WO2008119625A1 - Procédé de détermination d'une matrice de mélange de groupes de modes pour un guide d'ondes optiques multimode et systèmes de transmission optiques - Google Patents

Procédé de détermination d'une matrice de mélange de groupes de modes pour un guide d'ondes optiques multimode et systèmes de transmission optiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008119625A1
WO2008119625A1 PCT/EP2008/052894 EP2008052894W WO2008119625A1 WO 2008119625 A1 WO2008119625 A1 WO 2008119625A1 EP 2008052894 W EP2008052894 W EP 2008052894W WO 2008119625 A1 WO2008119625 A1 WO 2008119625A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signals
signal
optical
mode group
mode
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PCT/EP2008/052894
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sebastian Randel
Harald Rohde
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Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
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Publication of WO2008119625A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008119625A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2581—Multimode transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
    • H04J14/0298—Wavelength-division multiplex systems with sub-carrier multiplexing [SCM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/04—Mode multiplex systems

Definitions

  • the invention is in the technical field of optical transmission systems and relates to methods of detecting a mode group mixture matrix describing mode mixing in a multimodal optical fiber. Furthermore, it relates to optical transmission systems which are suitable for carrying out the method.
  • mode group division multiplexing is frequently used as the transmission method.
  • This is an optical transmission method in which multiple optical mode groups of a multimodal optical fiber (transmission fiber) are used to transmit information.
  • the various groups of modes are coupled into the transmission fiber at different angles to the fiber core at the same time.
  • the purpose of mode group multiplexing is to increase the transmission capacity, whereby the amount of data transferable in the same optical waveguide multiplies according to the number of simultaneously used mode groups.
  • the optical mode groups are selectively detected and the transmitted data recovered.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a multimodal optical waveguide 102 in the form of a stepped fiber, which comprises a fiber core 108 and a fiber cladding surrounding the fiber core, which is not shown in greater detail in FIG. 4.
  • a first mode group 103 is coupled in parallel to the fiber core and propagates without reflection within the
  • Optical fiber 102 continues.
  • a second mode group 104 is coupled in at an angle ⁇ in to the first mode group 103 or fiber core and is reflected several times (totally) within the optical waveguide 102 on the fiber cladding.
  • Each mode group 103, 104 generally comprises a plurality of different, simultaneously excited modes due to the inaccuracies in the coupling (for example angular inaccuracy) that can not be avoided in practice.
  • the two mode groups 103, 104 emerge from the optical waveguide 102, wherein the first mode group 103 exits parallel to the fiber core and forms a circular spot 105, while the second mode group 104 emerges at an angle ⁇ out to the first mode group 103 and forms a light spot 106 annularly surrounding the spot 106.
  • the two light spots 105, 106 are spatially separated from each other by a non-illuminated area 107, so that the two mode groups 103, 104 can be evaluated individually.
  • the coupled mode groups can be transmitted with virtually no interference
  • the transmitted mode groups are weakly coupled, resulting in a mixing (coupling) of the mode groups.
  • this mode group mixture would lead to a "smearing" of the light spots 105, 106.
  • the light exchange due to mode group mixing is usually so small that at the end of the transmission path the transmitted information of all groups of modes can be reconstructed using appropriate signal processing techniques.
  • Optical fiber is different, since it depends on the specific conditions (such as fiber curvatures).
  • the optical fibers are also temporarily exposed during operation. ren fluctuations, such as fiber vibrations, fiber contacts or temperature fluctuations.
  • the mode group mixture matrix was H H 1 ⁇ 1 ... H m _ established by iterative tive trying out the matrix coefficients n, where the matrix coefficients reconstructed in dependence of the signal quality from the received signals E 1111 E 1n input signals S 1111 S n, with be compared to the actual input signals S 1111 S n .
  • Fig. 5 schematically illustrates the structure of an optical transmission system for detecting the mode group mixture matrix H.
  • the optical transmission system generally designated by reference numeral 101, comprises a multimode optical fiber 102 (transmission fiber)
  • the optical waveguide 102 is coupled to a multiplexer 111 at its one end face and to a demultiplexer 115 at its other end face.
  • the multiplexer 111 is provided with n multiplexer signal inputs 113 at which the electrical input signals S 1111 S n are supplied.
  • the multiplexer 111 further comprises a plurality n of electro-optical converters 112 which are each assigned to the multiplexer signal inputs 113 and serve to convert the electrical signals S 1111 S n into corresponding optical signals.
  • electro-optical converters 112 for example, single-mode semiconductor lasers can be used.
  • the optical signals generated by the electro-optical converters 112 are supplied to a coupling-in device 114, which couples the various modes or groups of modes into the optical waveguide 102.
  • the coupled mode groups are transmitted via the optical waveguide 102 and coupled out of the optical waveguide 102 by the demultiplexer 115.
  • the demultiplexer 115 is provided for this purpose with a decoupling device 116, which is followed by a plurality m optoelectronic converter 117.
  • the optoelectronic converters 117 which are embodied, for example, as photodiodes, the decoupled mode groups are respectively converted into corresponding electrical signals E 1111 E 1n , which are fed to demultiplexer signal outputs 118 of the demultiplexer 115.
  • the natural numbers n, m may be the same or different from each other.
  • the electrical received signals E 1111 E 1n are then fed to a signal processing device 119.
  • the electrical signals E 1111 E 1n are processed after analog-to-digital conversion, whereby a mode group mixing matrix H is created.
  • the determination of the matrix coefficients of the mode group mixing matrix H so far by iteratively Try matrix of coefficient values to the generated output signals S 1111 S 1n the original input signals S 1111 S n within the framework of a desired tolerance range correspond.
  • the input signals S 1111 S n have been stored in the signal processing device 119 or generated by the signal processing device 119 for this purpose.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for determining the mode group mixture matrix, which describes a mode group mixture when transmitting a plurality of multiplexed mode groups through a multimodal optical transmission fiber.
  • a first method for determining a mode group mixture matrix which describes a mixture of mode groups of a mode group-multiplexed light signal in a multimodal optical waveguide, is shown in accordance with the invention.
  • the first method comprises the steps:
  • the mode group mix matrix can be created with high accuracy. Because in general due to the in the Practice unavoidable inaccuracies in the coupling of the light signals a plurality of modes are excited, here and in the following the (more precise) term "mode group" is used instead of mode. Nevertheless, a group of modes within the meaning of the invention may also contain only a single mode.
  • the signal intensities of the pilot signals are determined by means of Fourier transformation of the mode group-specific electrical received signals. This shows the advantage of a simple implementation.
  • the signal intensities of the pilot signals are determined by means of electrical frequency filtering of the mode group-specific electrical received signals and subsequent signal intensity measurement of the filtered received signals. This makes it very easy to reconstruct the electrical input signals.
  • the invention further extends to a first optical transmission system which is suitable for carrying out the first method described above. It comprises: a multimodal optical waveguide, - a multiplexer connected to the multimodal optical waveguide for generating data-modulated light signals by means of electro-optical transducers based on electrical input signals and for coupling a mode group-multiplexed light signal into the optical waveguide, - a demultiplexer connected to the multimodal optical waveguide for decoupling mode groups demultiplexed light signals from the optical waveguide and for generating mode group-specific electrical output signals, an electrically coupled to the demultiplexer signal processing means for reconstructing the multiplexer supplied electrical input signals from the mode group specific electrical output signals of the demultiplexer.
  • the first optical transmission system is essentially characterized in that a transducer signal input of each electro-optical converter is electrically coupled, for example via an adder, to an oscillator for generating monofrequency pilot signals.
  • the oscillators are set up so that the frequencies of different pilot signals are different from each other. As a result, the electrical input signals can be reconstructed well.
  • each demultiplexer signal output of the demultiplexer is electrically connected to a frequency filter bank, each frequency filter bank comprising frequency filters set to the frequencies of the pilot signals.
  • each frequency filter of the frequency filter bank is electrically connected to a signal intensity detection device for detecting the signal intensity of the pilot signals. This achieves an improvement in the reconstruction of the electrical input signals.
  • the invention further extends to a machine-readable program code for a signal processing device of such a first optical transmission system, which contains control commands that cause the signal processing device to carry out a first method as described above.
  • the invention extends to an electronic signal processing device of such a first optical transmission system, which is provided with such a machine-readable program code.
  • a second method for determining a mode group mixture matrix which describes a mixture of mode groups of a mode group-multiplexed light signal in a multimodal optical waveguide, is furthermore shown according to the invention.
  • the method comprises the steps:
  • Mode group demultiplexing of the transmitted light signal to generate mode group specific light signals
  • the mode group mix matrix can be created with high accuracy.
  • the invention further extends to a second optical transmission system which is suitable for carrying out the second method described above. It comprises: a multimodal optical waveguide, a multiplexer connected to the multimodal optical waveguide for generating modulated light signals by means of electro-optical transducers on the basis of electrical input signals and for coupling a mode group multiplexed
  • a demultiplexer connected to the multimodal optical waveguide for coupling mode group-demultiplexed light signals from the optical waveguide by means of a decoupling device and for generating mode group-specific electrical lektrischer output signals, a signal processing device for reconstructing the electrical input signals supplied to the multiplexer from the mode group-specific output signals of the demultiplexer.
  • the second optical transmission system is essentially distinguished by the fact that each coupling-in signal input of the coupling device of the multiplexer is optically coupled to a light source for generating a monochromatic optical pilot signal, and that each coupling-out signal output of the coupling device of the demultiplexer is optically coupled to an optical filter bank is.
  • each optical filter bank comprises optical filters set to the wavelengths of the pilot signals.
  • each optical filter of the optical filter bank is optically coupled to a signal intensity detector for detecting the signal intensity of the monochromatic pilot signals.
  • the invention further extends to a machine-readable program code for a signal processing device of such a second optical transmission system, which contains control commands that cause the signal processing device to carry out a second method as described above.
  • the invention extends to an electronic signal processing device of such a second optical transmission system, which is provided with such a machine-readable program code.
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows a further embodiment of the first optical transmission system according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows schematically an embodiment of the second optical transmission system according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration for illustrating mode group multiplexing known in the prior art
  • Fig. 5 shows schematically an optical transmission system known in the prior art.
  • a first embodiment of the first optical transmission system according to the invention is shown in a schematic manner.
  • the optical transmission system 1 comprises a multimodal optical waveguide 2 (transmission fiber) for data transmission, which may be, for example, a step or gradient fiber of, for example, glass or a polymer material.
  • the optical waveguide 2 is suitable for transmitting a plurality of optical modes or groups of modes.
  • the optical waveguide 2 is optically coupled to a multiplexer 3 and to a demultiplexer 12 at its other end face.
  • the multiplexer 3 is provided with a plurality n multiplexer signal inputs 4, through which a plurality of electrical signals S 1111 S n can be supplied, each of which according to an information to be transmitted (data) data modulated (for example, frequency, amplitude or phase modulated).
  • the multiplexer signal inputs 4 are each electrically coupled to e / o converter signal inputs 29 of electro-optical converters 5, for example single-mode semiconductor lasers, through which the inputs to the multiplexer signal inputs 4 of the multiplexer 3 electrical signals S 1111 S n be converted into correspondingly data-modulated optical signals.
  • each adder 8 is connected upstream of each electro-optical converter 5.
  • each adder 8 is electrically coupled to the associated multiplexer signal input 4 of the multiplexer 3, the e / o converter signal input 29 of the associated electro-optical converter 5 and an oscillator 9 for generating a monofrequency electrical signal of selectable oscillation frequency.
  • Each adder 8 adds the data-modulated electrical signal supplied to the multiplexer signal input 4 of the multiplexer 3 to a monofrequency electrical signal generated by the oscillator 9, which is then supplied as an electrical sum signal to the electro-optical converter 5 electrically coupled to the adder 8.
  • optical signals generated by the electro-optical converters 5 are provided at respective e / o converter signal outputs 6 and fed via an optical connection Einkoppel worn signal inputs 30 of a coupling device 7, which the various optical signals in mode group-multiplexed form in the optical waveguide coupled.
  • the exact structure of a coupling device 7 for coupling multiplexed optical signals in the optical waveguide 2 is not essential to the understanding of the invention and otherwise known to the expert, so that it need not be explained here.
  • the multiplexer 3 is used for generating and multiplexing coupling of optical signals in the optical waveguide 2, which are based on sum signals resulting from the electrical input signals S 1111 S n and the monofrequency electrical signals generated by the oscillators 8.
  • the coupled via the coupling device 7 in the optical waveguide 2 mode groups are transmitted via the optical waveguide 2 and decoupled via the demultiplexer 12 from the light waveguide 2 and converted into corresponding electrical signals.
  • the demultiplexer 12 is provided for this purpose with a decoupling device 10 which decouples the transmitted light signal modenxx specific and provides the respective groups of mode corresponding light signals to m Auskoppel worn signal outputs 28.
  • the decoupling signal outputs 28 of the decoupling device 10 are each optically conductively connected to optoelectronic transducers 11.
  • the mode group-specifically coupled-out light signals are each converted into electrical signals E 1111 E 1n , which are connected via electrical connecting lines to m demultiplexers.
  • Signal outputs 13 of the demultiplexer 12 are provided.
  • the natural numbers n, m may be the same or different from each other.
  • the m electrical signals E 1111 E 1n are supplied to a digital signal processing device 14 via electrical connection lines connected to the demultiplexer signal outputs 13 of the demultiplexer 12.
  • the analog electrical signals E 1111 E 1n are first converted into digital signals by means of respective analog / digital converters.
  • the matrix equation S H ⁇ 1 * E reconstructed electrical input signals S 1111 S 1n generated and provided to signal processing device signal outputs 15 of the signal processing device 14.
  • the transmission of the light signals through the optical waveguide 2 can take place, for example, with a wavelength of 650 nm. Any other wavelength suitable for transmission in optical fiber 2 may be used.
  • the light signals can be modulated for data transmission, for example, with a modulation frequency in the range of 0 to 1 GHz, in particular 0 to 200 MHz. Any other modulation frequency suitable for data transmission can be used. Frequency modulation of the light signal takes place on the basis of the modulation frequencies of the electrical input signals S 1111 S n in
  • each of the multiplexer 3 supplied input signals S 111 -S n is a generated by the oscillator 8 monofrequentes pilot signal ("pilot tone") added with relatively small signal amplitude.
  • the frequencies E 1 ... F n of the pilot tones are different from one another and chosen such that they lie outside the signal bandwidth (modulation frequencies) used for the data transmission of the signals S 1111 S n used for the data transmission, in order to thereby disturb the data transmission avoid.
  • frequencies in the range of 3 GHz can be used for the pilot tones, for example.
  • modulation frequencies in the range of zero used up to 200 MHz for example, frequencies in the range of 1 GHz can be used for the pilot tones.
  • the frequencies of the different pilot tones may differ by 0.1 GHz.
  • a (fast) Fourier transformation of the digital electrical signals E 1111 E 1n generated on the basis of the received mode groups is performed. From the Fourier coefficients or the signal intensities of the frequencies assigned to the pilot tones, the matrix coefficients of the mode group mixture matrix H can be calculated in a simple and direct manner. The mode group mixture matrix H generated in this way is applied in inverted form to the electrical signals E 1111 E 1n in order to determine the reconstructed input signals S 1111 S 1n .
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically a further embodiment of the first optical transmission system according to the invention, which represents a variant of the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 2 shows schematically a further embodiment of the first optical transmission system according to the invention, which represents a variant of the embodiment illustrated in Fig. 1.
  • each demultiplexer signal output 13 of the demultiplexer 12 associated with a mode group is electrically conductively connected to an electrical filter bank 17 via an electrical coupler 16.
  • Each filter bank 17 comprises a plurality m of electric filters 19.
  • the electrical filters 19 of each filter bank 17 are set to be transparent only to the monotone frequencies of the pilot tones and thus to filter the various pilot tones.
  • each filter 19 of each filter bank 17 is followed by a power measuring device 20 of a power measuring bench 18, which is connected for each the received signals E 1111 E 1n determines the signal intensity of the associated pilot tone. From the amplitudes of the pilot tones, the matrix coefficients of the mode group mixture matrix H can be easily and directly calculated.
  • the group mode mixing matrix thus generated H 1111 E 1n applied in inverted form to the electrical signals E, to calculate the reconstructed input signals S 1111 S 1n.
  • FIG. 3 an embodiment of the second optical transmission system according to the invention is shown in a schematic manner.
  • the transmission system 1 comprises a multimodal optical waveguide 2 (transmission fiber) for data transmission, which may be, for example, a stepped or gradient fiber of, for example, glass or a polymer material.
  • the optical waveguide 2 is suitable for transmitting a plurality of optical modes or groups of optical modes.
  • the optical waveguide 2 is connected to a multiplexer 3 at its one end face and to a demultiplexer 12 at its other end face.
  • the multiplexer 3 is provided with a plurality n multiplexer signal inputs 4, through which a plurality of electrical signals S 1111 S n can be supplied, which are each data-modulated according to an information to be transmitted.
  • the multiplexer signal inputs 4 are each electrically conductive with e / o converter signal inputs 29 of electro-optical converters 5, for example single-mode converters.
  • Signals are then fed via an optical connection to a coupling-in device 7, which detects the various NEN modes or groups of modes coupled in a multiplexed form in the optical waveguide 2.
  • coupling device signal inputs 30 of the coupling device 7 are optically coupled via optical couplers 26 to a light source (eg laser, photodiode) for generating a monochromatic optical signal.
  • each optical coupler 26 is optically coupled to an e / o converter signal output 6 of the electro-optical converter 5 belonging to the coupling-in signal input 30 of the coupling device 7.
  • Each optical coupler 26 adds the optical signal supplied by the electro-optical converter 5 to a monochromatic optical signal generated by the light source 27, which is then supplied to the coupling device 7 as an optical sum signal.
  • the coupling device 7 couples the plurality of optical sum signals in mode group-multiplexed form into the optical waveguide 2.
  • the coupled via the coupling device 7 in a multiplexed form light signal is transmitted via the optical waveguide 2 and decoupled via the demultiplexer 12 from the optical waveguide 2 mode groups-demultiplexed and converted into corresponding electrical signals.
  • the demultiplexer 12 is provided for this purpose with a decoupling device 10, which provides the transmitted light signal modenxx specific to Auskoppel worn signal outputs 28.
  • the decoupling signal outputs 28 of the decoupling device are each optically conductively connected to optoelectronic transducers 11.
  • the decoupled light signals are modenegroup-specifically converted into corresponding electrical signals E 1111 E 1n , which are provided via electrical connection lines to m demultiplexer signal outputs 13 of the demultiplexer 12.
  • the natural numbers n, m may be the same or different from each other.
  • each of the optical signals generated from the electrical input signals S 1111 S n in the electro-optical converters 5 added a generated by the light source 27 monochromatic pilot signal.
  • the wavelengths A 1 ... A n of the pilot signals are different from one another and chosen so that they are different from the wavelength (s) used for data transmission, in order thus to avoid disturbance of the data transmission.
  • the pilot signals can have wavelengths in the range from 660 nm to 700 nm, for example.
  • the wavelengths of the various pilot signals may differ, for example, by 5 nm from each other.
  • each decoupling device signal output 28 of the decoupling device 12 which is optically conductively connected to an optoelectronic converter 11 is optically conductively connected via an optical coupler 21 to an optical filter bank 22.
  • Each optical filter bank 22 includes a plurality of m optical filters 24.
  • the optical filters 24 of each optical filter bank 22 are set to be transmissive only to the wavelengths A 1 ... A n of the pilot signals, thus filtering the pilot wavelengths.
  • each optical filter 24 of each optical filter bank 22 is followed by a photodiode 25 of a photodiode bank 23, which determines the amplitude (signal intensity) for each pilot signal.
  • the illustrated methods according to the invention enable a robust mode group multiplex transmission over a multimode fiber, which can be adapted quickly and easily to changed transmission conditions, as occur, for example, by contact or fiber vibrations.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)
  • Optical Integrated Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de détermination d'une matrice de mélange de groupes de modes, cette matrice décrivant un mélange de groupes de modes d'un signal lumineux multiplexé par groupes de modes dans un guide d'ondes optiques multimode, un signal pilote monofréquence étant transmis pour chaque groupe de modes. L'invention porte également sur un procédé, selon lequel un signal pilote monochromatique est transmis pour chaque groupe de modes, ainsi que sur des systèmes de transmission optiques adaptés à cet effet.
PCT/EP2008/052894 2007-03-29 2008-03-12 Procédé de détermination d'une matrice de mélange de groupes de modes pour un guide d'ondes optiques multimode et systèmes de transmission optiques WO2008119625A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102007015225A DE102007015225A1 (de) 2007-03-29 2007-03-29 Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer Modengruppenmischungsmatrix eines Multimoden-Lichtwellenleiters und optische Übertragungssysteme
DE102007015225.8 2007-03-29

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WO2008119625A1 true WO2008119625A1 (fr) 2008-10-09

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102835044A (zh) * 2010-04-05 2012-12-19 阿尔卡特朗讯 多模式光学通信
CN105052063A (zh) * 2012-12-10 2015-11-11 康宁股份有限公司 叠加光传输模式

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3025676B1 (fr) * 2014-09-08 2016-12-23 Telecom Paris Tech Methode de selection de modes/cœurs pour transmission sur fibres optiques de type multi-mode/ multi-cœur
GB201516759D0 (en) 2015-09-22 2015-11-04 Univ Aston Mode division multiplexed passive optical network

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020048063A1 (en) * 2000-09-07 2002-04-25 Jung Yeun Chol Multi-wavelength locking method and apparatus for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical communication system
WO2006137724A1 (fr) * 2005-06-22 2006-12-28 Stichting Voor De Technische Wetenschappen Procede et appareil permettant de traiter des signaux composite pour former un signal de donnees, et de transferer les signaux de donnees

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020048063A1 (en) * 2000-09-07 2002-04-25 Jung Yeun Chol Multi-wavelength locking method and apparatus for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical communication system
WO2006137724A1 (fr) * 2005-06-22 2006-12-28 Stichting Voor De Technische Wetenschappen Procede et appareil permettant de traiter des signaux composite pour former un signal de donnees, et de transferer les signaux de donnees

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102835044A (zh) * 2010-04-05 2012-12-19 阿尔卡特朗讯 多模式光学通信
CN102835044B (zh) * 2010-04-05 2016-10-26 阿尔卡特朗讯 多模式光学通信
CN105052063A (zh) * 2012-12-10 2015-11-11 康宁股份有限公司 叠加光传输模式
CN105052063B (zh) * 2012-12-10 2018-05-08 康宁股份有限公司 叠加光传输模式

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