WO2008091234A1 - Condenser system eliminating condensed water of evaporator by means of evaporation without using additional energy - Google Patents
Condenser system eliminating condensed water of evaporator by means of evaporation without using additional energy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008091234A1 WO2008091234A1 PCT/TR2007/000061 TR2007000061W WO2008091234A1 WO 2008091234 A1 WO2008091234 A1 WO 2008091234A1 TR 2007000061 W TR2007000061 W TR 2007000061W WO 2008091234 A1 WO2008091234 A1 WO 2008091234A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- condensed water
- evaporator
- condenser system
- air
- main features
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
- F25D21/14—Collecting or removing condensed and defrost water; Drip trays
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F17/00—Removing ice or water from heat-exchange apparatus
- F28F17/005—Means for draining condensates from heat exchangers, e.g. from evaporators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/22—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
- F24F13/222—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate for evacuating condensate
- F24F2013/225—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate for evacuating condensate by evaporating the condensate in the cooling medium, e.g. in air flow from the condenser
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D23/00—General constructional features
- F25D23/003—General constructional features for cooling refrigerating machinery
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2321/00—Details or arrangements for defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2321/14—Collecting condense or defrost water; Removing condense or defrost water
- F25D2321/141—Removal by evaporation
- F25D2321/1412—Removal by evaporation using condenser heat or heat of desuperheaters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D2321/00—Details or arrangements for defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F25D2321/14—Collecting condense or defrost water; Removing condense or defrost water
- F25D2321/145—Collecting condense or defrost water; Removing condense or defrost water characterised by multiple collecting pans
Definitions
- This invention is related with the condenser system eliminating condensed water of evaporator by means of evaporation without using additional energy in all the cooling systems such as air conditioners, chillers, central cooling systems.
- the condensed water over the evaporator which arises out during the cooling process in every type of the cooling systems may be eliminated by means of evaporation without opening the channels and making any additional energy consumption.
- it may be also prevented that bacteria and dirt available in internal media of the cooling systems spread around and damage everything, and it keeps the environment away from undesirable situations because of non-elimination of this water.
- FIG-1 Detailed view of our condenser system eliminating the condensed water of the evaporator by means of evaporation without using any additional energy.
- FIG-2 Detailed view from sight A of the evaporator water evaporation system.
- Figure-3 Detailed view from sight B of the evaporator water evaporation system.
- Figure-4 Detailed view from sight C of the system increasing the period of water flowing inside the flow channel and internal structure of the flow channel.
- Figure-5 Detailed view from sight D of the system increasing the period of air passing under the flow channel, and lower structure of the flow channel.
- Humidity condensed in the evaporator is emptied as condensed water (8) continuously from the upper side to the Unit A (2) available in front of the condenser (11) through a condensed water pipe (1).
- This water (8) passes through the flow channels (3) which are rowed from up to down, and passes to the lower flow channel (3) by means of a lower flow channel passage part (4) with a forced flow after passing each flow channel (3) continues its way until evaporation.
- the flow channels may be made at various shapes, quantities and sizes being suitable to customer requirements, and so a very large evaporation surface is obtained.
- the way of water is increased through the obstacles (5) being available in the flow channel (3).
- the way of air (5) passing over water is also elongated through the obstacles ((6) elongating the way of air which are placed beneath the flow channels (3), so it is provided that air contacts the condensed water (8) for a longer period, and water (8) is eliminated within a shorter period of time.
- an air conditioner which has a capacity of 9.000 Btu/hour condenses 1,2 kg water in cooling and 1 ,4 kg water in taking humidity, but the heated air (9) blown from the condenser (11) can evaporate 2 to 5 fold of this through an appropriate system under the worst circumstances.
- the adjusted flow channel (3) can evaporate this water completely thanks to its values such as length, width, etc.
- Dirt and dust coming from both internal and external spaces may be easily cleaned periodically. Since the flow channels can be rowed without bolts from down toward up, they are taken, cleaned and placed respectively. The cleaning period and the amount of water which is wanted to be impounded in the flow channel (4) can be adjusted according to depth and inclination of the flow channel area. Dirt and dust have the nature of being domestic wastage which may be eliminated by throwing to garbage.
- the channels (3) may be made from a number of materials such as thin plastic and costs cheap.
- a pre -heater addition can be performed so that the condensed water coming from the evaporator is heated by the freon gas compressed and heated in the condenser before it enters into the evaporating system or on the first floor it enters.
- This addition of a pre- heater can not only be used separately but also can be added to this system so its performance is improved.
- This alternative implementation can also reduce the energy consumption.
- sun heater in condensed water coming from the evaporator, sun heater can be used in evaporating system that is the subject matter of the discovery. In this way, heating with a heater system with solar energy is added to the system and an increase in the performance is ensured.
- sunshine reflector can be used in evaporating system, which is the subject matter of the discovery, of the condensed water coming from the evaporator. Heating with a heater system with solar energy condenser can be used separately and also can be added to the system, that is the subject matter of the discovery, so an increase in the performance is ensured.
- Drop stopper may be placed in the direction of the outlet of humidified air of the condenser system evaporating the condensed water of the evaporator.
- the fan (7) may be placed at the positions other than horizontal position.
- - Type of the fan (7) may be changed (like axial - radial and so on).
- the system may be placed inside the condenser.
- Example calculation for the capacity of air to carry humidity If the fan air enters the condenser at 32 C and comes out at 38 C, one cubic meter of air may carry additional humidity (water of 0,010 Kg according to its situation before entering the condenser.
- the condenser fan of an air conditioner which has a capacity of 9.000 Btu/hour transfer about 1.000 m3/hour of air from the evaporator, it is understood that it may evaporate 10 kg water Per hour theoretically.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Devices For Blowing Cold Air, Devices For Blowing Warm Air, And Means For Preventing Water Condensation In Air Conditioning Units (AREA)
Abstract
Condenser system eliminating condensed water of evaporator by means of evaporation without using additional energy in all the cooling systems such as air conditioners, chillers, central cooling systems. The system has a flow channel passage part (4) which provides the condensed water (8) coming from the evaporator condensed water pipe (1 ) to run to the flow channels (3) rowed from up to down with a forced flow until evaporation. Heated air coming from the colling fan (7) evaporates the condensed water. For directing the air the system has flow channel air directing wings.
Description
- DESCRIPTION -
Condenser System Eliminating Condensed Water of Evaporator by means of Evaporation Without Using Additional Energy
This invention is related with the condenser system eliminating condensed water of evaporator by means of evaporation without using additional energy in all the cooling systems such as air conditioners, chillers, central cooling systems.
As known, while the cooling systems are running, condensed water comes out over the evaporator. In the cases where this water is not removed from the cooling system, it is collected around the system and exposes the system to water completely, and may cause the corrosion of metal components of the system. And it requires the repair of the cooling system or fully replacement of the system. For this reason, condensed water should be removed before it damages the cooling system.
Today, condensed water of the evaporator in the cooling system is tried to remove out through channels which are opened for this purpose, or the condensed water so formed is exposed to evaporation by using resistors, or the processes of releasing water into air in small particles which are separated by sprayer of fan in humidifiers are carried out
Removal of condensed water arising out in the chillers through the opened channels increases the cost off installation of the cooling system as well as since the water s run to balconies from the channels, or run down from the upper sides, it causes the wetting of the media where the waters run down, and it may cause the remaining of all the cooling system under water due to cloggages which may occur in the channels, it also requires the repair or replacement of the cooling system. In this type of solution, the noise resulting from the water running down disturbs the people around it. Even, it may cause thew wetting passing from there and also cause the people to slide and fall down.
And in the case where the condensed water is evaporated by using resistors, it requires to spend additional energy. When the method of evaporating water with resistor is applied, it means that 1 ,2 to 1 ,4 kg water is evaporated with electricity per hour in an air conditioner of
9000 Btu. This is an unacceptable consumption 0,7 to 1,0 Kw approximately in a device consuming 2,5 Kw electrical power.
In order not to eliminate the water which is collected as condensed inside the space in such a way that it pollutes or disturb the environment outside the space, when the systems of releasing the water into air in small particles by separating with sprayers and fans which are used in the humidifier are carried out, internal medium bacteria and dirt of the cooling system are sprayed to the external environment or over the people in an undesirable way.
Through our system which is the subject f this invention, the condensed water over the evaporator which arises out during the cooling process in every type of the cooling systems may be eliminated by means of evaporation without opening the channels and making any additional energy consumption. In addition, it may be also prevented that bacteria and dirt available in internal media of the cooling systems spread around and damage everything, and it keeps the environment away from undesirable situations because of non-elimination of this water.
In our system which is subject to this innovation, easily cleaning of evaporation system, non- prevention of functions of the residues which it leaves and elimination of the residues by means of throwing them into garbage are some of the advantages so provided.
The explanations concerning the figures which help the better description of our invention are here below:
Figure-1 Detailed view of our condenser system eliminating the condensed water of the evaporator by means of evaporation without using any additional energy.
Figure-2 Detailed view from sight A of the evaporator water evaporation system.
Figure-3 Detailed view from sight B of the evaporator water evaporation system.
Figure-4 Detailed view from sight C of the system increasing the period of water flowing inside the flow channel and internal structure of the flow channel.
Figure-5 Detailed view from sight D of the system increasing the period of air passing under the flow channel, and lower structure of the flow channel.
Brief definitions of part numbers in the figures which help the better understanding of our invention are as follows:
1 - Condensed water pipe from the evaporator 2 - Unit A
3 - Flow channels
4 - Condensed water flow channel passage part
5 - Water flow length elongation obstacle
6 - Air way elongation obstacle 7 - Fan
8 - Condensed water
9 - Heated air coming from the fan 10- Flow channel air directing wings 11- Condenser
12- Condensed water evaporated.
Operation form of our system which is the subject of this invention:
Humidity condensed in the evaporator is emptied as condensed water (8) continuously from the upper side to the Unit A (2) available in front of the condenser (11) through a condensed water pipe (1). This water (8) passes through the flow channels (3) which are rowed from up to down, and passes to the lower flow channel (3) by means of a lower flow channel passage part (4) with a forced flow after passing each flow channel (3) continues its way until evaporation. The flow channels may be made at various shapes, quantities and sizes being suitable to customer requirements, and so a very large evaporation surface is obtained.
For enabling to fully eliminate the condensed water (8) formed in the cooling system without damaging the system, the way of water is increased through the obstacles (5) being available in the flow channel (3). At the same time, the way of air (5) passing over water is also elongated through the obstacles ((6) elongating the way of air which are placed beneath the flow channels (3), so it is provided that air contacts the condensed water (8) for a longer period, and water (8) is eliminated within a shorter period of time.
In order to cool the condenser temperatures which are 50 to 70oC according to the devices and gas used, thousand of thousands m3 air are blown per hour by the fan (7), and this air passing from the condenser (11) is heated and has a capacity of carrying much more
humidity. Evaporation material which is used in our system that is the subject of this invention is this heated air (9).
For example an air conditioner which has a capacity of 9.000 Btu/hour condenses 1,2 kg water in cooling and 1 ,4 kg water in taking humidity, but the heated air (9) blown from the condenser (11) can evaporate 2 to 5 fold of this through an appropriate system under the worst circumstances.
The adjusted flow channel (3) can evaporate this water completely thanks to its values such as length, width, etc.
Dirt and dust coming from both internal and external spaces may be easily cleaned periodically. Since the flow channels can be rowed without bolts from down toward up, they are taken, cleaned and placed respectively. The cleaning period and the amount of water which is wanted to be impounded in the flow channel (4) can be adjusted according to depth and inclination of the flow channel area. Dirt and dust have the nature of being domestic wastage which may be eliminated by throwing to garbage.
Since there is not any heating at high temperatures in our system that is the subject of this invention and since the heat transfer is direct between air (9) and water (8), thermal conductivity is not important. The channels (3) may be made from a number of materials such as thin plastic and costs cheap.
Besides, the alternatives in our system that is the subject matter of the discovery itself are given as follows, and the implementations such as these alternatives can not be excluded from the patent.
- A pre -heater addition can be performed so that the condensed water coming from the evaporator is heated by the freon gas compressed and heated in the condenser before it enters into the evaporating system or on the first floor it enters. This addition of a pre- heater can not only be used separately but also can be added to this system so its performance is improved. This alternative implementation can also reduce the energy consumption.
- Besides, in condensed water coming from the evaporator, sun heater can be used in evaporating system that is the subject matter of the discovery. In this way, heating with a heater system with solar energy is added to the system and an increase in the performance is ensured.
- Besides, sunshine reflector can be used in evaporating system, which is the subject matter of the discovery, of the condensed water coming from the evaporator. Heating with a heater system with solar energy condenser can be used separately and also can be added to the system, that is the subject matter of the discovery, so an increase in the performance is ensured.
- Fill material similar to those ones in the cooling towers may be used instead of the evaporation channel (3).
- Drop stopper may be placed in the direction of the outlet of humidified air of the condenser system evaporating the condensed water of the evaporator.
- The fan (7) may be placed at the positions other than horizontal position.
- Type of the fan (7) may be changed (like axial - radial and so on).
- The system may be placed inside the condenser.
In the table given here below, the calculation of simple evaporation capacity:
Table 1
Example calculation for the capacity of air to carry humidity: If the fan air enters the condenser at 32 C and comes out at 38 C, one cubic meter of air may carry additional humidity (water of 0,010 Kg according to its situation before entering the condenser.
When it is taken into consideration that the condenser fan of an air conditioner which has a capacity of 9.000 Btu/hour transfer about 1.000 m3/hour of air from the evaporator, it is understood that it may evaporate 10 kg water Per hour theoretically.
If the water so formed is maximum 1 ,4 kg/hour, it will be seen that our system that is the subject of this invention has a capacity of evaporating water at the amount of 2 to 5 fold of the said figure including the losses.
Claims
CLAiMS - This invention is a condenser system which eliminates the condensed water of the evaporator through air heated in the fan of the cooling system without using additional energy. One of its main features is that it has the flow channel passage part (4) which provides the condensed water (8) coming from the evaporator condensed water pipe (1) to run to the flow channels (3) rowed from up to down with a forced flow until evaporation, and the air way from where the heated air coming from the cooling fan placed under the flow channel (3), and the way of condensed water which runs from the flow channel (3), and the flow channel air directing wings (10). - It is a condenser system as described in Demand 1 here above, one of its main features is that there are the water length elongation obstacles (5) which provide the condensed water (8) is exposed to much more heated air coming from the fan. - It is a condenser system as described in Demand 1 here above, one of its main features is that there are the air way elongation obstacles (6) which are installed in the air way in order that the condensed water by evaporating much more. - It is a condenser system as described in the above demands, one of its main features is that there are more than one flow channels (3) in compliance with the requirements.- It is a condenser system as described in the above demands, one of its main features is that the flow channels (3) are rowed from down to up without bolts. - It is a condenser system as described in the above demands, one of its main features is that the fill material similar to those ones used in the cooling towers may be used instead of the evaporation channel (3). - It is a condenser system as described in the above demands, one of its main features is that, when and if desired, a drop stopper may be placed in front of the humidified air outlet. - It is a condenser system as described in the above demands, one of its main features is that the type of the fan (7) used in the system may be changed in axial or radial manner. - This is the condenser system that is mentioned in previous demands; its property is that a pre -heater addition can be performed so that the condensed water coming from the evaporator is heated by the freon gas compressed and heated in the condenser before it enters into the evaporating system or on the first floor it enters.
- This is the condenser system that is mentioned in previous demands; its property is that a sun heater can be used within the system in evaporating the condensed water coming from the evaporator. - This is the condenser system that is mentioned in previous demands; its property is that a sunshine reflector can be used in the evaporating system, that is the subject matter of the discovery, of the condensed water coming from the evaporator
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| TR200700443 | 2007-01-26 | ||
| TR2007/00443 | 2007-01-26 | ||
| TR2007/04018 | 2007-06-11 | ||
| TR200704018 | 2007-06-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2008091234A1 true WO2008091234A1 (en) | 2008-07-31 |
Family
ID=38668710
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/TR2007/000061 WO2008091234A1 (en) | 2007-01-26 | 2007-06-25 | Condenser system eliminating condensed water of evaporator by means of evaporation without using additional energy |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| TR (1) | TR200906022T1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2008091234A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013167412A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-29 | Js Corp | Exhaust heat air-cooling device |
| JP2014001877A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2014-01-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Show case |
| CN110779198A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-11 | 彭从文 | Moisture-keeping type air conditioner heat exchanger |
| DE102022110071A1 (en) | 2022-02-01 | 2023-08-03 | Seifert Systems Ltd. | Air conditioning device for operation in an industrial environment |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1460450A (en) * | 1973-03-01 | 1977-01-06 | Barker Co Leeds Ltd George | Vapour cycle refrigeration systems |
| EP0190794A2 (en) * | 1985-02-02 | 1986-08-13 | Bauknecht Hausgeräte GmbH | Built-in refrigerator |
| DE3742980A1 (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1989-07-06 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann Montage | Droplet collector for an air-conditioning unit |
| US5341655A (en) * | 1992-10-26 | 1994-08-30 | Al Saleh Abdul A A | Salt free evaporative air conditioning |
| JPH0894238A (en) * | 1994-09-28 | 1996-04-12 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Vaporization apparatus |
| JPH10267508A (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-09 | Nec Home Electron Ltd | Electric refrigerator |
| JP2000258042A (en) * | 1999-03-08 | 2000-09-22 | Hoshizaki Electric Co Ltd | Vapor pan of device having refrigerating mechanism |
| JP2000292051A (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-20 | Sanden Corp | Display case |
| WO2005093347A1 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Refrigerator, sterling refrigerator, and drain water processing system |
-
2007
- 2007-06-25 TR TR2009/06022T patent/TR200906022T1/en unknown
- 2007-06-25 WO PCT/TR2007/000061 patent/WO2008091234A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1460450A (en) * | 1973-03-01 | 1977-01-06 | Barker Co Leeds Ltd George | Vapour cycle refrigeration systems |
| EP0190794A2 (en) * | 1985-02-02 | 1986-08-13 | Bauknecht Hausgeräte GmbH | Built-in refrigerator |
| DE3742980A1 (en) * | 1987-12-18 | 1989-07-06 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann Montage | Droplet collector for an air-conditioning unit |
| US5341655A (en) * | 1992-10-26 | 1994-08-30 | Al Saleh Abdul A A | Salt free evaporative air conditioning |
| JPH0894238A (en) * | 1994-09-28 | 1996-04-12 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Vaporization apparatus |
| JPH10267508A (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-09 | Nec Home Electron Ltd | Electric refrigerator |
| JP2000258042A (en) * | 1999-03-08 | 2000-09-22 | Hoshizaki Electric Co Ltd | Vapor pan of device having refrigerating mechanism |
| JP2000292051A (en) * | 1999-04-01 | 2000-10-20 | Sanden Corp | Display case |
| WO2005093347A1 (en) * | 2004-03-29 | 2005-10-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Refrigerator, sterling refrigerator, and drain water processing system |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013167412A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-29 | Js Corp | Exhaust heat air-cooling device |
| JP2014001877A (en) * | 2012-06-18 | 2014-01-09 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Show case |
| CN110779198A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-11 | 彭从文 | Moisture-keeping type air conditioner heat exchanger |
| CN110779198B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-06-15 | 东莞市金鸿盛电器有限公司 | Moisture-keeping type air conditioner heat exchanger |
| DE102022110071A1 (en) | 2022-02-01 | 2023-08-03 | Seifert Systems Ltd. | Air conditioning device for operation in an industrial environment |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TR200906022T1 (en) | 2009-11-23 |
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