WO2008135487A1 - Procédé et installation de broyage cryogénique de produits en vrac - Google Patents

Procédé et installation de broyage cryogénique de produits en vrac Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008135487A1
WO2008135487A1 PCT/EP2008/055325 EP2008055325W WO2008135487A1 WO 2008135487 A1 WO2008135487 A1 WO 2008135487A1 EP 2008055325 W EP2008055325 W EP 2008055325W WO 2008135487 A1 WO2008135487 A1 WO 2008135487A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
particles
particle
crushing
bulk material
embrittled
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/055325
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Igor Plahuta
Original Assignee
New View S. L.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by New View S. L. filed Critical New View S. L.
Publication of WO2008135487A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008135487A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • B02C19/186—Use of cold or heat for disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
    • B29B17/0404—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder
    • B29B17/0408—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to powder using cryogenic systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
    • B29B2017/0217—Mechanical separating techniques; devices therefor
    • B29B2017/0224—Screens, sieves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2030/00—Pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/52—Mechanical processing of waste for the recovery of materials, e.g. crushing, shredding, separation or disassembly
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the cryogen crushing of bulk material, in particular of bulk material with soft or elastic under normal conditions material properties, such as elastomeric Eigen- shafts, the method comprises a step of embrittlement to subsequently reduce the embrittled bulk material particles in their embrittled state. Furthermore, the invention relates to a plant for cryogen crushing of bulk material.
  • the bulk material particles to be comminuted undergo a cooling section before being comminuted, in which they are cooled down to a temperature such that they are embrittled.
  • liquid nitrogen is used for cooling, which, when it evaporates, extracts heat from the bulk particles to be cooled, causing it to cool down.
  • a typical bulk material which is cryogenically comminuted are, for example, motor vehicle tire granules. In the embrittled state, such bulk material particles can readily be supplied to a crushing device, wherein crushing devices are usually mills or disintegrators, such as impact mills.
  • each particle fraction has a relatively homogeneous particle size distribution.
  • Each particle fraction is assigned its own cooling section. Due to the homogeneous particle size distribution in each particle fraction, the cooling conditions, ie the use of the amount of coolant and / or the residence time of the introduced into the cooling section particles be adapted to the average particle size of a particle fraction in order to achieve a through-and-through embrittlement of the particles of a particle fraction with minimal refrigerant consumption.
  • An embrittlement of particle fractions with a larger particle size can therefore be carried out under different process parameters than an embrittlement of the particle fractions with a smaller particle size.
  • the invention is therefore the object of developing an aforementioned method and also an aforementioned device in such a way that this is possible with less equipment.
  • This object is achieved by a method in which in a first step, the grain size spectrum of the supplied particle stream is spread by forming a fine fraction and a coarse fraction by way of a grinding process, then the fine fraction is separated from the particle stream, subsequently the particles of the remaining Coarse fraction embrittled and the embrittled particles are fed again to the grinding process.
  • the device-related object is achieved by a Kry- ogenzerkleintationsstrom with the features of claim 6.
  • the equipment required for crushing bulk solids, the particles under normal conditions soft and / or elastic properties with a very low cost of equipment possible.
  • the supplied bulk material flow is processed in a mill, preferably an attrition mill, in a first step.
  • the material behavior of the soft and / or elastic properties of the particles to be comminuted under normal conditions is utilized. These are processed in one Mill lengthened; Consequently, the surface and the grain size of the particles is increased. At the same time a certain fine-grained abrasion arises. The consequence is that the grain spectrum of the bulk material fed to the mill, which typically corresponds to a Gaussian normal distribution, is spread.
  • the attrition produced during the milling step has a relatively small particle size.
  • the particles which are enlarged with respect to their surface by the grinding process have a grain size which is relatively large in comparison to the abrasion and which is larger than their original size.
  • the particle flow exiting the mill then typically has two maxima with regard to the particle size distribution contained therein, the one maximum representing the abrasion produced during grinding and the particles possibly already being introduced in this particle size.
  • the other maximum represents the average grain size of the particle size of the bulk material stream fed to the mill as a result of the grinding, with respect to its grain size.
  • the bulk material leaving the mill is divided by separating those particles belonging to the smaller particle size fraction from those belonging to the larger particle size fraction. This is done, for example, by sieving. It is also possible to blow out the fine particles.
  • the mesh size of the sieve used for this purpose corresponds to a particle size between the Gaussian distribution maxima representing the two particle size fractions, for example the minimum. To improve the screening process, it may be appropriate to shift the mesh size of the screen from the actual minimum towards the Gaussian distribution maximum of the larger grain fraction. Screening of this particle stream, which is spread with respect to its particle size distribution, can be carried out, largely without the problems otherwise encountered when sieving elastomers.
  • the fine fraction created in the course of the division of the particle stream is expediently provided in a particle size which corresponds to that desired by the comminution process.
  • this grain fraction is preferably already a finished product.
  • the non-separated by the process of particle flow separation from the mill fed bulk material particles are then fed to a cooling tunnel for embrittlement thereof.
  • a cooling tunnel is a commercially available cooling tunnel that is operated using a refrigerant, for example liquid nitrogen.
  • the embrittled particles are then fed back to the mill.
  • the embrittled particles introduced into the mill break during the milling process, such breakage typically causing the particle size of the fragments of such a fractured particle to be smaller than the mesh size of a screen used for particle flow division. Consequently, these particles are separated from the particle flow as a result of the particle flow downstream of the mill and not fed again to the cooling tunnel.
  • the feeding of the embrittled particles into the mill not only has the purpose to bring the particles to be comminuted into a state that they can be broken, but also that the mill or their grinding tools are cooled by the supply of cold particles ,
  • FIG. 2a, 2b a schematic representation of individual particles supplied to the plant (FIG. 2a) and the particles (FIG. 2b) processed by a milling process and FIG.
  • FIG. 3a, 3b show the particle size spectrum of a particle stream fed to the cryogen grinding plant (FIG. 3a) and the particle size distribution spectrum of the particle flow after carrying out a milling process (FIG. 3b).
  • a cryogenic grinding plant 1 is used for crushing bulk material having soft or rubbery properties under ambient conditions (normal conditions).
  • the cryogenic crushing plant 1 is therefore suitable for comminuting, for example, used-tire granules or the like.
  • the cryogen removal unit 1 is supplied with a stream of bulk material in a manner not shown, for example by means of a conveyor belt or another conveyor.
  • the cryogenic crushing plant 1 comprises an attrition mill 2 which is supplied with the bulk material to be comminuted, as indicated by the block arrow.
  • the attrition mill 2 is designed so that the bulk material particles fed through the bulk material flow are not necessarily physically comminuted, but increased in their surface area. This is done by grinding the supplied particles. As a result of this rubbing process, the rubber-elastic granulate particles are rubbed in the same way as an eraser during the process of etching, resulting in a finely structured, popcorn-like structure. This is associated with a significant increase in surface area and increase in the particle size of the particles.
  • FIG. 2 a shows by way of example a schematic representation of the habit of granulate particles supplied by the attrition mill 2. These are characterized by a square compact habit.
  • FIG. 2b shows a schematic representation of bulk material particles P emerging from the attrition mill 2. The particles P are shown in a plan view. The plane recognizable in FIG. 2b is that plane in which the grains originally supplied as granulate particles have been deformed as they pass through the attrition mill 2. The fine-structured popcorn structure already described above can be recognized by the numerous bulges and constrictions in FIG. 2b.
  • the particles P processed with the attrition mill 2 have a very fissured surface, and therefore for this reason too the surface is considerably enlarged in comparison with the supplied granulate particles (see FIG.
  • rubber particles due to the rugged surface sometimes holes are incorporated, so that the total number of particles P numerous weaknesses that are addressed in connection with these statements as predetermined breaking points have.
  • FIG. 3 a shows the particle size distribution of the particles fed to the attrition mill 2 through the bulk material flow.
  • the grain size distribution in this embodiment corresponds to a Gaussian normal distribution curve.
  • fine-grained abrasion results on the one hand as described above, and on the other hand an increase in grain size takes place.
  • the particle flow emerging from the attrition mill 2 then has a relation to the supplied bulk material.
  • Current spread grain size spectrum as shown by way of example in Figure 3b.
  • the particle size distribution spectrum shown in FIG. 3b shows a first maximum 5, which represents the fine grain fraction at the exit of the attrition mill 2.
  • This fine fraction comprises the abrasion formed in the course of grinding and, of course, those particles which have already exhibited this grain size in the fed bulk material flow.
  • Another maximum 6 representing the coarse fraction can be seen in the particle size distribution spectrum of FIG. 3b.
  • the two maxima 5, 6 are separated by a region 7 in the particle size distribution spectrum.
  • the exiting at the output of the attrition mill 2 particle flow has only a relatively smaller number of particles having this grain size.
  • the change of the grain size spectrum from that corresponding to FIG. 3 a to that corresponding to FIG. 3 b is understood in the context of these explanations as spreading.
  • a screening device 8 Downstream of the attrition mill 2 is a screening device 8 (cf., FIG. 1) with which the particle flow leaving the attrition mill 2 is divided.
  • a funnel T serves to supply the particles emerging from the attrition mill 2 to the sieve device 8.
  • the fine fraction is separated off from the particle flow with the sieve device 8.
  • the mesh size of the sieve 8 associated sieve corresponds to a grain size in the region 7 of the grain size distribution spectrum of Figure 3b and is characterized therein by the reference numeral M.
  • the mesh size of the screen is not found in the illustrated embodiment in the actual minimum of the range 7 of the grain size distribution spectrum, but is shifted to the maximum fraction 6 representing the coarse fraction.
  • the fine fraction separated by the screening device 8 has a particle size spectrum which corresponds to the nominal particle size of the product to be produced by the reduction process. Consequently, the separated fine fraction is to be addressed as a finished product.
  • the coarse fraction formed by the screening device 8 is then fed to a cooling section 9 in which the particles of this fraction are embrittled.
  • the cooling section 9 is a cooling tunnel. To induce cooling and embrittlement, the cooling tunnel is not closer shown manner with a refrigerant, such as liquid nitrogen, as schematically indicated by the label "refrigerant" in Figure 1, applied.
  • the exit 10 of the cooling section 9 is connected to the inlet 1 1 of the attrition mill 2.
  • the particles embrittled in the cooling section 9 are returned to the attrition mill 2 via a return line 12.
  • the embrittled particles entering the attritor 2 break down as a result of the grinding process.
  • the resulting fracture typically has a grain size corresponding to the fine fraction.
  • the embrittled particles are mixed in the area of the inlet of the attrition mill 2 with the flow of bulk material fed to the attrition mill 2.
  • the feeding of the embrittled particles into the attrition mill 2 also serves to cool the disks 3, 4.
  • an attrition mill has been used to realize the milling process.
  • the milling process can be realized equally with a disk mill, for example, such as is described in DE 202 01 979 U1.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de broyage cryogénique de produits en vrac, en particulier de produits en vrac formés de matériaux présentant, en conditions normales, une certaine souplesse ou une certaine élasticité, notamment l'élasticité du caoutchouc, ledit procédé comprenant une étape de fragilisation et les particules fragilisées étant ensuite broyées. Dans une première étape du procédé, le spectre granulométrique du flux de particules acheminé est élargi au cours d'un processus de broyage permettant l'obtention d'une fraction fine et d'une fraction grossière. Ensuite, la fraction fine est isolée du flux de particules. Les particules de la fraction grossière restante sont fragilisées puis à nouveau soumises au processus de broyage. Une installation permettant la mise en oeuvre dudit procédé comprend, comme dispositif de broyage, un broyeur (2), en aval duquel est placé un dispositif de séparation de flux de particules (8) destiné à isoler la fraction fine du flux de particules sortant du broyeur (2). Une section de refroidissement (9) est à son tour placée en aval du dispositif de séparation de flux de particules (8), section à laquelle est acheminée la fraction grossière formée par la séparation du flux de particules. La sortie de la section de refroidissement (9) est raccordée à l'entrée du broyeur (2), les particules fragilisées dans la section de refroidissement (9) étant ainsi acheminées vers le broyeur (2) pour être broyées.
PCT/EP2008/055325 2007-05-02 2008-04-30 Procédé et installation de broyage cryogénique de produits en vrac WO2008135487A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102007020520.3 2007-05-02
DE200710020520 DE102007020520A1 (de) 2007-05-02 2007-05-02 Verfahren und Anlage zum Kryogenzerkleinern von Schüttgut

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008135487A1 true WO2008135487A1 (fr) 2008-11-13

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PCT/EP2008/055325 WO2008135487A1 (fr) 2007-05-02 2008-04-30 Procédé et installation de broyage cryogénique de produits en vrac

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WO (1) WO2008135487A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107520023B (zh) * 2017-08-17 2019-11-05 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 一种柔性基板的报废处理系统及方法

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2609150A (en) * 1949-11-05 1952-09-02 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Mechanical pulverization of refrigerated plastics
US4156508A (en) * 1976-09-22 1979-05-29 Cryogenic Recycling International Inc. Mobile material shearing apparatus

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE20018273U1 (de) * 2000-10-17 2002-02-28 Recom Patent & License Gmbh Anlage zur Aufbereitung von Altgummi
DE20201979U1 (de) 2002-02-09 2002-06-13 Plahuta Igor Zerkleinerer
DE10352300A1 (de) 2003-11-08 2005-06-09 Igor Plahuta Verfahren zum Kryogenzerkleinern eines Schüttgutes sowie Anlage zum Kryogenzerkleinern eines Schüttgutes

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2609150A (en) * 1949-11-05 1952-09-02 Union Carbide & Carbon Corp Mechanical pulverization of refrigerated plastics
US4156508A (en) * 1976-09-22 1979-05-29 Cryogenic Recycling International Inc. Mobile material shearing apparatus

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
STANISLAW BARSKI ET AL: "PRALLZERKLEINERUNG VON EINGEFRORENEN ALTREIFEN", 1 December 1989, GUMMI, FASERN, KUNSTSTOFFE.INTERNATIONALE FACHZEITSCHRIFT FUR DIE POLYMER-VERARBEITUNG, GENTNER VERLAG. STUTTGART, DE, PAGE(S) 645 - 646,648, ISSN: 0176-1625, XP000214757 *

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Publication number Publication date
DE102007020520A1 (de) 2008-11-06

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