WO2008141513A1 - Échelle à perches et son utilisation en échelle simple transformable, en échelle à plateforme, ou en escabeau - Google Patents

Échelle à perches et son utilisation en échelle simple transformable, en échelle à plateforme, ou en escabeau Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008141513A1
WO2008141513A1 PCT/CN2007/070226 CN2007070226W WO2008141513A1 WO 2008141513 A1 WO2008141513 A1 WO 2008141513A1 CN 2007070226 W CN2007070226 W CN 2007070226W WO 2008141513 A1 WO2008141513 A1 WO 2008141513A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ladder
pin
telescopic
platform
driving wheel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2007/070226
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kecheng Wang
Original Assignee
Kecheng Wang
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kecheng Wang filed Critical Kecheng Wang
Priority to EP07764155A priority Critical patent/EP2169175A1/en
Publication of WO2008141513A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008141513A1/zh
Priority to US12/623,464 priority patent/US8011475B2/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/32—Ladders with a strut which is formed as a ladder and can be secured in line with the ladder
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/04—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees
    • E06C1/08—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part
    • E06C1/12—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part extensible, e.g. telescopic
    • E06C1/125—Ladders for resting against objects, e.g. walls poles, trees multi-part extensible, e.g. telescopic with tubular longitudinal members nested within each other
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/38—Special constructions of ladders, e.g. ladders with more or less than two longitudinal members, ladders with movable rungs or other treads, longitudinally-foldable ladders
    • E06C1/39—Ladders having platforms; Ladders changeable into platforms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/42—Ladder feet; Supports therefor

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a ladder, and more particularly to a retractable, longitudinally foldable ladder that can be used on uneven ground to prevent the ladder from slipping or tipping, with a mobile step and platform. Background technique
  • the announcement number is CN2261504Y.
  • the announcement date is September 3, 1997.
  • the Chinese utility model patent discloses a "multi-functional combination ladder", which is a pair of ladders that are combined by two independent ladders. Through the threaded fasteners and the auxiliary feet provided in the ladder legs, one of the ladders can be freely adjusted to a height such that it can be used in a stairwell or a rugged terrain.
  • the shortcomings of this structural ladder are: The step-by-step contraction cannot be achieved, and the volume cannot be reduced to the optimal state after the ladder is contracted; when it is used, the working form cannot be quickly entered and exited.
  • the structural ladder is inconvenient to contract, and the connection of the ladder and the auxiliary foot in the longitudinal direction are not reliable enough, and it is prone to looseness, or it is easy to cause the ladder to fall due to the inadvertent movement of others.
  • the announcement day is CN2802059Y, and the announcement date is August 2, 2006.
  • the Chinese utility model patent discloses a "multi-functional multi-section combination ladder" consisting of a ladder frame and several ladder files on the ladder frame.
  • the ladder frame is composed of upper, middle and lower parts, the upper part is a ladder top, the middle part is a detachable and steered movable section, and the lower part is a ladder foot.
  • the central activity section is used as a telescopic ladder leg, and a gimbal and a chute are arranged on the ladder frame to form a ladder, or a ladder with a platform.
  • the ladder formed by the structure because the joint structure of the gimbal turning joint adopts the joint structure of the universal joint and the chute, the movable joint is adopted at the joint of the telescopic ladder leg, and cannot be contracted step by step, and the volume after the ladder is contracted cannot be reduced to
  • the optimal state too, can not quickly enter and exit the working form.
  • the publication number is 1516775A
  • the Chinese invention patent dated July 28, 2004 discloses a "foldable ladder” having a hollow ladder and a ladder.
  • the ladder rod is divided into several sections and inserted into each other in a telescopic manner.
  • the ladders are connected to each other in pairs, and the steps which are located above each other are formed.
  • Each of the step ends accommodates a retaining mechanism that is locked in a lower portion of the upper step by a locking pin at two separated or actuating positions of the two said steps that are disposed next to each other, The retaining mechanism can be released to insert the step located above.
  • the ladder has only the ability to telescopically extend in the longitudinal direction, and adopts a function of step-by-step contraction.
  • the above-mentioned prior art ladder has the following disadvantages: the structure is not perfect, the telescopic is inconvenient; there are unsafe factors; or the function is relatively simple.
  • the present invention provides a telescopic ladder and an upright combined ladder, a platform high stool and a ladder which are composed of a plurality of the telescopic ladders, and the telescopic ladder structure is simple and reasonable. It is easy to combine into a multi-purpose climbing tool with full function and high safety performance.
  • the technical solution of the telescopic ladder of the present invention is: comprising a plurality of step segments, each step segment is composed of hollow horizontal steps connecting the hollow columns on both sides, and a plurality of longitudinally connected step segments form a ladder, the plurality of ladders The diameters of the columns on both sides of the segment are sequentially increased from top to bottom, and the two adjacent columns are in a nested relationship in the axial direction.
  • the column is provided with a pin hole
  • the horizontal step is provided with a locking mechanism
  • the lock comprises two pin pins driven by the driving wheel and the intermediate transmission component, wherein the pin is respectively provided with a pin self-locking component;
  • the intermediate transmission component converts the rotation of the driving wheel into an axial movement of the pin, the two ends
  • the axis of the pin is on an extension line and coincides with the longitudinal direction of the horizontal step;
  • the driving wheel is embedded on the side wall of the hollow beam, and one end surface of the driving wheel is exposed on the side wall of the horizontal step, and the end surface is disposed on the end surface Have holes;
  • the self-locking member of the pin is composed of a compression spring that is fixed in the hollow transverse step and is in close contact with the pin.
  • an upright combined ladder comprising the above-mentioned telescopic ladder comprises a plurality of the telescopic ladders connected in sequence, and the connection between the two adjacent ladders is between the spiral connecting shaft and the hollow column of the ladder Threaded connection.
  • the utility model relates to a platform high stool which is composed of the above-mentioned telescopic ladder, wherein the high stool legs are composed of one or more pairs of telescopic ladders, and the telescopic ladders are connected by a spiral connecting shaft; the platform is composed of a pair of telescopic ladders, A connecting member is provided between the platform and the high stool leg.
  • a ladder is formed by using the above-mentioned telescopic ladder, and one or more pairs of telescopic ladders respectively form two ladder legs, and hinge members are arranged at upper ends of the two ladder legs.
  • the bottom of the column at the lowermost step is provided with a spiral auxiliary step, a non-slip step or a widened step.
  • Enhance the combination function of the ladder Expand the application of the ladder. After the ladder is deployed, an upright, herringbone or platform high stool can be formed as needed. It is suitable for the operator to carry out various climbing operations, and the space of the working site can be seen. The complex state of the ground, for example: in the working environment such as stairs, or outdoor, can be well applied.
  • the ladder of the invention has a height adjustment range of 1 meter to 7 meters; when combined with a high ladder pedal structure, the height of the high stool can be 1 Adjustable from meters to 7 meters, the length of the high bench platform can be adjusted from 0.8 meters to 2.2 meters.
  • Figure 1-1 is a schematic view showing the contracted state of the telescopic ladder of the present invention.
  • Figure 1-2 is an enlarged schematic view showing the structure of a lock pin mechanism in the telescopic ladder of the present invention
  • FIG. 1-3 are enlarged schematic views showing the structure of another locking mechanism in the telescopic ladder of the present invention.
  • Figure 1-4 is a working principle diagram of the locking mechanism shown in Figures 1-2 and 1-3;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of an upright combined ladder formed by the ladder shown in Figure 1-1;
  • Figure 3-1 is a front view of the platform stern consisting of the ladder shown in Figure 1-1;
  • FIG 3-2 and Figure 3-3 are two side views of the pedal in the platform high stool shown in Figure 3-1;
  • Figure 3-4 is a perspective view of the platform stool shown in Figure 3-1;
  • Figures 3-5 and 3-6 are enlarged views of two sides of the connecting member shown in Figure 3-1;
  • Figure 4-1 is a front view of the ladder formed by the ladder shown in Figure 1-1;
  • Figure 4-2 is a perspective view of the ladder of the figure shown in Figure 4-1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of a spiral auxiliary ladder leg and a non-slip step foot in the ladder of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the state of contraction of the complete assembly of the present invention.
  • Stool leg 403 a beam 404—pedal 405 - sleeve 406 - first sleeve 407 - second sleeve
  • the structure of the telescopic ladder 100 of the present invention comprises a plurality of step segments, each step segment is formed by a hollow horizontal step 102 connecting the hollow columns 101 on both sides, and a plurality of longitudinally connected segments form a ladder.
  • the diameters of the columns on the two sides of the plurality of steps are sequentially increased from top to bottom, and the two adjacent columns 101 are nested in the axial direction, and the column is provided with a pin hole 103, and the horizontal step 102 is disposed.
  • the locking mechanism 104 includes two ends of the pin 105 driven by the driving wheel and the intermediate transmission component, the pin 105 is respectively provided with a pin self-locking component; the intermediate transmission component rotates the driving wheel Transforming into the axial movement of the pin 105, the axis of the two ends of the pin 105 is on an extension line and coincides with the longitudinal direction of the horizontal step 102; the driving wheel is embedded on the side wall of the hollow horizontal step 102, An end surface 107 of the driving wheel is exposed on the side wall of the horizontal step 102, and the end surface 107 is provided with a hole 108; the pin self-locking member includes a spring 106 disposed in the hollow horizontal step 102, and the spring 106 is disposed on the pin 105 and Pin means between the frame and close contact with the pin 105, tensile force of the spring 106 drives the pin 105 into the pin holes automatically on the uprights 101,103.
  • the rotating driving wheel passes through the intermediate transmission member, for example, the rack 110 or the nylon belt 112 pulls the pin 105, at this time, the spring 106 is compressed, and the pin 105 is pulled out of the pin hole 103, and the receiving can be completed. Ladder action.
  • An embodiment of the latch mechanism 104 adopts a rack and pinion transmission form.
  • the driving wheel is a gear 109 structure
  • the intermediate transmission component is a rack 110 structure, one end thereof.
  • the gear 109 drives the intermediate transmission members of the two structures respectively, and the two ends of the pins 105 are respectively disposed at the intermediate transmission
  • the key rotating gear 109 is rotated, and the two racks 110 meshing with the gear 109 simultaneously drive the pin pins 105 at both ends to linearly move and exit the pin hole 103.
  • the drive wheel is a center wheel 111 structure
  • the intermediate transmission component is a flexible belt, for example: the flexible belt
  • a nylon belt 112 may be used.
  • One end of the nylon belt 112 is fixed on the center wheel 111, and the other end of the nylon belt is provided with a mounting ring for fixing the pin 105.
  • the center wheel 111 drives two nylon belts 112 respectively.
  • the center wheel 111 is rotated by the key, and the center wheel 111 drives the nylon belt 112 to wind the pulling pin 105 for linear movement and exits the pin hole 103.
  • the pin 105 is automatically inserted into the pin hole 103 located inside the column 102 under the action of the pressure spring 108.
  • the self-locking of the horizontal step 102 and the column 101 is formed, thereby locking the pulled step, and the retraction of the step can be effectively prevented.
  • the operator inserts the key into the key hole 108 exposed on the side wall of the horizontal step 102, and rotates the key to rotate the driving wheel (ie, the gear 109 or the center wheel 111 in the above different scheme) and passes through the two sets.
  • the intermediate transmission component i.e., the rack 110 or the nylon belt 112 in different schemes
  • the intermediate transmission component simultaneously drives the pins 105 at both ends to retreat until it is withdrawn from the pin hole 103 of the column 101, thereby unlocking; at this time, the operator can use another one.
  • the step is pressed by the hand to complete the stepping action.
  • the above-mentioned ladder and take-up action can be completed quickly by only one person, and the process is completed safely, reliably and efficiently.
  • a plurality of the above-mentioned telescopic ladders 100 can be connected and combined into an upright combined ladder, including a plurality of the telescopic ladders 100 connected in sequence, and the connection between the two adjacent ladders 100 is adopted.
  • FIG. 2 shows that each pair of telescopic ladders 100 is composed of six telescopic segments, and a plurality of step segments can be pulled according to the working height. When the height exceeds the length of the sixth-order fully extended state, the spiral connecting shaft can also be used.
  • 201 performs two or more pairs of telescopic ladders 100 to connect the high.
  • One embodiment of the upright modular ladder of the present invention is formed by combining three pairs of the telescoping ladders 100, the maximum height of which can be up to approximately 7 meters. With multiple pairs of telescopic ladders 100, when the ladder height exceeds 4 meters, it is best to set the ladder feet to widen the ladder legs 300 for safety and stability.
  • the above-mentioned telescopic ladder 100 is combined into a platform high stool.
  • the high stool legs 402 are composed of one or more pairs of telescopic ladders 100.
  • the telescopic ladders 100 are connected by a spiral connecting shaft 201.
  • the platform 401 is composed of a pair of telescopic ladders 100.
  • a pedal 404 is laid on the platform 401; a connecting member is disposed between the platform 401 and the high bench leg 402, as shown in FIG.
  • the connecting member is composed of a spiral connecting shaft 201 connecting the ladder column 101 and a supporting beam 403.
  • the beam 403 is provided with a sleeve 405 at both ends, and the sleeve 405 includes two The sleeves in the intersecting position, that is, the first sleeve 406 sleeved on the screw connection shaft 201 and the second sleeve 407 inclined to the first sleeve 406, need to be combined with a platform stool, such as: Figure 3-1 and 3-4 shows a platform stern consisting of three pairs of telescopic ladders 100 and connecting members, one of which serves as a platform 401, the other two as a high stool leg 402, the platform 401 and the high stool legs 402 at both ends
  • the second sleeve 407 on the sleeve 405 at both ends of the beam 403 is first aligned and placed on the column of the high stool leg 402, and then the screw 201 is connected to the column 201.
  • the bench legs 402 are secured to the platform 401 to combine the platform high stools.
  • the high step stool legs can also be used to widen the ladder legs 300; a plurality of pedals 404 are laid on the high stool platform 401, as shown in Figures 3-2 and 3-3, each of the pedals 404
  • the structure is the same, that is: the two sides of the pedal 404 are respectively provided with hook cards, and are staggered, for example: two hook cards are arranged on one side of the pedal 404, and three hook cards are arranged on the other side, so that the adjacent sorting is performed.
  • the hooks on the sides of the two pedals 404 are staggered.
  • the hooks of the adjacent pedals 404 are cross-locked on the horizontal steps of the platform 401 without mutual interference.
  • the number of pedals 404 laid on the platform 401 depends on the work site. Specific circumstances.
  • the length of the platform 401 can be adjusted from 0.8 meters to 2. 2 meters.
  • the height of the platform stool can be determined by adjusting the high stool legs 402.
  • the venue using the high stool is not flat, it is also possible to adjust the high stool legs on both sides of the high stool to a height and a short position by adding a spiral auxiliary ladder leg 600 at the bottom of the high stool ladder to suit the specific situation of the site.
  • the length of the high stool platform 401 and the height adjustment of the high stool legs 402 are also achieved by pulling or retracting the steps.
  • the high stool legs in the high stool of the platform of the present invention can be formed by erecting multiple pairs of (for example: three pairs of) telescopic ladders, so that the working height of the platform high stool ranges from 1 to 7 meters, depending on the work site. .
  • the above-mentioned telescopic ladder is used to form a ladder, wherein one or more pairs of telescopic ladders 100 respectively form two ladder legs 501, and hinge members 502 are disposed at upper ends of the two ladder legs 501.
  • the two pairs of telescopic ladders are hinged by the ladder hinge member 502, that is, the two legs of the hinge member 502 are respectively provided with pin holes, and when the bracket legs are inserted into the ladder
  • the pin 105 in the uppermost horizontal step pin locks the hinge member 502, so that the two pairs of straight ladders realize the articulation of the ladder.
  • a tray 503 is provided at the horizontal step of the upper portion of the ladder to facilitate an operator to place a tool or the like thereon. Also, the height of the ladder can be achieved by pulling or contracting the ladder. When the ladder of the present invention is placed on an uneven site, such as a stairway, an outdoor uneven ground, etc., the height of any of the sub-ladders can be adjusted to maintain a stable working state.
  • Fig. 5 is a view showing the micro-adjustment height operation of the step legs in the combined state of the various different structural ladders described above. It is realized by a screw-assisted ladder leg 600 which is screwed to the shaft 201 structure. Each time the screw-assisted ladder leg 600 is screwed in or out, the height will be raised or lowered by a pitch, so that it compensates for the entire stepped telescopic Inadequacies in adjustment. Depending on the specific conditions of the ground floor, it is required to adjust between the first-order expansion and contraction, or only when there is a height adjustment requirement for one leg of the ladder.
  • the spiral assisting ladder legs 600, the anti-skid step legs or the widened step legs 300 may be selectively disposed at the bottom of the upright step.
  • the present invention constitutes a schematic diagram of a complete set of components of different types of multi-type ladders, and it can be seen that the three pairs of telescopic ladders 100 are combined with other related accessories, such as: multiple platform pedals. 404, a ladder ladder hinge member 502, a screw connection shaft 201, a tray 503, a beam 403, a widened step foot 300 and a non-slip step 600, a key, and the like.
  • the entire assembly shrinks and takes up less space. It only needs two common sizes, for example: long * wide * 800*600 * 200 mm high suitcase can be loaded, very convenient for out construction, transportation, storage or carrying.

Description

可伸缩梯子及其直立组合式梯子、 平台高凳和人字梯 技术领域
本发明涉及一种梯子， 尤其是涉及一种可伸縮的、 可纵向折叠的、 可以在不平的地面 上使用的、 能防止梯子滑动或倾倒的， 带有移动式梯阶及平台的梯子。 背景技术
目前， 现有技术中的组合式梯子在不同程度上均存在组合性和安全性不佳的问题， 因 此导致了应用场合受到了局限。
公告号是 CN2261504Y, 公告日是 1997年 9月 3日的中国实用新型专利公开了一种 《多 功能组合梯》， 是将两副独立使用的单梯通过铰链连接组合后成为一副人字梯， 通过螺纹 紧固件和设置在梯腿内的辅助脚， 将其中一副梯子随意调节高度， 使之可在楼梯间或高低 不平的场地使用的的伸縮梯。 该结构梯子的不足之处是： 不能实现逐阶收縮， 梯子收縮后 体积不能縮小到最优的状态； 使用时， 不能快速进入和退出的工作形态。 该结构梯子收縮 不便， 无论是人字梯的连接还是纵向上辅助脚的连接均不够可靠， 容易出现松动， 或由于 他人的不慎动作， 极易造成梯子的倾倒。
公告日是 CN2802059Y, 公告日是 2006年 8月 2日的中国实用新型专利公开了一种 《多功能多节组合梯子》， 由梯子架及设于梯子架上的若干条梯子档所组成， 所述的梯子 架由上、 中、 下三部分组成， 上部为梯顶， 中部为可拆卸、 转向的活动节， 下部为梯脚。 中部活动节部位作为伸縮梯腿， 在梯架上设有万向节和滑槽以组成人字梯、 或带有平台的 梯子。 该结构组成的人字梯， 由于人字梯转折连接处采用万向节和滑槽的配合结构， 在伸 縮梯腿的连接处采用活动节， 不能逐阶收縮， 梯子收縮后的体积不能縮小到最优的状态， 也不能快速进入和退出的工作形态。而且不能产生稳定的自锁， 固定不可靠， 安全性不好， 如： 一旦梯子下面有人误操作挪动插销， 或无意碰撞插销， 极易会给梯子上方的人员造成 严重的伤害。
公开号是 1516775A,公开日是 2004年 7月 28日的中国发明专利公开了一种《可折叠 的梯子》， 具有中空的梯杆和梯档， 梯杆被分成几段， 相互可伸縮地插入， 在上部成对地 利用梯档相互连接， 形成了相互位于上方的梯段。 梯档端部中的每一个容纳有保持机构， 该保持机构在两个相互跟随设置的两个所述梯段的分离位置或作用位置， 利用锁定销锁定 在位于上方的梯段的下部， 该保持机构可被释放， 以便使位于上方的所述梯段插入。 该梯 子只具备可沿纵向伸縮， 采用了逐阶收縮的功能， 类似于电视拉杆天线， 能够快速进入工 作形态， 也能够收縮到最优化。 但是收縮时， 需要用双手推动该阶左右两侧的锁销， 单人 操作的难度大， 而且， 一旦梯下的人误动作， 会导致上面工作的人造成严重伤害。 该梯子 结构功能较为单一。
综上所述， 上述现有技术梯子的不足之处是： 结构不尽完善， 伸縮不便； 存在着不安 全因素； 或功能较为单一。 发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明提供了一种可伸縮梯子及其由多副该可伸縮 梯子组成的直立组合式梯子、平台高凳和人字梯， 该可伸縮梯子结构简单合理， 便于组合 成功能齐全， 安全性能高的多用途登高作业工具。
本发明中的可伸縮梯子予以实现的技术方案是： 包括若干阶梯段， 每阶梯段由连接两 侧中空立柱的中空横阶构成， 多个依次纵向相连的梯段组成梯子， 所述多个梯段两侧立柱 的直径由上至下依次递增， 两两相邻的立柱轴向上为嵌套关系， 所述立柱上设置有销孔， 所述横阶内设置有锁销机构， 所述锁销机构包括由主动轮及中间传动部件带动的两端销 钉， 所述销钉上分别设置有销钉自锁部件； 所述中间传动部件将主动轮的转动变换为销钉 的轴向移动， 所述两端销钉的轴线在一条延长线上， 并与所述横阶的纵向一致； 所述主动 轮嵌在中空横梁侧壁上， 所述主动轮的一端面外露于横阶侧壁， 在该端面上设置有孔； 所 述销钉自锁部件由固定在中空横阶内， 并与所述销钉紧密接触的压力弹簧构成。
本发明中一种采用上述可伸縮梯子组成的直立组合式梯子， 包括依次连接的多副所述 可伸縮梯子， 两两相邻的梯子之间的连接是采用螺旋连接轴与梯子中空立柱之间的螺纹连 接。
本发明中一种采用上述可伸縮梯子组成的平台高凳， 高凳腿由一至多副可伸縮梯子构 成， 可伸縮梯子之间采用螺旋连接轴连接； 平台由一副可伸縮梯子构成， 所述平台与高凳 腿之间设置由连接部件。
本发明中一种采用上述可伸縮梯子组成的人字梯， 由一至多副可伸縮梯子分别组成两 副梯腿， 在两副梯腿上端设置有铰链部件。
在上述各种梯子中位于最下面梯段的立柱底部设置有螺旋辅助梯脚、 防滑梯脚或加宽 梯脚。
与现有技术相比， 本发明可伸縮梯子及其用该伸縮梯子组合而成的上述各种梯子的有 益效果是：
( 1 ) 大大提高了安全性： 由于伸縮梯子时需要专用的钥匙， 从而避免了由于旁人的 误动作而引起梯子倾倒， 以导致人身伤害；
(2) 收梯操作非常方便： 操作者只需要一只手旋转钥匙， 另外一只手压縮需要收起 的那节梯段即可方便的完成收梯动作； 而现有技术伸縮梯收梯时往往需要用两只手驱动两 侧的插销， 由一人完成收梯几乎是不可行的； 而本发明中涉及到的各种梯子可一人独立操 作， 尤其是对于一个人外出施工作业的工人， 可以利用本发明的梯子， 完成多种场合的高 处作业。
(3 ) 增强了梯子的组合功能： 扩大了梯子的适用场合， 梯子展开后， 根据需要可以 形成直立、 人字或平台高凳， 适合操作人进行多种登高作业， 可视工作场地的空间大小、 地面的复杂状态， 例如： 在楼梯、 或室外等工作环境下， 均可以得到很好的应用。 本发明 的梯子， 其高度的调节范围在 1米至 7米； 组合为高梯踏板结构时， 其高凳的高度可在 1 米至 7米范围内调整， 高凳平台的长度可在 0.8米至 2.2米范围内调整。
(4) 在运输或收放时占用空间小： 全套梯子收縮后仅需两只普通大小的手提箱即可。 附图说明
图 1-1是本发明可伸縮梯子收縮状态示意图；
图 1-2是本发明可伸縮梯子中一种锁销机构的结构放大示意图；
图 1-3是本发明可伸縮梯子中另一种锁销机构的结构放大示意图；
图 1-4是图 1-2和图 1-3所示锁销机构的工作原理图；
图 2是由图 1-1所示梯子组成的直立组合示式梯子结构示意图；
图 3-1是由图 1-1所示梯子组成的平台高凳的主视图；
图 3-2和图 3-3是图 3-1所示平台高凳中踏板的两面视图；
图 3-4是图 3-1所示平台高凳的立体图；
图 3-5和图 3-6是图 3-1中所示连接部件的两面放大视图；
图 4-1是由图 1-1所示梯子组成的人字梯的主视图；
图 4-2是图 4-1所示人字梯的立体图；
图 5是本发明梯子中螺旋辅助梯腿及防滑梯脚的示意图；
图 6是本发明中全套组件收縮状态示意图。
下面是本发明说明书附图中主要附图标记的说明：
100—一可伸縮梯子 101— 立柱 102——横阶
103—一销孔 104—一锁销机构 105——销钉
106—一压力弹簧 108— —孔 109——齿轮
110—一齿条 111— 中心轮 112——尼龙带
201—一螺旋连接轴 300—一加宽梯脚 401——平台
402— 1¾1凳腿 403—一横梁 404——踏板 405——套筒 406——第一套筒 407——第二套筒
501——梯腿 502——铰链部件 503——托盘
600——螺旋辅助梯腿 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细的描述：
如图 1-1所示， 本发明可伸縮梯子 100的结构是包括若干阶梯段， 每阶梯段由连接两 侧中空立柱 101的中空横阶 102构成， 多个依次纵向相连的梯段组成梯子， 所述多个梯段 两侧立柱的直径由上至下依次递增， 两两相邻的立柱 101轴向上为嵌套关系， 所述立柱上 设置有销孔 103， 所述横阶 102内设置有锁销机构 104， 所述锁销机构 104包括由主动轮 及中间传动部件带动的两端销钉 105， 所述销钉 105上分别设置有销钉自锁部件； 所述中 间传动部件将主动轮的转动变换为销钉 105的轴向移动， 所述两端销钉 105的轴线在一条 延长线上， 并与所述横阶 102的纵向一致； 所述主动轮嵌在中空横阶 102侧壁上， 所述主 动轮的一端面 107外露于横阶 102侧壁， 在该端面 107上设置有孔 108; 所述销钉自锁部 件包括设置在中空横阶 102内的弹簧 106，该弹簧 106设在销钉 105与锁销机构框架之间， 并与所述销钉 105紧密接触， 弹簧 106的伸张力驱使销钉 105自动进入立柱 101上的销孔 103。 反之， 若旋转主动轮通过中间传动部件， 例如； 齿条 110或尼龙带 112对销钉 105 的牵拉作用， 此时， 将弹簧 106压縮， 并将销钉 105拔出销孔 103， 可以完成收梯动作。
所述锁销机构 104的一种实施方式采用的是齿轮齿条传动形式， 如图 1-2所示， 所述 主动轮为齿轮 109结构， 所述中间传动部件为齿条 110结构， 其一端为与齿轮 109啮合的 齿条 110， 另一端设置有用来固定销钉 105的安装环； 所述齿轮 109分别带动两个上述结 构的中间传动部件， 所述两端销钉 105分别设置在所述中间传动部件的安装环上， 当需要 收梯时， 用钥匙旋转齿轮 109转动， 通过与齿轮 109啮合的两个齿条 110同时带动两端销 钉 105作直线移动并退出销孔 103。 所述锁销机构的另一种实施方式采用的带轮传动形式， 所图 1-3所示， 所述主动轮为 中心轮 111结构， 所述中间传动部件为柔性带， 例如： 该柔性带可采用尼龙带 112， 所述 尼龙带 112的一端固定在所述中心轮 111上， 在尼龙带的另一端设置有固定销钉 105的安 装环； 所述中心轮 111分别带动两条尼龙带 112， 当需要收梯时， 通过钥匙旋转中心轮 111 转动， 中心轮 111带动尼龙带 112卷绕牵拉销钉 105作直线移动， 并退出销孔 103。
如图 1-4所示， 当上述可伸縮梯子 100需要拉伸后形成工作状态， 当拉出某阶梯段时， 销钉 105在压力弹簧 108的作用下， 自动插入位于立柱 102内侧的销孔 103内， 形成横阶 102与立柱 101的自锁， 从而将拉出的梯段锁固， 可以有效地防止该梯段的回縮。 当工作 完毕收梯时， 操作人员用钥匙插入露在横阶 102侧壁上的钥匙孔 108中， 旋转钥匙使主动 轮 （即上述不同方案中的齿轮 109或中心轮 111 ) 转动并通过两套中间传动部件 （即不同 方案中的齿条 110或尼龙带 112 ) 同时带动两端的销钉 105向后退， 直至从立柱 101的销 孔 103中退出， 实现开锁； 此时， 操作人员可以用另外一只手按压该梯段， 从而完成收梯 动作。 上述拉梯和收梯动作仅由一人便可快捷完成， 完成该过程安全、 可靠、 高效。
如图 2所示， 利用多副上述可伸縮梯子 100可连接组合成一种直立组合式梯子， 包括 依次连接的多副所述可伸縮梯子 100， 两两相邻的梯子 100之间的连接是采用螺旋连接轴 201与梯子中空立柱 101之间的螺纹连接。 图 2中示出了每副可伸縮梯子 100由可以伸縮 的六阶梯段组成，根据工作高度可以拉出数阶梯段， 当高度超过六阶全伸出状态的长度时， 还可以用螺旋连接轴 201进行二副或多副可伸縮梯子 100接高组合。 本发明直立组合式梯 子的一个具体实施例是将三副该可伸縮梯子 100进行组合形成的， 其最大高度可以达到近 7米。 采用多副可伸縮梯子 100组合后， 当梯子高度超过 4米时， 为了安全和稳固， 最好 将梯脚设置为加宽梯脚 300。
利用上述可伸縮梯子 100组合成平台高凳， 高凳腿 402由一至多副可伸縮梯子 100构 成，可伸縮梯子 100之间采用螺旋连接轴 201连接；平台 401由一副可伸縮梯子 100构成， 在平台 401上面铺设踏板 404;所述平台 401与高凳腿 402之间设置有连接部件，如图 3_5 和图 3-6所示， 所述连接部件由连接梯子立柱 101的螺旋连接轴 201和起支撑作用的横梁 403组成， 所述横梁 403两端设置有套筒 405， 套筒 405包括两个呈相交位置的套筒， 即 套在螺旋连接轴 201上的第一套筒 406和与第一套筒 406倾斜的第二套筒 407， 需要组合 平台高凳时， 如： 图 3-1和图 3-4示出了由三副可伸縮梯子 100和连接部件构成的平台高 凳， 其中一副梯子当作平台 401， 另外两副梯子作为高凳腿 402， 平台 401与两端的高凳 腿 402之间分别由横梁 403及螺旋连接轴 201连接， 先将横梁 403两端套筒 405上的第二 套筒 407对准并套在高凳腿 402的立柱上，再通过螺旋连接轴 201将高凳腿 402与平台 401 固定住， 从而将平台高凳组合起来。 另外， 为了稳固和安全， 其高凳梯脚也可采用加宽梯 脚 300; 在高凳平台 401上铺设多块踏板 404， 如图 3-2和图 3-3所示， 每块踏板 404的 结构相同， 即： 踏板 404两侧面分别设置有钩卡， 且为交错分布， 例如： 在踏板 404的一 侧设置有两个钩卡， 另一侧设置有三个钩卡， 从而使相邻排序的两块踏板 404侧面的钩卡 为交错分布， 铺设时， 相邻踏板 404的钩卡交叉卡在平台 401的横阶上， 互不干涉， 平台 401上铺设踏板 404的个数依工作场地的具体情况而定。 平台 401的长度可以在 0. 8米到 2. 2米范围调整。 同理， 平台高凳的高度可以通过调整高凳腿 402而定。 另外， 如果使用 高凳的场地不平整， 还可以通过在高凳梯腿底部增设螺旋辅助梯腿 600将高凳两侧的高凳 腿调整成一高一矮以适合场地的具体情况。 同使用可伸縮梯子 100—样， 该高凳平台 401 的长短和高凳腿 402的高矮调整， 也是通过拉出或收縮梯段来实现的。 当然， 本发明平台 高凳中的高凳腿部分可以用多副 （例如： 三副） 可伸縮梯子直立组合后形成， 使平台高凳 的工作高度范围在 1至 7米， 视工作场地而调整。
采用上述可伸縮梯子组成人字梯， 其中由一至多副可伸縮梯子 100分别组成两副梯腿 501， 在两副梯腿 501上端设置有铰链部件 502。 如图 4-1和图 4-2所示， 由二副可伸縮梯 子用人字梯铰链部件 502铰接而成， 即铰链部件 502的两支架腿上分别设有销孔， 当该支 架腿插入梯腿 501时， 最上部横阶内的销钉 105将铰链部件 502销锁， 使两副直梯实现人 字梯铰接。在所述梯子上部的横阶处设置有托盘 503， 以便于操作人员将工具等放置于此。 同样， 该人字梯高度可以通过拉出或收縮梯段来实现。 当本发明人字梯置于不平场地工作 时， 例如楼梯处， 室外的不平地面等， 可以通过调整其中任一副梯的高度， 来保持稳固的 工作状态。
图 5示出了在上述各种不同结构梯子的组合状态下，对梯脚的微调整高度工作示意图。 它是通过螺旋连接轴 201结构的螺旋辅助梯腿 600来实现的， 该螺旋辅助梯腿 600每旋进 或旋出一圈， 高度将升高或降低一个螺距， 从而它补偿了整段阶梯伸縮调整的不足之处。 根据现场地面的具体状况， 要求在一阶伸縮量之间进行时， 或者仅对于梯子一条腿有高度 调整要求时， 可灵活地进行调整。
根据上述各种不同结构梯子具体使用场地的情况， 在位于最下面梯段的立柱底部可以 选择地设置有螺旋辅助梯腿 600、 防滑梯脚或加宽梯脚 300。
如图 6所示， 本发明构成不同多款、 多型梯子的全套组件收放时的示意图， 从中可看 出在三副可伸縮梯子 100的基础上配合其他相关附件， 诸如： 多块平台踏板 404、 人字梯 铰链部件 502、 螺旋连接轴 201、 托盘 503、 横梁 403、 加宽梯脚 300和防滑梯脚 600、 钥 匙等。 根据工作环境和场地的需要， 可以灵活的组合出所需要的直立组合式梯子、 平台高 凳或人字梯。 整套组件收縮后占用空间小， 只需两只普通大小， 例如： 长 *宽 *高为 800*600*200毫米的手提箱即可装入， 非常便于外出施工、 运输、 存放或携带。
尽管上面结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行了描述， 但是本发明并不局限于上述的 具体实施方式， 上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的， 而不是限制性的， 本领域的普通技 术人员在本发明的启示下， 在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下， 还可以 作出很多形式， 这些均属于本发明的保护之内。

Claims

权 利 要 求
1.一种可伸縮梯子，包括若干阶梯段， 每阶梯段由连接两侧中空立柱的中空 横阶构成， 多个依次纵向相连的梯段组成梯子， 所述多个梯段两侧立柱的直径由 上至下依次递增， 两两相邻的立柱轴向上为嵌套关系， 所述立柱上设置有销孔， 所述横阶内设置有锁销机构， 其特征在于：
所述锁销机构包括由主动轮及中间传动部件带动的两端销钉，所述销钉上分 别设置有销钉自锁部件；所述中间传动部件将主动轮的转动变换为销钉的轴向移 动， 所述两端销钉的轴线在一条延长线上， 并与所述横阶的纵向一致； 所述主动 轮嵌在中空横梁侧壁上，所述主动轮的一端面外露于横阶侧壁， 在该端面上设置 有孔； 所述销钉自锁部件由设置在中空横阶内， 并与所述销钉紧密接触的压力弹 簧构成。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述可伸縮梯子， 其特征在于： 所述主动轮为齿轮， 所 述中间传动部件一端是与所述齿轮啮合的齿条， 其另一端是固定销钉的安装环； 所述齿轮分别带动两个上述的中间传动部件，所述两端销钉分别设置在所述中间 传动部件的安装环上， 当齿轮旋转时， 通过与齿轮啮合的两个齿条带动两端销钉 作直线移动。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述可伸縮梯子， 其特征在于： 所述中间传动部件为柔 性带，所述柔性带的一端固定在所述主动轮上， 其另一端设置有固定销钉的安装 环； 所述主动轮分别带动两个上述的中间传动部件， 所述两端销钉分别设置在所 述中间传动部件的安装环上， 当主动轮旋转时， 柔性带绕主动轮固定在主动轮上 的柔性带带动两端销钉作直线移动。
4. 一种采用如权利要求 1至 3任一项所述可伸縮梯子的直立组合式梯子， 其特征在于： 包括依次连接的多副所述可伸縮梯子， 两两相邻的梯子之间的连接 采用螺旋连接轴与梯子中空立柱之间的螺纹连接。
5. 一种采用如权利要求 1至 3任一项所述可伸縮梯子的平台高凳， 其特征 在于：高凳腿由一至多副可伸縮梯子构成，可伸縮梯子之间采用螺旋连接轴连接; 平台由一副可伸縮梯子构成， 所述平台与高凳腿之间设置由连接部件。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述平台高凳， 其特征在于： 所述连接部件由连接梯子 立柱的螺旋连接轴和起支撑作用的横梁组成。
7. 根据权利要求 5所述平台高凳， 其特征在于： 在所述平台上面铺设踏板。
8. 一种采用如权利要求 1至 3任一项所述可伸縮梯子的人字梯， 其特征在 于：由一至多副可伸縮梯子分别组成两副梯腿，在两副梯腿上端设置有铰链部件。
9. 根据权利要求 8所述人字梯， 其特征在于： 所述梯子上部的横阶处设置 有托盘。
10. 根据权利要求 1至 9中任一所述梯子， 其特征在于： 位于最下面梯段的 立柱底部设置有螺旋辅助梯腿、 防滑梯脚或加宽梯脚。
PCT/CN2007/070226 2007-05-22 2007-07-03 Échelle à perches et son utilisation en échelle simple transformable, en échelle à plateforme, ou en escabeau WO2008141513A1 (fr)

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CN101050687A (zh) 2007-10-10
US8011475B2 (en) 2011-09-06
EP2169175A1 (en) 2010-03-31
US20100133041A1 (en) 2010-06-03

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