efficacy = ({(mean number of worms recovered from control group) -
(mean number of worms recovered from treated group)} divided by (mean number of worms recovered from control group)) x 100
Claims
1. Compound of formula (I)
including any stereochemically isomeric form thereof, wherein each of R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 is independently from another selected from hydrogen, halo, hydroxy, Cμgalkyl, Cμgalkyloxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethyloxy, Ci^alkylcarbonyl, C^alkyloxycarbonyl, cyano, nitro, and amino; R6 is hydrogen, halo, C^alkyl, Cμgalkyloxy, trifluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyloxy; and
R7 is hydrogen, halo, C^alkyl, Cμgalkyloxy, trifluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyloxy; or a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt thereof, or a solvate thereof.
2. A compound as claimed in claim 1 wherein R1 is hydrogen, halo, C^alkyl or cyano; R2 is hydrogen, or halo; R3 is hydrogen, halo, C^alkyl, polyhaloC^alkyl, polyhaloC^alkyloxy, or cyano; R4 is hydrogen, or halo; R5 is hydrogen, halo,
C^alkyl or cyano; R6 is C^alkyl; or R7 is hydrogen.
3. A compound as claimed in claim 1 wherein R6 is methyl and R7 is hydrogen.
4. A compound as claimed in claim 3 wherein R1 is hydrogen or halo, R2 is hydrogen, R3 is halo, R4 is hydrogen and R5 is hydrogen or halo.
5. A compound as claimed in claim 1 wherein the compound is N-[3-(4-chloro-2- fluoro-phenyl)-5-methyl-benzo[d]isoxazol-6-yl]-2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodo-benzamide
6. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a therapeutically active amount of a compound as claimed in any of claims 1 to
5.
7. A process for preparing a pharmaceutical composition as claimed in claim 6 wherein a therapeutically active amount of a compound as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5 is intimately mixed with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
8. A compound as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5 for use as a medicine.
9. Use of a compound as claimed in any of claims 1 to 5 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment, control and prevention of endo- and ectoparasite infections.
10. A process for preparing a compound of formula (I) wherein an intermediate of formula (II) is reacted with 2-hydroxy-3,5-diiodo-benzoyl chloride (III) in a suitable reaction-inert solvent
or if desired; a compound of formula (I) is converted into a pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt, or conversely, an acid addition salt of a compound of formula (I) is converted into a free base form with alkali; and, if desired, preparing stereochemically isomeric forms thereof.
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- 2008-06-10 PA PA20088783901A patent/PA8783901A1/en unknown
- 2008-06-12 WO PCT/EP2008/057348 patent/WO2008152081A2/en active Application Filing
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CN102206152A (en) * | 2011-04-12 | 2011-10-05 | 浙江荣耀化工有限公司 | Method for chemically synthesizing 3,5-diio-2-hydroxybenzene formyl chloride |
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