WO2008131606A1 - Combined double-cathodes of plasma generator - Google Patents

Combined double-cathodes of plasma generator Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008131606A1
WO2008131606A1 PCT/CN2007/002086 CN2007002086W WO2008131606A1 WO 2008131606 A1 WO2008131606 A1 WO 2008131606A1 CN 2007002086 W CN2007002086 W CN 2007002086W WO 2008131606 A1 WO2008131606 A1 WO 2008131606A1
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Prior art keywords
cathode
main
auxiliary
plasma generator
arc
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PCT/CN2007/002086
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
Hong Tang
Ruolian Xue
Peng Liu
Jinhua Yang
Yingjie Qian
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Yantailongyuan Electric Power Technology Co. , Ltd
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Application filed by Yantailongyuan Electric Power Technology Co. , Ltd filed Critical Yantailongyuan Electric Power Technology Co. , Ltd
Publication of WO2008131606A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008131606A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H1/00—Generating plasma; Handling plasma
    • H05H1/24—Generating plasma
    • H05H1/26—Plasma torches
    • H05H1/32—Plasma torches using an arc
    • H05H1/34—Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles
    • H05H1/3436—Hollow cathodes with internal coolant flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a combined dual cathode for a plasma generator.
  • DC arc plasma is the most widely studied thermal plasma state.
  • DC arc plasma generators used in many fields have shortcomings such as short cathode life, low continuous working ability, and long maintenance time after work interruption, which have unpredictable consequences for subsequent work. Therefore, how to improve the life of the plasma generator is a hot issue in the industry.
  • a combined double cathode of a plasma generator comprising a cathode conductive component, an air inlet interface, a cooling water channel and a swirling gas channel, the cathode electrical component being composed of a main cathode and an auxiliary cathode arranged concentrically, wherein the main cathode Axially mounted inside the center of the auxiliary cathode, the main cathode is provided with an axial driving mechanism, and an internal space formed between the main cathode and the auxiliary cathode is a medium gas passage, and the medium gas passes through the inlet interface on the auxiliary cathode. Introduced from the outside.
  • a combined double cathode of a plasma generator has a water-cooled loop structure for both the main cathode and the auxiliary cathode.
  • a combined double cathode of a plasma generator as described above is provided with a swirling air ring in the swirling gas passage.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a combined dual cathode of an arc plasma generator comprising a main cathode and an auxiliary cathode; the two cathodes share an anode, wherein the main cathode and the auxiliary cathode are concentrically mounted inside the generator;
  • a driving mechanism is mounted on the main cathode, and the main cathode can move axially within a certain range under the driving mechanism.
  • the annular space formed between the main cathode and the auxiliary cathode is a channel of swirling gas.
  • a swirling wind is formed in the space, and the swirling wind is a combined double cathode.
  • Medium gas and cooling curtains are provided.
  • the arc root of the cathodic arc is transferred from the main cathode to the auxiliary cathode, and an auxiliary arc discharge is generated between the cathode and the anode.
  • the generator operates in the case where the anode and the auxiliary cathode form an arc discharge
  • the main cathode moves toward the anode and the anode is less difficult to form an arc discharge than the auxiliary cathode and the anode, the arc discharge is transferred to the main Between the cathode and the anode.
  • the cathode of this structure greatly improves the stability of the plasma generator operation and the life of the entire cathode.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined dual cathode of a plasma generator.
  • 1 a main cathode return water interface 2 - main cathode, 3- - auxiliary cathode return water interface, 4- - - auxiliary cathode, 5 - a main cathode water inlet interface, 6 - - - drive mechanism, 7 --- inlet air interface, 8 - auxiliary cathode inlet, 9-one swirling air channel, 10- - inline swirling air ring.
  • a combined dual cathode structure of a plasma generator comprising two cathodes of a main cathode 2 and an auxiliary cathode 4; two cathodes share an anode, wherein the main cathode 2 is axially mounted inside the center of the auxiliary cathode 4, and The auxiliary cathode 4 is coaxial; the main cathode 2 has a driving mechanism 6 connected to the external motor. Under the driving of the motor, the driving mechanism 6 can drive the main cathode 2 to move back and forth in the axial direction (inlaid with the swirling air ring 10) Set in the main yin Outside the pole 2, it provides support for the movement of the main cathode 2).
  • An internal space formed between the main cathode 2 and the auxiliary cathode 4 is a swirling medium gas passage 9, through which the swirling wind is introduced from the outside.
  • a cooling circuit on the main cathode.
  • a certain pressure of water flows in from the main cathode inlet circuit interface 5, and flows out from the main cathode return water port 1; the auxiliary cathode has a cooling water circuit, and a certain pressure of water is assisted.
  • the cathode water inlet port 8 flows in and flows out from the auxiliary cathode return water port 3.
  • the two-way cooling circuit fully guarantees that this combination is the cooling effect of the cathode.
  • the working process of the combined double cathode of the present invention is as follows: after the plasma generator is installed, the power is turned on, and under the action of the external control system, the main cathode 2 moves toward the anode along with the driving mechanism 6 until the anode Contact, the contact arc is generated, and an arc discharge is formed between the main cathode 2 and the anode. At this time, the auxiliary cathode 4 is in a standby state. Then, when the main cathode 2 moves away from the anode, the difficulty of forming an arc discharge between the main cathode 2 and the anode increases.
  • auxiliary cathode 4 When reaching a certain position, it is relatively easy for the auxiliary cathode 4 to form an arc discharge with the anode, and the arc root of the cathode arc is from the main The cathode 2 is transferred to the auxiliary cathode 4, and the main cathode 2 is in a standby state.
  • the difficulty of forming the arc discharge between the main cathode 2 and the anode becomes smaller, and when it is less difficult to form an arc discharge between the auxiliary cathode 4 and the anode, the arc root is transferred from the auxiliary cathode 4 to the main On the cathode 2, a loop is formed between the main cathode 2 and the anode, and the auxiliary cathode 4 becomes a standby cathode again.
  • the combined double cathode can transfer the arc to each other on the two cathodes without affecting the continuous combustion of the arc, thereby realizing the standby of the main and auxiliary cathodes, thereby greatly improving the stability of the working of the plasma generator and the cathode. life.
  • the utility model is applied as a cathode of a plasma generator to an industrial boiler plasma ignition system.
  • the driving mechanism is activated to control the moving direction of the main cathode to realize the transfer of the arc arc root of the cathode. This saves time for the maintenance of the generator and avoids a shutdown or oil injection accident caused by prolonged maintenance when the generator is broken.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

A combined double-cathodes of plasma generator comprises a cathode conductive assembly, which is comprised of a main cathode (2) and an auxiliary cathode (4) in coaxial, wherein the main cathode (2) is axially set inside of the center of the auxiliary cathode (4), an axial driven mechanism (6) is set on the main cathode (2), the axial driven mechanism (6) can move the main cathode (2) along an axis within a certain range, the annular space between the main cathode (2) and the auxiliary cathode (4) is dielectric gas channel (9).

Description

等离子发生器的联合式双阴极 技术领域 本发明涉及一种用于等离子发生器的联合式双阴极。 背景技术 直流电弧等离子体是研究与应用最广的一种热等离子体状态。目 前，用于许多领域的直流电弧等离子发生器存在阴极寿命短，持续工 作能力不强，工作中断后需要维护的时间长等缺点， 给后续的工作带 来了不可预知的后果。所以，如何提高等离子发生器的寿命是业界的 一个热点问题。提高阴极的寿命一般有三种方法，一是阴极材料的选 取， 二是冷却结构的优化， 三是阴极类型的改进。实践证明前两者对 延长阴极寿命没有本质的变化，后者如管式相对于筒式阴极虽然寿命 有了明显的提高，但又面临经常断弧和更换程序复杂的问题。 因此上 述三者都没有从根本上解决由于阴极的缺陷而给等电弧离子体的应 用带来的限制。 发明内容 本发明的目的在于提供了一种可让等离子发生器长时间持续工 作的联合式双阴极，它克服了一般等离子发生器阴极寿命短或更换阴 极程序复杂的缺点，避免了因为等离子发生器发生异常情况而导致断 弧而引起的不可预知的后果。  FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to a combined dual cathode for a plasma generator. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION DC arc plasma is the most widely studied thermal plasma state. At present, DC arc plasma generators used in many fields have shortcomings such as short cathode life, low continuous working ability, and long maintenance time after work interruption, which have unpredictable consequences for subsequent work. Therefore, how to improve the life of the plasma generator is a hot issue in the industry. There are generally three ways to improve the life of the cathode. One is the selection of the cathode material, the other is the optimization of the cooling structure, and the third is the improvement of the cathode type. Practice has proved that the former two have no essential changes in prolonging the life of the cathode. The latter, although the tube type has a significant improvement in the lifespan compared to the barrel cathode, it faces the problem of frequent arc breaking and complicated replacement procedures. Therefore, none of the above has fundamentally addressed the limitations imposed by the application of equal arc ions due to defects in the cathode. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a combined dual cathode that allows a plasma generator to continue to operate for a long period of time, which overcomes the shortcomings of short plasma life of a conventional plasma generator or complicated replacement of a cathode program, and avoids the use of a plasma generator. The unpredictable consequences of an abnormality that results in an arc.
本发明的目的是这样实现的：  The object of the invention is achieved in this way:
一种等离子发生器的联合式双阴极，由阴极导电组件，进风接口， 冷却水通道和旋流气体通道组成，该阴极电组件是由同心布置的主阴 极和辅助阴极组成的， 其中主阴极轴向地安装在辅助阴极的中心内 部，主阴极上设有一轴向驱动机构，主阴极和辅助阴极之间所形成的 一内部空间， 是介质气体通道，介质气体通过辅助阴极上的进风接口 从外面引入。  A combined double cathode of a plasma generator, comprising a cathode conductive component, an air inlet interface, a cooling water channel and a swirling gas channel, the cathode electrical component being composed of a main cathode and an auxiliary cathode arranged concentrically, wherein the main cathode Axially mounted inside the center of the auxiliary cathode, the main cathode is provided with an axial driving mechanism, and an internal space formed between the main cathode and the auxiliary cathode is a medium gas passage, and the medium gas passes through the inlet interface on the auxiliary cathode. Introduced from the outside.
如上所述的一种等离子发生器的联合式双阴极，主阴极和辅助阴 极均采用了水冷回路结构。  As described above, a combined double cathode of a plasma generator has a water-cooled loop structure for both the main cathode and the auxiliary cathode.
如上所述的一种等离子发生器的联合式双阴极，在旋流风气体通 道内嵌设有旋流风环。  A combined double cathode of a plasma generator as described above is provided with a swirling air ring in the swirling gas passage.
本发明的优点和积极效果如下：  The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:
1、 能长时间的提供持续稳定的电弧等离子体， 特别是运用在不 能有中断情况发生的领域中， 如材料的表面处理， 工业煤粉锅炉的点 火等，克服了因为一般等离子发生器的阴极寿命太短和维修停机带来 的问题。 1. It can provide continuous and stable arc plasma for a long time, especially when it is not used. In areas where interruptions can occur, such as surface treatment of materials, ignition of industrial pulverized coal boilers, etc., overcome the problems caused by the short cathode life of the general plasma generator and the maintenance shutdown.
2、 拓展了电弧等离子体的应用领域。 附图说明 图 1是本发明的结构示意图。 具体实施方式 本发明给出的一种电弧等离子发生器的联合式双阴极，它包括主 阴极和辅助阴极两部分； 两个阴极共用一个阳极， 其中主阴极和辅助 阴极同心安装于发生器内部； 主阴极上安装一个驱动机构， 在驱动机 构的带动下， 主阴极能在一定范围内轴向移动。主阴极和辅助阴极之 间所形成的环形空间是旋流气体的通道，一定压强的空气经过进风管 道和内嵌风环后， 在此空间形成一路旋流风， 旋流风为此联合式双阴 极提供介质气体和冷却帷幕。等离子发生器开始工作时，先由主阴极 与阳极接触引弧， 产生电弧和电弧等离子体； 当主阴极在驱动机构的 作用下向远离阳极的方向移动时，阳极和主阴极形成电弧放电的难度 逐渐增大， 移动一定距离时， 它比辅助阴极与阳极形成电弧放电的难 度大，这时阴极电弧的弧根就由主阴极转移到辅助阴极上， 辅助阴极 与阳极之间产成电弧放电。反之， 若发生器工作在阳极与辅助阴极形 成电弧放电的情况中时， 若主阴极向阳极移动， 阳极形成电弧放电的 难度小于辅助阴极与阳极形成电弧放电的难度时，电弧放电就转移到 主阴极和阳极之间。这样就实现了在不影响电弧连续性的前提下， 阴 极弧根在主阴极和辅助阴极之间的相互转移，同时也达到了主阴极和 辅助阴极互为备用的结果。这种结构的阴极， 大大提高等离子发生器 工作的稳定性和整个阴极的寿命。  2. Expanded the application field of arc plasma. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a combined dual cathode of an arc plasma generator comprising a main cathode and an auxiliary cathode; the two cathodes share an anode, wherein the main cathode and the auxiliary cathode are concentrically mounted inside the generator; A driving mechanism is mounted on the main cathode, and the main cathode can move axially within a certain range under the driving mechanism. The annular space formed between the main cathode and the auxiliary cathode is a channel of swirling gas. After a certain pressure of air passes through the air inlet duct and the inlaid air ring, a swirling wind is formed in the space, and the swirling wind is a combined double cathode. Medium gas and cooling curtains are provided. When the plasma generator starts to work, the arc is contacted by the main cathode and the anode to generate an arc and an arc plasma. When the main cathode moves away from the anode under the action of the driving mechanism, the anode and the main cathode gradually become difficult to form an arc discharge. When it is increased and moved a certain distance, it is more difficult to form an arc discharge than the auxiliary cathode and the anode. At this time, the arc root of the cathodic arc is transferred from the main cathode to the auxiliary cathode, and an auxiliary arc discharge is generated between the cathode and the anode. On the other hand, if the generator operates in the case where the anode and the auxiliary cathode form an arc discharge, if the main cathode moves toward the anode and the anode is less difficult to form an arc discharge than the auxiliary cathode and the anode, the arc discharge is transferred to the main Between the cathode and the anode. This achieves the mutual transfer of the cathode arc root between the main cathode and the auxiliary cathode without affecting the continuity of the arc, and also achieves the result that the main cathode and the auxiliary cathode are alternate with each other. The cathode of this structure greatly improves the stability of the plasma generator operation and the life of the entire cathode.
图 1 为等离子发生器的联合式双阴极的示意图。 图 1中： 1 -一 主阴极回水接口 2-—主阴极、 3-—辅助阴极回水接口、 4- - -辅助 阴极、 5 -一主阴极进水接口、 6- - -驱动机构、 7 ---进风接口、 8—-辅 助阴极进水口、 9-一旋流风通道、 10- --内嵌旋流风环。  Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined dual cathode of a plasma generator. In Figure 1: 1 - a main cathode return water interface 2 - main cathode, 3- - auxiliary cathode return water interface, 4- - - auxiliary cathode, 5 - a main cathode water inlet interface, 6 - - - drive mechanism, 7 --- inlet air interface, 8 - auxiliary cathode inlet, 9-one swirling air channel, 10- - inline swirling air ring.
等离子发生器的一种联合式双阴极结构，它包括主阴极 2和辅助 阴极 4两个阴极； 两个阴极共用一个阳极， 其中主阴极 2轴向地安装 在辅助阴极 4的中心内部， 并与辅助阴极 4同轴； 主阴极 2上有一驱 动机构 6， 驱动机构 6与外部电机相连， 在电机的带动下， 驱动机构 6能带动主阴极 2沿轴向方向前后移动 （内嵌旋流风环 10套在主阴 极 2外， 为主阴极 2移动提供支撑作用）。 主阴极 2和辅助阴极 4之 间所形成的一内部空间， 是旋流介质气体通道 9， 旋流风通过进风接 头 7从外面引入。 为保证冷却效果， 主阴极上有一个冷却回路，一定 压强的水从主阴极进水回路接口 5流入， 从主阴极回水接口 1流出； 辅助阴极上有一冷却水回路，一定压强的水从辅助阴极进水接口 8流 入， 从辅助阴极回水接口 3流出。两路冷却回路充分保证了此联合是 阴极的冷却效果。 A combined dual cathode structure of a plasma generator comprising two cathodes of a main cathode 2 and an auxiliary cathode 4; two cathodes share an anode, wherein the main cathode 2 is axially mounted inside the center of the auxiliary cathode 4, and The auxiliary cathode 4 is coaxial; the main cathode 2 has a driving mechanism 6 connected to the external motor. Under the driving of the motor, the driving mechanism 6 can drive the main cathode 2 to move back and forth in the axial direction (inlaid with the swirling air ring 10) Set in the main yin Outside the pole 2, it provides support for the movement of the main cathode 2). An internal space formed between the main cathode 2 and the auxiliary cathode 4 is a swirling medium gas passage 9, through which the swirling wind is introduced from the outside. In order to ensure the cooling effect, there is a cooling circuit on the main cathode. A certain pressure of water flows in from the main cathode inlet circuit interface 5, and flows out from the main cathode return water port 1; the auxiliary cathode has a cooling water circuit, and a certain pressure of water is assisted. The cathode water inlet port 8 flows in and flows out from the auxiliary cathode return water port 3. The two-way cooling circuit fully guarantees that this combination is the cooling effect of the cathode.
本发明所述的联合式双阴极的工作过程是这样的：安装完等离子 发生器后， 启动电源， 在外部控制系统的作用下， 主阴极 2随着驱动 机构 6向阳极方向移动， 直至与阳极接触， 产生接触引弧， 主阴极 2 与阳极之间形成电弧放电。此时辅助阴极 4处于备用状态。随后当主 阴极 2向远离阳极方向运动时，主阴极 2与阳极形成电弧放电的难度 增加，当到达一定位置时，辅助阴极 4与阳极形成电弧放电相对容易， 此时阴极电弧的弧根就从主阴极 2转移到辅助阴极 4上，主阴极 2处 于备用状态。 反之， 如果主阴极 2向阳极方向移动， 主阴极 2与阳极 形成电弧放电的难度逐渐变小，当小于辅助阴极 4与阳极形成电弧放 电的难度时， 电弧弧根就从辅助阴极 4转移到主阴极 2上， 主阴极 2 和阳极之间形成回路， 辅助阴极 4又成为备用阴极。所以， 此联合式 双阴极能在不影响电弧连续燃烧的情况下，让电弧在两个阴极上相互 转移， 实现主辅阴极的互为备用， 从而大大提高等离子发生器工作的 稳定性和阴极的寿命。  The working process of the combined double cathode of the present invention is as follows: after the plasma generator is installed, the power is turned on, and under the action of the external control system, the main cathode 2 moves toward the anode along with the driving mechanism 6 until the anode Contact, the contact arc is generated, and an arc discharge is formed between the main cathode 2 and the anode. At this time, the auxiliary cathode 4 is in a standby state. Then, when the main cathode 2 moves away from the anode, the difficulty of forming an arc discharge between the main cathode 2 and the anode increases. When reaching a certain position, it is relatively easy for the auxiliary cathode 4 to form an arc discharge with the anode, and the arc root of the cathode arc is from the main The cathode 2 is transferred to the auxiliary cathode 4, and the main cathode 2 is in a standby state. On the other hand, if the main cathode 2 moves toward the anode, the difficulty of forming the arc discharge between the main cathode 2 and the anode becomes smaller, and when it is less difficult to form an arc discharge between the auxiliary cathode 4 and the anode, the arc root is transferred from the auxiliary cathode 4 to the main On the cathode 2, a loop is formed between the main cathode 2 and the anode, and the auxiliary cathode 4 becomes a standby cathode again. Therefore, the combined double cathode can transfer the arc to each other on the two cathodes without affecting the continuous combustion of the arc, thereby realizing the standby of the main and auxiliary cathodes, thereby greatly improving the stability of the working of the plasma generator and the cathode. life.
下面通过实施例进一步说明本发明。  The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
实施例 1：  Example 1:
将此实用新型作为等离子发生器的阴极应用到工业锅炉等离子 点火系统中， 当监控系统确定发生器工作异常时， 启动驱动机构， 控 制主阴极的移动方向， 来实现阴极电弧弧根的转移。这样就为维护发 生器争取了时间， 避免了因为发生器发生断弧时， 长时间的维修引起 的停炉或者投油事故。  The utility model is applied as a cathode of a plasma generator to an industrial boiler plasma ignition system. When the monitoring system determines that the generator is abnormal, the driving mechanism is activated to control the moving direction of the main cathode to realize the transfer of the arc arc root of the cathode. This saves time for the maintenance of the generator and avoids a shutdown or oil injection accident caused by prolonged maintenance when the generator is broken.

Claims

1、 一种等离子发生器的联合式双阴极， 其特征在于： 由阴极导 电组件， 进风接口， 冷却水通道和旋流气体通道组成， 该阴极电组件 是由同心布置的主阴极和辅助阴极组成的，其中主阴极轴向地安装在 辅助阴极的中心内部， 主阴极上设有一轴向驱动机构， 主阴极和辅助 阴极之间所形成的一内部空间， 是介质气体通道， 介质气体通过辅助 阴极上的进风接口从外面引入。 A combined dual cathode of a plasma generator, comprising: a cathode conductive component, an air inlet interface, a cooling water passage and a swirling gas passage, the cathode electrical component being a main cathode and an auxiliary cathode arranged concentrically The main cathode is axially mounted inside the center of the auxiliary cathode. The main cathode is provided with an axial driving mechanism. An internal space formed between the main cathode and the auxiliary cathode is a medium gas passage, and the medium gas passes through the auxiliary. The air inlet interface on the cathode is introduced from the outside.
2、 如权利要求 1 所述的一种等离子发生器的联合式双阴极， 其 特征在于： 主阴极和辅助阴极均采用了水冷回路结构。  2. A combined dual cathode of a plasma generator according to claim 1, wherein: the main cathode and the auxiliary cathode both adopt a water-cooled circuit structure.
3、 如权利要求 1 所述的一种等离子发生器的联合式双阴极， 其 特征在于： 在旋流风气体通道内嵌设有旋流风环。  3. A combined dual cathode of a plasma generator according to claim 1, wherein: a swirling air ring is embedded in the swirling gas passage.
PCT/CN2007/002086 2007-04-25 2007-07-06 Combined double-cathodes of plasma generator WO2008131606A1 (en)

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