WO2008087134A1 - Brûleur haute capacité - Google Patents

Brûleur haute capacité Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008087134A1
WO2008087134A1 PCT/EP2008/050386 EP2008050386W WO2008087134A1 WO 2008087134 A1 WO2008087134 A1 WO 2008087134A1 EP 2008050386 W EP2008050386 W EP 2008050386W WO 2008087134 A1 WO2008087134 A1 WO 2008087134A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
burner
fuel
oxygen containing
containing gas
passage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/050386
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Johannes Cornelis De Jong
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V.
Priority to AU2008206968A priority Critical patent/AU2008206968B2/en
Priority to EP08701496.5A priority patent/EP2104801B1/fr
Priority to CN200880000783.6A priority patent/CN101627259B/zh
Publication of WO2008087134A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008087134A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C10J3/487—Swirling or cyclonic gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
    • C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a burner comprising a burner head and supply openings for a fuel and an oxygen containing gas, a central tubular passage for the oxygen containing gas and a radial outward positioned passage for the fuel.
  • the invention is also directed to process to operate a burner and to a process to start-up a gasification process using the burner process.
  • Burners as above can be used as a start-up burner to start a pressurized coal gasification process. Examples of such coal gasification processes are for example described in WO-A-2004/005438 or WO-A-2006/117355.
  • the temperature and pressure in the gasification reactor are increased by combustion of a liquid oil fuel with oxygen in such a burner.
  • the burner is typically a single fuel burner as opposed to a dual fuel burner because of their more simple design. When the pressure and temperature reach a pre-selected level the actual gasification of the coal can be started.
  • EP-A-108427 describes a burner having a burner head and supply openings for a coal fuel and an oxygen containing head.
  • the burner has a central passage for the oxygen containing gas and fuel discharge openings for the coal fuel at the burner head.
  • US-A-5351477 is directed to a dual fuel burner having separate fuel discharge openings for a gaseous and a liquid fuel.
  • a suited start-up burner desirably has a high heat capacity to compensate for heat losses to the wall and to achieve a high reactor temperature. Because of reactor dimensions a suited start-up burner desirably further has a short flame length.
  • a suited start-up burner will further be capable of operating with a stable flame in a large pressure range, starting at ambient and ranging to a more elevated pressure at which the actual gasification reactions are started.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide a burner, which meets these requirements.
  • Burner comprising a burner head and supply openings for a fuel and an oxygen containing gas, a central tubular passage for the oxygen containing gas and a radial outward positioned passage for the fuel, wherein the passage for fuel is fluidly connected to one or more fuel discharge openings at the burner head and wherein the fuel discharge openings are directed inwardly such that in use the fuel is injected into the stream of oxygen containing gas and wherein the central passage is provided with an obstruction located in the flow path for oxygen and wherein at least part of the fuel discharge openings are located such that, in use, fuel is discharged in a stagnant zone as present at the downstream end of the obstruction .
  • the above burner can have a small diameter in combination with a short flame length and a high heating capacity.
  • the invention is also directed to a process to operate a burner by injecting a fuel into a stream of an oxygen containing gas in a stagnant zone as present downstream from an obstruction as present in the stream of oxygen located at a burner head of the burner and to a process to start-up a pressurized gasification reactor, which reactor is comprised of a vessel, an outlet conduit for product gas, which conduit is provided with a valve, a start-up burner and a burner for performing the gasification reaction, by
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a preferred burner according to the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a combined device comprising a burner according to the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another preferred burner according to the present invention .
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view AA' of the burner of Figure 3.
  • the burner according to the invention is preferably a co-annular burner having a central passage for the oxygen containing gas and an annular passage for the fuel.
  • the obstruction in the central passage may be a part extending inwardly from the wall of the central passage. The size of this part should be sufficient to create a stagnant zone just downstream of said part.
  • the fuel discharge opening is located at said stagnant zone.
  • a suitable obstruction is a swirl imparting means.
  • swirl imparting means are vanes fixed in the central passage of the burner.
  • at least part of the fuel discharge openings are located such that in use fuel is discharged in a stagnant zone as present at the downstream end of the obstruction.
  • Such stagnant zones are present just downstream of, for example, the end of the vanes of the swirl imparting means near the inner wall of the central passage.
  • the distance between the discharge opening and the obstruction is between 0 and 2 mm, more preferably between 0 and 1 mm.
  • the volume of stagnant zone will depend on the dimensions of the obstruction, e.g. the thickness, of the swirl imparting means. For example, a more bulky swirler will result in a larger stagnant zone, which will allow a larger distance between the swirling means and the discharge opening.
  • a start-up burner will suitably be used in combination with an ignition burner and a means to detect a flame.
  • the ignition burner is used to ignite the flame of the start-up burner.
  • the means to detect the flame of the start-up burner and of the ignition burner is preferably done with flame eyes. Although other means such as for example ionisation detection are also possible.
  • these different devices are typically present at separate positions, each requiring a separate passage through the pressure wall of the gasification reactor and separate passage through the reactor internal walls.
  • Reactor internal walls can comprise of refractory or can be so- called membrane walls.
  • the burner according to the invention can advantageously have a small diameter as explained above. Applicants have now found that it is attractive to combine the ignition burner and the start up burner and the flame detector in one apparatus. This is advantageous because for such a device only one passage through the pressure wall of the gasification reactor and through the reactor internal wall is required.
  • the invention is thus also directed to a combined start-up burner, ignition burner and flame detector, wherein the start-up burner is a burner as described above.
  • the combined device is a tubular apparatus wherein the start-up burner, the ignition burner and the flame detector means are positioned co-axial with the tubular apparatus.
  • the ignition burner and the flame detector are well known and will therefore not be discussed here in great detail.
  • the flame has such an improved stability that the use of a separate ignition burner may even be omitted.
  • a sparking device suitably an electric sparker, is present downstream of the stagnant zone at the burner head.
  • the invention is thus also directed to a combined tubular apparatus comprising a burner provided with a sparking device as described above according and a flame detector.
  • the invention is also directed to a process to operate a burner by injecting a fuel into a swirling stream of an oxygen containing gas at a burner head of the burner.
  • the superficial velocity of the oxygen containing gas at the burner head of the burner may range from 40 to 360 m/s and preferably from 40 to 250 m/s.
  • the advantages of the invention are even more achieved at a gas velocity of above 100 m/s.
  • the velocity may advantageously be the sonic velocity of the gas as measured at the conditions of the space in which the flame of the burner is discharged into.
  • the fuel may be any gaseous or liquid hydrocabonaceous fuel.
  • the fuel is a liquid hydrocarbonaceous fuel, preferably kerosene and more preferably gas oil or alternative hydrocarbon products boiling in the same boiling ranges as kerosene or gas oil.
  • Such fuels are preferred because they are easy to obtain and transport. This process is preferably performed in a burner as such or in a combined device as described in this specification and figures.
  • the invention is also directed to a process to startup a pressurized gasification reactor, which reactor is comprised of a vessel, an outlet conduit for product gas, which conduit is provided with a valve, a start-up burner and a burner for performing the gasification reaction.
  • the pressurized gasification reactors are well known and for example described in Chapters 5.3.3-5.3.8 of Gasification by Christofer Higman and Maart van der Burgt, 2003, Elsevier Science, Burlington MA, pages 118-128.
  • a burner as described above is used to increase the temperature in the gasification reactor from typically ambient conditions.
  • the pressure is simultaneously increased by throttling the valve from typically ambient conditions.
  • a solid carbonaceous feed for example coal or biomass, and an oxygen containing gas is provided to the gasification burner.
  • the temperature at which the solid carbonaceous feed is supplied to the gasification burner is suitable above 1200 0 C.
  • the pressure at which the solid carbonaceous feed is supplied to the gasification burner is suitable above 10 bars.
  • FIG 1 shows a burner (1) comprising a burner head (9) and supply openings (3,4) for an oxygen containing gas and a fuel respectively.
  • the burner (1) is further provided with a central tubular passage (2) for the oxygen containing gas and a radial outward positioned annular passage (5) for the fuel.
  • the passage (5) for fuel is fluidly connected to fuel discharge opening (7) at the burner head (9) .
  • the opening (7) are located in the inner wall (12) of the central tubular passage (2) .
  • the openings may be separate openings or more preferably one continuous slit like opening (7) as shown.
  • the opening (7) is directed inwardly, in the direction of the central axis (10) such that in use the fuel is injected into the stream (11) of oxygen containing gas.
  • the central passage (2) is provided with swirl imparting means (6) located between the supply opening (3) for oxygen containing gas and the fuel discharge opening (7) .
  • the swirl imparting means (6) provide, in use, a swirling motion to the oxygen containing gas (11) at the burner head (9) .
  • a stagnant zone (13) is indicated at part (8) of the opening (7) located at the inner wall (12) of the central passage (2) and at the downstream end the swirl means (6) .
  • At part (8) of slit opening (7) at least a portion of the fuel is discharged into stagnant zone (13) .
  • Slit Opening (7) which are located further away from the stagnant zone, introduce fuel directly into the swirling gas stream (11) .
  • FIG. 2 shows a combined device (15) .
  • Combined device (15) is a tubular apparatus having positioned co- axially a start-up burner (16) according to the present invention, a ignition burner (18) and a visual flame detector (17).
  • the flame detector (17) is equipped with flame eyes, whereby the flame is detected from the backside of the flame.
  • the start-up burner (16) is provided with supply means for an oxygen containing gas (19) and a fuel (20) .
  • the ignition burner (18) is provided with supply means for an oxygen containing gas (21) and a fuel (22) .
  • a flame (23) is shown schematically. In reality the size of the flame (23) may be greater than shown.
  • part of the pressure wall (24) of a gasification reactor and a membrane wall (25) comprised of inter-connected tubular parts in which, in use, water evaporates to provide cooling of the wall (25) .
  • FIG. 3 shows another preferred burner (26) according to the present invention comprising a burner head (27) and supply openings (28, 29) for an oxygen containing gas and a fuel respectively.
  • the burner (26) is further provided with a central tubular passage (30) for the oxygen containing gas and a radial outward positioned annular passage (31) for the fuel.
  • the passage (31) for fuel is fluidly connected to a fuel discharge opening (32) at the burner head (27) .
  • the slit like opening (32) is located in the inner wall (33) of the central tubular passage (30) .
  • the opening (32) is directed inwardly, in the direction of the central axis (34) such that in use the fuel is injected into the stream (35) of oxygen containing gas.
  • the central passage (30) is provided with four stud type obstructions (36) extending inwardly from wall (33) into passage (31) and located between the supply opening (28) for oxygen containing gas and the fuel discharge opening (32) .
  • the fuel discharge opening partly open into a stagnant zone
  • Figure 3 also shows a flame (38).
  • Figure 4 is a cross sectional view AA' of Figure 3.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un brûleur comprenant une tête de brûleur et des ouvertures d'alimentation pour un combustible et pour un gaz contenant de l'oxygène, un passage tubulaire central pour le gaz contenant l'oxygène et un passage positionné vers l'extérieur, radial, pour le combustible. Le passage pour le combustible est relié fluidiquement à une ou plusieurs ouvertures de décharge de combustible à la tête de brûleur; les ouvertures de décharge de combustible sont dirigées vers l'intérieur de telle sorte que, lors de l'utilisation, le combustible est injecté dans le flux de gaz contenant l'oxygène. Le passage central comporte une obstruction située entre l'ouverture d'alimentation du gaz contenant l'oxygène et les ouvertures de décharge de combustible. L'invention porte également sur un procédé utilisant ledit brûleur.
PCT/EP2008/050386 2007-01-17 2008-01-15 Brûleur haute capacité WO2008087134A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2008206968A AU2008206968B2 (en) 2007-01-17 2008-01-15 High capacity burner
EP08701496.5A EP2104801B1 (fr) 2007-01-17 2008-01-15 Brûleur haute capacité
CN200880000783.6A CN101627259B (zh) 2007-01-17 2008-01-15 启动加压气化反应器的方法

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07100646.4 2007-01-17
EP07100646 2007-01-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008087134A1 true WO2008087134A1 (fr) 2008-07-24

Family

ID=38289987

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2008/050386 WO2008087134A1 (fr) 2007-01-17 2008-01-15 Brûleur haute capacité

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20090061374A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2104801B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101627259B (fr)
AU (1) AU2008206968B2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008087134A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009096562A1 (fr) * 2008-02-01 2009-08-06 Ihi Corporation Réchauffeur à combustion
CN103134076B (zh) * 2013-02-05 2015-05-06 贵州开阳化工有限公司 气化炉的高背压点火方法
JP6231047B2 (ja) * 2015-06-30 2017-11-15 三菱日立パワーシステムズ株式会社 固体燃料バーナ

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0108425A1 (fr) * 1982-08-23 1984-05-16 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Brûleur pour la combustion incomplète de combustible solide dispersé
EP0108427A1 (fr) * 1982-09-02 1984-05-16 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Brûleur pour la combustion incomplète de combustible solide dispersé
WO1994021357A1 (fr) * 1993-03-22 1994-09-29 Holman Boiler Works, Inc. BRULEUR A FAIBLES EMISSIONS DE NOx
US5351477A (en) * 1993-12-21 1994-10-04 General Electric Company Dual fuel mixer for gas turbine combustor
US5441403A (en) * 1992-06-05 1995-08-15 Nippon Furnace Kogyo Kaisha, Ltd. Method of low-NOx combustion and burner device for effecting same
US5700143A (en) * 1994-01-24 1997-12-23 Hauck Manufacturing Company Combination burner with primary and secondary fuel injection

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Patent Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0108425A1 (fr) * 1982-08-23 1984-05-16 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Brûleur pour la combustion incomplète de combustible solide dispersé
EP0108427A1 (fr) * 1982-09-02 1984-05-16 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Brûleur pour la combustion incomplète de combustible solide dispersé
US5441403A (en) * 1992-06-05 1995-08-15 Nippon Furnace Kogyo Kaisha, Ltd. Method of low-NOx combustion and burner device for effecting same
WO1994021357A1 (fr) * 1993-03-22 1994-09-29 Holman Boiler Works, Inc. BRULEUR A FAIBLES EMISSIONS DE NOx
US5351477A (en) * 1993-12-21 1994-10-04 General Electric Company Dual fuel mixer for gas turbine combustor
US5700143A (en) * 1994-01-24 1997-12-23 Hauck Manufacturing Company Combination burner with primary and secondary fuel injection

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2104801B1 (fr) 2016-06-22
US20090061374A1 (en) 2009-03-05
CN101627259A (zh) 2010-01-13
AU2008206968B2 (en) 2010-09-09
AU2008206968A1 (en) 2008-07-24
CN101627259B (zh) 2011-09-07
EP2104801A1 (fr) 2009-09-30

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