WO2008082100A1

WO2008082100A1 - A dot sighting device for large caliber

Info

Publication number: WO2008082100A1
Application number: PCT/KR2007/006527
Authority: WO
Inventors: In Jung; Dong Hee Lee
Original assignee: In Jung; Dong Hee Lee
Priority date: 2006-12-28
Filing date: 2007-12-14
Publication date: 2008-07-10
Also published as: KR20080061664A; KR100934778B1

Abstract

A dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm detachably assembled with an upper end of an engine part of a machine gun, which can minimize a parallax so as to allow a user to rapidly and precisely sight a target. Also, the dot sighting device includes a structure where an impact absorbing member layer is inserted into the interior of a reflector so as to prevent the reflector from being damaged by impact, and it allows the user to rapidly and precisely shoot a target while considering a characteristic and a kind of a target, and a distance from the target.

Description

[DESCRIPTION]

[Invention Title]

A DOT SIGHTING DEVICE FOR LARGE CALIBER

[Technical Field]

The present invention relates to a sighting device assembled with a gun so as to be used for aiming, and more particularly relates to a dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm.

[Background Art]

A characteristic of a rifle is determined by how rapidly a user can sight and shoot the rifle (rapidity) and how precisely the shot hits a target (precision). These directly relate to the sighting of the rifle. In general, sighting of a rifle is performed by alignment of cross hairs between a rear sight and a front sight. The sight achieved by alignment of cross hairs between a front sight positioned at an end of the barrel of a rifle and a rear sight positioned at an upper part of a main body of the rifle allows a user to precisely shoot the rifle according to the user ability. However, even small vibrations or shivers make it difficult to align cross hairs, and such a sight achieved by alignment of cross hairs is difficult in a rapid sight requested in an urgent situation or at a short distance.

Particularly, in such a scheme for sight shooting, complicated processes, such as capturing and identifying a target, alignment of cross hairs, sighting, etc., and much time are required. Because a front sight and a rear sight are very small, they are susceptibly influenced by even small vibrations when lining up the front and rear sight. Furthermore, the user concentrates on the alignment of cross hairs so that the user's eye is more focused on the front sight and the rear sight than on a target or the surroundings. Therefore, a range of user's vision becomes narrower.

An optical sighting device is suggested so as to solve difficulty in alignment of cross hairs, and to further increase precision. However, a telephoto-lens is used in the optical sighting device, so that if magnification increases, the telephoto-lens also reacts against even small vibrations so that it is impossible to quickly sight.

In order to solve such a problem, a dot sighting device is suggested, which adopts a non-magnification (low magnification) lens in an optical sighting device, and simply uses a sighting dot without complicated alignment of cross hairs.

An optical dot sighting device can allow a user to simply and rapidly sight, and is very useful in an urgent situation with which the user has to rapidly aim or in a long distance. Particularly, little time is required for aligning ρf cross hairs, sighting is performed by rapidly moving along an optical point toward target, and a range of vision can be further effectively secured. Therefore, time taken to sight as well as a degree in interrupting a range of ambient view and identification of a surrounding situation are minimized.

As shown in FIG. 1, such an optical dot sighting device includes an adjusting terminal 7 for arranging an inner lens barrel, which is positioned at an upper part of a sighting housing 2 having a cylindrical shaped structure, a fixing grill 26, which is detachably assembled with an upper end of a rear sight part of a rifle in a rail way, disposed at a lower part of the sighting housing 2, a protecting window 10 positioned at a front part of the sighting housing 2, a lighting-emitting diode (LED)8 generating an optical source disposed at a predetermined position of an interior upper end of the sighting housing 2, and a reflector 9 having a specific tortuosity, which is positioned at the interior of the housing 2, i.e. a rear position of the protecting window 10.

In general, the reflector 9 allows an observer's (a user's) eye to penetrate to an upper end of the dot sighting device 1, is coated so as to reflect an optical point of the LED emitting light of about 650nm, and has front and rear surfaces which are spherical surfaces having the same a curvature radius.

The reflector 9 allows the observer's (the user's) eye to penetrate to an upper end of the dot sighting device 1, reflects the optical point of the LED 8 emitting light of about 650nm to the rear end thereof. The observer (the user) shoots when the optical point of the LED corresponds to a target. Therefore, the observer can easily aim at the target.

According to a more theoretical review, it is intended that rays generated by a dot optical source of the LED 8 positioned at the interior of the optical dot sighting device 1 are reflected by the reflector 9 and then enter the eyes of the observer in parallel to each other. At this time, the parallelism intended to make the direction of the parallel incident rays correspond to a bullet shooting axis of a barrel of the rifle. However, if the direction of the parallel incident rays, which is cased by parallelism of the dot sighting device 1, does not correspond to a bullet shooting axis of the barrel of the rifle, the observer can not hit the target even if a dot of a beam emitted from the LED 8 corresponds to the target. Therefore, so as to allow the direction of the parallel incident rays, which is caused by parallelism of the dot sighting device 1, to correspond to the bullet shooting axis of the barrel of the rifle, a terminal 7 for arranging a lens barrel, which performs a vertical function and a horizontal function, is included in the dot sighting device so that an optical axis of the inner lens barrel corresponds to the bullet shooting axis of the barrel of the rifle.

However, the front surface of the reflector 9 (in an inner direction of the housing) is coated so as to reflect the optical point of the LED, and the front and rear surfaces are spherical surfaces having the same curvature radius. Therefore, there is a problem in that light emitted from the LED 8 is reflected to the reflector 9 so that the light is not exactly reflected parallel to the barrel of the rifle. Such a problem refers to "a parallax is generated. This generation of parallax decreases a hit probability respective to the target.

FIG. 3 illustrates a parallax between rays reflecting from a spherical reflecting surface, in which the rays are not parallel with each other.

Meanwhile, at present, a dot sighting device for a large caliber of a heavy machinegun has not been developed yet. This is because the size of a reflector has to be much larger than the size of a reflector for a typical rifle so as to allow the observer to chase a front target while observing the reflector with both eyes, and because such a reflector is easily damaged by external impact. Therefore, because of these reasons, the dot sighting device has not been developed until now.

Also, at this time, if the size of the reflector is larger, there is a problem in that because of the generation of a parallax of the reflector due to the increase of aberration of the periphery of the reflector, correspondence between the direction of the parallel incident rays, which is caused by parallelism of the dot sighting device 1, and the bullet shooting axis of the barrel of the rifle disappears. Therefore, such generation of a parallax causes a hit probability respective to a target to decrease.

Meanwhile, the target of a heavy machinegun may be enemies at a short/middle distance, a stopped vehicle or tank (a stopped target), a moving vehicle or tank (a moving target), an anti-aircraft target (a helicopter or a fighter plane), etc. Then, these targets have their own different progressing velocity, distance, size, etc., so that it is necessary that size, shape, location of a dot for each target, etc., which are shown in a reflector, are different according to each target.

Also, so as to consider change of a shooting position according to a distance, parallelism intending to make correspondence between an optical axis of a main body of the dot sighting device and a shooting axis of a barrel of a rifle are mechanically adjusted. However, such a mechanical adjustment has a serious problem in that the dot sighting device cannot rapidly cope with a change of distance, so that the user misses a target or can not effectively hit the target according to each situation. [Disclosure] [Technical Problem]

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems.

If it is possible to correct an optical dot sighting device which allows a user to rapidly sight so as to increase a hit probability, it must be true that efficiency of the dot sighting device remarkably increases.

The present invention provides a dot sighting device, which resolves a conventional parallax problem so as to allow a user to rapidly sight a target, and also to have a doubly effective hit rate in shooting. [Technical Solution]

In accordance with an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm, which includes a sighting housing assembled with an engine part of a heavy machinegun, including: an LED which is the sighting housing of the dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm; a reflector reflecting an optical source generated in the LED; and an impact absorbing member layer inserted into an interior of the reflector so as to prevent the reflector from being damaged by impact .

Also, the impact absorbing member layer preferably includes a silicon 1ayer .

Also, it is preferable that the reflector 100 is a doublet so that a first surface 101 and a third surface 103 of the reflector 100 are spherical surfaces and a second surface 102 is an LED reflecting surface, each curvature radius of the first surface 101 and the third surface 103 being satisfied with equation (1) defined by

Also, it is preferable that the second surface 102 is a non-spherical surface including a conic coefficient.

Also, it is preferable that the dot sighting device further includes a retical adjusting opening for sighting a target, wherein a classifying sign according to a characteristic of a target is formed at the retical adjusting opening, and the retical adjusting opening is rotated so as to allow a user to select the classified sign.

Also, it is preferable that the classifying sign according to a characteristic of a target is one selected among φ a sign for a stopped target such as a stopped vehicle and a stopped tank, (D a sign for a moving target such as a moving vehicle and a moving tank, © a sign for a target such as a helicopter, © a sign for a target such an anti-aircraft fighter, (ED a sign for a target such as a human and animals at a long distance, and (D a sign for a target for a human and animals at a short distance.

Also, it is preferable that the dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm further includes a retical adjusting opening for sighting a target, wherein the retical adjusting opening is rotated so as to adjust a shooting point .

Also, an bullet trajectory correcting opening 300 installed at a lower side of the dot sighting device for a larger caliber is preferably rotated so as to adjust height of a dot sight as much as a predetermined distance.

[Advantageous Effects]

As described above, a reflector of a dot sighting device for a larger caliber fire arm according to the present invention has a reflector, which is a doublet, and adjusts the condition of each curvature radius of the first and third surfaces to be the condition as shown in equation 1, thereby minimizing a parallax and removing generation of magnification respective to an outer target.

Also, the reflector of the sighting device can be prevented from being damaged by impact. Also, the dot sighing device allows a user to rapidly, effectively, and precisely sight and shoot a target while considering a characteristic and a distance of a target. [Description of Drawings]

The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic and sectional view illustrating an inner structure of a typical dot sighting device!

FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a dot sighting device assembled with a rifle, in which the dot sighting device is used in a sighting shot;

FIG. 3 a sectional view illustrating generation of a parallax between reflecting rays reflecting from a conventional reflecting spherical surface;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a reflector according a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of a reflector according another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a sectional view illustrating an inner structure of a reflector according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIGs. 7A to 7D are views illustrating a dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a view illustrating a dot sighting device for a larger caliber firearm according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIGs. 9 and 10 are perspective views illustrating a modified embodiment of the fourth embodiment of the present invention; and

FIG. 11 is a perspective view of an inner structure of a retical housing according to the present invention.

In addition, the accompanying drawings are illustrated as references to help a thorough understanding of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not to be limited by these drawings. [Best Mode]

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the embodiments of the present invention, a detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may obscure the subject matter of the present invention.

1^~ Embodiment

FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment according to the present invention. In the present embodiment, a distance between an LED and a reflecting surface is set to be 200mm, and a central thickness is set to be 4.0mm.

A dot ray from an LED is reflected from a surface R2 which is a second surface 102 of a reflecting surface 100 so as to extend. At this time, the ray from the LED passes through a surface R₁, which is a first surface 101, is reflected from the surface R2, which is the second surface 102, and then again passes through the surface Ri, which is the first surface 101, so as to enter the eye of an observer. Particularly, the ray from the LED passes through a variable Ri two times and a variable R2 one time so that much freedom is given in designing. Because of this, a parallax can be further minimized. At this time, when an image of the outer target is formed on the eye of the observer, an afocal system is implemented so as to reduce generation of magnification. Such a structure is applied to each curvature radius of the first surface 101 and the third surface 103 by using equation 1 below. A distance (a central thickness) between centers of the first surface 101 and the third surface 103 of the doublet is d, a curvature radius of the first surface is Ri, a curvature radius of the third surface 193 is R3, and a refractivity of material is n, as defined by equation (1) below.

In equation (1), Di refers to refractive power of the first surface 101, and D₂ refers to refractive power of the third surface 103.

According to the present embodiment, there is an effect of a parallax being improved by more than 80%.

Also, as shown in FIG. 5, when the second surface 102 is a non- spherical surface including a conic coefficient, a parallax is further minimized, and at this time, a parallax is improved by more than 90% in comparison with the embodiment in FIG.4.

The three kinds of graphs below show a respective aberration rate of a tangential ray in a case of a conventional mono-reflecting surface, in a case of a doublet reflecting surface (a reflecting surface between two lenses is a spherical surface), and in a case of a doublet reflecting surface which adopts a conic non-spherical surface as a reflecting surface between two lens. Each angle obtained by slanting lens is -2.0 degrees. Graph 1

Graph 2

Graph 3

Among these graphs, the first graph shows a spherical aberration. If the spherical aberration corresponds to an axial X, a state where parallax does not exist is obtained.

The maximum aberration value is 0.02mm in a case of a conventional mono-reflecting surface, the maximum aberration value is 0.004mm in a case where a middle surface of a doublet is adopted as a spherical reflecting surface, and the maximum aberration value is 0.0004mm in a case where a conic non-spherical surface is adopted as the middle surface of the doublet. Therefore, in an assumption that a space of 50% from a center of the entire area is available space, the case of the middle surface of the doublet employed as a spherical reflecting surface shows an improvement of at least 80% in comparison with the case of the conventional reflecting surface (in a comparison between integral values of the spherical aberration amount (y- axis) with respect to X-axis corresponding to an available space in which the LED ravs are reflected). Also, the case of the middle surface of the doublet employed as a conic non-spherical reflecting surface shows an improvement of at least 90% in comparison with the case of the middle surface of the doublet employed as a spherical reflecting surface.

[Mode for Invention] ad 2 Embodiment

A reflector 100 of a dot sighting device of a larger caliber firearm is much larger than that of a rifle. Therefore, the reflector can be easily damaged by impact. The present embodiment has a structure provided to cope with this problem.

FIG. 6 illustrates embodiments in two cases. As shown in FIG. 6, an impact absorbing member 104, preferably a silicon layer is inserted into the interior of the reflector 100. The silicon layer absorbs outer impact exerted on the reflector so as to prevent damage to the reflector 100 and protect an incident surface of an optical source of a LED, i.e. a reflecting surface R₁ which is a first surface 101 and a reflecting surface R₂ which is a second surface 102. rd

3 Embodiment

A target of a heavy machinegun can be variously set to be a stopped vehicle or tank, a moving vehicle or tank, an anti-aircraft target (a helicopter and a fighter plane), a human, etc. However, since each of these targets has a different progressing velocity, a distance, and a size, so as to increase a hit rate of a target, a sighting device has to reflect these characteristics of each target.

The present embodiment is shown in FIGs. 7A to 7D, and the above described characteristics of a target are predetermined and considered. FIG. 7A illustrates a concept of the dot sighting device according to the embodiment, and FIG. 7C is a magnified view illustrating of a retical housing part 200, in which a principle thereof will be shown in more detail (the present drawings are illustrated to help understanding and convenience so that they are little exaggerative). The retical housing part 200 includes a retical plate 206 having an LED 209 generating an optical source, classifying signs, and a retical adjusting opening 215. An optical source irradiated from the LED 209 passes through the retical plate 206, and is irradiated to the reflector 100 so as to be reflected. The numeric references 206 (a) and 206 (d) in FIG. 7C refer to each retical which has been classified and signed, and the numeric reference 214 refers to a rotational shaft about which each retical rotates. As shown in FIG. 7B, the dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm 150 includes the retical housing 200 for sighting a target. The inner structure of the retical housing 200 is shown in FIG. 11. The retical housing 200 is externally structured integrally with the retical adjusting opening 215. Therefore, in view of an observer who adjusts the retical so as to sight a target, the user actually sights a target by using the retical adjusting opening 215. Classifying signs according to the characteristics of targets are formed on the retical adjusting opening, and the classifying signs are selected by rotating the retical adjusting opening. In more detail, the classifying signs according to the characteristics of targets are formed on the interior of the retical plate 206, and the user rotates the retical adjusting opening 215 so as to select one of the classifying signs. The numeral reference 151 refers to a fixing bolt for fixing the housing of the sighting device to a gun, the numeral reference 152 refers to a battery case, and the numeral reference 153 refers to a switch for adjusting the brightness of the LED.

As shown in FIG. 7D, the retical plate 206 having the classifying signs according to characteristics of targets includes φ a sign for a stopped target such a stopped vehicle or a stopped tank 206c, © a sign for a moving target such as a moving vehicle or a moving tank 206d, (3) a sign for a target such as a helicopter 206e, ® a sign for a target such as an anti^¬ aircraft fighter 206f, © a sign for a target such a human and animals at a long distance 206a, and © a sign for a target such a human and animals at a short distance 206b. In a case where the observer sights and shoots a stopped target, such as a stopped vehicle and a stopped tank, the observer adjusts a retical for a stopped target such as a stopped vehicle and a stopped tank while rotating the retical adjusting opening and then shoots at a target. In a case where the observer sights and shoots a moving target, such as a moving vehicle or tank, the observer adjusts a corresponding retical while rotating the retical adjusting opening so as to allow the sign for a moving target such as a moving vehicle and a moving tank to correspond to a target, and then shoots. In a case of (2), the width of a trajectory of a bullet flying toward the target is larger in comparison with φ. The numeric reference 220 refers to a rotation reference line of the retical.

4 Embodiment

The present embodiment is suggested so as to adjust a ballistic curve (change of a shooting position according to each distance). FIG. 8 illustrates this embodiment. A distance between targets and gravity influencing a fired bullet are considered. When the observer sights an object located at a long distance as a target and fires a bullet, the bullet is further influenced by gravity in comparison with a bullet fired toward an object located at a short distance, so that a curvature radius of a ballistic curve of the bullet is larger. So as to correct this, an object located at a long distance has to be sighted in a much higher level in comparison with an abject located at a short distance. In order to achieve this, in the dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm, a shooting position has to be adjusted by rotating the retical adjusting opening for sighting a target. Reflection reticals 206(g)~206(l), which have different distances from the rotational shaft, respectively, are arranged while having a circular shape so that a shooting position is adjusted by rotating the retical plate 206.

FIGs. 9 and 10 illustrate another modified embodiment of the present invention. According to this embodiment, a bullet trajectory correcting opening 300 installed at a lower side of the dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm is rotated so as to adjust the height of the dot sight as much as a predetermined distance. FIG. 9 is a partially exploded perspective view illustrating the bullet trajectory correcting opening 300 installed at the lower side of the dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm 150, and FIG. 1OA illustrates a section of a dot sighting device at which a crank shaft installed. The numeric reference 310 refers to an up/down adjusting bolt which is assembled with the bullet trajectory correcting opening. The bullet trajectory correcting opening has a_concentric axis and various radiuses from the concentric axis, and is supported by a compression spring disposed on a dot sight base. As shown in FIGs. 1OB to 1OD, while the o

bullet trajectory correcting opening 300 is rotated, the dot sight base itself is located at its top position at the maximum radius of the bullet trajectory correcting opening 300 (see FIGs.1OB (1) and 10C), and it is located at its bottom position at the minimum radius of the bullet trajectory correcting opening 300 (see FIGs.1OB (2) and 10D). Through this, the height of the dot sight is adjusted so that a target distance between the object and the sighting device can be considered.

Meanwhile, FIG. 11 is a perspective view illustrating an inner structure of the retical housing part 200 according to the present invention. A post 201 is inserted into the retical housing 202 and is fixed by a post fixing nut 203. A retical frame 205 is heated so as to be expanded and then a retical frame bearing 204 is pressed into the retical frame 205. The retical plate 206 is mounted on the interior of the retical frame 205. The post 201 is inserted into the assembled retical frame bearing 204, the retical frame 205, and the retical plate 206 so as to be fixed by a frame fixing nut 207. An LED 209 is inserted into an LED housing 208, and the LED housing 208 is inserted into the post 209 so as to be fixed by an LED housing fixing nut 210. A retical rotating frame 211 is assembled with the LED housing fixing nut, and is then fixed by a rotating frame fixing nut 212. The rotating frame fixing nut 212 is fixed by two nuts so as to prevent the retical rotating frame 211 from releasing. A retical housing cap 213 is fixed by three vises at a rear side of the retical rotating frame. Each of the three vises fixed at a circumferential side of the retical housing cap 213 is locked into each groove of the retical housing 202 so as to prevent escape of the retical housing cap 213. A drawing positioned in an upper part of the left side of FIG. 11 illustrates a section of a structure where each of the three vises, which are fixed in the retical frame 205 and the retical rotating frame 211, are locked into each groove of the retical housing 202 so as to keep each position. A drawing positioned in a lower part of the right side of FIG. 11 illustrates each assembling relation between components in more detail . In addition, the above described embodiments may not reduce or limit the scope of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims. [Industrial Applicability]

The present invention has a doublet as a reflector of a dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm and also has first and third surfaces having each curvature radius formed according to each condition adjusted through equation 1 so that a parallax can be minimized and generation of magnification respective to an outer object can be removed.

Also, the reflector of the sighting device can be prevented from being damaged by impact .

Also, there is an advantage in that an observer can effectively, rapidly, and precisely sight and shoot a target while considering a characteristic of the target and a distance therefrom.

Claims

[CLAIMS] [Claim 1]

A dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm, which includes a sighting housing assembled with an engine part of a heavy machinegun, comprising: an LED which is the sighting housing of the dot sighting device for a large caliber; a reflector reflecting an optical source generated in the LED; and an impact absorbing member layer inserted into an interior of the reflector so as to prevent the reflector from being damaged by impact.

[Claim 2]

The dot sighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the impact absorbing member layer may include a silicon layer.

[Claim 3]

The dot sighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reflector 100 is a doublet so that a first surface 101 and a third surface 103 of the reflector 100 are spherical surfaces and a second surface 102 is an LED reflecting surface, each curvature radius of the first surface 101 and the third surface 103 is satisfied with equation (1) being defined by

^¹ R₁ ^{■ D}> R₃

wherein a distance (a central thickness) between centers of the first surface 101 and the third surface 103 of the doublet is d, a curvature radius of the first surface 101 is R₁, a radius curvature of the third surface 103 is

R₃, and a refractivity of material is n, and wherein D₁ refers to a refractive power of the first surface 101 and, D2 refers to a refractive power of the third surface 103. o

[Claim 4]

The dot sighting device for a large caliber firearm as claimed in claim 3, wherein the second surface 102 is a non-spherical surface including a conic coefficient.

[Claim 5]

The dot sighting device as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a retical adjusting opening for sighting a target, wherein at least one classifying sign according to a characteristic of a target is formed at the retical adjusting opening, and the retical adjusting opening is rotated so as to allow a user to select a classified sign.

[Claim 6]

The dot sighting device as claimed in claim 5, wherein the classifying sign according to a characteristic of a target is one selected among φ a sign for a stopped target such as a stopped vehicle and a stopped tank, (2) a sign for a moving target such as a moving vehicle and a moving tank, (3) a sign for a target such as an anti-air helicopter, © a sign for a target such as an anti-aircraft fighter, © a sign for a target such as a human and animals at long distance, and © a sign for a target for a human and animals at a short distance.

[Claim 7]

The dot sighting device claimed in claim 1, further comprising a retical adjusting opening for sighting a target, wherein the retical adjusting opening is rotated so as to adjust a shooting point.

[Claim 8]

The dot sighting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a bullet trajectory correcting opening 300 installed at a lower side of the dot sighting device for a larger caliber firearm is rotated so as to adjust height of a dot sight as much as a predetermined distance.