WO2008150178A1 - Dispositif pour une usine de production de biogaz à partir d'un matériau biologique - Google Patents
Dispositif pour une usine de production de biogaz à partir d'un matériau biologique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008150178A1 WO2008150178A1 PCT/NO2008/000201 NO2008000201W WO2008150178A1 WO 2008150178 A1 WO2008150178 A1 WO 2008150178A1 NO 2008000201 W NO2008000201 W NO 2008000201W WO 2008150178 A1 WO2008150178 A1 WO 2008150178A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- space
- cover
- accordance
- container
- submerged
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
- C12M41/40—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
- C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/36—Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/38—Caps; Covers; Plugs; Pouring means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
- C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
- C12M23/56—Floating elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for a plant for the production of so-called biogas, that is to say a gas containing a great proportion of methane gas, typically about 60 %, from biological material by anaerobic fermentation, wherein a fermenting mass is contained in a container which is provided with a cover releasably connected in a fluid-sealing manner to the side wall(s) of the container, forming a closed space above the fermenting mass, and wherein, in the space, there takes place by condensation a purification of the biogas by dehumidification, removal of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide, a liquid seal formed at the submerged edge portion of the cover in an annular vessel surrounding the container be- ing used at least as a safety valve and as a receiver of the separated water together with dissolved carbon dioxide.
- biogas that is to say a gas containing a great proportion of methane gas, typically about 60 %, from biological material by anaerobic fermentation
- a fermenting mass is
- sulphur deposited on the cover is removed by the cover being detached from the container and cleaned.
- a further cover for the formation of a further space arranged above the first space, a further purification of the biogas by the removal of carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulphide could be achieved.
- methane gas CH 4
- CO 2 carbon dioxide
- H 2 S hydrogen sulphide
- the fermenting mass will, as a rule, be kept in a tight container to prevent access for oxygen from outside to the mass and for the collection of the methane gas to be efficient .
- the decomposition is time-consuming, so that the dung mass must have a certain dwell time in the tank, and it is an advantage to stir the mass by either an agitator or circulation by means of a pump.
- the decomposition is believed to be the most stable at a temperature of approximately 35-40 0 C. Therefore, it is important to avoid too great a heat loss from the tank to cold surroundings, which may require some form of insulation.
- the invention has for its object to remedy or reduce at least one of the drawbacks of the prior art .
- a first aspect of the invention is to provide a device for a plant for the production of biogas from biological material by anaerobic fermentation, wherein the gaseous fermentation products liberated from the fermenting mass during the fermentation process are retained in a space above the fermenting mass, the space being formed by a cover being suspended over the upper part of the fermentation container, fitting tightly against the side walls of the fermentation container.
- the seal against the side walls of the fermentation container is formed by an edge portion of the cover being submerged in a vessel filled with liquid, that is to say a liquid seal, surrounding the upper portion of the container.
- a second aspect is to provide an over-pressure protection for the gas-filled space above the fermenting mass by the provision of conveyance paths for the gaseous fermentation products out of the space via the liquid seal.
- a third aspect of the invention is to remove, by condensation onto the underside of the cover and carrying off the condensation product, water vapour from the gaseous fermentation product.
- the condensed water is carried back to the fermenting mass or into an area outside the container, for example by it flowing along the cloth and down into the liquid seal. Thereby is ensured that the liquid seal will have a continuous supply of liquid, which ensures that the level in the liquid seal is maintained.
- a fourth aspect of the invention is to provide technical so- lutions which are reasonable in use, also under difficult climatic conditions in which frost and snow place great de- mands on the biogas plant .
- a gas-tight container in which a first cover forms, in a gas-sealing manner, a lid on the container, the cover being secured to the side wall(s) of the container, forming together with the side wall(s) a first space above the fermenting mass. Further, the first space is in fluid communication with a first overpressure valve which is arranged to maintain a defined overpressure in the gas enclosed in the first space, for example of 25 millibars. Thereby, the first cover is kept suspended without the need of using supporting structures to give the container lid sufficient strength to carry its own weight and any additional load.
- a second gas-tight space may be formed separate from the first space by a second cover forming, in a gas-sealing man- ner, a lid above the first cover, the second cover being secured to the side wall (s) of the container on top of the first cover, forming, together with the first cover, a second space.
- the second space is in fluid communication with a second overpressure valve which is arranged to main- tain a defined pressure in the gas which is contained by the second space, for example of 20 millibars. The pressure within the second space is appropriately somewhat smaller than the pressure in the underlying space .
- the removal of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) from the fermenting mass and the gaseous fermentation product can be provided in a simple manner.
- Carbon dioxide has an acidifying effect, and as an acidic environment has an impedimental effect on the fermentation process and the liberation of biogas from the fermenting mass, it is beneficial to remove the carbon dioxide from the fermenting mass. This happens naturally by fermentation gases being liberated from the fermenting mass, and the carbon dioxide is carried together with the other gaseous fermentation products into the second closed space, in which at least part of the carbon dioxide is dissolved in the water which is forming by condensation onto the underside of the second cover, and which is subsequently carried out of the second space and carried away from the fermenting mass. Thereby also the purity of the biogas increases.
- the second cover can be kept suspended, spaced from the first cover and in the same manner as described for the first cover, without supporting structures having to be used.
- the first and second covers may exhibit a shape which has the effect that when they are suspended by the gas pressure, a volume is formed between the first and second covers, for example by the second cover being formed with a larger curva- ture than the first cover.
- An edge portion of the second cover can be submerged in the liquid seal surrounding the upper portion of the container.
- the at least one first conduit can be constituted by one or more passages, for example a first annular space, between the container wall(s) and the first cover, or it may be constituted by a hose or pipe connection.
- the at least one first conduit may be arranged in such a way that it connects the first and second spaces by a first portion of the conduit connecting the first space with the liquid seal, the first conduit portion being submerged to a first depth, and a second portion of the conduit connecting the second space with the surroundings by the second conduit portion being submerged to a second depth in the liquid seal, the first depth being larger than the second depth.
- the second conduit portion may be constituted by passages between the first and second covers, for example a second annular space, or it may be constituted by one or more hose or pipe connections.
- a washing of the gas is partially provided, as, for example, some carbon dioxide can be dissolved in the liquid which is, for example, water.
- a fluid- communicating connection may be provided between the first space and the most elevated portion of the second space via said first valve.
- At least one supply line for oxygen or atmospheric air there may be provided at least one supply line for oxygen or atmospheric air.
- the cover (s) may be formed of a cloth material and is/are re- leasably attached to the container wall (s) so as to be easily removable for cleaning etc., in particular with a view to removing sulphur deposited.
- cover (s) may be arranged thermally in- sulating means to improve the thermal balance of the plant and contribute to stabilizing/improving the fermentation con- ditions in the plant and thereby make the biogas production of the plant more efficient.
- the invention relates to a device as described in the claim 1 that follows.
- Alternative features ap- pear from claims 2 to 22.
- Figure 1 shows a side view of a container for a plant ac- cording to the invention
- Figure 2 shows a ground plan of the container according to figure 1;
- Figure 3a shows a cross section III-III through the container according to figure 2, in a version with one cover;
- Figure 3b shows a cross section III-III through the container according to figure 2, in a version with two covers;
- Figure 4a shows, on a larger scale and in a section IVa, a variant of the container according to figure 3a;
- Figure 4b shows, on a larger scale and in a section IVb, a variant of the container according to figure 3b, in which a conduit has been extended from a first space to the highest portion of a second space;
- Figure 5a shows, on a larger scale, a section Va according to figure 4a;
- Figure 5aa shows the same section as figure 5a, but in a variant with a perforated cloth suspended horizontally within the first space;
- Figure 5b shows, on a larger scale, a section Vb according to figure 4b;
- Figure 6a shows a cross section of a section VI according to figure 2 on a larger scale, in a version with one cover;
- Figure 6b shows a cross section of a section VI according to figure 2 on a larger scale, in a version with two covers .
- a plant according to the invention includes at least one cyl- inder-shaped container 1.
- the container 1 is provided, in a manner known per se, with a bottom 11 which is connected in a fluid-sealing manner to a container wall 12, and is arranged for storing biological material 14, for example manure from domestic animals, which gives off methane gas, among other things, by anaerobic fermentation.
- biological material 14 for example manure from domestic animals, which gives off methane gas, among other things, by anaerobic fermentation.
- the container 1 may be partially buried into a mass 2 suitable for the purpose, as it is shown in figure 3a.
- An upper portion 13 of the container 1 is surrounded by an annular vessel 3 which is arranged to be filled completely or partially with a liquid 31, for example water.
- a liquid 31 for example water.
- Securing elements 61 may maintain clearances between the edge portion 41 of the cover 4 and the container wall 12 by a first annular space 42 having been formed, which extends from the top of the container wall 12 down into the vessel 3 and forms a first portion of a fluid-communicating conduit between the first space 43 and the edge 44 of the first cover 4.
- the edge portion 41 may fit tightly against the container wall 12, the first conduit portion being formed by one or more hoses or pipes 45 (see figures 5a and 6a) extending from the first space 43 to an area within the vessel 3 outside the edge portion 41 of the first cover 4.
- the fluid-communicating conduit 42, 45 is arranged to drain liquid condensing onto the inside of the first cover 4 from the first space 43 into the vessel 3.
- a gas line 8 extends up to devices (not shown) for the storing and utilization of biogas.
- the second cover 5 is arranged on the outside of the first cover 4 (see figures 3b, 4b, 5b and 6b) .
- the edge portion 51 of the second cover 5 extends down into the liquid 31 in the annular vessel 3 and is releasably secured to the container wall 12 in a manner corresponding to that of the first cover, shown schematically here with securing elements 62, 63.
- the edge portion 51 extends to a depth H2 in the liquid 31.
- the depth H2 is smaller than the depth Hl of the first edge portion 41.
- the securing elements 62 may maintain clearances between the edge portions 41, 51 of the first and second covers 4, 5 by a second annular space 52 having been formed, extending from the edge 44 of the first cover 4 up between the edge portions 41, 51 and forming a second portion of the fluid- communicating conduit, this portion extending between a second space 53 and the surroundings of the container 1 via the vessel 3 filled with liquid.
- the edge portion 51 of the second cover 5 may fit tightly against the edge portion 41 of the first cover 4, said conduit portion being formed of one or more hoses 55 extending from the second space 53 into an area within the ves- sel 3 at or outside the edge portion 51 of the second cover 5.
- the fluid-communicating conduit 52, 55 is arranged to drain liquid condensing onto the inside of the second cover 5 from the second space 51 into the vessel 3.
- the first and second covers 4, 5 are typically formed of fluid-tight cloth, and the first cover 4 exhibits a shape which differs from the shape of the second cover 5 in such a way that when the covers 4, 5 are suspended, a clearing is maintained between a substantial part of the covers 4, 5 for the formation of the second space 53 of a preferred volume. It is beneficial that the covers 4, 5 exhibit a drop from a centre portion out towards the periphery, that is towards the edge portions 41, 51. Typically, the covers 41, 51 for a cylinder-shaped container 1 will exhibit approximately smooth, but different curvatures, convex in the upward direction.
- an oxygen supply facility 7 including a pump 71 connected to a hose 72 which is extended into the second space 53 for the controlled supply of oxygen, preferably in the form of atmospheric air to the second space 53 (see figures 3b, 4b, 5b, 6b) .
- the oxygen supply facility 7 includes control devices
- the oxygen may be supplied to the first space 43.
- a gas line 8 extends up to devices (not shown) for the storage and utilization of methane gas.
- a first gas pressure Pl will be worked up in the first space 43.
- the gas pressure Pl is determined by the valve in the conduit 42, 45, 45a, that is to say the depth Hl of the first edge portion 41, alternatively the depth Hl of the submerged hose 45, alternatively the working pressure of the pressure control valve 45b.
- the raw gas is consumed directly from the first space 43.
- this space 43 the following happens:
- Water vapour condenses onto the internal surface of the first cover 4 and runs down into the vessel 3 via the fluid-communicating conduit 42, alternatively 45 when this is arranged with a conduit mouth placed at the edge portion 41 of the cover 4, and is subsequently drained from the vessel 3. Under hot operating conditions the condensation may be enhanced by the first cover 4 being cooled, for example by water being sprayed onto the external surface.
- Hydrogen sulphide reacts with any oxygen present in the first space 43, forming water and sulphur.
- the sulphur settles on the surfaces of the first space 43, that is on the internal surface of the first cover 4 , and on the perforated cloth 4a.
- the raw gas is driven into the second space 53, in which the following treatment takes place :
- Water vapour condenses onto the internal surface of the second cover 5 and runs down into the vessel 3 via the fluid-communicating conduit 52, alternatively 55, and is subsequently drained from the vessel 3. Under hot operating conditions the condensation may be enhanced by the second cover 5 being cooled, for example by water being sprayed onto the external surface .
- Hydrogen sulphide reacts with oxygen supplied, forming water and sulphur.
- the sulphur settles on the surfaces of the second space 53, preferably the upper surface of the first cover 4.
- the purified biogas is then carried forward to the devices (not shown) for the storage and utilization of the biogas.
- the pressure Pl is typically 5-30 millibars, and experience shows that this is sufficient to keep the covers 4, 5 suspended when they are subjected to extra load in the form of wind or snow.
- the submerged conduit 42, respectively 52, 55 between the first cover 4 and the side wall(s) 12 of the container 1, respectively between the edge portions 41, 51 of the first and second covers 4, 5.
- the liquid seal formed by the vessel 3, liquid 31, edge portions 41, 51, possibly the submerged hoses 45, 55 can control the operating pressure, respectively the operating pressure and maximum pressure.
- the raw gas is carried to an elevated area within the second space 53 in order thereby to be distributed evenly throughout the space 53. This is achieved in particular in the embodiment according to figure 4b. In this embodiment will be achieved, among other things, better heat distribution by a possible need to thaw snow lying on the second cover 5.
- the covers 4, 5 and the cloth 4a can easily be removed for cleaning.
- portions of the fluid lines connected to the devices for the supply, circulation and removal of the biological material forming the raw material for the biogas production may be passed in a submerged state through the entire or parts of the vessel 3 in order thereby to keep the liquid temperature sufficiently high when heat is transferred from the biological material which exhibits, regardless of the stage of the fermentation process, a relatively high temperature.
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Abstract
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200811001524 DE112008001524T5 (de) | 2007-06-08 | 2008-06-05 | Vorrichtung für eine Anlage zur Erzeugung von Biogas aus biologischem Material |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO20072922 | 2007-06-08 | ||
NO20072922 | 2007-06-08 | ||
NO20082325 | 2008-05-22 | ||
NO20082325A NO327701B1 (no) | 2007-06-08 | 2008-05-22 | Anordning ved anlegg for utvinning av biogass fra biologisk materiale |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2008150178A1 true WO2008150178A1 (fr) | 2008-12-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/NO2008/000201 WO2008150178A1 (fr) | 2007-06-08 | 2008-06-05 | Dispositif pour une usine de production de biogaz à partir d'un matériau biologique |
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WO (1) | WO2008150178A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011075073A1 (fr) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | Norups Gård Ab | Digesteur et procédé pour la production de biogaz |
EP2733197A1 (fr) * | 2012-11-19 | 2014-05-21 | Ryszard Aleksander Fotyga | Installation de production de biogaz à chambre de fermentation en tunnel et installations pour produire et utiliser du biogaz |
FR3045402A1 (fr) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-23 | Biogaz Pevele | Unite de methanisation equipee d'un systeme de filtration du biogaz pour l'extraction de l'hydrogene sulfure |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR884777A (fr) * | 1941-09-17 | 1943-08-26 | Perfectionnements aux cuves de fermentation à circulation notamment pour l'obtention de gaz combustible | |
FR970057A (fr) * | 1948-08-06 | 1950-12-29 | Perfectionnements aux fermetures des cuves ou fosses, silos ou réservoirs pour la production de méthane ou gaz combustibles analogues | |
FR2265853A1 (en) * | 1974-03-29 | 1975-10-24 | Isman Marcel | Gasometer tank for purified methane prodn. - from organic matter such as manure |
JPH0244000A (ja) * | 1988-08-02 | 1990-02-14 | Mitsui Miike Kakoki Kk | メタン発酵処理装置の安全装置 |
US6375838B1 (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 2002-04-23 | Degremont | Sealed tanks for methane fermentation or storage in a corrosive environment |
-
2008
- 2008-06-05 WO PCT/NO2008/000201 patent/WO2008150178A1/fr active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR884777A (fr) * | 1941-09-17 | 1943-08-26 | Perfectionnements aux cuves de fermentation à circulation notamment pour l'obtention de gaz combustible | |
FR970057A (fr) * | 1948-08-06 | 1950-12-29 | Perfectionnements aux fermetures des cuves ou fosses, silos ou réservoirs pour la production de méthane ou gaz combustibles analogues | |
FR2265853A1 (en) * | 1974-03-29 | 1975-10-24 | Isman Marcel | Gasometer tank for purified methane prodn. - from organic matter such as manure |
JPH0244000A (ja) * | 1988-08-02 | 1990-02-14 | Mitsui Miike Kakoki Kk | メタン発酵処理装置の安全装置 |
US6375838B1 (en) * | 1998-05-13 | 2002-04-23 | Degremont | Sealed tanks for methane fermentation or storage in a corrosive environment |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2011075073A1 (fr) * | 2009-12-18 | 2011-06-23 | Norups Gård Ab | Digesteur et procédé pour la production de biogaz |
EP2733197A1 (fr) * | 2012-11-19 | 2014-05-21 | Ryszard Aleksander Fotyga | Installation de production de biogaz à chambre de fermentation en tunnel et installations pour produire et utiliser du biogaz |
FR3045402A1 (fr) * | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-23 | Biogaz Pevele | Unite de methanisation equipee d'un systeme de filtration du biogaz pour l'extraction de l'hydrogene sulfure |
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