WO2008151486A1 - Intelligent protection system for dynamo group thermal control - Google Patents

Intelligent protection system for dynamo group thermal control Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008151486A1
WO2008151486A1 PCT/CN2007/003433 CN2007003433W WO2008151486A1 WO 2008151486 A1 WO2008151486 A1 WO 2008151486A1 CN 2007003433 W CN2007003433 W CN 2007003433W WO 2008151486 A1 WO2008151486 A1 WO 2008151486A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
link
signal
protection
instruction
intelligent
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PCT/CN2007/003433
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Weizhong Feng
Original Assignee
Shanghai Waigaoqiao No. 3 Power Generation Co. Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by Shanghai Waigaoqiao No. 3 Power Generation Co. Ltd filed Critical Shanghai Waigaoqiao No. 3 Power Generation Co. Ltd
Priority to EP20070845795 priority Critical patent/EP2175388B1/en
Publication of WO2008151486A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008151486A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B9/00—Safety arrangements
    • G05B9/02—Safety arrangements electric

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of thermal control of power plants, and in particular to a thermal control intelligent protection system applied to a large generator set.
  • the thermal protection system is a system used to protect the safety of the unit equipment from serious damage, including the furnace safety monitoring system, the turbine emergency trip system, the sequential trip system, the auxiliary machine and the bypass interlock protection system.
  • the early thermal control system used a separate instrument control method, which was characterized by the fact that the components of each control system were relatively dispersed, the control loops were independent of each other, and the control system was slow to process. As the scale and complexity of the power plant increased, this kind of The control method is gradually eliminated because it cannot guarantee the safe, stable, economic and coordinated operation of the entire production process.
  • DCS Distributed Control System
  • the design of the protection principle is static, based on the individual measurement signals, using simple logic operations. , the protection order is generated, and the protection misoperation and the refusal are not considered and further processed.
  • Figure 1 shows the schematic diagram of the prior art protection system, which is first collected from the process.
  • the field's thermal parameters measure the signal, after which the main signal is used as a protection signal for the protection system, and other signals are used for non-protection systems.
  • the thermal control system has complex functions and diverse projects.
  • the interlocking and protection functions of the main and auxiliary machines are very complicated and complete. Control work, including thermal control professional design, software configuration, system installation, commissioning, operation, maintenance, etc., puts high demands on it.
  • the probability that the protection system may go wrong from signal generation to action execution is greatly increased. Therefore, protection against misoperation or refusal is more likely to occur.
  • the thermal protection system ensures the safety of the equipment through the protection action.
  • excessive protection malfunctions will also have a very adverse impact on the safety and economic operation of the unit.
  • the thermal protection system should prevent refusal and reduce misuse as much as possible. Summary of the invention
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a thermal control protection system that further improves its intelligence and reliability on the basis of ensuring the reliability of the existing protection system.
  • the present invention provides a thermal control intelligent protection system, comprising the following steps: Step one, between the measurement signals of different thermal protection parameters in the existing control system and other related thermal parameter measurement signals Setting a matching relationship between the main signal and the supporting signal; connecting the existing protection system signal in the existing control system to an intelligent judging unit, where the intelligent judging unit includes at least a delay link, an intelligent judgment link, and an instruction processing link;
  • Step 2 Simultaneously transmitting the collected main signal to the existing protection system of the existing control system and the intelligent judgment link; and sending the acknowledged signal collected to the intelligent judgment link;
  • Step 3 When the existing protection system does not issue a protection command, the intelligent judgment link verifies the authenticity of the main signal by using a corroboration signal, and outputs a protection rejection prompt signal when verifying that the main signal is false
  • the instruction processing step after receiving the protection rejection prompt signal, the instruction processing link outputs a protection instruction corresponding to the main signal to an execution loop according to the content of the main signal; step four, in the existing When the protection system issues a protection command according to the main signal, first enters a delay link, and the delay link is used to delay output of the protection instruction; after the delay is over, the protection instruction is sent to the instruction processing Link
  • the intelligent judging section uses the supporting signal to verify the authenticity of the main signal; if the main signal is false when the verification result is false, the intelligent judging section outputs a protection misoperation prompt signal to the instruction processing link. Simultaneously terminating the protection instruction output from the existing protection system received by the instruction processing link;
  • the smart judgment link If the main signal is true, the smart judgment link outputs a protection action correct prompt signal to the instruction processing link; the instruction processing link outputs the protection command from the existing protection system to the execution loop .
  • the intelligent determination unit is implemented in the existing control system and is coupled to the protection system signal of the existing control system.
  • the smart judging unit further includes a signal authentication step, where the corroboration signal is a plurality of signals from different signal sources; and the plurality of the corroboration signals collected in the second step are first sent to the signal
  • the signal identification link determines whether the supporting signal is in error according to a preset rule, and sends the correct supporting signal to the intelligent judgment link.
  • the collected main signal is sent to the existing protection system, and the collected evidence is sent to the intelligent judgment link;
  • the intelligent judgment step first reads the collected main signal into the existing protection system.
  • the intelligent judging unit further connects a human-machine dialogue link between the intelligent judging link and the instruction processing link;
  • the step 3 is: when the existing protection system does not issue a protection instruction, the intelligent judgment link verifies the authenticity of the main signal by using a corroboration signal, and outputs protection when the main signal of the verification result is false Resetting the prompt signal to the human-machine dialogue link; after receiving the prompt signal from the intelligent judgment link, the human-machine dialogue link pops up the monitoring interface and accepts an input operation instruction, and the instruction processing link receives And outputting the corresponding protection instruction to the execution loop after the operation instruction from the human-machine dialogue link;
  • step 4 if the main signal is false, the smart judgment link outputs a protection error prompt signal to the human-machine dialogue link; if the main signal is true when the verification result is true, the smart Determining the link output protection action correct prompt signal to the human-machine dialogue link;
  • the human-machine dialogue link pops up the monitoring interface and accepts the input operation instruction
  • the instruction processing link After the instruction processing link receives the protection instruction of the existing protection system from the delay link and the operation instruction from the human-machine dialogue link, the first priority is obtained according to the order priority principle.
  • the corresponding protection instruction is output to the execution loop;
  • the modern large-scale unit is a multi-parameter, multi-variable, strong-correlation, multi-interference control object, and any one of the thermal parameters is not isolated, but is associated with other thermal parameters. Sex.
  • the vacuum degree of the condenser is inevitably related to the exhaust steam temperature of the low pressure cylinder and the extraction pressure of the final stage of the steam turbine: If the vacuum degree is lowered, the exhaust steam temperature of the low pressure cylinder and the extraction pressure of the final stage of the steam turbine will increase. .
  • the boiler economizer outlet feed water flow and the total boiler feed water flow, the water wall exit temperature, the economizer inlet and the outlet differential pressure are necessarily related: If the flow rate of the economizer outlet water supply is greatly reduced, the total flow rate of the boiler feed water will be correspondingly reduced, the temperature of the water wall outlet will rise rapidly, and the differential pressure between the inlet and outlet of the economizer will be significantly reduced.
  • the working principle of verifying the authenticity of the main signal by the supporting signal proposed in the protection system of the present invention is based on the above-mentioned technical common sense, and the measurement signal of the thermal parameter that will trigger the protection action is defined as the "main signal", which is used for verification.
  • the measurement signal of the associated thermal parameter of the "main signal” is defined as the "corroboration signal”, and a matching correlation is established between the main signal and the corroborating signal, making full use of many "corresponding signals” in the existing control system. Verify the authenticity of the associated "main signal” to further reduce the probability of protection misoperation or rejection based on ensuring the reliability of the existing protection system.
  • the protection system of the invention mainly comprises a delay link, an intelligent judgment link, an instruction processing link and the like.
  • the added intelligent judging unit mainly uses the above-mentioned corroboration signal to verify the working principle of the main signal authenticity to judge whether the protection instruction is malfunctioning, or judges whether it is a refusal when the protection instruction is not received, and completes the unit by using the existing protection system.
  • the protection function further enhances the intelligent protection of the unit.
  • the present invention can also add a human-machine dialogue link, display the cause analysis of each protection action when the monitoring interface is popped up, and prompt the corresponding operation instruction, which overcomes the passiveness of the prior art monitoring of the production process.
  • the protection system of the invention can meet the real-time requirements of the thermal protection protection system and not affect the reliability of the existing protection system, and prolong the operation life of the unit and improve the safety of the unit by significantly reducing the number of protection misoperations and refusals. Economic benefits have improved the stability of the grid.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a prior art protection system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the protection system of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a working flow chart of the intelligent judgment link in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a flow chart of the operation of the signal identification link of Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart of the operation of the instruction processing section of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of yet another embodiment of the protection system of the present invention. detailed description
  • a first embodiment of the present invention is a condenser vacuum intelligent protection system, and a block diagram of the protection system of the present invention is shown in FIG.
  • the step of applying the intelligent protection system of the invention to the condenser vacuum intelligent protection system comprises the following steps: Step 1.
  • Step 1 the vacuum degree of the vacuum system condenser and the exhaust steam temperature of the low pressure cylinder, the extraction pressure of the final stage of the steam turbine, etc. Strong correlation: The reduction of vacuum will inevitably lead to an increase in the exhaust steam temperature of the low pressure cylinder and the extraction pressure of the final stage of the steam turbine.
  • the selected main signal is a vacuum measurement value signal
  • the certification signals are the low pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature and the final steam extraction pressure of the turbine. '
  • the function of the intelligent judgment unit is to verify the operation principle of the authenticity of the main signal by using the above-mentioned corroboration signal, and judge whether the protection command is a malfunction, a rejection or a normal action.
  • the signal connection refers to the transmission and flow of electrical signals between the intelligent judging unit and the existing protection system by using a prior art means, and the signal connection includes a conventional method such as a wired connection, a wireless connection, or the like. .
  • the intelligent judging unit belongs to the existing control system, and together with the existing protection system, constitutes the thermal control intelligent protection system of the embodiment, including a delay link, a signal identification link, an intelligent judgment link, and a human-machine dialogue link. , instruction processing links, etc.
  • the intelligent decision unit can also be completely independent of the existing control system, as long as it maintains signal continuity with the existing protection system to implement subsequent steps.
  • Step 2 Send the collected vacuum measurement signals to the existing protection system and the above intelligent judgment link, and send the two supporting signals of the low pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature and the final steam extraction pressure of the steam turbine to the intelligent judgment link.
  • Figure 3 shows the workflow diagram of the intelligent judgment link. In order to improve the reliability of the supporting signal, the two supporting signals of the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature and the final steam extraction pressure of the steam turbine come from different signal sources.
  • the two heterogeneous supporting signals collected by the protection system are first sent to a signal identification link, and the signal identification link is used to identify whether the acquired supporting signal is in error, as shown in FIG. 4, the preset rules are as follows: : If a certain supporting signal i is abnormal or over-limit according to the prior art, the rest The corroboration signal is normal according to the prior art, or vice versa. If the accreditation signal i is normal according to the prior art, and the other corroboration signals are abnormal or over-limit according to the prior art, the signal identification link identifies the The supporting signal i is incorrect; otherwise, all supporting signals are considered correct. The signal identification link sends the supporting signals to the intelligent judgment link according to the "correct" and "error".
  • the intelligent judgment link uses the "correct” signal to prove the main signal. For the signal that has been "error”, it prompts to check or replace. This signal.
  • the signal identification link determines whether the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature and the final steam extraction pressure of the steam turbine are in error according to the preset rule, and sends the correct signal to the intelligent judgment link, and presses the error signal according to the "error”.
  • the class output error prompts to the human-machine dialogue.
  • Step 3 When the existing protection system does not issue a protection instruction, the intelligent judgment link uses the above two supporting signals to verify the authenticity of the main signal vacuum measurement value signal. If the vacuum measurement value signal output is normal at this time, and the low pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature and the final stage steam extraction pressure are abnormal or have exceeded the limit, the intelligent judgment link can judge the working principle of the main signal according to the corroboration signal to judge the main function at this time.
  • the signal vacuum measurement value signal is a false signal, and a protection rejection prompt signal is output to the human-machine dialogue link.
  • the role of the human-machine dialogue link is to present the process, results and prompts of its analysis and judgment on the monitoring screen after analyzing and judging the intelligent judgment link.
  • the man-machine dialogue link pops up the monitoring interface.
  • the operation prompt content is: "The condenser vacuum is normal, but the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature and the final steam extraction pressure of the steam turbine. There have been a number of abnormalities in the parameters, so the condenser vacuum value is false, please pay close attention, can start the protection action!
  • the man-machine dialogue link receives the input "operational protection" operation instruction, the instruction is sent to the instruction processing link, and the instruction processing link issues a protection instruction corresponding to the main signal to the execution loop according to the main signal content, and the execution loop performs corresponding protection.
  • the command that is, the device trips, allows the protection system to overcome the refusal and protect the safety of the unit.
  • the protection instructions mentioned in this article are general concepts, including device action class instructions and device non-action class instructions.
  • the device action type instruction includes the above-mentioned "commissioning protection” and “delay protection”
  • the device non-operation type instruction includes the above "unprotection”.
  • the instruction processing thread logically processes protection commands from the human-machine dialogue link and from the delay link according to the order priority or the human-machine dialogue priority principle. When the man-machine dialogue link does not output the protection command, the instruction processing link of the intelligent protection system outputs the protection command of the existing protection system to the execution loop.
  • Step 4 When the existing protection system issues a protection command, the protection system first enters the delay link.
  • the delay link is used to delay the output of the protection command; after the delay is over, the existing protection system sends the protection instruction to the instruction processing.
  • the intelligent judgment link can judge the operation principle of verifying the authenticity of the main signal according to the corroboration signal.
  • the main signal vacuum measurement value signal is a false signal, and the protection misoperation prompt signal is sent to the human-machine dialogue link. After receiving the protection misoperation prompt signal, the man-machine dialogue link pops up the monitoring interface.
  • the operation prompt content is: "The condensing steam has been pre-warmed, but the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature and the final steam extraction pressure of the steam turbine are normal. Therefore, the vacuum value of the condenser is false, please pay close attention, you can release the protection! If the actual monitoring situation of the human-machine dialogue is as described in the operation prompts, you can choose "unprotection” to prevent protection from being mishandled. If the actual monitoring of the human-machine dialogue is not the case, you should not remove the protection.
  • Protection protection protection immediately action, or choose not to act, after the delay time to protect the self-action, at this time only one omission may be missed; if the human-machine dialogue needs more time to make judgment, then you can choose " Delay protection” to increase the set time of the delay link (the total set time must meet the process requirements).
  • the instruction processing link receives the operation instruction from the man-machine dialogue link and the protection instruction of the existing protection system from the delay link, and outputs the corresponding protection instruction to the execution loop according to the principle of order priority; the instruction processing link is at the same time Receiving the operation instruction from the man-machine dialogue link and the protection instruction of the existing protection system from the delay link, according to the principle of the priority of the human-machine dialogue link, the corresponding protection instruction is output to the execution loop, and the execution loop executes the corresponding protection instruction.
  • the main signal is a dummy signal at this time, so the device will not operate, that is, the device does not trip, and the misoperation is overcome.
  • the intelligent judgment link can verify the authenticity of the main signal according to the corroboration signal. It is judged that the signal of the main signal vacuum measurement value is a true signal at this time, and the intelligent judgment link outputs a correct action signal to the human-machine dialogue link. After receiving the correct prompt signal from the intelligent judgment link, the man-machine dialogue link pops up the monitoring interface.
  • the operation prompt content is: "The condenser vacuum has been pre-warned, and the low-pressure cylinder exhaust steam temperature and the final steam extraction pressure of the steam turbine.
  • the parameters are also abnormal, so the condenser vacuum value is true, please pay close attention, no need to unprotect!. If the actual monitoring of the human-machine dialogue is as described in the operation prompts, you can select "Operational Protection".
  • the instruction processing link receives the operation instruction from the man-machine dialogue link and the protection instruction of the existing protection system from the delay link, and outputs the corresponding protection instruction to the execution loop according to the principle of order priority; the instruction processing link is at the same time Receiving the operation instruction from the man-machine dialogue link and the protection instruction of the existing protection system from the delay link, according to the principle of the priority of the human-machine dialogue link, the corresponding protection instruction is output to the execution loop, and the execution loop executes the corresponding protection instruction.
  • the main signal is a true signal at this time, so the device will operate normally and the device will trip.
  • the intelligent protection system of the present invention reduces the misoperation of the protection system and reduces the probability of refusal without affecting the reliability of the existing protection system. Therefore, the intelligent protection system of the present invention improves the intelligence of the existing protection system, but does not reduce its original reliability.
  • the collected vacuum measurement value signal may also be sent only to the existing protection system, and the intelligent judgment link is read when needed.
  • the above implementation method does not affect the effects of the practice of the present invention.
  • the source of the corroboration signal is not limited to a plurality of signals from different sources, and may be selected according to actual conditions.
  • the signal with strong correlation with the main signal but high measurement independence is used as a supporting signal to improve the independence and accuracy of the signal.
  • a second embodiment of the present invention is a boiler water shutoff intelligent protection system.
  • the economizer outlet feed water flow is usually used as the main signal.
  • the boiler economizer outlet feed water flow and boiler feed water total flow, water wall outlet temperature, economizer inlet and outlet difference are known.
  • pressure and pressure There must be a strong correlation between pressure and pressure: If the flow rate of the economizer outlet water supply is greatly reduced, the total flow of boiler feed water will be correspondingly reduced, the outlet temperature of the water wall will increase rapidly, and the differential pressure of the economizer inlet and outlet will be significantly reduced.
  • the main signal is the economizer outlet water supply flow signal
  • the supporting signal is the total boiler feed water flow rate and water wall in the existing control system.
  • the boiler water shutoff intelligent protection system includes:
  • Step 1 setting a matching relationship between the main signal and the supporting signal between the measurement signals of different thermal protection parameters in the existing control system and the other related thermal parameter measurement signals;
  • the main signal is the economizer
  • the outlet water supply flow signal is the main signal of the boiler feed water, the water wall outlet temperature, the economizer inlet and the outlet differential pressure measurement signal in the existing control system.
  • Step 2 The existing control system transmits the collected economizer outlet water flow signal to the existing protection system, and collects the collected boiler feed water total flow rate, water wall exhaust temperature, economizer inlet and outlet differential pressure measurement signal transmission.
  • the signal identification step determines whether the boiler feed water total flow rate, the water wall outlet temperature, the economizer inlet and the outlet differential pressure measurement signal are in error according to the same preset rule as the first embodiment, and sends the correct signal to the intelligent judgment.
  • the error signal is output to the human-machine dialog by pressing the error message.
  • Step 3 When the existing protection system does not issue a protection command, the intelligent judgment link reads the correct signal in the signal identification link, and uses the boiler feed water total flow rate, the water wall exhaust temperature, the economizer inlet and the outlet differential pressure measurement signal.
  • the corroboration signal verifies the authenticity of the water flow signal of the main signal economizer outlet. If the main signal economizer outlet water supply flow signal is not exceeded at this time, and the boiler feed water total flow, water wall outlet temperature, economizer inlet and outlet differential pressure measurement signals are all abnormal or have exceeded the limit, the intelligent judgment link is based on corroboration.
  • the working principle of the signal verification main signal is judged to be a false signal at the main signal economizer outlet water supply flow signal at this time, and then the intelligent judgment link output protection refusal operation prompts to the human-machine dialogue link, and the human-machine dialogue link pops up the monitoring interface.
  • the operation hints are as follows: "The water supply flow rate of the economizer is normal, but the total flow of the boiler feed water is too low. The abnormal pressure of the economizer inlet and outlet and the temperature rise of the water outlet outlet are large. Therefore, the measured value of the feed water flow rate at this time is False, the actual water supply flow is low and needs to trip.
  • the man-machine dialogue link accepts the input operation command according to the actual observation situation, and the instruction processing link outputs the operation instruction from the man-machine dialogue cycle to the execution loop, and the execution loop executes the corresponding protection instruction. Since the system is refusing at this time, the action command at the command processing step causes the device to trip, overcoming the refusal.
  • Step 4 When the existing protection system issues a protection command, the protection system first enters the delay link. If The main signal economizer outlet water flow signal has a low flow alarm, but the boiler feed water total flow, water wall outlet temperature, economizer inlet and outlet differential pressure measurement signals are not abnormal, and the intelligent judgment link can verify the main signal according to the corroboration signal. The working principle of authenticity judges that the main signal economizer outlet water supply signal is a false signal, the intelligent judgment link outputs the protection misoperation prompt signal to the human-machine dialogue link, and the man-machine dialogue link pops up the monitoring interface.
  • the operation prompt content is: The low flow rate of the economizer outlet water supply has been early warning.
  • the man-machine dialogue link is sent to the instruction processing link after receiving the input operation instruction.
  • the instruction processing link receives the operation instruction from the man-machine dialogue link and the protection instruction of the existing protection system from the delay link, and outputs the corresponding protection instruction to the execution loop according to the principle of sequential priority; Receiving the operation instruction from the man-machine dialogue link and the protection instruction of the existing protection system from the delay link, according to the principle of the priority of the human-machine dialogue link, the corresponding protection instruction is output to the execution loop, and the execution loop executes the corresponding protection instruction.
  • the main signal is a dummy signal at this time, so the device will not operate, that is, the device does not trip, and the misoperation is overcome.
  • the intelligent judgment link can verify the authenticity of the main signal according to the corroboration signal.
  • the working principle judges that the main signal boiler economizer outlet water flow is a true signal at this time, the intelligent judgment link output protection action prompts the signal to the human-machine dialogue link, and the man-machine dialogue link pops up the monitoring interface.
  • the operation prompt content is: The outlet water supply flow rate has been pre-warned.
  • the man-machine dialogue link is sent to the instruction processing link after accepting the input operation instruction.
  • the instruction processing link receives the operation instruction from the man-machine dialogue link and the protection instruction of the existing protection system from the delay link, and outputs the corresponding protection instruction to the execution loop according to the principle of sequential priority; Receiving the operation instruction from the man-machine dialogue link and the protection instruction of the existing protection system from the delay link, according to the principle of the priority of the human-machine dialogue link, the corresponding protection instruction is output to the execution loop, and the execution loop executes the corresponding protection instruction.
  • the system output is actually a correct instruction, the device will execute the protection command of the existing protection system and operate normally.
  • the boiler water shut-off intelligent protection system of the invention utilizes the boiler feed water total flow rate, the water-cooled wall outlet temperature, the economizer inlet and the outlet differential pressure measurement signal in the existing control system to judge the authenticity of the economizer outlet water supply flow signal, and then judge Protection is a malfunction, refusal or normal action, which reduces the probability of refusal of the existing protection system, reduces the number of misoperations, and also ensures the reliability of the existing protection system.
  • the intelligent judging unit also sets a "logical OR" link at the end closest to the execution loop.
  • the intelligent judgment link can send a protection command output directly to the "logic OR” link, and the "logic OR” link also accepts the protection command output from the instruction processing link, and the protection command for the above two outputs is being made. Logically or "after processing, send to the execution loop.
  • the intelligent protection system of the invention can also be applied to other protection fields of the heat generating unit, and thus has broad application prospects.

Description

机组热控智能保护系统 技术领域
本发明涉及发电厂热工控制领域， 尤其涉及一种应用于大型发电机组的热 控智能保护系统。 技术背景
大型发电机组一旦发生事故， 不仅影响电能的正常生产， 给电网造成巨大 损失，而且往往会损坏电厂设备。热控保护系统就是用来保护机组设备的安全， 使其不发生严重损坏的系统，主要包括炉膛安全监控系统、汽机紧急跳闸系统、 顺序跳闸系统、 辅机及旁路的联锁保护系统等。
早期的热控保护系统釆用分列仪表控制方式， 其特点是各控制系统元件比 较分散， 控制回路间彼此独立， 控制系统处理速度慢， 随着发电厂生产规模和 复杂程度不断提升， 这种控制方式因不能保证整个生产过程安全、 稳定、 经济 和协调运行而渐被淘汰。
随着计算机和通信技术的发展， 随后人们开始将热控保护纳入分散控制系 统 （DCS ) 中加以实现。 DCS发展至今已经历了四代： 一、 二两代 DCS系统 CPU 处理速度较慢， 内存容量较小， 系统信息量也不充足， 保护系统逻辑量的多少 会直接影响 CPU的处理速度， 进而影响保护动作的正确性和实时响应性； 三、 四两代 DCS系统 CPU处理速度快， 内存容量也足够大， 系统信息全面、 准确、 实时， 保护系统逻辑量的多少对其性能影响甚微。
然而， 对于热控保护系统， 无论从早期的分列仪表实现方式还是到现在的 •DCS实现方式， 其在保护原理设计上是一成不变的， 都是根据个别的测点信号， 采用简单的逻辑运算， 产生保护指令， 而对保护误动情况和拒动情况并未作深 入考虑及进一步处理。
如图 1所示为现有技术的保护系统的原理图， 该系统首先采集来自工艺现 场的热工参数测量信号， 其后将主信号用做保护系统的保护信号， 其他信号用 于非保护系统。但该类保护系统在实际作业中，保护误动或拒动情况时有发生。 特别是在现代大型机组 （尤其是超临界、 超超临界机组） 中， 热控保护系统功 能复杂且项目具有多样性， 其主、 辅机的联锁、 保护功能非常复杂及齐全， 这 对热控工作， 包括热控专业设计、 软件组态、 系统安装、 调试、 运行、 维护等 提出了很高的要求， 同时， 保护系统从信号发生至动作执行的各环节可能出错 的概率也大为增加， 因而保护误动或拒动情况更易发生。 像机组主燃料跳闸
( MFT ) 这样的全局性保护， 若经常 （误） 动作， 对小容量机组的影响相对有 限， 但对大型的、 尤其是超临界的机组， 将产生明显的管道蒸汽侧氧化皮脱落 及汽轮机叶片固体颗粒侵蚀 （SPE) 等问题， 轻则会明显降低汽轮机的内效率， 热耗率增加， 效率达不到设计要求， 重则会危及锅炉及汽轮机调节级或高中压 缸第一级的安全。 而对超超临界机组， 由于其蒸汽温度高达 600 °C， 锅炉及主、 再热蒸汽管道的蒸汽氧化问题将更甚于以往 540°C /566°C等级的机组。
现代大型机组一旦跳机， 不仅降低电厂本身的经济效益， 同时往往会引发 诸多设备故障， 进一步延误机组的恢复， 另外， 也会对电网造成重大冲击， 带 来不良的社会影响。 而对于保护拒动情况， 虽然在机组热控保护系统中只是偶 尔发生， 但由于其后果的严重性， 一般是不允许发生的。 一旦出现保护拒动， 则极可能造成电厂设备的严重损坏， 甚至会带来人员伤害， 因此， 保护拒动情 况一定要杜绝。 '
由此看出， 热控保护系统通过保护动作来确保设备的安全， 然而， 过多的 保护误动作也会给机组安全、 经济运行带来非常不利的影响， 其中， 尤其以上 述 MFT保护系统为典型代表。 因此， 热控保护系统应尽可能杜绝拒动， 减少误 动。 发明内容
有鉴于现有技术的上述缺陷， 本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种在确 保现有保护系统可靠性的基础上， 进一步提高其智能性、 可靠性的热控保护系 统。 为实现上述目的， 本发明提供了一种热控智能保护系统， 包括以下步骤： 步骤一， 在现有控制系统中的不同热工保护参数的测量信号与其它相关联 热工参数测量信号之间设定主信号及佐证信号匹配关系； 将所述现有控制系统 中的现有保护系统信号连接一智能判断单元， 所述智能判断单元至少包括延时 环节、 智能判断环节和指令处理环节；
步骤二， 将釆集到的所述主信号同时发送到所述现有控制系统的现有保护 系统和所述智能判断环节； 将釆集到的所述佐证信号发送到所述智能判断环 节；
步骤三， 在所述现有保护系统不发出保护指令时， 所述智能判断环节利用 佐证信号验证所述主信号的真伪， 并在验证所述主信号为假时输出保护拒动提 示信号至所述指令处理环节； 所述指令处理环节接收到所述保护拒动提示信号 后根据所述主信号的内容输出与所述主信号对应的保护指令至执行回路； 步骤四， 在所述现有保护系统根据所述主信号发出一保护指令时， 首先进 入延时环节， 所述延时环节用于延迟所述保护指令的输出； 延时结束后， 将所 述保护指令发送到所述指令处理环节；
同时， 所述智能判断环节利用所述佐证信号来验证所述主信号的真伪； 若验证结果所述主信号为假时， 所述智能判断环节输出保护误动提示信号 至所述指令处理环节； 同时终止所述指令处理环节接受到的来自所述现有保护 系统的所述保护指令输出；
若验证结果所述主信号为真时， 所述智能判断环节输出保护动作正确提示 信号至所述指令处理环节； 所述指令处理环节输出来自所述现有保护系统的所 述保护指令至执行回路。
较佳地， 所述智能判断单元是在所述现有控制系统中加以实现， 并将其与 所述现有控制系统的保护系统信号连接。
较佳地， 所述智能判断单元还包括一信号鉴定环节， 所述佐证信号为多个 来自不同信号源的信号； 所述步骤二中采集到的多个所述佐证信号先输送到所 述信号鉴定环节， 所述信号鉴定环节根据预设的规则判断所述佐证信号是否出 错， 并将正确的所述佐证信号发送到所述智能判断环节。 较佳地， 在所述步骤二中， 将采集到的所述主信号发送到所述现有保护系 统中， 将采集到的所述佐证信号发送到所述智能判断环节； 所述步骤三、 四中， 所述智能判断环节首先到所述现有保护系统中读取釆集到的所述主信号。
较佳地， 所述智能判断单元在所述智能判断环节与所述指令处理环节之间 还连接有一人机对话环节；
所述步骤三为， 在所述现有保护系统不发出保护指令时， 所述智能判断环 节利用佐证信号验证所述主信号的真伪， 并在验证结果所述主信号为假时， 输 出保护拒动提示信号至所述人机对话环节； 所述人机对话环节在接收到来自所 述智能判断环节的提示信号后， 弹出监控界面并可接受输入的操作指令， 所述 指令处理环节接收到来自所述人机对话环节的所述操作指令后输出相应保护 指令至执行回路；
所述步骤四中， 若验证结果所述主信号为假时， 所述智能判断环节输出保 护误动提示信号至所述人机对话环节； 若验证结果所述主信号为真时， 所述智 能判断环节输出保护动作正确提示信号至所述人机对话环节；
所述人机对话环节接收到来自所述智能判断环节的提示信号后， 弹出监控 界面并可接受输入的操作指令；
当所述指令处理环节先后接收到来自所述延时环节的所述现有保护系统 的所述保护指令和来自所述人机对话环节的所述操作指令后， 按顺序优先原则 将先到达的相应保护指令输出至执行回路；
当所述指令处理环节同时接收到来自所述延时环节的所述现有保护系统 的所述保护指令和来自所述人机对话环节的所述操作指令后， 按人机对话环节 优先原则将相应保护指令输出至执行回路。
由发电厂热工工艺过程可知， 现代大型机组是一个多参数、 多变量、 强关 联、 干扰多的控制对象， 其中的任何一个热工参数都不是孤立的， 而与其它一 些热工参数具有关联性。 例如， 对于真空系统， 凝汽器的真空度与低压缸排汽 温度、 汽机末级抽汽压力等必然有关联： 若真空度降低必然导致低压缸排汽温 度和汽机末级抽汽压力升高。 再例如， 对于给水系统， 锅炉省煤器出口给水流 量与锅炉给水总流量、水冷壁出口温度、省煤器进口与出口差压等必然有关联： 若省煤器出口给水流量大幅降低则必然会有锅炉给水总流量相应降低、 水冷壁 出口温度迅速升高、 省煤器进口与出口差压明显减小。 这些相互关联的热工参 数完全可以在现有控制系统中得到对应的测量信号。
本发明的保护系统中提出的用佐证信号验证主信号真伪的工作原理正是 基于上述技术常识， 把将会触发保护动作的热工参数的测量信号定义为 "主信 号" ， 把用来验证 "主信号"真伪的相关联热工参数的测量信号定义为 "佐证 信号" ， 并在主信号和佐证信号之间建立匹配的关联， 充分利用现有控制系统 中诸多的 "佐证信号"来验证相关联的 "主信号" 的真伪性， 从而在确保现有 保护系统可靠性的基础上，进一步降低保护误动或拒动概率。
本发明的保护系统与现有保护系统相比， 增加的智能判断单元主要由延时 环节、 智能判断环节、 指令处理环节等组成。 增加的智能判断单元主要利用上 述佐证信号验证主信号真伪的工作原理判断保护指令是否属于误动， 或在未接 收到保护指令时判断是否为拒动， 在利用现有保护系统完成对机组的保护功能 同时， 进一步对机组实现智能保护。
此外， 本发明还可以增设人机对话环节， 在弹出监控界面时显示每一保护 动作的原因分析， 并提示相应的操作指令， 克服了现有技术中对生产过程监控 的被动性。
本发明的保护系统在满足热控保护系统实时性要求、 不影响现有保护系统 可靠性的同时， 通过明显减少保护误动和拒动次数， 延长了机组运行寿命、 提 高了机组的安全性和经济效益， 提高了电网的稳定性。
以下将结合附图对本发明的构思、 具体结构及产生的技术效果作进一步说 明， 以充分地了解本发明的目的、 特征和效果。 附图说明
图 1是现有技术的保护系统的原理框图；
图 2是本发明的保护系统的原理框图；
图 3是图 2中智能判断环节的工作流程图；
图 4是图 2中信号鉴定环节的工作流程图； 图 5是图 2中指令处理环节的工作流程图；
图 6是本发明的保护系统又一实施例的原理框图。 具体实施方式
本发明的第一具体实施例为凝汽器真空智能保护系统， 如图 2所示为本发 明的保护系统的原理框图。
本发明的智能保护系统应用在凝汽器真空智能保护系统上的步骤包括： 步骤一， 根据现有技术， 真空系统凝汽器的真空度与低压缸排汽温度、 汽 机末级抽汽压力等具有强关联性： 真空度降低必然导致低压缸排汽温度和汽机 末级抽汽压力升高。 本实施例中， 选定主信号为真空测量值信号， 佐证信号分 别为低压缸排汽温度和汽机末级抽汽压力。 '
将现有保护系统信号连接一智能判断单元。 智能判断单元的作用在于利用 前述佐证信号验证主信号真伪的工作原理， 判断保护指令是属误动、 拒动还是 正常动作。 所述信号连接是指利用现有技术手段， 使该智能判断单元与现有保 护系统之间实现电信号的传递和流动， 该信号连接包括有线连接、 无线连接等 常规方法。 .
本实施例中， 该智能判断单元从属于现有控制系统， 与现有保护系统共同 构成本实施例的热控智能保护系统， 包括延时环节、 信号鉴定环节、 智能判断 环节、 人机对话环节、 指令处理环节等。
在本发明的其它实施例中， 智能判断单元也可以完全独立于现有控制系 统， 只要它与现有保护系统之间能保持信号的通畅即可实现后续的步骤。
步骤二， 将采集到的真空测量值信号分别发送到现有保护系统和上述智能 判断环节， 低压缸排汽温度和汽机末级抽汽压力两个佐证信号发送到智能判断 环节。 图 3所示为智能判断环节的工作流程框图。 为提高佐证信号的可靠性， 低压缸排汽温度和汽机末级抽汽压力两个佐证信号来自不同信号源。
本实施例中， 保护系统采集到的两个异源佐证信号先输送到一信号鉴定环 节， 信号鉴定环节用于鉴定所采集的佐证信号是否出错， 如图 4所示， 其预设 的规则如下： 若某一佐证信号 i根据现有技术判断结果为异常或超限， 而其余 佐证信号根据现有技术判断结果均为正常， 或反之某一佐证信号 i根据现有技 术判断结果为正常， 而其余佐证信号根据现有技术判断结果均为异常或超限 时， 信号鉴定环节鉴定该佐证信号 i有误； 否则， 认为所有佐证信号均正确。 信号鉴定环节将佐证信号按 "正确"和 "出错" 两类分别送往智能判断环节， 智能判断环节利用 "正确" 的信号去佐证主信号， 对于已 "出错" 的信号， 则 提示检查或更换此信号。 本实施例中， 该信号鉴定环节根据上述预设的规则判 断低压缸排汽温度和汽机末级抽汽压力是否出错， 并将正确的信号发送到智能 判断环节， 将出错的信号按 "出错"类输出出错提示至人机对话环节。
步骤三， 在现有保护系统不发出保护指令时， 该智能判断环节利用上述两 个佐证信号来验证主信号真空测量值信号的真伪。 若此时真空测量值信号输出 正常， 而低压缸排汽温度和汽机末级抽汽压力均显示异常或已超限， 智能判断 环节可以根据佐证信号验证主信号真伪的工作原理判断此时主信号真空测量 值信号为伪信号， 并输出一保护拒动提示信号至人机对话环节。
人机对话环节的作用是在智能判断环节分析判断后， 将其分析判断的过 程、 结果及提示呈现于监控画面上。 本实施例中， 人机对话环节的输出指令有 三种： "投运保护" 、 "解除保护" 、 "延时保护" ， 并以故障状态倒计时进 度条显示延时环节。
人机对话环节在接收到来自智能判断环节的保护拒动提示信号后， 弹出监 控界面， 操作提示内容为： "凝汽器真空虽正常， 但低压缸排汽温度和汽机末 级抽汽压力中已有多个参数出现异常， 故此凝汽器真空值为假， 请密切关注， 可启动保护动作！ " 。 人机对话环节接受到输入的 "投运保护" 操作指令后将 该指令发送到指令处理环节， 指令处理环节根据主信号内容发出与主信号相对 应的保护指令至执行回路， 执行回路执行相应保护指令， 即设备跳闸， 从而使 保护系统克服了拒动， 使机组的安全得到了保护。
前述执行回路是现有控制系统所具有， 为本领域技术人员所熟知的现有技 术， 此处不再做详细描述。
参见图 5所示， 在指令处理环节中， 当人机对话环节选定 "投运保护" 、 "解除保护" 、 "延时保护" 之一并输出保护指令时， 设备根据指令相应直接 动作 （或不动作） ， 本文中所提及的保护指令为广义的概念， 包括设备动作类 指令和设备不动作类指令。具体如在本实施例中，设备动作类指令包括上述 "投 运保护" 、 "延时保护" ， 设备不动作类指令包括上述 "解除保护" 。 指令处 理环节根据顺序优先或人机对话优先原则逻辑处理来自人机对话环节和来自 延时环节的保护指令。 当人机对话环节不输出保护指令时， 智能保护系统的指 令处理环节输出现有保护系统的保护指令至执行回路。
步骤四， 当现有保护系统发出保护指令时， 保护系统首先进入延时环节。 延时环节用于延迟保护指令的输出； 延迟结束后， 现有保护系统将保护指令发 送到指令处理环节。 当主信号真空测量值信号出现低低报警， 但低压缸排汽温 度和汽机末级抽汽压力多个佐证信号均未出现异常， 智能判断环节可以根据佐 证信号验证主信号真伪的工作原理判断此时主信号真空测量值信号为伪信号， 并发送保护误动提示信号至人机对话环节。 人机对话环节在接收到保护误动提 示信号后， 弹出监控界面， 操作提示内容为： "凝汽爭真空已预警， 但低压缸 排汽温度和汽机末级抽汽压力几个参数均正常， 故凝汽器真空值为假， 请密切 关注， 可解除保护！ "。 若人机对话环节实际监视情况正如操作提示内容所述， 则可以选择 "解除保护" ， 以防止保护误动； 若人机对话环节实际监视情况并 非如此， 不应解除保护， 则可以选择 "投运保护" ， 保护随即动作， 或选择不 作为， 延时时间到后保护自行动作， 此时仅可能疏漏掉一次误动； 若人机对话 环节需要更充足的时间来作判断， 则可选择 "延时保护" ， 以增加延时环节的 设定时间 （总设定时间须满足工艺过程要求） 。 指令处理环节如先后接收到来 自人机对话环节的操作指令和来自延时环节的现有保护系统的保护指令， 按照 顺序优先的原则逻辑处理后输出相应保护指令至执行回路； 指令处理环节如同 时接收到来自人机对话环节的操作指令和来自延时环节的现有保护系统的保 护指令， 按照人机对话环节优先的原则逻辑处理后输出相应保护指令至执行回 路， 执行回路执行相应保护指令。 本实施例中此时主信号为伪信号， 因此设备 将不发生动作， 即设备不跳闸， 克服了误动。
若主信号真空测量值信号出现低低报警， 而低压缸排汽温度和汽机末级抽 汽压力也出现异常， 智能判断环节可以根据佐证信号验证主信号真伪的工作原 理判断此时主信号真空测量值信号为真信号， 智能判断环节输出保护动作正确 提示信号至人机对话环节。 人机对话环节在接收到来自智能判断环节输出的动 作正确提示信号后， 弹出监控界面， 操作提示内容为： "凝汽器真空已预警， 同时低压缸排汽温度和汽机末级抽汽压力几个参数也出现异常， 故凝汽器真空 值为真， 请密切关注， 无需解除保护！ " 。 若人机对话环节实际监视情况正如 操作提示内容所述， 则可以选择 "投运保护" 。 指令处理环节如先后接收到来 自人机对话环节的操作指令和来自延时环节的现有保护系统的保护指令， 按照 顺序优先的原则逻辑处理后输出相应保护指令至执行回路； 指令处理环节如同 时接收到来自人机对话环节的操作指令和来自延时环节的现有保护系统的保 护指令， 按照人机对话环节优先的原则逻辑处理后输出相应保护指令至执行回 路， 执行回路执行相应保护指令。 本实施例中此时主信号为真信号， 因此设备 将正常动作， 设备跳闸。
本发明的智能保护系统通过上述步骤， 在不影响现有保护系统可靠性的同 时， 减少了保护系统的误动操作， 降低了拒动的概率。 因此， 本发明的智能保 护系统提高了现有保护系统的智能性， 但并未降低其原有的可靠性。
在本发明的其它实施例中， 在步骤二中， 也可以将采集到的真空测量值信 号仅发送到现有保护系统中， 由智能判断环节在需要时读取。 上述实施方法， 并不影响本发明实施的效果。
在步骤二中， 佐证信号的来源并不局限于多个来自不同信号源的信号， 可 以根据实际情况选定。 优选地， 选取与主信号关联性强， 但测量独立性高的来 · 自不同信号源的信号作为佐证信号， 以提高信号的独立性、 准确性。
本发明的第二具体实施例为锅炉断水智能保护系统。 对于锅炉断水保护， 通常釆用省煤器出口给水流量作为主信号， 根据现有技术常识可知， 锅炉省煤 器出口给水流量与锅炉给水总流量、 水冷壁出口温度、 省煤器进口和出口差压 等必然有强关联性： 若省煤器出口给水流量大幅降低则必然会有锅炉给水总流 量相应降低、 水冷壁出口温度迅速升高、 省煤器进口和出口差压明显减小。 但 常规的锅炉断水保护中仅依据锅炉省煤器出口给水流量便直接决定了是否要 使锅炉跳闹。 本实施例的步骤与第一实施例基本相同， 所不同的在于， 本实施例中， 主 信号为省煤器出口给水流量信号， 佐证信号为现有控制系统中的锅炉给水总流 量、 水冷壁出口温度、 省煤器进口和出口差压测量信号。
具体地， 锅炉断水智能保护系统包括：
步骤一， 在现有控制系统中的不同热工保护参数的测量信号与其它相关联 热工参数测量信号之间设定主信号及佐证信号匹配关系； 本实施例中， 主信号 为省煤器出口给水流量信号， 佐证信号为现有控制系统中的锅炉给水总流量、 水冷壁出口温度、 省煤器进口和出口差压测量信号。
步骤二， 现有控制系统将采集到的省煤器出口给水流量信号输送到现有保 护系统， 将采集到的锅炉给水总流量、 水冷壁出口温度、 省煤器进口和出口差 压测量信号输送到信号鉴定环节。 该信号鉴定环节根据与第一实施例相同的预 设的规则来判断锅炉给水总流量、 水冷壁出口温度、 省煤器进口和出口差压测 量信号是否出错， 并将正确的信号发送到智能判断环节， 将出错的信号按' "出 错" 类输出出错提示至人机对话环节。
步骤三， 在现有保护系统不发出保护指令时， 智能判断环节读取信号鉴定 环节中正确的信号， 利用锅炉给水总流量、 水冷壁出口温度、 省煤器进口和出 口差压测量信号三个佐证信号验证主信号省煤器出口给水流量信号的真伪。 若 此时主信号省煤器出口给水流量信号未超限， 而锅炉给水总流量、 水冷壁出口 温度、 省煤器进口和出口差压测量信号均显示异常或已超限， 智能判断环节根 据佐证信号验证主信号真伪的工作原理判断此时主信号省煤器出口给水流量 信号为伪信号， 其后智能判断环节输出保护拒动操作提示至人机对话环节， 人 机对话环节弹出监控界面， 操作提示内容为： "省煤器出口给水流量虽正常， 但锅炉给水总流量值已过低， 省煤器进口和出口差压异常及水冷壁出口温度上 升率大， 故此时给水流量测量值为假， 实际给水流量低， 需跳闸" 。 人机对话 环节根据实际观察情况接受输入的操作指令， 指令处理环节将来自人机对话环 节的操作指令输出至执行回路， 执行回路执行相应保护指令。 由于系统此时是 拒动， 指令处理环节此时的动作指令使设备跳闸， 克服了拒动。
步骤四， 当现有保护系统发出保护指令， 保护系统首先进入延时环节。 若 主信号省煤器出口给水流量信号出现低流量报警， 但锅炉给水总流量、 水冷壁 出口温度、 省煤器进口和出口差压测量信号均未出现异常， 智能判断环节可以 根据佐证信号验证主信号真伪的工作原理判断此时主信号省煤器出口给水流 量信号为伪信号， 智能判断环节输出保护误动提示信号至人机对话环节， 人机 对话环节弹出监控界面， 操作提示内容为： "省煤器出口给水流量低已预警， 同时锅炉给水总流量、 水冷壁出口温度、 省煤器进口和出口差压参数均正常， 故此时给水流量低为假， 请密切关注， 需解除保护动作！ " 。 人机对话环节接 受到输入的操作指令后发送到指令处理环节。 如指令处理环节先后接收到来自 人机对话环节的操作指令和来自延时环节的现有保护系统的保护指令， 按照顺 序优先的原则逻辑处理后输出相应保护指令至执行回路； 指令处理环节如同时 接收到来自人机对话环节的操作指令和来自延时环节的现有保护系统的保护 指令， 按照人机对话环节优先的原则逻辑处理后输出相应保护指令至执行回 路， 执行回路执行相应保护指令。 本实施例中此时主信号为伪信号， 因此设备 将不发生动作， 即设备不跳闸， 克服了误动。
若主信号锅炉省煤器出口给水流量出现流量低报警， 而锅炉给水总流量、 水冷壁出口温度、 省煤器进口和出口差压也出现异常， 智能判断环节可以根据 佐证信号验证主信号真伪的工作原理判断此时主信号锅炉省煤器出口给水流 量为真信号， 智能判断环节输出保护动作正确提示信号至人机对话环节， 人机 对话环节弹出监控界面， 操作提示内容为： "省煤器出口给水流量已预警， 同 时锅炉给水总流量、 水冷壁出口温度、 省煤器进口和出口差压参数中也出现异 常， 故此时给水流量低为真， 请密切关注， 可启动保护动作！ " 。 人机对话环 节在接受输入的操作指令后发送到指令处理环节。 如指令处理环节先后接收到 来自人机对话环节的操作指令和来自延时环节的现有保护系统的保护指令， 按 照顺序优先的原则逻辑处理后输出相应保护指令至执行回路； 如指令处理环节 同时接收到来自人机对话环节的操作指令和来自延时环节的现有保护系统的 保护指令， 按照人机对话环节优先的原则逻辑处理后输出相应保护指令至执行 回路， 执行回路执行相应保护指令。 在此处， 由于系统输出实际为动作正确指 令， 因此设备将执行现有保护系统的保护指令， 正常动作。 本发明的锅炉断水智能保护系统利用现有控制系统中的锅炉给水总流量、 水冷壁出口温度、 省煤器进口和出口差压测量信号来判断省煤器出口给水流量 信号的真伪， 进而判断保护属误动、 拒动还是正常动作， 降低了现有保护系统 的拒动概率， 减少了误动次数， 同时还保证了现有保护系统的可靠性。
如图 6所示， 在本发明的其它实施例中， 智能判断单元在最接近执行回路 的一端还设置一 "逻辑或" 环节。 此时， 智能判断环节可以有一路保护指令输 出直接发送到 "逻辑或"环节， "逻辑或" 环节同时还接受来自指令处理环节 的保护指令输出， 并对上述两路输出的保护指令在做 "逻辑或" 处理后， 发送 到执行回路。 这样设计的优点是在不降低本发明的保护系统的可靠性的基础 上， 进一步提高保护系统的智能性。
本发明的智能保护系统， 还可以应用在热力发电机组的其他保护领域， 因 而具有广泛的应用前景。
综上所述， 本说明书中所述的只是本发明的几种较佳具体实施例。 凡本技 术领域中技术人员依本发明的构思在现有技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、 推理或 者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案， 皆应在本发明的权利要求保护范围内。

Claims

1、 一种发电机组热控智能保护系统， 包括以下步骤：
步骤一， 在现有控制系统中的不同热工保护参数的测量信号与其它相关联 热工参数测量信号之间设定主信号及佐证信号匹配关系； 将所述现有控制系统 中的现有保护系统信号连接一智能判断单元， 所述智能判断单元至少包括延时 环节、 智能判断环节和指令处理环节；
步骤二， 将采集到的所述主信号同时发送到所述现有控制系统的现有保护 系统和所述智能判断环节； 将采集到的所述佐证信号发送到所述智能判断环
" ；
步骤三， 在所述现有保护系统不发出保护指令时， 所述智能判断环节利用 佐证信号验证所述主信号的真伪， 并在验证所述主信号为假时输出保护拒动提 示信号至所述指令处理环节； 所述指令处理环节接收到所述保护拒动提示信号 后根据所述主信号的内容输出与所述主信号对应的保护指令至执行回路； 步骤四， 在所述现有保护系统根据所述主信号发出一保护指令时， 首先进 入延时环节， 所述延时环节用于延迟所述保护指令的输出； 延时结束后， 将所 述保护指令发送到所述指令处理环节；
同时， 所述智能判断环节利用所述佐证信号来验证所述主信号的真伪； 若验证结果所述主信号为假时， 所述智能判断环节输出保护误动提示信号 至所述指令处理环节； 同时终止所述指令处理环节接收到的来自所述现有保护 系统的所述保护指令输出；
若验证结果所述主信号为真时， 所述智能判断环节输出保护动作正确提示 信号至所述指令处理环节； 所述指令处理环节输出来自所述现有保护系统的所 述保护指令至执行回路。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的热控智能保护系统， 其特征在于： 所述智能判断单元 还包括一信号鉴定环节， 所述佐证信号为多个来自不同信号源的信号； 所述步 骤二中采集到的多个所述佐证信号先输送到所述信号鉴定环节， 所述信号鉴定 环节根据预设的规则判断所述佐证信号是否出错， 并将正确的所述佐证信号发 送到所述智能判断环节。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的热控智能保护系统， 其特征在于： 在所述步骤二 中， 将采集到的所述主信号发送到所述现有保护系统中， 将采集到的所述佐证 信号发送到所述智能判断环节； 所述步骤三、 四中， 所述智能判断环节首先到 所述现有保护系统中读取采集到的所述主信号。
4、 如权利要求 1或 2 所述的热控智能保护系统， 其特征在于： 所述智能判断 单元在所述智能判断环节与所述指令处理环节之间还连接有一人机对话环节； 所述步骤三为， 在所述现有保护系统不发出保护指令时， 所述智能判断环 节利用佐证信号验证所述主信号的真伪， 并在验证结果所述主信号为假时， 输 出保护拒动提示信号至所述人机对话环节； 所述人机对话环节在接收到来自所 述智能判断环节的提示信号后， 弹出监控界面并可接受输入的操作指令， 所述 指令处理环节接收到来自所述人机对话环节的所述操作指令后输出相应保护 指令至执行回路；
所述步骤四中， 若验证结果所述主信号为假时， 所述智能判断环节输出保 护误动提示信号至所述人机对话环节； 若验证结果所述主信号为真时， 所述智 能判断环节输出保护动作正确提示信号至所述人机对话环节；
所述人机对话环节接收到来自所述智能判断环节的提示信号后， 弹出监控 界面并可接受输入的操作指令；
当所述指令处理环节先后接收到来自所述延时环节的所述现有保护系统 的所述保护指令和来自所述人机对话环节的所述操作指令后， 按顺序优先原则 将先到达的相应保护指令输出至执行回路；
当所述指令处理环节同时接收到来自所述延时环节的所述现有保护系统 的所述保护指令和来自所述人机对 i舌环节的所述操作指令后， 按人机对话环节 优先原则将相应保护指令输出至执行回路。
PCT/CN2007/003433 2007-06-11 2007-12-03 Intelligent protection system for dynamo group thermal control WO2008151486A1 (en)

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