WO2008086738A1

WO2008086738A1 - Enhancing technique for a pressure mechanism by combining pouring the curable polymer under the help of a clamp with a fiber-reinforced composite material

Info

Publication number: WO2008086738A1
Application number: PCT/CN2008/000100
Authority: WO
Inventors: Minxu Lu; Xiuyun Wang; Jinyou Wang; Jinghong Ruan; Guo Liu
Original assignee: Beijing Safetech Pipeline Co., Ltd.
Priority date: 2007-01-15
Filing date: 2008-01-15
Publication date: 2008-07-24
Also published as: CN101204770B; CN101204770A

Abstract

A repairing, reinforcing/enhancing technique for a pressure mechanism by combining a fiber-reinforced composite material with pouring the curable polymer under the help of a clamp. The technique includes: laying one or several layers of fiber-reinforced composite materials (3) on the part needing repairing, reinforcing/enhancing; installing a clamp (4, 5) outside of the fiber-reinforced composite materials (3); pouring a curable polymer into the spacing between the clamp (4, 5) and the pressure mechanism (1) to finish the repair, reinforcement/enhancement of the part. The invention can be used in the first-aid repair or the long term enhancement of all kinds of pipelines, pipe fittings and pressure vessels to lengthen the survice life and improve the safe operating pressure.

Description

Pressure structure fixture and fiber composite material combination reinforcement technology

The present invention relates to a technique for repairing reinforcement and/or reinforcement of a pressure structure. Specifically, the present invention relates to a technique for applying various types of pressure pipes, pipe fittings, pressure vessels, and the like, in combination with a fiber-reinforced composite material and a fixture-curable polymer. A method of repairing reinforcement and/or reinforcement of a tank or the like and its application. The repairing and/or reinforcing technology described above is suitable for various pipelines, especially for oil and gas pipelines to be temporarily repaired without stopping, or for long-term repair and reinforcement, prolonging service life, and increasing operating pressure. Background technique

Pipeline transportation is one of the five major transportation industries in the national economy. At present, China's oil and gas long-distance pipelines have reached more than 50,000 kilometers. During long-term service, these pipelines are affected by formation pressure, soil corrosion, galvanic corrosion, external force damage, etc., causing frequent accidents such as pipe bursts and leaks, which affect the normal transportation of pipelines. Therefore, there is a need for a technique for repairing reinforcement enhancement without stopping the conveyance.

In addition, there may be cases where it is necessary to increase the safe operating pressure due to production needs and to increase the safety factor due to changes in regional categories. Under such circumstances, some pipelines and ancillary facilities in the entire pipeline system that require increased safety pressure due to production needs and need to improve safety factor due to regional category changes must be enhanced to meet the needs of increased operating pressure and safety factor. .

There are reports on the technology of in-line injection of epoxy repairing pipes in foreign countries. For pipelines with corrosive defects in the pipe body, British Gas has reported repairing with an internal epoxy resin repair method. The inner epoxy resin shell is formed by connecting the upper and lower shells to the damaged area, forming an annular space with the pipe, sealing the two ends of the annular space and injecting a high-strength epoxy resin slurry.

However, the reinforcing technology of the above-mentioned casing epoxy injection is not good for the axial force of the pipeline. For example, when there is a crack in the circumferential weld of the pipeline and there is a corrosion defect with a large circumferential dimension, the axial bearing capacity of the pipeline is often It is greatly weakened. At this time, axial reinforcement is required, and this method cannot be satisfied.

In recent years, there have been some reports on the use of carbon fiber composites for the reinforcement of damage to metal pipes outside the pipeline. Patent CN1853847 of Beijing Anke Pipeline Engineering Technology Co., Ltd. reported on the method of repairing and reinforcing weld defects with carbon fiber composite materials. In addition, the Chinese patent CN1616546 «Carbon fiber composite materials and methods for repairing and repairing defective pipes" discloses a use. A method for repairing and reinforcing reinforcing materials and pipes in a pipeline, the material comprising a plurality of layers of carbon fiber composite material impregnated or coated with a certain composition of adhesive dipped glue, which can reach To a good repair and reinforcement effect. This technology can be used to repair and reinforce metal pipes, as well as to improve operating pressure and allowability. However, when the corrosion area and depth are large, this method has certain limitations for improving the bending resistance of the pipeline, and the technique of casing epoxy injection has certain advantages for improving the pipeline bending resistance. In addition, for some special pipe fittings, such as the fixed pier of the pipe, due to structural geometrical limitations, it is difficult to achieve reinforcement by using carbon fiber reinforcement alone.

After long-term research, the inventors have proposed a new reinforcement method combining the fiber composite reinforcement technology with the fixture-curable polymer technology, which not only satisfies the structural reinforcement requirements for axial mechanics, but also It can meet the requirements of the pipeline for bending resistance reinforcement, and can also be used for the reinforcement of special-shaped pipe fittings with special combined structure. This method is a new method for repairing and reinforcing pipelines and auxiliary facilities and improving operating pressure and safety factor. The technology of the invention is suitable for temporary repairing of various pressure pipes, pipe fittings, pressure vessels, storage tanks, etc. without stopping, or repairing and strengthening for a long time, prolonging the service life and increasing the operating pressure.

The technology of the invention can carry out repair and reinforcement enhancement work without stopping the pipeline, and does not require large mechanical lifting equipment during the construction process, and does not need to cut pipes, pipe fittings, etc., has good reinforcing effect, corrosion resistance and aging resistance. , a wide range of applications and other advantages. Summary of the invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for repairing and/or enhancing various pressure structures using a combination of a fiber reinforced composite material and a clamp injection curable polymer; the method comprises the following steps: (1) in need Laying one or more layers of fiber reinforced composite material in repaired, reinforced or reinforced areas;

(2) Next, a jig is mounted outside the fiber-reinforced composite material, and a curable polymer is filled between the jig and the pressure structure.

The term "pressure structure" as used in the present invention includes equipment for storing and/or conveying materials under pressure, such as pressure piping, pressure piping, pressure vessels, storage tanks and the like. As used herein, "pipe" generally refers to a "pressure pipe", which includes a straight pipe and a profiled pipe, the latter including a pipe structure with attachments such as fixed pipe supports or ribs; wherein the pipe fittings include Pipe mounting structural members and accessories, particularly profiled members, include reducer joints, flange joints, pipe caps, and various valves, as well as accessory components of the pipe such as pipe supports, ribs, and the like. In the description of the present invention, the terms "pipe structure", "pipe" and the like are used to describe a pipe and a pipe accessory associated therewith. When referring to the technical solution of the repair, reinforcement and/or enhancement of the present invention, the technical content described may be Extends to all pressure structures.

Specifically, the pressure structure of the present invention that needs to be repaired, reinforced, and/or enhanced includes defective and Defects require enhanced piping, fittings or pressure vessels, especially piping structures.

The above defects include volumetric defects, planar defects, dispersion damage defects or geometric defects. The volume type defects mainly include defects such as spots, grooves, sheets and the like caused by corrosion, and pits, bulging, grooves, overall deformation and the like due to mechanical damage; the planar defects mainly include stress corrosion cracking, hydrogen Causes macroscopic cracks, weld crack defects or fatigue cracks, etc.; the dispersion damage type defects mainly include fatigue initiation microcracks, hydrogen bubbling hydrogen induced microcracks or creep damage microcracks, etc.; the geometric defects mainly include Pouting, wrong side, etc. The method of the present invention is particularly useful for repairing and/or enhancing various crack defects, including ring weld crack defects and spiral weld crack defects.

The term "fiber reinforced composite material" as used in the present invention is composed of an adhesive and a fibrous material.

The term "composite" as used herein consists of a reinforcing phase and a matrix phase, wherein the composite material is selected to have two or more components (or components) in a certain ratio. A material with special properties that has been artificially composited, composed of multiple phases, three-dimensionally combined, and with distinct interfaces between the phases.

Among the composite materials, a composite material in which an adhesive is used as a matrix phase and a fiber is used as a reinforcing phase is referred to as a fiber-reinforced composite material.

As the binder of the matrix phase, a conventional thermosetting resin and a thermoplastic resin such as an epoxy resin are usually used. The above fiber reinforced composite material comprises a continuous fiber reinforced composite material and a discontinuous fiber (e.g., whisker and chopped fiber) reinforced composite material, preferably a continuous fiber reinforced composite material.

The fibrous materials constituting the above continuous fiber reinforced composite material include unidirectional fibers, a woven fabric laminate (orthogonal, oblique), a two-dimensional fabric laminate, a multidirectional woven composite material, and a hybrid fiber composite material.

The above continuous fibers include organic fibers (e.g., aramid fibers, polyethylene fibers), carbon fibers, basalt fibers, glass fibers, boron fibers, preferably carbon fibers, glass fibers, silicon carbide fibers, and more preferably carbon fibers.

Specifically, the method of laying a fiber reinforced composite material in the method of the present invention is wet pasting, the method comprising:

Apply adhesive to areas that require repair, reinforcement and/or reinforcement;

Laying fibers in the area where the adhesive is applied;

The (1) and (2) are optionally repeated a plurality of times, followed by curing, wherein the fibers used in each layer may be the same or different.

Or:

Applying the adhesive to the fibers;

Laying the above-mentioned adhesive-coated fibers at the areas where repair, reinforcement and/or reinforcement are required; The (1) and (2) are optionally repeated a plurality of times, and then cured, wherein the fibers used in each layer may be the same or different.

The above-mentioned fibers coated with the prepreg include fibers which are coated with an adhesive and which have solidified the fiber composite, and which are coated with an adhesive, which need to be heat-cured in practice to form a fiber composite.

In the method of the present invention, the reinforcing fibers may be laid along the axial direction of the pipeline, laid in a circumferential direction, or laid at an angle, or may be any combination of several laying methods, for example, two or three laying methods. The combination.

Wherein the laying of the reinforcing fibers may be laid along the entire combination of the pipes, or may be combined in the pipeline.

Specifically, the method for laying a fiber reinforced composite material is a method of wet-bonding a fiber reinforced composite material, that is, affixing the fiber reinforced composite material to a certain size and number of layers, and the fiber reinforced composite material is coated with the fiber reinforced composite material Adhesive, or impregnated with the adhesive, and if necessary, the layers of material are placed in the radial or circumferential direction of the pipe, and the adjacent two layers of material may be parallel, vertical or The angles are staggered, or criss-crossed.

The curable polymer used in the process of the invention may be selected from the group consisting of liquid rubbers, liquid silicone rubbers, cellulose derivatives, ethylene polymers and copolymers, saturated or unsaturated polyesters, polyacrylic acid esters, polyethers, polysulfones. , aminoplast, epoxide, phenolic resin, polyaromatic hydrocarbon, furan and modified thereof; preferred curable polymers are epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyurethane resin, polyether resin, polyimide resin, amino group The resin or unsaturated polyester resin is more preferably an epoxy or modified epoxy resin, and most preferably an epoxy resin.

The main function of the above curable polymer is pressure and force transmission, and it is preferred to use a curable polymer commonly used in the art such as an epoxy or modified epoxy resin, more preferably an epoxy resin. The greater the modulus of elasticity and the compressive strength, the better, the modulus of elasticity is at least greater than 0.1 gPa, preferably greater than 1. OGPa, more preferably greater than 2. OGPa; the compressive strength is at least greater than 10 MPa, preferably greater than 20 MPa, and further preferably greater than 50 MPa.

According to the method of the present invention, after laying and curing one or more layers of the fiber-reinforced composite material on a pressure structure requiring a "recovering, reinforcing and/or reinforcing", a jig is mounted on the outside of the fiber-reinforced composite material, and The curable polymer is filled between the jig and the pressure structure. The steps of mounting the jig and injecting the curable polymer can be carried out as follows:

(1) making a jig according to the shape and size of the pressure structure to be repaired, reinforced and/or reinforced, the shape of the jig being similar to the structure requiring repairing reinforcement, but the size thereof should be larger than the component of the structure, The fixture usually consists of 2 - 4 sections, on which one or more perfusion holes and one or more Vent;

(2) arranging portions of the clamp outside the structure requiring repair, reinforcement and/or reinforcement, the position being such that a substantially uniform gap is formed between the clamp and the structural member;

(3) connecting the components of the jig in a welded or bolted manner to make it a fixture;

(4) closely connecting the end of the clamp to the pipe structure to be repaired and reinforced by welding or sealing with a sealing material, or any combination thereof;

(5) injecting a curable polymer into the gap formed between the jig and the structure to be replenished by a perforation hole reserved on the jig; and '

(6) Curing the poured polymer.

Specifically, the steps of mounting the jig and injecting the curable polymer in the method of the present invention are carried out as follows:

(1) making a jig according to the shape and size of a pipe, pipe or pressure vessel that needs to be repaired, reinforced or reinforced, the shape of the jig being similar to a pipe, pipe or pressure vessel requiring repair or reinforcement, but having a size larger than An assembly of pipes, tubes or pressure vessels, generally consisting of 2-4 parts, on which one or more perfusion holes and one or more venting holes are provided;

(2) arranging the various parts of the clamp outside the pipe, fitting or pressure vessel where repair, reinforcement and/or reinforcement is required;

(3) The components of the clamp are tightly connected in the form of welding or bolts, so that they become a whole fixture, preferably connected by welding, and the welded portion is preferably opened at a 45 degree groove;

(4) tightly connecting the outer edge of the clamp to the structure requiring repair and reinforcement by means of welding, bolting and by one of the sealing materials, or any combination thereof, preferably by welding and/or sealing material. Tightly connecting and sealing; the relative position between the clamp and the member of the pipe, tube or pressure vessel that needs to be repaired, reinforced or reinforced is a substantially uniform gap between the clamp and the structural component; 5) injecting a curable polymer into a gap formed between the jig and the pipe structure requiring repair and reinforcement by a filling hole reserved on the jig;

(6) The infused polymer is cured, and the jig is formed integrally with the cured resin by the fiber-reinforced composite material repairing and reinforcing structure, thereby completing the repair and reinforcement and/or reinforcement of the structure.

The jig described therein is composed of a plurality of parts, preferably 2 - 4 parts, more preferably 2 parts. The spacing between the clamp and the pipe, tube or pressure vessel to be repaired is preferably 0.2-50 mm More preferably, it is 1-10 mm.

One or more, preferably 1-3, perfusion holes, and one or more, preferably 1-3, vent holes are provided in the above jig. The pre-opened holes can be anywhere in the fixture, preferably in a symmetrical or nearly symmetrical position. The filling nozzle and the exhaust nozzle can be respectively installed on the hole.

In addition, there is one or more holes in the appropriate position of the clamp for controlling the distance between the pipe, the pipe or the pressure vessel and the clamp, which is required to be repaired, the spacing is usually 0. 2- 50 诵, preferably 1- 10 hidden.

In addition, one or more holes may be provided at the appropriate locations of the jig as indicator holes for observing the progress of the infusion of the curable polymer.

The repair and reinforcement technology of the fiber reinforced composite material of the present invention combined with the clamp injection curable polymer can be applied to all pressure structures, including pressure pipes, pressure pipes, pressure vessels, storage tanks, etc., and is particularly suitable for use in Reinforcement and/or reinforcement of the pressure pipe. For pipes, fittings or pressure vessels without defects or various defects, fiber reinforced composites can enhance the strength of the pipe or pressure vessel and have a wide range of crack arrest for various cracks, allowing pipes, fittings or The pressure resistance of the pressure vessel is greatly improved; and the outer layer of the curable polymer can greatly improve the resistance of the pipe, the pipe or the pressure vessel to external pressure and resistance to bending.

More specifically, the present invention provides a repair reinforcement and reinforcement technique for a fiber reinforced composite material for a pipe structure in combination with a clamp injection curable polymer, the method comprising the steps of:

(1) Laying one or more layers of composite reinforcement layer in addition to the structure of the pipeline to be repaired;

(2) making a jig according to the shape and size of the pipe structure, the shape of the jig being similar to the pipe structure requiring repair and reinforcement, but having a size larger than the pipe structure or its components, the jig usually consisting of multiple parts , two or more holes are provided at suitable positions of the clamp;

(3) The parts of the clamp are placed outside the pipe structure that needs to be repaired and strengthened;

(4) closely connecting the components of the jig to form a whole fixture;

(5) blocking the outer edge of the clamp and the pipe structure;

(6) injecting a curable resin into the annular void space formed between the jig and the pipe structure to be repaired and reinforced by a filling hole reserved on the jig;

(7) The resin to be poured is solidified so that the jig and the pipe structure to be repaired and reinforced are formed integrally with the cured resin.

According to the above method, the composite material may be a carbon fiber composite material, a glass fiber composite material, a basalt fiber, an aramid composite material, preferably a carbon fiber composite material and a glass fiber composite material, and more preferably a carbon fiber composite material. The reinforcing fibers of the composite material may be laid along the axial direction of the pipeline, or may be laid circumferentially, or laid at an angle, or may be any combination of several laying methods, preferably laid along the axial direction of the pipeline. The jig described therein is composed of a plurality of parts, preferably consisting of 2-4 parts, more preferably 2 parts. The distance between the clamp and the pipe structure to be repaired and reinforced is preferably between 0.2 and 50 mm, more preferably between 1 and 10 mm.

The parts of the above-mentioned component jig are tightly connected in the form of welding or bolts to form a whole of the jig.

Between the above-mentioned jig and the pipe structure to be repaired and reinforced, by welding, bolting or sealing material, or any combination of several ways, connecting and blocking, forming a void space, preferably by welding form and sealing material The way.

The above sealing materials include rubber, silicone, curable resin, cement and reinforcing steel or any combination of several materials having good sealing properties, preferably curable resins and reinforcing steel bars.

There are two or more holes on the jig, preferably 2-10 holes, more preferably 2-6 holes as the perfusion holes and the vent holes. The pre-opened holes can be anywhere in the clamp, preferably in a relative or close relative position. The filling nozzle and the exhaust nozzle can be respectively installed on the hole.

The above curable resin includes an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyether resin, a polyimide resin, an amino resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, preferably an epoxy resin.

There are also one or more holes in the appropriate position of the clamp for controlling the spacing between the profiled pipe structure requiring repair of the reinforcement and the clamp, and/or as an indicator hole for observing the progress of the resin infusion.

More specifically, in the method of the present invention, the operation of laying one or more layers of the composite material in step 1 is as follows:

1 firstly clean the surface of the metal pipe;

2 Repair the defects on the surface of the metal pipe: fill the surface of the steel pipe, such as honeycomb, pockmark, small hole, near the weld, fill it with the filling resin, and repair it to the surface;

3 Wet-bonded fiber cloth: The fiber cloth is adhered according to a certain size and number of layers, and the carbon fiber sheet is pasted according to a certain size and number of layers, the fiber cloth is coated with the adhesive dipped glue, or the adhesive is used. Dip impregnation, and each carbon fiber cloth layer is placed in the radial or circumferential direction of the pipe as needed, and the adjacent two layers of fiber cloth may be parallel, perpendicular or staggered at an angle. Or criss-cross.

In the method of the present invention, the above step 2 is to make a jig according to the shape and size of the metal pipe structure to be repaired, and the jig is similar in shape to the pipe structure requiring repair and reinforcement, but the size is larger than the pipe. Components of structural and / or profiled fittings. The jig described therein is usually made of a metal material, preferably the same material as the profiled pipe structure that needs to be repaired and reinforced. In order to facilitate assembly, the fixture passes Often composed of multiple parts, preferably consisting of 2-4 parts, and more preferably 2 parts.

In the method of the present invention, the above step 3 is to lay 2-4, preferably two, components constituting the clamp on the pipeline structure that needs to be repaired and reinforced, and the clamp and the special-shaped pipeline structure that needs to be repaired and reinforced should be made as much as possible. The relative position is symmetrical, that is, there is a similar distance between any two places, so that the cured resin layer has a thickness as uniform as possible, and one or more holes can be set at appropriate positions of the jig. The distance between the control jig and the profiled pipe structure to be repaired is usually between 0.2 and 50 mm, preferably between 1 and 10 mm. The arrangement of the number and location of the above holes is well known to those skilled in the art.

In the method of the present invention, the above step 4 is to tightly connect the respective constituent parts of the component jig in the form of welding or bolting to form the entire jig. Most preferably, the clamp consists of two parts which are joined by welding to form a unitary body.

In the method of the present invention, the above step 5 is to block the outer edge of the clamp and the pipe structure and/or the special-shaped pipe member by means of splicing, bolting or using a sealing material or the like; or any combination thereof; Preferably, the sealing is carried out by means of a sealing material and/or by welding. The sealing material is capable of ensuring that there is no leakage when the epoxy resin is poured in the next step. The sealing material is selected from the group consisting of rubber, silicone rubber, epoxy resin, cement and reinforcing steel bars and other steel structures having good sealing properties, and any one of them or a combination of any two or more thereof may be employed.

In the method of the present invention, in the above steps 4 and 5, as in the welding between the parts of the component jig and the jig and the pipe structure requiring repair and reinforcement, the welded portion is preferably opened at a 45 degree slope. mouth.

In the method of the present invention, the above steps 6 and 7 are to infuse the resin into the gap formed between the jig and the pipe structure and/or the shaped pipe member to be repaired and reinforced by the filling hole reserved on the jig; The resin is cured. The resin therein includes an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyether resin, a polyimide resin, an amino resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, preferably an epoxy resin. The fixture and the pipe structure that needs to be repaired and reinforced form a whole by the cured resin, and the repair and reinforcement of the structure is completed.

In order to infuse the resin, one or more perfusion holes are provided in the jig of the present invention, and there are one or more vent holes, such as one or two perfusion holes, and one or two vent holes. The opening of the filling hole should be located approximately 30 mm from the center of the weld. It is not advisable to make holes in the pipe weld and its edges. The number of perfusion holes and vent holes is set depending on the amount of resin to be poured and the curing time of the resin, i.e., the rate of perfusion must ensure that the desired amount of resin is filled during the resin operation time.

In order to facilitate the pouring operation, the filling nozzle and the exhaust nozzle may be mounted on the filling hole and the exhaust port, and the filling nozzle and the exhaust nozzle are usually screwed into the filling hole and the exhaust hole. The filling nozzle and the exhaust The nozzle may be a straight tube having a diameter suitable for connection to a perfusion pump or a straight tube with a corrugated port, preferably using a commercially available high pressure water stop needle that utilizes the principle of ring compression. Its head is equipped with a one-way stop valve to prevent the slurry from being sprayed under high pressure. After the filling operation is completed and it is confirmed that the resin has solidified, the filling nozzle and the exhaust nozzle are cut off, and the respective filling holes and the vent holes can be sealed with screws as needed.

When filling the resin, the perfusion hole should normally be at the bottom and the vent hole at the top. Once the venting hole is found to have resin spillage, the void is filled with resin. After the resin is cured, the filling nozzle and the vent are cut off, and the respective filling holes and vent holes can be sealed with screws as needed.

For better control of the quality of the perfusion, one or more holes can also be placed in the appropriate position of the clamp as an indicator hole for observing the progress of the perfusion. The selection criteria for setting the location are well known to those skilled in the art.

The resin used in the above method of the present invention may be any resin commercially available, and a resin which satisfies the performance index of Table 3 below is preferably used.

Table 3 Mechanical properties of curable resin

The repair reinforcement and/or reinforcement technology described above in combination with the fixture-curable polymer and its use and application are mainly carried out at the pipeline construction site, and some processes can also be carried out in the shop floor. In the implementation of the pipeline repair and reinforcement project, it is preferred to carry out different degrees of prefabrication according to the needs of the project, such as the fine processing of the fixture in the processing workshop, and then on-site installation; after each component of the component is prefabricated and qualified, Shipped to the site, all finely processed on site, then installed and welded.

In the practice of the method of the invention, the surface of the pipe, the pipe or the pressure vessel may be treated as needed before the fiber reinforced composite material is laid, such as cleaning the surface; repairing the surface defects: recessing the surface of the steel pipe, for example Honeycombs, pockmarks, small holes, near welds, etc. are ground and filled with a filling resin, and repaired to a smooth surface. The above surface treatment steps such as sanding, metal pipe descaling, passivation, etc. can improve the interface bonding force. In addition, 'the surface unevenness can be filled with the filling material on the surface of the pipe, pipe fitting or pressure vessel as needed. The filling material can be a common filling resin on the market, such as JH-leveling glue. Or other materials whose elastic modulus is closer to the pipe body, such as BELZ0NA 1221, which has a higher modulus of elasticity, close to the elastic modulus of ordinary steel, and preferably a flat modulus of elastic modulus close to the pipe material. Commonly used filler resins are epoxy resins, phenolic resins, polyurethane resins, polyether resins, polyimide resins, amino resins, unsaturated polyester resins or mixtures thereof with certain mechanically reinforcing particulate materials. Preferably, the filling resin is an epoxy resin or a mixture thereof with a mechanically reinforced particulate material. The mechanically reinforced particulate material described therein is a mechanically reinforced filler particulate material conventionally used in the art, such as sand, stone, and the like.

The present invention provides a technique for repairing and reinforcing a pipe, a pipe or a pressure vessel, and improving the operating pressure. The technique employs a composite reinforcement reinforced fixture to repair and reinforce the polymer. The repair and reinforcement enhancement technology of the invention is suitable for temporary repairs of various pipelines and their auxiliary facilities without stopping, or for long-term repair and reinforcement, prolonging service life, and improving safe operating pressure. The material of the pipeline includes various metal pipes and non-metal pipes (the above related welding techniques are not used for non-metallic materials), such as repairing and strengthening the large oil and gas pipelines and their auxiliary facilities, and improving the operating pressure. The pipes and their auxiliary facilities refer to standard and non-standard pipes of various calibers; various pipe fittings, including standard and non-standard elbows, tees, crosses, reducers, caps and flange joints, etc. Shaped structures in pipelines, such as pipe supports, stiffeners, and more complex structures, valves, and combinations of the various structures described above.

The method of the present invention for repairing reinforcement and/or reinforcement of pipes, tubes or pressure vessels, which is improved by composite reinforcement and jig injection resin technology known in the prior art, and organically combined to overcome the use alone When the composite material is reinforced, it is difficult to apply to the problem of the irregular structure and the insufficient bending resistance, and the problem that the reinforcing effect of the axial resistance along the pipeline is insufficient when the clamp injection resin technology is used alone.

The technology of the invention can carry out the reinforcing work of the composite material reinforcing jig injection resin technology of the invention without stopping the pipeline, and the reinforcing operation not only has the advantages of corrosion resistance, aging resistance and reinforcing effect, but also At the same time, the operating pressure is increased and the scope of application is wide. DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic view of a pipe and its defects in an embodiment (Example 1) of the present invention, wherein 1 is a reinforcing pipe; 2 is a mechanical damage defect.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the reinforcing and processing jig of the carbon fiber composite material in the first embodiment of the present invention. In order to increase the tensile strength after reinforcement, the carbon fiber composite layer is first added. 1 is the reinforcement pipeline; 2 is the mechanical damage defect, 3 is the carbon fiber composite reinforcement layer, 4 and 5 are the two components of the fixture respectively; 6 is the perfusion hole; 7 is the vent hole.

3 is a schematic overall view of a jig according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Among them, 8 is the sealing material between the whole fixture and the pipe to be reinforced. Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the pouring of an epoxy resin in Example 1 of the present invention, and the arrow 9 in the figure means the flow direction of the epoxy resin when the epoxy resin is poured.

Figure 5 is a schematic view of the processing of the jig in another embodiment (Embodiment 2) of the present invention, the technical solution is for reinforcing the surrounding portion of the cross tube holder of the pipe, wherein 1 is a reinforcing pipe; 4 and 5 are respectively clamps Two components; 6 is a perfusion hole; and 7 is a venting hole; 10 and 1 1 are the gap portions of the jig for the processing of the cross tube to the steel plate; .12 and 13 are the axial plates for the cross tube of the clamp The section of the gap is machined; 14 is the steel plate of the cross tube bracket along the direction of the pipe; and 15 is the steel plate of the cross tube bracket along the axial direction of the pipe.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the reinforcing of the fiber composite material in the second embodiment of the present invention. In order to improve the tensile strength after reinforcement, the fiber composite material layer is first added. Where 1 is the reinforcing pipe; 3 is the fiber composite reinforcement; 4 and 5 are the two components of the fixture; 6 is the filling hole; and 7 is the vent; 10 and 11 are the clamp for the cross The gap portion of the circumferential steel plate processing; 12 and 13 are the gap portions of the clamp for the axial steel plate processing of the cross tube; 14 is the cross tube support, the steel plate along the pipe ring direction; and 15 is the cross tube support along the pipe axis Steel plate.

7 is a schematic view of a resin impregnated in Example 2 of the present invention, wherein 1 is a pipeline to be reinforced;

6 is a perfusion hole; 7 is a vent hole; 8 is a sealing material; arrow 9 in the figure refers to a flow direction of the epoxy resin when the epoxy resin is poured.

Fig. 8 is a view showing the effect of reinforcing the cross tube support in the second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the reinforcement of the weld bead in the third embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is a reinforcing pipe, 16 is a girth weld, 4 and 5 are respectively two components of the jig, 6 is a perfusion hole, and 7 is Vent.

Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the reinforcement of the fiber composite material in the weld reinforcement step in the third embodiment of the present invention. In order to increase the tensile strength after reinforcement, the fiber composite layer is first added. Among them, 1 is a reinforcing pipe; 3 is a fiber composite reinforcing layer.

Fig. 11 is a view showing the effect of the flat seam reinforcement in the third embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 12 is a schematic view of a tee in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Figure 13 is a schematic view of a three-way reinforcing jig in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Figure 14 is a schematic view showing the reinforcing of the fiber composite material in the three-way reinforcing step in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 15 is a view showing the effect of the three-way reinforcement in the fourth embodiment of the present invention. detailed description In order to further illustrate the materials and construction techniques of the present technology, the following examples are given. However, these examples do not limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Example 1 Pipeline mechanical damage defect reinforcement experiment

The experimental selection of the pipe diameter is C>720mm, the wall thickness is 9mm, and the material is Q235b. The pipe has a mechanical damage of 40 mm in length, l0 mm in width and 4.5 mm in depth. Figure 1. The pipeline is repaired and reinforced by the composite material reinforced polymer technology of the present invention. .

The experiment proceeds as follows:

1. Carbon fiber composite reinforcement

First, surface cleaning of the metal pipe (1);

Repair the defects on the surface of the metal pipe: The mechanical damage of the surface of the steel pipe (2) is filled with the filling resin and repaired to the surface;

Wet-bonded carbon-silicone cloth: According to the length of 200 mm and the width of 2170 mm, a layer of carbon fiber is adhered along the axial direction of the pipe, wherein the carbon fiber cloth is brushed or impregnated with the adhesive dipped in the present invention.

After 24 hours, the carbon fiber composite (3) is cured to strength and the next step is performed. 2. Making fixtures

Specially designed fixtures are machined according to the structure and shape of the pipe main and mechanical damage defects. It consists of two parts (see 4 and 5 in Figure 2). The two semicircles with a diameter of O760mm and a wall thickness of 9mm and a tube of the same material Q235b and a length of 400mm are divided into two equal semi-circles, which are precisely machined by cutting, angle grinding and other methods. Then, 4 and 5, except for the circular section, all the parts to be welded are machined to a 45 degree groove to clean the oil, paint, rust, burrs and other dirt on the groove and its inner and outer surfaces;

The perfusion hole 6 and the vent hole 7 are opened on the 4 and 5, respectively. Threading the holes to install the filling nozzle and the exhaust nozzle.

3. Assembly and installation of fixtures

Place the two parts 4 and 5 of the clamp on the sides of the main pipe 1, see Figure 2.

Tightly connect 4 and 5 in a welded form to form an annular space, taking care to make the distance between the main pipe and the fixture as symmetrical as possible.

4, the sealing of the annular space

Using SK-110 quick-drying transparent epoxy glue 8 (sealing material, 5-10 minutes hardening; shear strength > 8 ^0^) of Hunan Shenli Industrial Co., Ltd., the edge of the annular gap formed between the plugging fixture and the main pipe Form a closed loop space. 5, infused with epoxy resin

A filling nozzle and a discharge nozzle are respectively mounted on the filling hole and the exhaust hole of the jig. The perfusion hole is placed below, the vent hole is placed above, and the epoxy resin is poured into the annular space through the filling hole 6 by using a manual pump (see FIG. 4), which is the JX provided by the China National Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Bureau. -1 epoxy resin (compressive strength: 54.3 MPa; adhesive strength: 3.5 N/mm2; compressive elastic modulus: 2.6 Gpa; viscosity: 9.8 mPa.s; operating time: 90 minutes). The epoxy resin is spilled until the vent hole 7 located above, and the perfusion is stopped.

After 24 hours, the epoxy resin was completely cured. The grout nozzle and the exhaust nozzle are cut off, and the holes are sealed with screws. The entire set of reinforcement measures began to work in tandem with the pipe body. (See Figure 3.)

According to SY-T5992-94 "Test method for hydrostatic pressure blasting of steel pipes", the blasting test is carried out.

After 18MPa, the pipeline will be blasted without defects and repairs, and the defects will be intact due to the reinforcement measures. It shows that the implementation of this reinforcement technology has achieved the effect of repair and reinforcement.

Example 2 Cross tube reinforcement test

The experimental selection pipe (1) has a diameter of D720mm, a wall thickness of 9mm, and a material of Q235b. There is a 600mm long cross-shaped tube holder (welded axial thrust tube holder) directly under the pipe. The pipeline is designed to have a pressure of 4.3 MPa, and the composite material reinforced composite fixture of the present invention is used to reinforce the pipeline to increase the pressure.

The experiment proceeds as follows:

1. Carbon fiber composite reinforcement

First, surface cleaning of the metal pipe;

Repair the defects on the surface of the metal pipe: fill the surface of the steel pipe, such as honeycomb, hemp surface, small hole, near the weld, etc. with repair glue, and repair it to the surface;

Wet-bonded carbon fiber cloth: According to the length of 1000mm and 2170mm, one layer of carbon fiber (3) is adhered along the axial direction of the pipe, wherein the carbon fiber cloth is brushed or impregnated with adhesive dipping.

After 24 hours, the carbon fiber composite was cured to strength and the next step was carried out.

2, making fixtures

Specially designed fixtures are machined according to the structure and shape of the pipe and the pipe bracket. It consists of two parts (see 4 and 5 of Figure 5). A tube having a diameter of Φ760ιηιη, a wall thickness of 9 mm, and a tube of the same material Q235b, and a length of lm are cut into two semi-circles, and a shape and a size of the cross-supporting steel plate are cut out respectively. 14) Corresponding gaps (see 10, 1 1 in Figure 5) and gaps corresponding to the cross-bar support plate (15) (see 12, 13 in Figure 5), after gas cutting, angle grinding, etc. The method is finely machined. Then, the clamps (4) and (5) are opened at a 45 degree groove except for the circular section, and the oil, paint, rust, burrs and other dirt on the groove and its inner and outer surfaces are cleaned; 4) and (5) open the perfusion hole (6) and the vent hole (7). Threading the holes to install the filling nozzle and the exhaust nozzle.

3. Assembly and installation of fixtures

Place the two parts (4) and (5) of the clamp on the sides of the main tube. The steel plate (14) of the cross tube bracket is inserted into the gaps (10) and (11), and the steel plate (15) is just inserted into the gaps (12) and (13).

Tightly connect between (4) and (5) and between the clamp and the tube steel plates (14) and (15) to form an annular space, taking care to make the distance between the main pipe and the clamp as much as possible. The symmetry, the appearance after assembly is shown in Figure 7.

4. Blocking of the annular space.

Using the sealing material (8) (SK-110 quick-drying transparent epoxy glue of Hunan Shenli Industrial Co., Ltd., 5-10 minutes hardening; shear strength) 8MPa), the edge of the annular gap formed between the plugging fixture and the main pipe, Form a closed loop space.

5, infused with epoxy

A filling nozzle and a discharge nozzle are respectively mounted on the filling hole and the exhaust hole of the jig. The perfusion hole is placed below, and the vent hole is placed above, and the epoxy resin is poured into the annular space through the filling hole (6) by a manual pump. The epoxy resin is JX-1 provided by the China Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Bureau. Epoxy resin (compressive strength: 54.3MPa; adhesive strength: 3.5N/mm2; compressive elastic modulus: 2.6Gpa;

1. Carbon fiber composite reinforcement

First, surface cleaning of the metal pipe;

Filled with repair glue near the weld, repaired to a smooth surface;

Wet-bond carbon fiber cloth (see Figure 10).

The carbon fiber composite is cured to strength and the next step is performed.

2, making fixtures

Similar to the embodiment 1, the jig is constructed according to the pipe structure and shape (see Fig. 9).

3. Assembly and installation of fixtures (see Example 1)

4. Blocking of the annular space.

Using sealing material ( 8 ) (Shenzhen Shenli Industrial Co., Ltd. SK-110 quick-drying transparent epoxy glue,

5-10 minutes hardening; shear strength > 8 MPa), the edge of the annular gap formed between the plugging fixture and the main pipe forms a closed annular space.

5, infusion of curable polymer

The curable liquid silicone rubber is poured into the above-mentioned annular space. After the silicone rubber is cured, the whole set of reinforcing measures starts to bear the same force with the pipe body. (See Figure 1 1).

Example 4 Non-metallic pipe reinforcement experiment

The experimental selection of the pipe diameter is Φ60ππη, the wall thickness is 4mm, and the material is PVC. There is damage in the middle of the pipe. The pipeline is repaired and reinforced by the composite material reinforced clamp injection curable polymer technology of the present invention. The specific method is similar to that of Embodiment 1.

Example 5 Three-way reinforcement experiment

The experimental selection pipeline is Φ325ππη, the wall thickness is 7mm, the material is Q235b, and the experimental tee is the equal-diameter tee (see Figure 12). The three-way structure is repaired and reinforced by the composite material reinforced clamp injection curable polymer technology of the present invention. The specific operation steps are similar to those of Embodiment 1, and FIGS. 12-15 specifically illustrate the reinforcement of the three-way. The specific operation steps are as follows;

1. Design the machining fixture according to the structure and shape of the tee (see Figure 13). It consists of two parts that are completely equal, with a filling hole and a venting hole in place;

2. First wrap the fiberglass composite layer (see Figure 14).

3. As with the outer garment, wrap the two parts of the clamp outside the tee to be reinforced, and weld the two parts of the fixture together on site;

4. Seal the gap between the edge of the clamp and the tee with a sealing material. During the sealing of the sealing material, pay attention to making the distance between the clamp and each part of the tee as uniform as possible. 5. Thread the holes in each hole to install the filling nozzle and the exhaust nozzle. The perfusion hole is then placed below, with the venting hole above, and a phenolic resin is poured into the space formed between the jig and the tee through a perfusion hole using a hand pump. The phenol resin is spilled through the vent hole located above and the perfusion is stopped. After the phenolic resin is completely cured, the grouting nozzle and the exhaust nozzle are cut off, and the holes are sealed with screws, thereby completing the reinforcing and lifting of the tee (see Fig. 15).

The composite material reinforced clamp injection curable polymer repair and reinforcement technology provided by the invention and the use method and application thereof are a practical production technology, and can be applied to various pipelines, such as gas pipelines, especially the pipelines and auxiliary thereof. The repair and reinforcement of the facilities and the improvement of operating pressure are indispensable practical technologies for the repair and reinforcement of large pipelines.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that many modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All such variations and modifications are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

Rights request

A method of repairing, reinforcing and/or enhancing a pressure structure, the method comprising the steps of:

(1) Laying one or more layers of fiber reinforced composite material in areas where repair, reinforcement and/or reinforcement are required; and

(2) A jig is mounted outside the fiber reinforced composite material, and a curable polymer is poured into the gap formed between the jig and the pressure structure.

2. A method according to claim 1 wherein said pressure structure is a device for storing and/or transporting material under pressure.

3. A method according to claim 2 wherein said pressure structure is a pressure line, a tube or a pressure vessel.

4. The method of claim 1 wherein said fiber reinforced composite material is a continuous fiber reinforced composite material.

5. The method of claim 4 wherein said continuous fibers are selected from the group consisting of unidirectional fibers, orthogonal or oblique weftless laminates, two-dimensional fabric laminates, multi-directional woven materials, and hybrid fiber materials.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein said fibers are selected from the group consisting of organic fibers of aramid fibers or polyethylene fibers, carbon fibers, glass fibers, basalt fibers, boron fibers, silicon carbide fibers, alumina fibers, and ceramic fibers. .

7. A method according to claim 6 wherein said fibers are carbon fibers, glass fibers or basalt fibers.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein said fibers are carbon fibers.

9. The method of any of claims 1-8, wherein the step of laying the fiber reinforced composite material comprises:

(1) Applying an adhesive to areas that require repair, reinforcement and/or reinforcement;

(2) laying fibers at the place where the adhesive is applied;

The (1) and (2) are optionally repeated a plurality of times and then cured, wherein the fibers used in each layer may be the same or different.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the layers of the fiber reinforced composite material can be laid along the axial direction of the pipeline, laid in a circumferential direction or laid at an angle, or may be several Any combination of laying methods.

1 1. The method according to claim 10, wherein the laying portion can be laid along the entire combination of the pipes, or can be partially combined in the pipe.

12. The method of any of claims 1-8, wherein the step of laying the fiber reinforced composite material comprises:

(1) applying an adhesive to the fibers;

(2) laying the above-mentioned adhesive-coated fibers at the areas where repair, reinforcement and/or reinforcement are required; optionally repeating (1) and (2) multiple times, followed by curing, wherein the fibers used in each layer may be the same Or different.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the layers of the fiber reinforced composite material can be laid along the axial direction of the pipeline, laid in a circumferential direction or at an angle, or can be any combination of several laying methods. .

14. A method according to claim 13 wherein said layers of fiber reinforced composite material are preferably laid axially along the pipe when used in a pipe.

15. The method of claim 1 wherein step 2 is performed as follows:

(1) making a jig according to the shape and size of the pressure structure to be repaired, reinforced, and/or reinforced, the shape of the jig being similar to a pressure structure requiring repair and/or reinforcement, but having a size larger than the structure , the clamp usually consists of 2-4 parts, and the clamp is provided with one or more filling holes and one or more venting holes;

(2) arranging the various parts of the clamp outside the structure that needs to be repaired, reinforced and/or reinforced;

(3) connecting the components of the clamp in a welded or bolted manner to make it a fixture;

(4) tightly connecting the end of the clamp to the pipe structure requiring repair and reinforcement by welding or sealing with a sealing material, or any combination thereof;

(5) injecting a curable polymer into a gap formed between the jig and the structure requiring repair and reinforcement by a perfusion hole reserved on the jig;

(6) Curing the poured polymer.

16. The method of claim 15 wherein said sealing material comprises rubber, silicone, curable resin, cement, reinforced or asbestos rope having good sealing properties, or any combination of at least two of these materials.

17. The method of claim 16 wherein said sealing material is an epoxy resin.

18. The method of claim 15 wherein said perfusion aperture and venting aperture are in a symmetrical or nearly symmetrical position.

19. The method of claim 15 wherein said clamp has a fill hole and a vent.

20. The method according to claim 15, wherein a filling nozzle and a discharge nozzle are respectively disposed on the pouring hole and the vent hole.

21. The method of claim 15 wherein there are one or more holes in the appropriate position of the clamp, by means of which the clamp is used to control the clamp and the structure to be repaired, reinforced and/or reinforced. The spacing between the two.

22. A method according to claim 21 wherein the spacing between the clamp and the structure requiring repair, reinforcement and/or reinforcement is 0.2-50 mm.

23. A method according to claim 22 wherein the spacing between the clamp and the structure requiring repair, reinforcement and/or reinforcement is between 1 and 10 mm.

24. A method according to claim 15 wherein one or more apertures are provided in the appropriate locations of the clamp as indicator apertures for observing the progress of resin infusion.

25. The method according to claim 15, wherein said curable polymer is selected from the group consisting of liquid rubber, liquid silicone rubber, cellulose derivative, acetonitrile polymer or copolymer thereof, saturated or unsaturated polyester, poly Acrylates, polyethers, polysulfones, aminoplasts, epoxies, phenolics, polyaromatics, furans and modifications thereof.

The method according to claim 25, wherein said curable polymer is an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, a polyurethane resin, a polyacid resin, a polyimide resin, an amino resin, an unsaturated polyester resin. Or a modification thereof.

27. A method according to claim 26 wherein said curable polymer is an epoxy resin or a modified epoxy resin.

28. The method according to claim 15, wherein the curable polymer has a modulus of elasticity greater than 0.1 GPa; and the compressive strength is greater than 10 MPa.

The method according to claim 28, wherein said curable polymer preferably has a modulus of elasticity greater than 1 GPa; and the compressive strength is preferably greater than 20 MPa.

30. The method of claim 29, wherein the curable polymer preferably has an elastic modulus greater than 2 GPa; and the compressive strength is preferably greater than 50 MPa.

31. The method of any of claims 1-3, wherein the locations requiring repair, reinforcement and/or reinforcement comprise defective pipes, tubulars and pressure vessels or pipes and fittings that require no reinforcement, and Pressure vessel; the defects include volumetric defects, planar defects, diffuse damage defects or geometric defects.

32. A method according to claim 31 wherein the volumetric and geometric defects can be first filled with a filling resin.

33. The method according to claim 32, wherein said filling resin is epoxy resin, phenol tunnel resin, polyurethane resin, polyether resin, polyimide resin, amino resin, unsaturated polyester Resins or mixtures of them with certain mechanically reinforcing particulate materials.

34. The method of claim 33 wherein said leveling resin is an epoxy resin or a mixture thereof with a mechanically reinforced particulate material.

35. The method of claim 31, wherein said conduit comprises a straight conduit and a profiled conduit, wherein the profiled conduit comprises a conduit structure having a fixed tubular support or stiffener; wherein said tubular member comprises a tee, an elbow , reducer joints, valves or flange joints.

The method according to any one of claims 1 to 35, further comprising, prior to the step of laying the fiber reinforced composite material, repairing a surface of a portion to be repaired, reinforced and/or reinforced.

37. The method of claim 36 wherein said repairing step comprises filling said surface with a leveling resin and repairing said surface to a flattening.

38. Use of a repair structure reinforcement and/or reinforcement technique of a pressure structural fiber reinforced composite material according to any of claims 1-37 in combination with a clamp filler in the repair and reinforcement of a pipeline.