WO2008152060A1 - Procédé pour mesurer et/ou surveiller un paramètre d'écoulement et dispositif correspondant - Google Patents

Procédé pour mesurer et/ou surveiller un paramètre d'écoulement et dispositif correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008152060A1
WO2008152060A1 PCT/EP2008/057295 EP2008057295W WO2008152060A1 WO 2008152060 A1 WO2008152060 A1 WO 2008152060A1 EP 2008057295 W EP2008057295 W EP 2008057295W WO 2008152060 A1 WO2008152060 A1 WO 2008152060A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
measuring tube
transducer elements
amplitudes
transducer
mechanical vibrations
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/057295
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Roost
Original Assignee
Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag filed Critical Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag
Publication of WO2008152060A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008152060A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/80—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted
    • G01F1/84—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/845—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits
    • G01F1/8468—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits vibrating measuring conduits
    • G01F1/849—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits vibrating measuring conduits having straight measuring conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for measuring and / or
  • At least one flow parameter of a medium which medium flows through at least one measuring tube, wherein the measuring tube is at least temporarily excited by at least one transducer element, which is acted upon by an excitation signal to mechanical vibrations, being received by at least one transducer element, the mechanical vibrations of the measuring tube, and wherein from the transducer element at least one of the mechanical vibrations of the measuring tube corresponding receiving signal is generated.
  • the invention relates to a device for measuring and / or monitoring at least one flow parameter of a medium, which medium flows through at least one measuring tube, with at least one transducer element, which excites the measuring tube at least temporarily to mechanical vibrations, starting from an excitation signal, and at least one Transducer element which receives the mechanical vibrations of the measuring tube and generates a corresponding to the mechanical vibrations of the measuring tube receiving signal.
  • the flow parameter is, for example, the flow rate, the flow rate or the mass flow rate of the medium.
  • the medium is for example a liquid, a gas or generally a fluid which is present in one or more phases.
  • the measuring device is a meter tube or a two-meter tube system.
  • Coriolis meter which has two vibration exciters and a centrally arranged vibration receiver. By deposition or abrasion processes or by extraordinary parameters of the medium or the processes occurring, it can cause changes to the vibration exciters, or to the vibration receiver and thus to a loss of measurement accuracy come. Furthermore, asymmetries in the vibration excitation or associated measurement uncertainties in the vibration detection can occur.
  • the document WO 2006/036139 A1 describes a Coriolis meter, which has two vibration exciters and two vibration receivers mounted parallel thereto. In order to determine specific vibration variables of the measuring tube, the two vibration exciters are operated alternately. Either one or the other thus stimulates the measuring tube to oscillate. The vibrations occurring in each case are absorbed by the vibration receiver.
  • vibration converter which serve both the excitation of vibrations, as well as their detection (DE 103 51 310 A1).
  • the associated electronics for controlling the converter is in a special task, i. either designed for excitement or detection.
  • transducer elements which consist of piezoelectric material is described for example in the not yet published application DE 10 2005 059 070.
  • the invention has the object, the measurement of
  • This object is achieved by the invention by a method and a device.
  • the amplitude of the excitation signal of the transducer element is varied over time.
  • the amplitude of the excitation signal is thus not constant in time, but it is varied, ie the power at which the measuring tube is excited by the transducer element to mechanical vibrations is variable over time.
  • the amplitude of the generated vibrations each time-dependent.
  • This variation of the amplitude makes it possible to detect and quantify asymmetries and to take them into account when evaluating the received signals, ie when determining the flow parameter.
  • the reception property of the vibration-receiving transducer elements is varied over time.
  • the gain function for the reception is suitably varied, so that an override of the receiving unit is avoided. For example, when the excitation signal is increased, the gain of the receiving unit is appropriately reduced.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the amplitude of the excitation signal of the transducer element is varied continuously over time.
  • the amplitude changes continuously, i. no hard transitions are provided, but the variation in amplitude is continuous and uniform.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention includes that the measuring tube is at least temporarily excited by at least two transducer elements, which are each acted upon by an excitation signal to mechanical vibrations, and that the amplitudes of the respective excitation signals of the two transducer elements are varied over time.
  • two transducer elements are provided, the two excitation signals are varied over time. If the respective received signals are measured at the two locations of the transducer elements, the asymmetries can be calculated therefrom. The values obtained from this then serve to more accurately determine the flow parameter.
  • the two transducer elements are preferably located along an imaginary longitudinal axis of the measuring tube at different locations.
  • the measuring tube is thus superimposed on two points continuously excited to a vibration in the fundamental mode.
  • the excitation power is oscillating on the two Distributed transducer elements or the associated locations of the measuring tube.
  • This location-modulated excitation generates a continuous measurement-zero-point variation, which results from the different resonance properties when excited at different points on the measuring tube with different transducer elements.
  • the term zero point refers to the phases which result from the constituents of the measuring instrument itself in the received signal and which, if necessary, are subject to drift due to deposits or abrasion or due to process conditions such as, for example, the temperature.
  • Excitation (local) modulation allows the determination of the zero point of the mechanical system and additionally the system of transducer elements. Thus, asymmetries can be considered appropriately.
  • the measured value for the flow parameter is determined independently by evaluating the relative movement of the measuring tube at the two positions of the transducer elements in the frequency range of the mechanical resonance of the measuring system and corrected with the zero point of the mechanical system and the transducer system.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the amplitudes of the respective excitation signals of the two transducer elements are varied continuously over time. Even with two transducer elements thus a discrete and hard transition between the suggestions is avoided.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention includes that the amplitudes of the respective excitation signals of the two transducer elements are varied with a function dependent on a predefinable modulation frequency. Both transducer elements are thus subjected to excitation signals, which are modulated with a mathematical function dependent on a predefinable modulation frequency. Therefore, the variations of the two excitation signals are directly connected to each other, so that therefore the variation of one amplitude with a corresponding variation of the other amplitude accompanied.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the amplitudes of the respective excitation signals of the two transducer elements are varied with a sinusoidal function dependent on the predefinable modulation frequency.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention includes that the amplitudes of the respective excitation signals of the two transducer elements are varied such that the sum of the amplitudes is substantially constant over time.
  • the amplitude of the other excitation signal is correspondingly larger. In other words, the full power of the vibration excitation oscillates between the two transducer elements back and forth.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the modulation frequency of the function with which the amplitudes of the respective excitation signals of the two transducer elements are varied will dictate such that the modulation frequency is less than the frequency of the mechanical vibrations of the measuring tube.
  • the measuring tube is excited to the fundamental, so that the modulation frequency is below the fundamental frequency of the measuring tube.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention includes that the modulation frequency of the function, with which the amplitudes of the respective excitation signals of the two transducer elements are varied, will dictate such that the modulation frequency is greater than the frequency band within which the flow parameter varies. Depending on the medium or the process to which the medium is subjected, changes in the flow parameter may occur. This means that the flow parameter can also be subject to temporal variations. In this embodiment, consideration is given to this fluctuation in that the modulation frequency is higher than the bandwidth of this frequency.
  • the object is achieved for the device in that at least one control unit is provided which varies the amplitude of the excitation signal of the transducer elements in time.
  • the measuring device is thus designed such that a control unit is provided which varies the amplitude of the excitation signal of the transducer element over time, ie the power with which the measuring tube is excited by the transducer element to mechanical vibrations, is not constant over time, but changes over currently.
  • An embodiment of the device according to the invention includes that two transducer elements are provided, which stimulate the measuring tube, at least temporarily starting from each excitation signal to mechanical vibrations, as well as receive the mechanical vibrations of the measuring tube and one corresponding to the mechanical vibrations of the measuring tube Generate receive signal.
  • two transducer elements are provided which serve both the generation of the vibrations and their detection.
  • the transducer elements are mounted in the roots of the measuring tube or the measuring tubes.
  • the attachment in the roots of the measuring tube is particularly advantageous for the embodiment in which the transducer elements consist of piezoelectric elements.
  • at least one transducer element is mounted at the point of highest deflection of the Coriolis vibration mode of the measuring tube. This applies in particular to electrodynamic transducer elements.
  • only two transducer elements are provided. In this case, the invention makes it possible to measure the zero point properties of a measuring system having two excitation points for limited symmetry and to calculate them in the calculation of the Flow parameter, eg the mass flow measured value to be considered.
  • An embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that it is the piezoelectric elements in the two transducer elements.
  • An embodiment of the device includes that the control unit varies the amplitudes of the respective excitation signals of the two transducer elements in time.
  • the amplitudes of the two excitation signals of the two transducer elements are varied over time, i. the vibrations which generate the two transducer elements are superimposed with a modulation of the amplitudes.
  • asymmetries can then be detected and considered accordingly in the determination of the flow parameter.
  • An embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that the control unit varies the amplitudes of the respective excitation signals of the two transducer elements in time with a function dependent on a modulation frequency.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a Coriolis measuring device in a first variant
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a Coriolis measuring device in a second variant
  • Fig. 3 a non-scale representation of the relevant frequencies in the method according to the invention.
  • a measuring tube 1 is shown, through which here, for example, for clarity from left to right the - flows or flows - not shown here - medium.
  • the medium is, for example, a liquid, a gas, a powder, a mixture or, in general, a fluid that can flow.
  • the first transducer element 2 On the input side of the measuring tube 1 is the first transducer element 2, which is for serves to excite the measuring tube 1 to mechanical vibrations.
  • the oscillation generation serves the outlet side, the second transducer element 3.
  • a further transducer element 4 is arranged, via which the mechanical vibrations of the measuring tube 1 are received.
  • the localization of the receiving transducer element 4 is only an example here. In the embodiment shown here, only one measuring tube 1, which is flowed through by the medium, is shown. However, the invention can also be applied to a system with two measuring tubes.
  • the control unit 5 acts on the two exciting transducer elements 2, 3 each with an excitation signal, which is, for example, an alternating electrical current. It takes place with an impressed current excitation and the resulting voltage is then measured. A phase match of current and voltage means that the measurement system resonates.
  • the frequency of the excitation signal preferably corresponds to the frequency of the fundamental vibrations of the measuring tube 1.
  • the amplitude of the excitation signal determines the oscillation amplitude to which the measuring tube 1 is excited by the corresponding transducer element 2, 3.
  • the third transducer element 4 shown here receives the mechanical vibrations of the measuring tube 1 and generates therefrom a received signal, which is usually also an electrical alternating voltage. From the phase difference between the excitation signal and the received signal, the flow parameter, e.g. determine the flow or mass flow of the medium.
  • the measuring tube 1 is excited once on the inlet side and then on the outlet side to vibrate.
  • asymmetric vibrations are generated.
  • the amplitudes of the excitation signals are changed continuously, so that an abrupt behavior of the vibration excitation is avoided.
  • the amplitude of each excitation signal is modulated with a sine function.
  • the two excitation signals are in this way with each other coupled, that a decreasing amplitude is connected at an excitation signal with a correspondingly increasing amplitude of the other excitation signal. The sum of the amplitudes of the two excitation signals is thus constant in time.
  • the embodiment with two excitation transducer elements and a receive transducer element is only an example. It can also be provided more transducer elements with different mounting location.
  • the transducer elements 2, 3 themselves, as well as their mechanical coupling to the measuring tube 1 can not be realized identically in general for the two positions in which they are located. This thus existing coupling asymmetry is just as the measuring tube symmetry itself exposed to the temperature and influenced by drifting mechanical forces. For exact determination of the measuring tube asymmetry, therefore, the zero point properties of the transducer elements must each be determined separately. That It must be determined which phases are thus independent of the influence of the flow parameter, as only thus can be reliably determined which phase of the flow parameters generated in conjunction with the Coriolis effect.
  • the asymmetry is measured.
  • the group delay of the transducer elements has to be measured.
  • such a measurement can take place outside the normal measuring mode or during the measuring mode.
  • at one of the two positions of the two transducer elements 2, 3 a not shown here additional transducer element in the most symmetrical arrangement possible to the existing transducer element.
  • the already existing transducer element 2 or 3 is used for Coupling of the excitation energy according to the described location-modulated method.
  • the additional - not shown here, but located at the same location as the transducer element 2 or 3 - transducer element allows the measurement of the relative group delay over the existing transducer element. It is to the group delay between the sensor signals of the two transducer elements, which are located at the same place, measured, and this for both positions.
  • the relative group delay between two transducers at the same position shows the superposition of the term of the one converter with a modulated duration of the other converter at the same place.
  • the amount of modulation of the superimposed transducer group delay can be determined by demodulation and corresponds to the current duration of the exciting transducer element at the respective position.
  • the transducer group delay per position, i. the respective one
  • Transducer element zero point can be used to determine the exact, mechanically relative movement between the two positions of the transducer elements along the measuring tube 1. In turn, directly from the flow parameters, such as the mass flow can be determined.
  • S 1 is the oscillation amplitude at the transducer position i at time t
  • a 1 the amplitude maximum at the transducer position i, f ( ⁇ the mechanical natural frequency or the resonance frequency of the measuring system and ⁇ , ⁇ f m , d additional phase angle at the transducer position i caused by mechanical asymmetry and excitation locus modulation with / ⁇ n () d .
  • T 12 is the transit time difference between the transducer positions for
  • T fleets the transit time difference, caused by the mass flow of the medium through the measuring tube and 7 ⁇ nod the transit time difference, resulting from the excitation at the two different locations 1 and 2.
  • / mod is the oscillation frequency for the spatial modulation of the excitation.
  • the excitation and reception transducer elements of FIG. 1 have each collapsed to form a transducer element.
  • this variant is more advantageous than that of FIG. 1, since only two transducer elements are used here.
  • the excitation force is impressed on the measuring tube via a current and the deflection is measured via the measured voltage-in the electrodynamic case, the deflection speed.
  • transducer elements are used using piezoelectric transducers, with two transducer elements each being located at the same location relative to a longitudinal axis of the measuring tube in order to compensate for the transit time differences of the transducer elements.
  • the electro-mechanical transducer elements are mounted at two different positions on the measuring tube, for example, especially in the roots of the measuring tube.
  • the introduction of the exciter power and the measurement of the measuring tube movement with two different transducer elements take place at the same position on the measuring tube, wherein the one element performs the excitation function and the other the receiving function.
  • FIG. 2 it is shown that in each case a single transducer element assumes both functions.
  • the electro-mechanical transducer element may be an electro-dynamic coil system or a piezoelectric element.
  • the control unit 5 is also here for a measuring circuit with two
  • the measuring tube 1 as a whole is continuously excited by the transducer elements 2, 3 or by the control unit 5, so that the natural frequency (resonant frequency) of the mechanical system is maintained in the fundamental mode.
  • the excitation power at the two transducer elements 2, 3 on the measuring tube 1 is modulated with a predetermined modulation frequency fmod between zero and the currently required exciter power.
  • the modulation takes place in such a way that the sum of the two exciter powers at both converter elements 2, 3 is not modulated and corresponds to the currently required exciter power, i. the sum of the two amplitudes is constant.
  • the measured value for the flow parameter is thereby determined by utilizing the Coriolis effect from the relative movement between the two positions of the two transducer elements 2, 3. It is specifically the difference of the eigenvector phase angles.
  • a with respect to the excitation modulation mechanical and electrical asymmetry of the transducer system, e.g. by drift, temperature, etc., is expressed in the modulation of the measured value of the flow parameter with the modulation frequency fmod of the excitation.
  • the modulation is due to the fact that in asymmetry between the positions of the two transducer elements 2, 3 different eigenvector phase angles and amplitudes are measured.
  • This "zero point" modulation is thus a measure of the asymmetry of the system of the transducer elements and the measuring tube mechanism.
  • the asymmetry can be measured or calculated by demodulation with the modulation frequency of the amplitudes of the excitation signals. Based on this measured zero point information, the measured value for the flow parameter with respect to the converter-system asymmetry can then be corrected.
  • Fig. 3 is not drawn to scale and purely schematically the ratio of frequencies occurring.
  • the two excitation signals which are applied to the first 2 and the second excitation transducer element 3 in order to excite the measuring tube 1 in the fundamental mode to mechanical vibrations have in this embodiment, the same frequency, which corresponds to the fundamental frequency of the measuring tube 1: fG.
  • the frequency with which the amplitudes of the excitation signals are modulated: fmod is smaller than the fundamental frequency fG.
  • the modulation frequency fmod is higher than the frequency bandwidth Dfs within which the flow parameter can vary.
  • the lowest value of the frequency bandwidth Dfs is 0 Hz, i. the flow parameter is constant.
  • the amplitude and even the phase position of the mechanical zero point can be determined.
  • Coriolis phase difference which is proportional to the mass flow, superimposed with the zero-point modulation frequency. This can be filtered from the measured value. The separated
  • Zero Point Displacement Amplitude is a measure of the rigidity of the mechanical system and can be used as an independent measure for other compensation and monitoring purposes (eg for density, viscosity, abrasion, etc.).

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour mesurer et/ou surveiller au moins un paramètre d'écoulement d'un fluide, lequel traverse un tube de mesure (1), ce dernier pouvant être excité par vibrations mécaniques, au moins temporairement par au moins un élément (2, 3) transducteur, ce dernier pouvant être soumis à un signal d'excitation. Au moins un élément transducteur (4) reçoit les vibrations mécaniques du tube de mesure (1) et au moins un signal de réception correspondant aux vibrations mécaniques du tube de mesure (1) est produit par l'élément transducteur (4). Selon l'invention, l'amplitude du signal d'excitation de l'élément transducteur (2, 3) varie dans le temps. L'invention concerne, de plus, un dispositif correspondant.
PCT/EP2008/057295 2007-06-15 2008-06-11 Procédé pour mesurer et/ou surveiller un paramètre d'écoulement et dispositif correspondant WO2008152060A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007028209A DE102007028209A1 (de) 2007-06-15 2007-06-15 Verfahren zur Messung und/oder Überwachung eines Strömungsparameters und entsprechende Vorrichtung
DE102007028209.7 2007-06-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008152060A1 true WO2008152060A1 (fr) 2008-12-18

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PCT/EP2008/057295 WO2008152060A1 (fr) 2007-06-15 2008-06-11 Procédé pour mesurer et/ou surveiller un paramètre d'écoulement et dispositif correspondant

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DE (1) DE102007028209A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008152060A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8915147B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2014-12-23 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Method for operating a resonance measuring system
CN107850479A (zh) * 2015-07-27 2018-03-27 高准公司 用于科里奥利流量计的非共振循环
US10788348B2 (en) 2015-07-27 2020-09-29 Micro Motion, Inc. Method of determining the left eigenvectors in a flowing Coriolis flowmeter
CN113776659A (zh) * 2021-11-11 2021-12-10 枣庄高新区立正安装工程有限公司 一种通风系统机械振动测试装置

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3923409A1 (de) * 1989-07-14 1991-01-24 Danfoss As Nach dem coriolis-prinzip arbeitendes massendurchfluss-messgeraet
US5907104A (en) * 1995-12-08 1999-05-25 Direct Measurement Corporation Signal processing and field proving methods and circuits for a coriolis mass flow meter
DE10002635A1 (de) * 2000-01-21 2001-08-02 Krohne Ag Basel Massendurchflußmeßgerät
GB2379507A (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-03-12 Danfoss As Coriolis mass flow measuring apparatus using transducers that operate as both generators and detectors
EP1530030A2 (fr) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-11 ABB PATENT GmbH Dispositif et procédé de fonctionnement d'un débitmètre massique de Coriolis
WO2006036139A1 (fr) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-06 Micro Motion, Inc. Determination du debit des vecteurs propres gauche et droit dans un debitmetre de coriolis

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10322763A1 (de) * 2003-05-19 2004-12-09 Helios + Zaschel Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Messung eines Massestroms
DE102005034749A1 (de) 2004-07-29 2006-03-23 Krohne Ag Coriolis-Massendurchflussmessgerät und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Coriolis-Massendurchflussmessgeräts
DE102005059070A1 (de) 2005-12-08 2007-06-14 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Meßaufnehmer von Vibrationstyp

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3923409A1 (de) * 1989-07-14 1991-01-24 Danfoss As Nach dem coriolis-prinzip arbeitendes massendurchfluss-messgeraet
US5907104A (en) * 1995-12-08 1999-05-25 Direct Measurement Corporation Signal processing and field proving methods and circuits for a coriolis mass flow meter
DE10002635A1 (de) * 2000-01-21 2001-08-02 Krohne Ag Basel Massendurchflußmeßgerät
GB2379507A (en) * 2001-08-10 2003-03-12 Danfoss As Coriolis mass flow measuring apparatus using transducers that operate as both generators and detectors
EP1530030A2 (fr) * 2003-10-31 2005-05-11 ABB PATENT GmbH Dispositif et procédé de fonctionnement d'un débitmètre massique de Coriolis
WO2006036139A1 (fr) * 2004-09-27 2006-04-06 Micro Motion, Inc. Determination du debit des vecteurs propres gauche et droit dans un debitmetre de coriolis

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8915147B2 (en) 2010-11-19 2014-12-23 Krohne Messtechnik Gmbh Method for operating a resonance measuring system
CN107850479A (zh) * 2015-07-27 2018-03-27 高准公司 用于科里奥利流量计的非共振循环
US20180209831A1 (en) * 2015-07-27 2018-07-26 Micro Motion, Inc. Off-resonance cycling for coriolis flowmeters
US10788348B2 (en) 2015-07-27 2020-09-29 Micro Motion, Inc. Method of determining the left eigenvectors in a flowing Coriolis flowmeter
US10890473B2 (en) 2015-07-27 2021-01-12 Micro Motion, Inc. Off-resonance cycling for coriolis flowmeters
CN113776659A (zh) * 2021-11-11 2021-12-10 枣庄高新区立正安装工程有限公司 一种通风系统机械振动测试装置

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