WO2008145776A1

WO2008145776A1 - System and method of flotation, stabilization and reduction of friction resistance of boats, platforms and artificial islands

Info

Publication number: WO2008145776A1
Application number: PCT/ES2008/000165
Authority: WO
Inventors: Manuel MUNÕZ SAIZ
Original assignee: Munoz Saiz Manuel
Priority date: 2007-05-25
Filing date: 2008-03-27
Publication date: 2008-12-04

Abstract

The system and method of flotation, stabilization and reduction of friction resistance for boats, platforms and artificial islands consists in a craft having in the underside thereof a pressurized air chamber open through the lower face and formed by side, front and back panels, walls or partitions and a roof in the upper part thereof; said chamber includes a number of side stabilizing sub-chambers, open or closed through the lower part thereof, formed between the side walls and a number of vertical or inclined panels equidistant from the perimeter of the craft and divided by others which are also vertical or inclined and radial or perpendicular with respect to the perimeter of the craft. At least one watertight chamber with intercommunication hatches is added to the roof of the pressurized chamber.

Description

SYSTEM AND METHOD OF FLOATING, STABILIZATION AND REDUCTION OF THE RESISTANCE OF FRICTION OF BOATS, PLATFORMS AND ARTIFICIAL ISLANDS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION.- In artificial islands and naval vehicles. STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE. The current boats mainly use a hull with the opening facing up, with the consequent problems because the lower area is completely in contact with the water and because of possible breaks, they are small and slow. They flip over their short sleeve and need great draft. They do not serve for high speeds, ship protection, landing of airplanes and those of air mattress waste a lot of energy. The present invention solves said problems. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION: a) Present a practical, simple, very safe flotation system, has great performance, and is no less affected by the waves, b) Reduce drag resistance to friction, c) Provide great stability, d ) Increase safety through different and independent flotation systems, e) That the system is valid for all types of depths and speeds, f) That the part of the ship in contact with water is very small, thereby reducing corrosion and the resistance by friction, g) That serves to protect other ships, h) That the airplanes can make stops in intermediate tracks when the oceans cross and islands do not exist, this is interesting for the proliferation of the twin-engine reactors, i) That the ship does not need much depth to move, j) That the system is very useful for the towing of goods, k) That the ship can acquire great speeds, and 1) That its large dimensions, great sleeve, little draft and its pressurized chambers subdivided longitudinally by transverse partitions it is very difficult to sink. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION.- The system and method of flotation, stabilization and reduction of the friction resistance for ships, platforms and artificial islands of the invention consists of a ship that presents in the lower area a pressurized air chamber opened by the face lower and formed by plates, walls or sidewalls, front and rear and a roof in its upper area, said chamber has lateral stabilizing subchambers, open or closed by its lower area, formed between the side walls and vertical or inclined plates equidistant from the contour of the ship and divided by others equally vertical or inclined and radial or perpendicular to the contour of said ship. On the roof of the pressurized chamber at least one sealed chamber with some intercom gates.

Over the upper sealed chamber, upper side walls can be added providing an additional helmet with the opening facing up. The watertight chambers and the upper one open provide additional emergency flotation systems, the watertight ones open exclusively for the introduction of merchandise, and are then closed to increase the safety of the ship.

You can add side chambers of rectangular, circular, oval section, at a dihedral angle with curved walls with the opening facing up. The walls of the side chambers of the ship in contact with water are small and can be made of aluminum or aluminum alloys, not affected by marine corrosion, carbon fiber, fiberglass, plastic, or metal coated with an insulating material . You can add a waterproof intermediate sheet of rubber or flexible plastic to prevent leakage due to breakage. The lateral radial plates are tilted back and down.

To reduce the resistance, it uses layers of paints, polymers, etc., sliding or non-adherent materials, hydrophobic, biocides, and the air microbubble system is applied to them by using porous air plates, or by taking advantage of their inclination, air films Lick its surface. The surface of the side plates are smooth or can have an external section in the form of saw teeth with an inclination of approximately six to ten degrees with respect to the horizontal. The internal inclined side walls can be licked by the air that is sent for loss recovery of the pressurized chamber. You can periodically send air or water vapor at high temperature to kill organisms, algae or parasites attached to the walls. The above features can be applied to a shirt, cover or membrane, which in turn covers the submerged area of the side plates. The bow and the stern can be formed by at least one inclined plate with a positive angle of attack the bow can be smaller and more flexible or elastic. The air chamber between them increases the longitudinal stability. The plates can be flexible and their sides are tilted, by means of corrugated rubber sheets or rubber bellows, depending on the speed of the ship. The back can be rigid. The front can add a strap or steel plate to increase its consistency, the pressure of the chamber tends to turn it forward and that of frontal impact of the air and water to turn it backwards. The positive angle of the bow and stern allows the ship to rise at high speed and depending on it.

The pressurized air chamber prevents most of the ship from being in contact with water greatly reducing the frictional resistance of the ship. The pressure is produced automatically by the weight of the ship on the trapped air. Said weight equals that of the water displaced by the portion of the pressurized chamber. It has the advantages of the air mattress but without the need to constantly introduce a large amount of air into the pressurized chamber.

The upper outer portion or platform, in addition to being able to transport goods, containers, etc., can accommodate airstrips of airplanes, swimming pools, facilities, rooms, pressurized treatment, rehabilitation, recreational or recreational rooms. It can have shape and dimensions for the protection of boats and carry aquariums, restaurants and cafes in lower areas with underwater glazed views.

The submerged and lateral elements of the ship adopt hydrodynamic form of little resistance to the advance.

The pressurized area can add intermediate, longitudinal and aligned partitions from bow to stern. You can take advantage of the installation of renewable energy systems, low pollution. For example, submerged or semi-submerged turbines that capture a large amount of energy when the platform or ship is anchored by the circulation of large amounts of water from the waves through or alongside them. The propulsion is achieved by means of water or air jet, propellers, vane wheels driven by gas turbines, diesel engines, atomic or electric motors. Due to its large width, you can use a complementary propulsion system with side or stern winds, consisting of one or more sails arranged between two large masts, the sails are lifted and lowered easily and quickly by ropes, cables and pulleys, also You can use an electric or hydraulic motor. A variant winds the sails on the masts that are rotating.

Proportionally, the larger the surface of the ship, the smaller the surface of the ship is exposed to water.

The pressure chamber will be more or less submerged depending on the state of the sea, with the calm sea the ship will be less submerged, the resistance to progress being less. To regulate the height of the air chamber a tube can be placed that communicates the pressure chamber with the outside and whose lower end determines the level of water inside said chamber. For an adjusted height of the tube and a specific weight of the ship, if the chamber pressure increases excessively, part of the air will escape until the water rises inside the duct and compensates the chamber pressure pressurized at that time the system will be in balance. The variation of the height of the duct allows a regulation that would not be achieved by leaving the air through the lower edges of the chamber, it would spurt and out of control. The chamber can be pressurized by several means: By means of pressurized air from compressors moved by the engines, from the propeller turbines, automatically with the air of the march in high-speed vehicles, by means of oscillating floats that drive compressors or impending suction pumps and also by compressing the air in some side chambers when the waves hit, a turbine is driven and it moves a compressor. The air inlet in the chamber can be obtained through ducts whose lower end sucks the air by ventura effect and deposits it in the pressurized chamber.

A sensor controls the pressure of the pressure chamber and determines when air must be blown into said chamber. The sensors also control pressure changes and possible air or water leaks. The side chambers can be supplied by a float ring that surrounds the ship totally or partially. They can also be formed by lateral wafers.

The side chambers can have their plates tilted inwards or outwards of the ship, and their walls can be curved.

You can add smaller chambers formed by the lower side walls, whose lower edge coincides approximately with the height of the water inside the pressurized chamber only act when there is a lot of imbalance, breakage etc.

The side chambers increase with increasing load and / or instability of the sea. Increasing the load automatically introduces greater volume of the side chambers in the water, especially if the walls converge towards the lower area. High-speed craft can add fixed and controllable side stabilizer fins. Its walls can also be vertically adjustable in the form of blades that can be lowered for example when the sea is raging. The steering can be controlled by asymmetric power with side turbines.

Catamarans can be built with two or more ships of the invention, in this case the stabilizing peripheral chamber is not necessary. With the present system, the greatest lift occurs with the pressurized chamber, in the catamarans the lift or flotation occurs exclusively in the large boats.

A variant admits multiple ships held superiorly by means of beams whose joint points use articulations, kneecaps or cardan joints. At the same time, The set can be covered with a flat roof formed by multiple plates. It can be used to transport oil and other liquids or fluids.

Very high speed ships can add a large alar surface.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 2 shows a schematic and sectioned view of the system of the invention.

Figures 1, 3. 23, 24 and 25 show schematic and sectioned views, variants of the system of the invention.

Figures 4, 5, 6 and 22 show schematic and partially sectioned views, variants of the system of the invention.

Figure 7 shows a plan view, variant of the vehicle seen from below.

Figure 11 shows a plan view, schematic and sectioned of a variant of the vehicle.

Figures 12 and 13 show schematic and partially sectioned plan views of vehicle variants.

Figures 10, 14, 18 and 21 show schematic plan views from above of variants of the system of the invention.

Figures 8 and 16 show schematic side views of variants of the system of the invention. Figures 9 and 15 show schematic and partially sectioned side views of variants of the system of the invention.

Figure 17 shows a front view of a variant of the vehicle.

Figures 19 and 20 show partial and sectional views of air pumping devices. Figures 26 and 27 show partial and sectional views of side walls.

MORE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The invention, figure 2, shows in the lower area a pressurized air chamber with the opening in the lower zone (8) between the walls (3) and the ceiling (1), said chamber adds lateral, open stabilizing chambers (5) by its inferior zone, formed by vertical or inclined plates (4) and the equidistant from the contour of the ship and divided by others equally vertical or inclined and radial or perpendicular to the contour of the ship, on the pressurized chamber one or more cameras are added Watertight (10) with intercom gates, the upper area can add upper side walls (7), forming the chamber (11) with the roof of the pressurized chamber (9) or deck of the ship, (2) being the opening of the lower chamber. The chambers (5) are divided by radial partitions not shown in the figure. Fl is the buoyant force of the pressurized chamber (8), F2 and F3 the buoyant forces of the stabilizing side chambers. Its sum equals the weight of the ship. Figure 1 shows a variant with the opening in the lower face (2), add the upper side walls (7) and between them and the surface (1), or deck of the ship, the upper open chamber is formed, in the lower area the pressurized chamber (8) is produced between the surface (1) and the side walls (3). Add the air chambers (5) or filled with polyurethane foam, expanded polystyrene, or similar, between the vertical separations (4) and the side walls (3), divided by radial partitions not shown in the figure, attached you can add some smaller chambers formed by the side walls of lower height (4a) whose lower edge coincides approximately with the height of the water inside the pressurized chamber, only act when there is a lot of imbalance or due to some breakage. The height of the duct (32) is adjusted by the electric motor (33) and the speed reducer (34), depending on the weight of the ship and the pressure to be maintained in the chamber. Fl shows the buoyant force of the pressurized chamber (8), F2 and F3 the buoyant forces of the stabilizing side chambers. Its sum equals the weight of the ship.

Figure 3 shows the pressurized air chamber (8) between the side walls (3) and the roof (1) with the opening in the lower area, said chamber carrying lateral, open stabilizing chambers (5) formed between the plates or walls (3 and 4).

Figure 4 shows the roof (1), the side walls (3), the intermediate walls (4), the front inclined plate (30) and the flexible undulations of its lateral areas (30a).

Figure 5 shows the side walls (3a) formed by multiple flexible sheets, the intermediate walls (4), the front inclined pancha (30) and the flexible undulations of its lateral zones (30a), the intermediate chambers (10) and their ceilings (9).

Figure 6 shows the narrow lateral wafers (3b), the very narrow central wafer (3c), the flexible front plate (30) and its lateral undulations (30a).

Figure 7 shows the ceiling of the pressurized chamber (1) the very narrow lateral wafers (3b), the very narrow central wafer (3c), the front and inclined flexible plate (30), its lateral undulations (30a) and the plate inclined rear (31). It refers to the same ship in Figure 6.

Figure 8 shows the water level (6), the side walls (3) of the flotation chamber, the inclined iron or front wall (30), the propeller (14) the duct discharge (37) of the turbine air flow, fixed or rotating fins (36 and 36a) and the passenger cabin (15). It is typical of a high-speed ship with propulsion by means of gas turbines sending air flow over the water.

Figure 9 shows the roof of the chamber (1), the water level (6), the turbine (14), the pressurized or flotation chamber (8), the double plates or front and inclined walls (30 and 30a) , the double sloping rear walls (31 and 31a), equal to or greater than the front and the passenger cabin (15). It represents the high speed ship of the figure

8 with different propeller. The turbines can be placed in the upper front area.

Although they are not necessary between the front plates and between the rear ones, longitudinal stabilizing chambers are created that are added to those created by the front and rear side chambers.

Figure 10 shows the cabin (15) and the inclined rear wall (31), rectangular in shape with the bow and stern rounded.

Figure 11 shows the outer side wall (3), the inner side (4), the side chambers (5) and their radial partitions (35 and 35a). It is similar to the ship in Figure 10.

Figure 12 shows the outer side walls (3), the inner wall (4), the side chambers (5), their partitions or radial dividers (35 and 35a), the inclined plates or front walls (30 and 30a) and propeller of pallets (13). It shows a rectangular ship. Figure 13 shows the side wall (3), the side chambers (5), their radial partitions or partitions (35 and 35a), the inclined back plate or wall (31) and the turbines (14). It shows a rectangular ship with the rounded bow.

Figure 14 shows an assembly consisting of upper platforms or ceilings of the pressurized chambers (1), vane turbines (13), the markers (40), the beams (50) and the markers between ships (60) these can be replaced by rings or chains. Top plates not shown.

Figure 15 shows the upper platform (1) or cover, lower opening (2) of the pressure chamber, side walls (3), intermediate walls (4), other optional intermediate partitions (4a), side chambers are shown in strokes. (5), sea surface (6) and pressurized chamber (8).

Figure 16 shows the upper platform (1) or deck, sea surface (6), pressurized rooms (16) for medical treatments, air inlet duct (18), filter (17), pressure regulator outlet air (19) and restaurants, cafes and leisure rooms or submerged treatments (20). Figure 17 shows the rotating masts (21 and 22) and sails (23) that retract and roll horizontally on said rotating masts.

Figure 18 shows the masts (21 and 22) and sails (23), the arrows and dashed sails indicate the lateral wind arrangement and those of continuous stern wind stroke. Figure 19 shows the buoy (25) that drives the pump or compressor (26) by means of the articulated arm and shaft (27), the pressurized air is sent to the pressurized chamber.

Figure 20 shows the pressure chamber (8), its upper wall (1), on the wall of the ship the forming fins of the lateral chambers (28) that send and compress the air by the action of sea waves to the pressure chamber (8) through the duct (29), the check valves (32) prevent air recoil.

Figure 21 shows the turbines (14), the cabin of the ship (15), the alar surface (38), the winglets (39), the inclined rear wall (31) and rudders and / or warping (41) . Figure 22 shows the iron or front wall formed by the rigid upper section (3Od), strip or steel plate (30b), the stretch of elastic fin (30c), the external water level (6), the air duct ( 51), whose lower end or nozzle when the water passes at high speed sucks air and introduces it into the pressurized chamber.

Figure 23 shows the ceiling of the pressurized chamber (1), the pressurized chamber (8), the side walls in the form of a wafer (3d and 4d) between which and through its lower area the air exits through the opening (49) according to the arrows (43 and 44), the air is injected into the nozzle by the duct (42), the optional longitudinal walls (4a).

Figure 24 shows the ceiling of the pressurized chamber (1), the pressurized chamber (8) and air inlet by (48), the side walls in the form of a wafer whose surface carries the riblets (45).

Figure 25 shows the ceiling of the pressurized chamber (1), the pressurized chamber (8), the porous side walls in the form of a wafer whose surface carries the riblets (45) and whose surface the microbubbles (46 and 47) leave, the air is injected through the duct (42). Figure 26 shows the walls formed by multiple riblets of cross-section in the form of a sawtooth (45), and inclined with respect to the direction of advance.

Figure 27 shows the walls formed by multiple riblets or cross-section of zigzag slanted saw teeth (45) in alternating rows (49).

Claims

1. System and method of flotation, stabilization and reduction of friction resistance for ships, platforms and artificial islands consisting of a ship that has in the lower area a pressurized air chamber opened by the underside and formed by plates, lateral, front and rear walls or partitions and a roof in its upper area, said chamber carries lateral stabilizing subchambers, open or closed by its lower zone, formed between the side walls and vertical or inclined plates equidistant from the contour of the ship and divided by others equally vertical or inclined and radial or perpendicular with respect to the contour of said ship, at least one watertight chamber with intercom gates are added to the ceiling of the pressurized chamber, it adds propellant systems and additional elements or means that reduce friction resistance

2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that it adds lateral chambers of rectangular, circular, oval or dihedral angle section with curved and widened walls upwards, the upper area adds upper side walls providing an additional hull with the opening facing up, with the wall or bottom of both formed by an iron or common wall.

3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the bow and stern are formed by inclined plates with a positive angle, the somewhat smaller bow, the plates are flexible and their sides are inclined, by means of corrugated rubber plates or rubber bellows, depending on the speed of the ship.

4. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the walls of the side chambers of the ship in contact with the water are aluminum or aluminum alloys, carbon fiber, fiberglass, plastic or metal coated with an insulating material and they are add a waterproof layer and as resistance reducing means use layers of paints, polymers etc., sliding or non-adherent materials, hydrophobic, biocides, and the air microbubble system is applied through the use of air porous plates, and taking advantage of its inclination some air films that lick its surface.

5. System according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the surface of the plates or walls is smooth and the internal inclined side walls are licked by the air that is sent for loss recovery of the pressurized chamber.

6. System according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that the surface of the plates or walls have their outer section in the form of saw teeth, with a inclination of approximately six to ten degrees from the horizontal, and the internal inclined side walls are licked by the air that is sent to recover the air losses from the pressurized chamber.

7. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressurized area adds intermediate longitudinal partitions aligned from bow to stern.

8. System according to claim 1, characterized by having sensors that control pressure changes and possible air or water leaks.

9. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy capture system consists of submerged or semi-submerged turbines that capture wave energy.

10. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the propulsion is achieved by means of water or air jet, large propellers, vane turbines driven by gas turbines, diesel engines, atomic or electric motors.

11. System according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by using a complementary propulsion system with side or stern winds, consisting of one or more sails arranged between two large masts, the sails are hoisted and lowered by means of cables or ropes and / or are wound on rotating masts.

12. System according to claim 1, characterized by having a tube that communicates the pressure chamber with the outside and whose lower end determines the level of water within said chamber, said tube is raised or lowered by an electrical system depending on the weight of the ship and the state of the sea.

13. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber is pressurized by means of oscillating floats that drive impending suction compressors and / or by compression of the air produced in lateral chambers when the waves hit, a turbine is driven and this moves a compressor.

14. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the side chambers consist of a float ring that surrounds the ship totally or partially.

15. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the side chambers have their plates inclined with their inclination towards the interior or exterior of the ship.

16. System according to claim 1, characterized by adding smaller chambers formed by the side walls of lower height, whose lower edge coincides approximately with the height of the water inside the pressurized chamber.

17. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the ships add fixed and controllable lateral and / or vertical stabilizing fins on the walls external of the pressurized chamber.

18. System according to claim 1, characterized by using multiple inverted helmets held superiorly by means of beams whose junction points use cardan joints, ball joints and joints and the assembly is covered with a flat roof formed by multiple plates.

19. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the ship has a large wing area.

20. Method and method of flotation, stabilization and reduction of friction resistance for ships, platforms and artificial islands consisting of a ship that has in the lower area a pressurized air chamber opened by the underside and formed by plates, side walls or partitions and a roof in its upper zone, said chamber carries lateral stabilizing sub-chambers, open or closed by its lower zone, formed between the side walls and some vertical or inclined plates equidistant from the contour of the ship and divided by others equally vertical or inclined and radial or perpendicular with respect to the contour of said ship, on the roof of the pressurized chamber at least one sealed chamber with intercom gates are added, adds propeller systems and additional friction resistance reducing means or elements .

21. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that it adds side chambers of rectangular, circular, oval or dihedral angle section with curved and widened walls upwards, the upper area adds upper side walls providing an additional hull with the opening facing up, with the wall or bottom of both formed by an iron or common wall.

22. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that the walls of the side chambers of the ship in contact with the water are made of aluminum or aluminum alloys, carbon fiber, fiberglass, plastic or metal coated with an insulating material and are add a waterproof layer and as resistance reducing means use layers of paints, polymers etc., sliding or non-adherent materials, hydrophobic, biocides, and the air microbubble system is applied through the use of air porous plates, and taking advantage of its inclination some air films that lick its surface.

23. Method according to claim 20 and 22, characterized in that the surface of the plates or walls is smooth and the internal inclined side walls can be licked by the air sent for recovery by loss of the pressurized chamber.

24. System according to claim 20 and 22, characterized in that the surface of the plates or walls have their external section in the form of saw teeth with an inclination of approximately six to ten degrees with respect to the horizontal and the internal inclined side walls are licked by the air that is sent for loss recovery of the pressurized chamber.

25. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that the pressurized air chamber acts as an air cushion and prevents most of the spacecraft from being in contact with water.

26. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that it is applied to catamarans with two or more inverted ships without the stabilizing peripheral chamber.

27. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that the bow and stern are formed by inclined plates with a positive angle, the bow slightly smaller, the plates are flexible and their sides are inclined, by means of corrugated rubber plates or rubber bellows, depending on the speed of the ship.

28. Method according to claim 20 and 21, characterized in that the external upper portion or platform, in addition to transporting goods, containers, etc., houses airstrips of airplanes, swimming pools, facilities, rooms, pressurized treatment, rehabilitation, recreational or recreational rooms. recreation, and the rooms in the lower area allow underwater views through glazed windows.

29. Method according to claim 20, characterized by applying on the side plates a jacket, membrane covered with layers of paints, polymers etc., sliding or non-adherent materials, hydrophobic, biocides, and / or an external section shaped like saw teeth. with an inclination of six to ten degrees.