WO2008127487A1 - Système de transfert de couple et son procédé d'utilisation - Google Patents

Système de transfert de couple et son procédé d'utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008127487A1
WO2008127487A1 PCT/US2008/000181 US2008000181W WO2008127487A1 WO 2008127487 A1 WO2008127487 A1 WO 2008127487A1 US 2008000181 W US2008000181 W US 2008000181W WO 2008127487 A1 WO2008127487 A1 WO 2008127487A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnets
housing
rotational shaft
torque
rotational
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2008/000181
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard J. Wise
Original Assignee
Magnetic Torque International, Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magnetic Torque International, Ltd. filed Critical Magnetic Torque International, Ltd.
Publication of WO2008127487A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008127487A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K49/00—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes
    • H02K49/10—Dynamo-electric clutches; Dynamo-electric brakes of the permanent-magnet type
    • H02K49/104—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element
    • H02K49/108—Magnetic couplings consisting of only two coaxial rotary elements, i.e. the driving element and the driven element with an axial air gap

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a torque transfer system and a method of using a torque transfer system, and particularly, to a torque transfer system having restart and a method of using a torque transfer system having restart.
  • rotational motion and torque can be transmitted between two rotating shafts using a magnetic coupling.
  • the magnetic coupling allows for various operational modes. For example, using the magnetic coupling provides for transmitting the rotational motion and torque from a first shaft to a second shaft by gradual engagement of magnets and/or magnetic materials connected to the first and second shafts. This operational mode allows for the second shaft to come-up to the rotational speed and torque of the first shaft without an abrupt increase in speed and torque.
  • Another example of an operational mode includes a safety mode that allows for the first and second shafts to slip with respect to one another to prevent an over-torque condition. This over-torque condition may be exemplified by a first shaft connected to a drive motor and the second shaft connected to a pump.
  • the over-torque condition must be resolved (i.e., revert back to the normal operational torque transfer mode) before the relative rotation of the first and second shafts is resumed. Accordingly, the resumption of the relative rotation of the first and second shafts may require a significant reduction in the rotational speed and torque of the first and second shafts to allow the magnets and/or magnetic materials to "re-couple" and continue the transmission of the rotational speed and torque.
  • the performance of any device coupled to the driven shaft i.e., pump or generator, must be reduced, if not completely turned-off.
  • torque transfer systems may require a manual resetting process to accomplish the magnetic re-coupling after the over-torque condition is resolved. Accordingly, the resetting process requires additional time during which the system is not completely operational.
  • the present invention is directed to a torque transfer system and a method of using a torque transfer system that substantially obviates one or more of the problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a torque transfer system capable of providing for an automatic immediate magnetic recoupling of magnets and/or magnetic materials connected to rotational shafts.
  • a torque transfer system includes a first housing formed of diamagnetic material, a first plurality of magnets disposed within the first housing along a circumferential direction of the first housing, a first rotational shaft connected to a first housing, a second housing formed of the diamagnetic material, a second plurality of magnets disposed within the second housing along a circumferential direction of the second housing, and a second rotational shaft connected to a second housing, wherein first faces of the first and second housing are separated by a first gap such that each of the first plurality of magnets are disposed between each of the second plurality of magnets.
  • a method for transferring rotational motion and torque from a first rotational shaft to a second rotational shaft includes supplying a first rotational speed and torque to a first rotational shaft connected to a first housing, the first housing comprising diamagnetic material with a first plurality of magnets circumferentially disposed therein, and imparting the first rotational speed and torque to a second housing connected to a second rotational shaft, the second housing comprising the diamagnetic material with a second plurality of magnets circumferentially disposed therein.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary torque transfer system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of an exemplary rotational member of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the exemplary rotational member of FIG. 2 according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an overlapping end view of the exemplary rotational members according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the exemplary rotational members of FIG. 4 along A-A according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the exemplary rotational members of FIG. 4 along B-B according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first exemplary operational mode of the torque transfer system
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a second exemplary operational mode of the torque transfer system
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a third exemplary operational mode of the torque transfer system.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of another exemplary torque transfer system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another exemplary torque transfer system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of another exemplary torque transfer system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary torque transfer system according to the present invention.
  • a torque transfer system may include first and second rotational members 100 and 200.
  • the first rotational member 100 includes a rotational shaft 110 connected to a mounting plate 120 using a plurality of mounting brackets 113.
  • the rotational shaft 110, the mounting plate 120, and the mounting brackets 113 may be formed from non-magnetic material(s).
  • first rotational member 100 further includes a backing plate 130, which may be made from magnetic material(s), such as steel, and a housing 140, which may be made from diamagnetic material(s), such as aluminum and copper.
  • the backing plate 130 has an outer diameter 132 similar to an outer diameter 124 of the mounting plate 120, and includes an inner diameter 134.
  • the housing 140 includes a first face 142a, a second face 142b, and a circumferential face 142c.
  • the housing 140 further includes an outer diameter 144 that is greater than the outer diameters 124 and 132 of the mounting plate 120 and the backing plate 130.
  • the housing 140 includes a plurality.of magnets 150 that are inserted into the housing 140 through the second face 142b, such that North magnetic orientations of each of the magnets 150 face outward toward the second rotational member 200.
  • the backing plate 130 is formed of a magnetic material in order to displace the North magnetic orientation fields of the magnets 150 closer to the first face of the housing of the second rotational member 200. Accordingly, by displacing the North magnetic orientation fields in both the housing 140 of the first rotational member 100 and the housing of the second rotational member 200, the combined repulsive magnetic forces may be increased.
  • the mounting plate 120, the backing plate 130, and the housing 140 are connected together using fasteners (not shown) that extend through holes 122 of the mounting plate 120 and holes 136 of the backing plate 130 and into the housing 140.
  • the first and second rotational members 100 and 200 may be an assembled, as shown, such that the first faces of the first and second rotational members 100 and 200 are spaced apart from each other with the first and second rotational shafts 110 and 210 extending along opposing directions, although not necessarily parallel to each other, as will be explained further below.
  • FIG. 2 is an end view of an exemplary rotational member of FIG. 1 according to the present invention.
  • each of the mounting brackets 113 are arranged to be disposed between each of the magnets 150.
  • the inner diameter 134 of the backing plate 130 may correspond to an inner face 152 of the magnets 150, and the outer diameter 132 of the backing plate 130 may extend past an outer face 154 of the magnets. 150.
  • the housing 140 includes magnet regions 140a and diamagnetic regions 140b.
  • a surface area of each of the diamagnetic regions 140b is dependent upon the geometry of the magnets 150, such that the diamagnetic regions 140b are greater than the magnet regions 140a.
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the exemplary rotational member of FIG. 2 along A-A according to the present invention.
  • the housing 140 includes a circumferential recessed portion 146 that accommodates the outer diameter 132 of the backing plate 130 and the outer diameter 124 of the mounting plate 120.
  • a thin layer of relatively pliant non-magnetic material may be placed between the backing plate 130 and first faces 156 of the magnets 150 during assembly of the first rotational assembly 100.
  • other thin layers of relatively pliant nonmagnetic material may be placed between the faces of the magnets 150 and recess/wall regions of the housing 140 where the magnets 150 may be positioned.
  • assembly tolerances between each of the individual components of the first rotational member 100 is relatively high, the pliant non-magnetic material provides a cushioning effect due to the high magnetic forces involved during operation of the exemplary torque transfer system.
  • FIG. 4 is an overlapping end view of the exemplary rotational members according to the present invention.
  • the first rotational member 100 is shown disposed behind the second rotational member 200.
  • the magnets 150 of the first rotational member 100 are shown behind (i.e., as hidden lines) the second rotational member 200, such that the magnets 150 are equally interdispersed between the magnets 250 of the second rotational member 200. Accordingly, the North magnetic orientations of the magnets 150 and 250 are directly facing each other. [0036] In FIG. 4, each of the magnets 150 and 250 are mutually aligned to the diamagnetic regions of the housings 240 and 140, respectively. As shown, each of the magnets 150 is equally spaced apart from each of the magnets 250.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the exemplary rotational members of FIG. 4 along A-A according to the present invention.
  • the first and second rotational members 100 and 200 are disposed such that the housings 140 and 240 face each other and the North magnetic orientations of the magnets 150 and 250 (in FIG. 4) face each other in an offset manner.
  • the magnets 150 impart a repelling magnetic force to the magnets 250 upon rotation of either of the housings 140 or 240.
  • the magnets 150 and 250 will actually pass over each other until the supplied torque is reduced to less than about the combined repulsive magnetic forces between the magnets 150 and 250, or until the delivered torque on the shaft 210 is reduced to less than the combined repulsive magnetic forces between the magnets 150 and 250.
  • the second surfaces of the magnets 150 and 250 are actually experiencing repulsive magnetic forces along a shear direction.
  • some amount of axial repulsive magnetic force is generated along a direction parallel to the rotational shaft 110 and a direction parallel to the rotational shaft 210.
  • the axial repulsive magnetic force lasts for a relatively small amount of time.
  • the axial repulsive magnetic force may resemble periodic impulses along the directions parallel to the rotational shafts 110 and 210 so long as the torque exceeds the combined repulsive magnetic forces between the magnets 150 and 250.
  • Magnetic fields are produced by small atomic current loops created by the orbital motion of electrons within a material. In some materials, when an external magnetic field is applied, these current loops align in such a way as to oppose the applied field. Accordingly, somewhat analogous to Lenz's Law,- the induced magnetic fields tend to oppose the change that created them. Materials exhibiting this characteristic are classified as diamagnetic materials, of which aluminum and copper are exemplary members. [0041] The present invention makes use of this characteristic by forming the housings of the torque transfer system using these diamagnetic materials.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the exemplary rotational members of FIG. 4 along A-A according to the present invention, and FIG.
  • diamagnetic opposition forces DMOl will be formed between the magnets 150 of the first rotational member 100 and the diamagnetic regions 240b of the housing 240 of the second rotational member 200 during the over-torque condition when the magnets 150 move past the diamagnetic regions 240b.
  • diamagnetic opposition forces DMO2 will be formed between the magnets 250 of the second rotational member 200 and the diamagnetic regions 140b of the housing 140 of the first rotational member 100 during the over-torque condition when the magnets 250 move past the diamagnetic regions 140b.
  • the over-torque condition i.e., slip clutch mode
  • the driving torque of the first shaft 110 will exceed the combined repulsive magnetic forces between the magnets 150 and 250, thereby preventing the driving torque of the first shaft 110 from being transmitted to the second shaft 210 as a driven torque.
  • This over- torque condition will cause the first shaft 110 to continue to rotate, and thus, create the diamagnetic opposition forces DMOl and DMO2 between the housings 140 and 240 and the magnets 250 and 150, respectively.
  • the diamagnetic opposition forces DMOl and DMO2 will assist with automatic and immediate re-establishment of the synchronous rotation of the first and second rotational members 100 and 200 once the over-torque condition is reduced to an amount less than the combined repulsive magnetic forces between the magnets 150 and 250.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a first exemplary operational mode of the torque transfer system.
  • the magnets 1 are formed within the first housing (i.e., the housing 140 of FIG. 1) and the magnets 2 are formed within the second housing (i.e., the housing 240 of FIG. 1). Accordingly, a first torque Tl is transferred from a first housing (i.e., the housing 140 of FIG. 1) and the magnets 2 are formed within the second housing (i.e., the housing 240 of FIG. 1). Accordingly, a first torque Tl is transferred from a first housing (i.e., the housing 140 of FIG. 1) and the magnets 2 are formed within the second housing (i.e., the housing 240 of FIG. 1). Accordingly, a first torque Tl is transferred from a first housing (i.e., the housing 140 of FIG. 1) and the magnets 2 are formed within the second housing (i.e., the housing 240 of FIG. 1). Accordingly, a first torque Tl is transferred from a first housing
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a second exemplary operational mode of the torque transfer system.
  • the second torque T2 at a second time period, the second torque T2
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a third exemplary operational mode of the torque transfer system.
  • a third torque T3 greater than the
  • torque T3 is greater than the combined repulsive magnetic forces between the first and second magnets 1 and 2.
  • the diamagnetic opposition forces DMOl and DMO2 between the first and second housings may increase slightly since the magnets 1 and 2 are moving closer together.
  • the magnets 1 of the first housing impart diamagnetic opposition forces DMOl upon the diamagnetic regions of the second housing and the magnets 2 of the second housing impart diamagnetic opposition forces DMO2 upon the diamagnetic regions of the first housing.
  • the magnets 150 of the first housing 140 impart diamagnetic opposition forces DMOl upon the diamagnetic regions of the second housing 240.
  • the magnets 250 of the second housing 240 impart diamagnetic opposition forces DMO2 upon the diamagnetic regions of the first housing 140.
  • the diamagnetic opposition forces DMOl exert repulsive magnetic forces upon the diamagnetic regions of the second housing 240 along the rotational direction of the magnets 150. Accordingly, during the over-torque condition, the movement of the magnets 150 actually provides a "push" to the second housing 240 along the rotational direction of the magnets 150.
  • the diamagnetic opposition forces DMO2 exert repulsive magnetic forces upon the diamagnetic regions of the first housing 140 along the rotational direction of the magnets 250.
  • the movement of the magnets 250 actually provides a "push" to the first housing 140 along the rotational direction of the magnets 250.
  • the over-torque condition actually contributes to immediately reestablishing the synchronous rotation of the first and second shafts.
  • torque may be transferred between the first and second shafts even when the first and second shafts are not disposed along a common rotational axis.
  • first and second shafts are not disposed along a common rotational axis.
  • the driver source and driven component are axially offset, i.e., the first and second shafts are parallel, the coupling must be able to compensate for the axial offset maintain constant torque transfer.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of another exemplary torque transfer system according to the present invention.
  • the first and second rotational members 100 and 200 may be angularly offset by an offset angle ⁇ formed between opposing faces 142a and 242a of the first and second housings 140 and 240.
  • the offset angle ⁇ is also present between the axis of rotation ARl of the first rotational member 100 and the axis of rotation AR2 of the second rotational member 200.
  • the first and second rotational member 100 and 200 are shown in cross-section along A- A, as shown in FIG. 5, but may also be shown along B-B, as shown in FIG. 6. Accordingly, the diamagnetic opposition forces DMOl and DMO2 will still be present during the over-torque condition. However, due to the offset angle ⁇ , the diamagnetic opposition forces DMOl and DMO2 at a position where the distance between the opposing faces 142a and 242a are at a maximum may be less than the diamagnetic opposition forces DMOl and DMO2 at a position where the distance between the opposing faces 142a and 242a are at a minimum. As a result, the re-establishment of synchronous rotation of the first and second rotational members 100 and 200 may take a slightly greater amount of time than when the opposing faces 142a and 242a are parallel.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of another exemplary torque transfer system according to the present invention.
  • the first and second rotational members 100 and 200 may be axially offset by an axial offset distance X between the first rotational axis RAl of the first rotational member 100 and the second rotational axis RA2 of the second rotational member 200.
  • the axial offset distance X results in a relative shift of the first and second magnets 150 and 250 within the first and second housings 140 and 240.
  • the torque may be transferred between the first and second rotational members 100 and 200, and still provide for accommodation of the over-torque condition and immediate synchronization.
  • the first and second rotational member 100 and 200 are shown in cross-section along A-A, as shown in FIG. 5, but may also be shown along B-B, as shown in FIG. 6. Accordingly, the diamagnetic opposition forces DMOl and DMO2 will still be present during the over-torque condition.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of another exemplary torque transfer system according to the present invention.
  • the torque transfer system may include a combination of the angular offset ⁇ , as shown in FIG. 10, and the axial offset, as shown in FIG. 11. Accordingly, both angular offset ⁇ and the axial offset X may be accommodated to transfer torque between the first and second rotational members 100 and 200, and still provide immediate synchronous restart.
  • an automatic and immediate restart (or re- synchronization) will be established.
  • there will be no need to provide mechanisms to reposition the housings to gradually re-establish synchronous rotation nor will there be a need to significantly reduce the rotation of the housings in order to re-establish synchronous rotation.
  • thermal management may not be necessary do to the high thermal conductivity of the diamagnetic materials.
  • thermal management may be accomplished by any one of known temperature controlling means, or by modifying the housings to allow air to efficiently pass through the housings.
  • temperature monitoring of the housings may be desired in order to monitor the operational parameters of the torque transfer system.
  • other systems may be implemented in order to maintain efficient transfer of rotational motion and torque in addition to the restart capabilities of the torque transfer system according to the present invention.
  • the rotational shafts may also be angularly offset such that the housings maintain a gap therebetween and still function to transfer rotational motion and torque.
  • the rotational shafts may be axially offset along a direction perpendicular to the shaft directions such that the housings maintain a gap therebetween and still function to transfer rotational motion and torque.
  • both angular and axially offset to function to transfer rotational motion and torque.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dynamo-Electric Clutches, Dynamo-Electric Brakes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de transfert de couple qui inclut un premier carter formé d'un matériau diamagnétique, une première pluralité d'aimants placés à l'intérieur du premier carter le long d'une direction circonférentielle du premier carter, un premier arbre de rotation raccordé à un premier carter, un second carter formé du matériau diamagnétique, une seconde pluralité d'aimants placés à l'intérieur du second carter le long d'une direction circonférentielle du second carter, ainsi qu'un second arbre de rotation raccordé à un second carter, les premières faces des premier et second carters étant séparées par un premier intervalle de telle sorte que chacun de la première pluralité d'aimants soit placé entre chacun de la seconde pluralité d'aimants.
PCT/US2008/000181 2007-01-09 2008-01-07 Système de transfert de couple et son procédé d'utilisation WO2008127487A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US87932107P 2007-01-09 2007-01-09
US60/879,321 2007-01-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008127487A1 true WO2008127487A1 (fr) 2008-10-23

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PCT/US2008/000181 WO2008127487A1 (fr) 2007-01-09 2008-01-07 Système de transfert de couple et son procédé d'utilisation

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Country Link
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011009003A1 (de) * 2011-01-14 2012-07-19 Horatio Gmbh Kupplung mit Permanentmagneten und elektrischer Magnetfeldkompensation
WO2013123464A1 (fr) * 2012-02-16 2013-08-22 Qwtip Llc Système et procédé de transmission et/ou de couplage magnétique
US20170080136A1 (en) * 2014-05-15 2017-03-23 Technische Universität Wien Magnetic coupling
WO2017108334A1 (fr) * 2015-12-21 2017-06-29 Itt Bornemann Gmbh Système de coupleur magnétique et dispositif avec système de coupleur magnétique

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4767378A (en) * 1985-08-01 1988-08-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Frontal magnet coupling with integrated magnetic bearing load relief
US5324232A (en) * 1991-11-22 1994-06-28 Daniel Industries, Inc. Permanent-magnet front or control coupling to transfer measured values, forces or torques
US6054788A (en) * 1998-08-12 2000-04-25 Reliance Electric Industrial Company Magnetic power transmission coupling
US20040041479A1 (en) * 2000-10-11 2004-03-04 Andrew French Drive apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4767378A (en) * 1985-08-01 1988-08-30 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Frontal magnet coupling with integrated magnetic bearing load relief
US5324232A (en) * 1991-11-22 1994-06-28 Daniel Industries, Inc. Permanent-magnet front or control coupling to transfer measured values, forces or torques
US6054788A (en) * 1998-08-12 2000-04-25 Reliance Electric Industrial Company Magnetic power transmission coupling
US20040041479A1 (en) * 2000-10-11 2004-03-04 Andrew French Drive apparatus

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011009003A1 (de) * 2011-01-14 2012-07-19 Horatio Gmbh Kupplung mit Permanentmagneten und elektrischer Magnetfeldkompensation
WO2013123464A1 (fr) * 2012-02-16 2013-08-22 Qwtip Llc Système et procédé de transmission et/ou de couplage magnétique
US20170080136A1 (en) * 2014-05-15 2017-03-23 Technische Universität Wien Magnetic coupling
US10704553B2 (en) * 2014-05-15 2020-07-07 Technische Universität Wien Magnetic coupling
WO2017108334A1 (fr) * 2015-12-21 2017-06-29 Itt Bornemann Gmbh Système de coupleur magnétique et dispositif avec système de coupleur magnétique
US10886830B2 (en) 2015-12-21 2021-01-05 Itt Bornemann Gmbh Magnetic clutch arrangement and apparatus comprising a magnetic clutch arrangement

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