WO2008147068A1 - Nox reducing device using catalyst-electric heater - Google Patents
Nox reducing device using catalyst-electric heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008147068A1 WO2008147068A1 PCT/KR2008/002791 KR2008002791W WO2008147068A1 WO 2008147068 A1 WO2008147068 A1 WO 2008147068A1 KR 2008002791 W KR2008002791 W KR 2008002791W WO 2008147068 A1 WO2008147068 A1 WO 2008147068A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- electric heater
- nitrogen oxides
- reductant
- reducing nitrogen
- Prior art date
Links
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 120
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/027—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
- F01N13/0097—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series the purifying devices are arranged in a single housing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2370/00—Selection of materials for exhaust purification
- F01N2370/02—Selection of materials for exhaust purification used in catalytic reactors
- F01N2370/04—Zeolitic material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/06—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a temperature sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/08—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a pressure sensor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/14—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics having more than one sensor of one kind
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/02—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device for reducing nitrogen oxides (Nox) using a catalyst-electric heater, more specifically to a device for reducing nitrogen oxides whereby quantity of nitrogen oxides can be lowered by reduction using a electric heater with reduction catalyst directly coated on the surface thereof to activate the catalyst in a low-temperature range of exhaust gas.
- Nox nitrogen oxides
- a catalyst-electric heater more specifically to a device for reducing nitrogen oxides whereby quantity of nitrogen oxides can be lowered by reduction using a electric heater with reduction catalyst directly coated on the surface thereof to activate the catalyst in a low-temperature range of exhaust gas.
- the internal combustion engine that generates operation power for a vehicle discharges a large quantity of harmful exhaust gas during fuel burning, and catalyst, etc. are used to reduce this.
- Catalyst coated on a carrier of a mainly ceramic based material plays a role of converting harmful exhaust gas into harmless carbon dioxide.
- the ceramic based material is frequently damaged by vibration or shock of the vehicle, or heat shock due to exothermic reaction accompanying the processes of catalyst activation and oxidation reaction among chemical reactions.
- a method of coating catalyst on a metal carrier is disclosed, instead of the conventional catalyst which is made by coating noble metal catalyst on a ceramic carrier (mainly cordierite).
- a metal carrier having a honeycomb structure like the conventional ceramic is made by coating with catalyst like ceramic.
- the structure of the metal carrier is basically similar to that of a ceramic carrier, but it is very strong against thermal and mechanical shock which were conventional disadvantages. Especially by virtue of such an advantage, it is commercialized to be used in two- wheeled vehicles in which the temperature and flow rate of exhaust gas are very high.
- a device in which such a metal carrier coated with reduction catalyst is installed in the exhaust pipe of the vehicle and a reductant supplying means for supplying reductant to the front end of reduction catalyst is installed to reduce nitrogen oxides of exhaust gas, is being utilized in the prior art.
- the reductant supplying means of the vehicle generally includes a device for supplying urea, and a hydrolytic catalytic device which contacts urea with steam in the exhaust gas at low temperatures to help the reaction of reforming into ammonia.
- the present invention is directed to solve the problems described above in regard to prior art and an object of the present invention is to provide a device for reducing nitrogen oxides whereby quantity of nitrogen oxides can be lowered by reduction using a electric heater with reduction catalyst directly coated on the surface thereof to activate the catalyst in a low-temperature range of exhaust gas.
- the present invention provides a device for reducing nitrogen oxides comprising: a catalyst-electric heater installed in the exhaust pipe and coated with reduction catalyst; a reductant injection unit which is installed forward of the electric heater to supply reductant; and a slip carrier which is installed rearward of the catalyst-electric heater to remove unreacted reductant that has passed through the catalyst-electric heater.
- the reductant injection unit injects reductant to front sides of the catalyst-electric heater.
- the length lengthwise of the exhaust pipe of the catalyst-electric heater is formed longer than the size of the diameter of the catalyst-electric heater in order to increase the reaction area of reduction catalyst with the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas.
- the reduction catalyst is a catalyst of zeolite based or vanadia based material.
- the reductant may be urea.
- the catalyst coated on the slip carrier include platinum as a main ingredient.
- the device for reducing nitrogen oxides according to the present invention further comprises a temperature sensor and a front pressure sensor installed forward of the reductant injection unit in the exhaust pipe, a rear pressure sensor installed r earward of the slip carrier in the exhaust pipe, and a control unit electrically connected with the temperature sensor, front pressure sensor, and rear pressure sensor, wherein the control unit controls the heat quantity of the catalyst-electric heater by calculating the flow rate of exhaust gas by the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and the pressure difference detected by the front pressure sensor and the rear pressure sensor.
- the length lengthwise of the exhaust pipe of the slip carrier is formed longer than the size of the diameter of the slip carrier.
- nitrogen oxides can be reduced by activating catalyst using low energy in a low-temperature range of exhaust gas, since reduction catalyst is directly coated on the surface of the catalyst-electric heater.
- the electric heater accomplishes uniform flow distribution of exhaust gas and the reaction area of the catalyst coated on the electric heater by increasing the length instead of reducing the diameter, and if the device is applied to an existing exhaust line, utilization of space can be maximized.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device for reducing nitrogen oxides according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a device for reducing nitrogen oxides according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device for reducing nitrogen oxides that is installed in an exhaust pipe 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the device for reducing nitrogen oxides comprises a catalyst-electric heater 30 installed forward of the exhaust gas stream supplied into the exhaust pipe 10, a slip carrier 40 installed rearward of the catalyst- electric heater 30 in the exhaust pipe 10, and a reductant injection unit 20 for supplying reductant to the catalyst-electric heater 30.
- the catalyst-electric heater 30 Since the catalyst-electric heater 30 is coated with reduction catalyst, it can play the role of reducing and removing part of nitrogen oxides included in the exhaust gas flowed from the exhaust pipe 10 together with reductant.
- alumina (Al O ), silica (SiO ), titania (TiO ), ceria (CeO ), zirconia (ZrO ), or zeolite can be used, or two or more of these materials may be mixed for use.
- the catalyst-electric heater 30 installed may have a structure of a plurality of cells with metal sheets laminated, for example, a honeycomb structure.
- the length of the catalyst-electric heater 30 can be formed long so as to reduce the loss of the contact area with nitrogen oxides.
- At least the length of the catalyst-electric heater 30 is formed longer than the size of the diameter of the catalyst-electric heater 30, and it is preferable that the catalyst-electric heater 30 is optimally designed, based on the flow rate of the exhaust gas, temperature of the exhaust gas, heat quantity of the catalyst-electric heater 30, etc.
- the reductant injection unit 20 should supply reductant toward front sides of the catalyst-electric heater 30, it is preferable that the end portion of the reductant injection unit 20 is arranged in parallel lengthwise of the exhaust pipe 10.
- the reductant injection unit 20 injects reductant uniformly to front sides of the catalyst-electric heater 30. Accordingly, a publicly known nozzle can be installed in the end portion of the reductant injection unit 20.
- urea preferably, aqueous solution of urea
- the slip carrier 40 located rearward of the catalyst-electric heater 30 plays a role of removing the reductant that did not react with nitrogen oxides even after it had passed through the catalyst-electric heater 30.
- a structure with many layers of metal sheets laminated, such as a honeycomb structure, etc. can be used for the slip carrier 40.
- the catalyst coated on the slip carrier 40 may be one or more selected from a group consisting of Pt, Pd, Ir and Rh, and Pt or Pd is more preferable.
- the slip carrier 40 also may have a long length, and it is preferable that at least the length of the slip carrier 40 is formed longer than the size of the diameter of the slip carrier 40.
- a temperature sensor 50 for detecting the temperature of exhaust gas and a front pressure sensor 60 for detecting the pressure of exhaust gas are installed forward of the catalyst-electric heater 30 and the reductant injection unit 20 in the exhaust pipe 10, and a rear pressure sensor 70 for detecting the pressure is installed rearward of the slip carrier 40.
- control unit calculates the flow rate of exhaust gas by the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 50 and the pressure difference between front and rear of the electric heater 30 and the slip carrier 40 detected by the front pressure sensor 60 and rear pressure sensor 70, and by using this, it controls the quantity of current supplied to the electric heater 30.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the state in which a device for reducing nitrogen oxides according to the second embodiment of the present invention is installed in the exhaust pipe 11.
- the general configuration of the device for reducing nitrogen oxides according to the second embodiment is identical with that of the device for reducing nitrogen oxides according to the first embodiment except that an expanded portion 12 is formed in the exhaust pipe 11 to install the electric heater 31 and the slip carrier 40.
- the expanded portion 12 has a diameter larger than that of the exhaust pipe 11, and the electric heater 31 and the slip carrier 41 of the second embodiment also have diameters larger than those of the electric heater 31 and the slip carrier 41 of the first embodiment.
- the device for reducing nitrogen oxides of the second embodiment has a cross section larger than that of the first embodiment compared with the same length, the reaction area of the electric heater 31 and the slip carrier 41 with exhaust gas or reductant can be increased, so the total length of the device for reducing nitrogen oxides can be reduced.
- the device for reducing nitrogen oxides of the second embodiment is suitable in the case that the cross section of the space to be installed in is sufficient but the total length of vehicle is restricted.
- the length of the electric heater 31 and slip carrier 41 is formed long so as to make the contact area of exhaust gas or reductant with catalyst large.
- nitrogen oxides can be reduced by activating catalyst using low energy in a low-temperature range of exhaust gas, since reduction catalyst is directly coated on the surface of the catalyst- electric heater.
- the electric heater accomplishes uniform flow distribution of exhaust gas and the reaction area of the catalyst coated on the electric heater by increasing the length instead of reducing the diameter, and if the device is applied to an existing exhaust line, utilization of space can be maximized.
Abstract
A device for reducing nitrogen oxides whereby quantity of nitrogen oxides can be lowered by reduction using a electric heater with reduction catalyst directly coated on the surface thereof to activate the catalyst in a low-temperature range of exhaust gas is disclosed. The device for reducing nitrogen oxides of the present invention comprises a catalyst-electric heater installed in an exhaust pipe and coated with reduction catalyst; a reductant injection unit which is installed forward of the electric heater to supply reductant; and a slip carrier which is installed rearward of the catalyst-electric heater to remove unreacted reductant that has passed through the catalyst-electric heater.
Description
Description
NOX REDUCING DEVICE USING CATALYST-ELECTRIC
HEATER
Technical Field
[1] The present invention relates to a device for reducing nitrogen oxides (Nox) using a catalyst-electric heater, more specifically to a device for reducing nitrogen oxides whereby quantity of nitrogen oxides can be lowered by reduction using a electric heater with reduction catalyst directly coated on the surface thereof to activate the catalyst in a low-temperature range of exhaust gas. Background Art
[2] In general, the internal combustion engine that generates operation power for a vehicle discharges a large quantity of harmful exhaust gas during fuel burning, and catalyst, etc. are used to reduce this.
[3] Catalyst coated on a carrier of a mainly ceramic based material plays a role of converting harmful exhaust gas into harmless carbon dioxide.
[4] But the ceramic based material is frequently damaged by vibration or shock of the vehicle, or heat shock due to exothermic reaction accompanying the processes of catalyst activation and oxidation reaction among chemical reactions.
[5] To solve such a problem, a method of coating catalyst on a metal carrier is disclosed, instead of the conventional catalyst which is made by coating noble metal catalyst on a ceramic carrier (mainly cordierite).
[6] A metal carrier having a honeycomb structure like the conventional ceramic is made by coating with catalyst like ceramic.
[7] The structure of the metal carrier is basically similar to that of a ceramic carrier, but it is very strong against thermal and mechanical shock which were conventional disadvantages. Especially by virtue of such an advantage, it is commercialized to be used in two- wheeled vehicles in which the temperature and flow rate of exhaust gas are very high.
[8] A device, in which such a metal carrier coated with reduction catalyst is installed in the exhaust pipe of the vehicle and a reductant supplying means for supplying reductant to the front end of reduction catalyst is installed to reduce nitrogen oxides of exhaust gas, is being utilized in the prior art.
[9] At this time, the reductant supplying means of the vehicle generally includes a device for supplying urea, and a hydrolytic catalytic device which contacts urea with steam in the exhaust gas at low temperatures to help the reaction of reforming into ammonia.
[10] In the conventional art, the size of device becomes large and a separate hydrolytic
catalytic unit should be installed, so the cost of the device is increased, and urea is reformed into ammonia by the temperature of exhaust gas, so if the temperature of exhaust gas is low, the supply quantity of reductant is small, thereby the efficiency of reducing nitrogen oxides becomes low. Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem
[11] Accordingly, the present invention is directed to solve the problems described above in regard to prior art and an object of the present invention is to provide a device for reducing nitrogen oxides whereby quantity of nitrogen oxides can be lowered by reduction using a electric heater with reduction catalyst directly coated on the surface thereof to activate the catalyst in a low-temperature range of exhaust gas. Technical Solution
[12] In order to accomplish the above objects, the present invention provides a device for reducing nitrogen oxides comprising: a catalyst-electric heater installed in the exhaust pipe and coated with reduction catalyst; a reductant injection unit which is installed forward of the electric heater to supply reductant; and a slip carrier which is installed rearward of the catalyst-electric heater to remove unreacted reductant that has passed through the catalyst-electric heater.
[13] According to the present invention, the reductant injection unit injects reductant to front sides of the catalyst-electric heater.
[14] Preferably, the length lengthwise of the exhaust pipe of the catalyst-electric heater is formed longer than the size of the diameter of the catalyst-electric heater in order to increase the reaction area of reduction catalyst with the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas.
[15] Preferably, the reduction catalyst is a catalyst of zeolite based or vanadia based material.
[16] According to the present invention, the reductant may be urea.
[17] Preferably, the catalyst coated on the slip carrier include platinum as a main ingredient.
[18] Preferably, the device for reducing nitrogen oxides according to the present invention further comprises a temperature sensor and a front pressure sensor installed forward of the reductant injection unit in the exhaust pipe, a rear pressure sensor installed r earward of the slip carrier in the exhaust pipe, and a control unit electrically connected with the temperature sensor, front pressure sensor, and rear pressure sensor, wherein the control unit controls the heat quantity of the catalyst-electric heater by calculating the flow rate of exhaust gas by the temperature detected by the temperature sensor and the pressure difference detected by the front pressure sensor and the rear pressure
sensor.
[19] Preferably, the length lengthwise of the exhaust pipe of the slip carrier is formed longer than the size of the diameter of the slip carrier.
Advantageous Effects
[20] According to the present invention, nitrogen oxides can be reduced by activating catalyst using low energy in a low-temperature range of exhaust gas, since reduction catalyst is directly coated on the surface of the catalyst-electric heater.
[21] Also, efficient control of power applied to the electric heater is possible as it is easy to control the surface temperature of the electric heater below catalyst activation temperature by varying the amount of current applied to the catalyst-electric heater according to the flow rate of exhaust gas.
[22] And the electric heater accomplishes uniform flow distribution of exhaust gas and the reaction area of the catalyst coated on the electric heater by increasing the length instead of reducing the diameter, and if the device is applied to an existing exhaust line, utilization of space can be maximized. Brief Description of the Drawings
[23] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a device for reducing nitrogen oxides according to a first embodiment of the present invention; and
[24] Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a device for reducing nitrogen oxides according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
[25] <Description of Symbols for Major Parts of the Drawings>
[26] 10, 11: exhaust pipe, 12: expanded portion,
[27] 20, 21: reductant injection unit, 30, 31: catalyst-electric heater,
[28] 40, 41: slip carrier, 50, 51: temperature sensor,
[29] 60, 61: front pressure sensor, 70, 71: rear pressure sensor
Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
[30] The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification wherein like reference characters designate corresponding parts in the several views. In the embodiments of the present invention, detailed description of the publicly known functions and configurations that are judged to be able to make the purport of the present invention unnecessarily obscure are omitted.
[31] Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a device for reducing nitrogen oxides that is installed in an exhaust pipe 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
[32] In accordance with this embodiment, the device for reducing nitrogen oxides comprises a catalyst-electric heater 30 installed forward of the exhaust gas stream supplied into the exhaust pipe 10, a slip carrier 40 installed rearward of the catalyst-
electric heater 30 in the exhaust pipe 10, and a reductant injection unit 20 for supplying reductant to the catalyst-electric heater 30.
[33] Since the catalyst-electric heater 30 is coated with reduction catalyst, it can play the role of reducing and removing part of nitrogen oxides included in the exhaust gas flowed from the exhaust pipe 10 together with reductant.
[34] As reduction catalyst, alumina (Al O ), silica (SiO ), titania (TiO ), ceria (CeO ), zirconia (ZrO ), or zeolite can be used, or two or more of these materials may be mixed for use.
[35] The catalyst-electric heater 30 installed may have a structure of a plurality of cells with metal sheets laminated, for example, a honeycomb structure.
[36] Accordingly, the contact area between the catalyst-electric heater 30 and the exhaust gases can be greatly increased.
[37] Also, in a case that the diameter of the catalyst-electric heater 30 is made below the diameter of the exhaust pipe 10 to install a device for reducing nitrogen oxides in the existing vehicle, installation space can be easily established. In the case of manufacturing a new vehicle, the constraint to installation space is small in mounting the device for reducing nitrogen oxides, so flexibility can be given to design the vehicle.
[38] And in a case that the diameter of the catalyst-electric heater 30 is made below the diameter of the exhaust pipe 10, the length of the catalyst-electric heater 30 can be formed long so as to reduce the loss of the contact area with nitrogen oxides.
[39] Here, at least the length of the catalyst-electric heater 30 is formed longer than the size of the diameter of the catalyst-electric heater 30, and it is preferable that the catalyst-electric heater 30 is optimally designed, based on the flow rate of the exhaust gas, temperature of the exhaust gas, heat quantity of the catalyst-electric heater 30, etc.
[40] Since the reductant injection unit 20 should supply reductant toward front sides of the catalyst-electric heater 30, it is preferable that the end portion of the reductant injection unit 20 is arranged in parallel lengthwise of the exhaust pipe 10.
[41] It is also preferable that the reductant injection unit 20 injects reductant uniformly to front sides of the catalyst-electric heater 30. Accordingly, a publicly known nozzle can be installed in the end portion of the reductant injection unit 20.
[42] As reductant contained in the reductant injection unit 20, urea (preferably, aqueous solution of urea) may be used.
[43] The slip carrier 40 located rearward of the catalyst-electric heater 30 plays a role of removing the reductant that did not react with nitrogen oxides even after it had passed through the catalyst-electric heater 30.
[44] A structure with many layers of metal sheets laminated, such as a honeycomb structure, etc. can be used for the slip carrier 40. The catalyst coated on the slip carrier 40 may be one or more selected from a group consisting of Pt, Pd, Ir and Rh, and Pt or
Pd is more preferable.
[45] In order to increase the contact area between the reductant and the catalyst, the slip carrier 40 also may have a long length, and it is preferable that at least the length of the slip carrier 40 is formed longer than the size of the diameter of the slip carrier 40.
[46] In order to control the quantity of heat generated from the catalyst-electric heater 30, electric energy supplied to the catalyst-electric heater 30 is controlled by a control unit (not shown).
[47] And, a temperature sensor 50 for detecting the temperature of exhaust gas and a front pressure sensor 60 for detecting the pressure of exhaust gas are installed forward of the catalyst-electric heater 30 and the reductant injection unit 20 in the exhaust pipe 10, and a rear pressure sensor 70 for detecting the pressure is installed rearward of the slip carrier 40.
[48] Accordingly, the control unit calculates the flow rate of exhaust gas by the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 50 and the pressure difference between front and rear of the electric heater 30 and the slip carrier 40 detected by the front pressure sensor 60 and rear pressure sensor 70, and by using this, it controls the quantity of current supplied to the electric heater 30.
[49] Namely, if the flow rate of exhaust gas increases, the amount of nitrogen oxides contained in exhaust gas also increases, so the control unit checks such flow rate of exhaust gas to increase the amount of current supplied to the electric heater 30.
[50] Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the state in which a device for reducing nitrogen oxides according to the second embodiment of the present invention is installed in the exhaust pipe 11.
[51] The general configuration of the device for reducing nitrogen oxides according to the second embodiment is identical with that of the device for reducing nitrogen oxides according to the first embodiment except that an expanded portion 12 is formed in the exhaust pipe 11 to install the electric heater 31 and the slip carrier 40.
[52] The expanded portion 12 has a diameter larger than that of the exhaust pipe 11, and the electric heater 31 and the slip carrier 41 of the second embodiment also have diameters larger than those of the electric heater 31 and the slip carrier 41 of the first embodiment.
[53] Accordingly, since the device for reducing nitrogen oxides of the second embodiment has a cross section larger than that of the first embodiment compared with the same length, the reaction area of the electric heater 31 and the slip carrier 41 with exhaust gas or reductant can be increased, so the total length of the device for reducing nitrogen oxides can be reduced.
[54] Therefore, the device for reducing nitrogen oxides of the second embodiment is suitable in the case that the cross section of the space to be installed in is sufficient but
the total length of vehicle is restricted.
[55] But even in the case of the second embodiment, as long as the space is secured for installing in the vehicle, it is preferable that the length of the electric heater 31 and slip carrier 41 is formed long so as to make the contact area of exhaust gas or reductant with catalyst large.
[56] While the present invention has been described with reference to the above preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made therein without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. Industrial Applicability
[57] As described in detail above, according to the present invention, nitrogen oxides can be reduced by activating catalyst using low energy in a low-temperature range of exhaust gas, since reduction catalyst is directly coated on the surface of the catalyst- electric heater.
[58] Also, efficient control of power applied to the electric heater is possible as it is easy to control the surface temperature of the electric heater below catalyst activation temperature by varying the amount of current applied to the catalyst-electric heater according to the flow rate of exhaust gas.
[59] And the electric heater accomplishes uniform flow distribution of exhaust gas and the reaction area of the catalyst coated on the electric heater by increasing the length instead of reducing the diameter, and if the device is applied to an existing exhaust line, utilization of space can be maximized.
Claims
[1] A device for reducing nitrogen oxides, comprising: a catalyst-electric heater installed in an exhaust pipe and coated with reduction catalyst; a reductant injection unit which is installed forward of said catalyst-electric heater to supply reductant; and a slip carrier which is installed rearward of said catalyst-electric heater to remove unreacted reductant that has passed through said catalyst-electric heater.
[2] The device for reducing nitrogen oxides of claim 1, wherein said reductant injection unit injects reductant to front sides of said catalyst-electric heater.
[3] The device for reducing nitrogen oxides of claim 1, wherein the length lengthwise of the exhaust pipe of said catalyst-electric heater is formed longer than the size of the diameter of said catalyst-electric heater in order to increase the reaction area of reduction catalyst with the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust pipe.
[4] The device for reducing nitrogen oxides of claim 1, wherein said reduction catalyst is a catalyst of zeolite based or vanadia based material.
[5] The device for reducing nitrogen oxides of claim 1, wherein said reductant is urea.
[6] The device for reducing nitrogen oxides of claim 1, wherein the catalyst coated on said slip carrier includes platinum as a main ingredient.
[7] The device for reducing nitrogen oxides of claim 1, further comprising a temperature sensor and a front pressure sensor installed forward of said reductant injection unit in the exhaust pipe, a rear pressure sensor installed rearward of said slip carrier in the exhaust pipe, and a control unit electrically connected with said temperature sensor, front pressure sensor, and rear pressure sensor, wherein said control unit controls the heat quantity of said catalyst-electric heater by calculating the flow rate of exhaust gas by the temperature detected by said temperature sensor and the pressure difference between front and rear of the catalyst-electric heater and the slip carrier detected by said front pressure sensor and said rear pressure sensor.
[8] The device for reducing nitrogen oxides of claim 1, wherein the length lengthwise of the exhaust pipe of said slip carrier is formed longer than the size of the diameter of said slip carrier.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1020070052171A KR100853716B1 (en) | 2007-05-29 | 2007-05-29 | Nox reducing device using catalyst-electric heater |
| KR10-2007-0052171 | 2007-05-29 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2008147068A1 true WO2008147068A1 (en) | 2008-12-04 |
Family
ID=39878447
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2008/002791 WO2008147068A1 (en) | 2007-05-29 | 2008-05-19 | Nox reducing device using catalyst-electric heater |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR100853716B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008147068A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019072503A1 (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-18 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Device and method for determining a heating temperature of a heating element for an electrically heatable catalytic converter, and motor vehicle |
| CN110985169A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-10 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Control method and device of post-processing system and post-processing system |
| GB2610221A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-03-01 | Finden Ltd | Apparatus for reducing NOx and method for preparing a catalyst for reducing NOx |
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| KR19980067959A (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-10-15 | 김영석 | Back pressure regulator of engine exhaust gas |
| KR19990024505A (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1999-04-06 | 김문찬 | Exhaust Gas Purification System for Diesel Engine |
| KR20020009353A (en) * | 2000-07-26 | 2002-02-01 | 김명환 | Complex Catalysts Used For Removing Nitrogen Oxides And Other Harmful Materials Among Flue Gases And Method For Preparing The Sames |
| KR20060121583A (en) * | 2005-05-24 | 2006-11-29 | 일진전기 주식회사 | Vehicle exhaust aftertreatment using catalytic coated electric heater |
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| KR19980031288A (en) * | 1996-10-31 | 1998-07-25 | 김영귀 | Vehicle catalytic converter purification efficiency increasing device |
| KR100212911B1 (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1999-08-02 | 김문찬 | Purification device of diesel engine emission exhaust gas |
| JP2002009353A (en) * | 2000-06-16 | 2002-01-11 | Internatl Superconductivity Technology Center | Bicrystal oxide superconducting film and high temperature superconducting josephson junction element and superconducting quantum inteference element using it |
| JP2007023997A (en) | 2005-07-21 | 2007-02-01 | Hino Motors Ltd | Exhaust emission control device |
| JP2007127069A (en) | 2005-11-04 | 2007-05-24 | Hino Motors Ltd | Exhaust emission control device |
-
2007
- 2007-05-29 KR KR1020070052171A patent/KR100853716B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR19980067959A (en) * | 1997-02-14 | 1998-10-15 | 김영석 | Back pressure regulator of engine exhaust gas |
| KR19990024505A (en) * | 1997-09-03 | 1999-04-06 | 김문찬 | Exhaust Gas Purification System for Diesel Engine |
| KR20020009353A (en) * | 2000-07-26 | 2002-02-01 | 김명환 | Complex Catalysts Used For Removing Nitrogen Oxides And Other Harmful Materials Among Flue Gases And Method For Preparing The Sames |
| KR20060121583A (en) * | 2005-05-24 | 2006-11-29 | 일진전기 주식회사 | Vehicle exhaust aftertreatment using catalytic coated electric heater |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019072503A1 (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2019-04-18 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Device and method for determining a heating temperature of a heating element for an electrically heatable catalytic converter, and motor vehicle |
| US11415036B2 (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2022-08-16 | Vitesco Technologies GmbH | Apparatus and method for ascertaining a heating temperature of a heating element for an electrically heatable catalytic converter |
| CN110985169A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-10 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Control method and device of post-processing system and post-processing system |
| CN110985169B (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2021-02-23 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Control method and device of post-processing system and post-processing system |
| GB2610221A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-03-01 | Finden Ltd | Apparatus for reducing NOx and method for preparing a catalyst for reducing NOx |
| GB2610221B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2024-02-14 | Finden Ltd | Apparatus for reducing NOx |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100853716B1 (en) | 2008-08-25 |
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