KR100921309B1 - A dot sighting device for large caliber - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a large-diameter dot sight collimator, which is detachable from the upper end of the machine part of the machine gun. The present invention enables quick and accurate aiming by minimizing parallax.

In addition, the present invention provides a configuration in which a shock absorbing member layer is inserted into the reflector to prevent the reflector from being damaged by an impact, and strikes the target quickly and accurately in consideration of the type, characteristic, and distance to the target. The technique regarding the large diameter dot sight collimation which can be performed is disclosed in detail.

Dot Sight, Aiming, Shooting, Machine Gun, Parallax, Spherical, Reflective Surface, LED, Curvature Radius, Aspheric, Conic Factor, Reticle, Ballistic Curve

Description

A DOT SIGHTING DEVICE FOR LARGE CALIBER}

The present invention relates to an aiming scope attached to a gun, and more particularly to a large-diameter dot sight scope.

The characteristics of the rifle depend on whether it can be aimed quickly (quickly) and whether it is aimed exactly at the target (accuracy), which is directly related to the aim of the rifle. In general, aiming the rifle is achieved by aligning the line of sight with the scale. Aiming by alignment of the sight line at the end of the barrel and the scale located at the top of the main body of the gun enables accurate shooting according to the user's ability to use the firearm. However, even small vibrations and tremors make it difficult to align the line of sight, and there is a disadvantage in the rapid aiming required in close or urgent situations. In other words, the aiming and shooting method requires complicated processes and time for capturing and confirming the target, aligning the aiming line, and aiming, and the scale and scale itself are so small that they are not only sensitive to small tremors in precise alignment, but also excessively sensitive. If you pay attention to the alignment of the line of sight, the line of sight is focused on the scale and the scale itself rather than the target or the situation ahead.

Optical aimers have been proposed to improve accuracy while solving the hassle of line alignment. However, since the optical collimator uses a telephoto lens, when the magnification is increased, it is similarly sensitive to small vibrations, so rapid aiming is impossible.

In order to solve the above problems, a dot sight device has been proposed that employs a non-magnification (low magnification) lens in an optical sight and simply uses only the aiming point while eliminating a complicated aiming line.

The optical dot sight aimer is characterized by its simple and fast aiming, which is very useful in imminent situations or short distances requiring quick response. In other words, the time required to align the aiming line is little, and the aiming itself needs to move the light spot to the target quickly, and the field of view is secured very effectively. This has the advantage of minimizing the obstruction of verification.

As shown in FIG. 1, the optical dot sight has an inner barrel aligning control terminal 7 positioned on an upper portion of the sighting housing 2 having a cylindrical structure, and a detachable connection on the upper portion of the rifle scale bundle in a rail manner. The fixed grill 26 is configured, and the protective window 10 at the front end of the housing, the upper portion of the inner barrel of the housing 2, the light emitting device LED 8 to make a light source and a specific bending rate and the inside of the housing 2 It comprises a reflector 9 located behind the protective window 10 of.

In general, the reflector 9 is coated such that the eyes of the observer (user) are projected toward the tip of the dot-site device 1 and reflect the LED light spot having a light beam of about 650 nm, and its front and rear radius of curvature is the same as spherical surface. Has curvature.

The reflector 9 sees the observer (user) 's line of sight at the tip of the dot-site device 1 and reflects the light spot of the LED 8 having a light beam of about 650 nm to the rear end. The observer (user) can facilitate aiming by shooting when the light spot of the LED matches the target.

Looking more theoretically, the point light source made from the LED 8 located inside the optical dot site apparatus 1 is intended to be reflected by the reflector 9 and incident in parallel to the observer's eye, the parallelism being the barrel It is intended to coincide with the bullet's firing axis. However, the parallelism of the dot sight device 1 is not matched with the bullet firing axis of the barrel of the dot sight device 1 because the observer does not hit even if the dot of the LED 8 beam matches the shooting target point. In order to coincide with the bullet firing axis of the barrel, an inner barrel alignment terminal 7 having vertical and horizontal functions is provided so that the optical axis of the inner soil is aligned with the bullet firing axis of the barrel.

However, in general, the front surface of the reflector 9 (inside the housing) is coated to reflect the LED light point, and the front and rear curvature radius have the same curvature in the spherical surface, so that the light emitted from the LED 9 is reflected by 9) there is a problem that is not reflected parallel to the barrel accurately. This problem is expressed as 'parallax occurs.' The occurrence of this parallax reduces the accuracy of the target point.

FIG. 3 illustrates parallaxes in which reflected light beams on a spherical surface reflecting surface are not parallel to each other.

On the other hand, the dot sight sight of the large-diameter large diameter gun is not currently developed. This is because the size of the reflector must be considerably larger than that of a general rifle, in order to track the target in front of the reflector by looking into both eyes, which is easily damaged by external shocks. will be.

In addition, when the size of the reflector increases, a problem arises in that the parallelism of the dot sight device and the coincidence of the bullet firing axis of the barrel are lost due to the parallax of the reflector itself due to the increase of aberration around the reflector, and the occurrence of the parallax hits the target point. It results in a drop.

On the other hand, the target of the heavy machine gun may be near / far enemy forces, stationary vehicles and tanks (stop targets), moving vehicles and tanks (mobile targets), anti-air targets (helicopters, fighters) and the like. However, since each of them has different speeds, distances, and sizes, it is necessary to vary the size, shape, and position of dots appearing in the reflector.

In the related art, in order to reflect a change in impact point for each distance, the parallelism between the optical axis of the dot site main body and the firing axis of the barrel was mechanically adjusted. However, the mechanical adjustment has a fatal problem that can not respond quickly to the distance change, exposed a problem that can not miss the target or hit effectively depending on the situation.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems.

If the optical dot sight device, which is characterized by rapid aiming, can be corrected to increase accuracy, the efficiency of the dot sight device must be greatly doubled.

Disclosure of the Invention An object of the present invention is to provide a dot sight aiming device which can not only aim rapidly but also double the effective hit ratio of shooting by solving the conventional parallax problem.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention, in the large-diameter dot sight scope, the scope housing is mounted on the engine part of the heavy machine gun, the scope housing includes a reflector reflecting the LED and the light source generated in the LED, In order to prevent the reflector from being damaged by inserting a shock absorbing member layer with a protective window inside or on one side of the reflector, and configuring the reflector as a doublet, the first and third surfaces of the reflector form a spherical surface. , The first surface is the incident surface, the second surface is the LED reflecting surface, the radius of curvature of the first surface and the third surface,

{The distance (center thickness) between the center of the first and third surfaces of the doublet is d, the radius of curvature of the first surface is R ₁ , the radius of curvature of the third surface is R ₃ , and the refractive index of the material is n Where D ₁ represents the refractive power of the first surface and D ₂ represents the refractive power of the third surface}

Characterized in that configured to satisfy.

In addition, the shock absorbing member layer is preferably made of a silicon layer.

In addition, it is preferable that the second surface of the reflecting mirror is an aspherical surface containing a conic coefficient.

Further, in a preferred embodiment, the large-diameter dot sight collimator of the present invention includes a reticle adjustment target for aiming a target, and comprises a plurality of projection reticles according to the characteristics of the target in the control of the reticle, the reticle control It is preferable to rotate the to select the projection reticle corresponding to the target.

In addition, each of the projection reticles includes ① projection reticles for stationary vehicles and tanks, ② projection reticles for moving vehicles and tanks, ③ projection reticles for anti-aircraft helicopters, ④ projection reticles for anti-aircraft fighters, and ⑤ long-range projection reticles. , ⑥ It should be composed of near projection reticle.

In another preferred embodiment, the large-diameter dot sight collimator includes a reticle adjusting tool aiming a target, and adjusts the impact point while rotating the adjusting tool of the reticle.

In still another preferred embodiment, it is preferable to adjust the height of the dot site by a predetermined distance by rotating the ballistic compensator provided below the large diameter dot sight collimator.

As described above, in the present invention, the reflector of the large-diameter dot sight collimator is set to Doublet, and the parallax is minimized by matching the conditions of the curvature radius of the first and third surfaces as shown in Equation (1). This has the advantage of eliminating magnification.

In addition, it is possible to prevent the reflector of the aiming mirror from being damaged by the impact.

In addition, in consideration of the characteristics and distance of the target has the advantage that can quickly and accurately aim and shoot the target efficiently.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the present invention, when it is determined that the subject matter of the present invention may be unnecessarily obscured by those skilled in the art such as related well-known functions or known configurations, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

<First Example>

4 shows an embodiment according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the distance between the LED and the reflecting surface is set to 200 mm and the center thickness is set to 4.0 mm.

The LED dot is reflected from the R ₂ plane, which is the second surface 102 of the reflective surface 100, and passes through the R ₁ plane, which is the first surface 101, and enters the R ₂ plane, which is the _second surface 102. After reflection, the light is incident again to the observer's eye through the R ₁ surface, which is the first surface 101. In other words, it passes through the variable R ₁ plane twice and once through the variable R _2, giving more freedom in design. This makes it possible to further minimize the parallax.

At this time, it is configured to be an afocal system to reduce the magnification when the external target point is formed in the observer's eye. This configuration is applied to the radius of curvature of the first surface 101 and the third surface 103 using Equation 1 below.

The distance (center thickness) between the center of the first surface 101 and the third surface 103 of the doublet is d, the radius of curvature of the first surface is R ₁ , and the radius of curvature of the third surface 103 is R ₃ . , When the refractive index of the material is n, the following equation was established.

At this time, D ₁ means the refractive power of the first surface 101, D ₂ means the refractive power of the third surface (103).

Through this embodiment, the parallax had an improvement effect of 80% or more as a percentage.

In addition, when the second surface 102 is an aspherical surface containing a conic coefficient as shown in FIG. 5, the parallax is further minimized, and the parallax is improved by 90% or more than the embodiment of FIG. 4.

The three graphs below show the meridian when the conventional single reflecting surface is a doublet reflecting surface (the reflecting surface between the two lenses is spherical), and the conic aspheric surface is used as the reflecting surface between the two lenses while the doublet reflecting surface. (Tangential ray) Shows the aberration diagram. Each lens tilt angle is -2.0 degrees.

* Graph 1

* Graph 2

* Graph 3

The first of the above graphs represents the spherical aberration, and when it coincides with the x axis, there is no parallax. The maximum aberration value of the conventional single reflecting surface is 0.02mm, and the maximum aberration value is 0.004mm when the middle surface of Doublet is adopted as the spherical reflection surface, and the maximum when the middle surface of Doublet is adopted as the conic aspheric reflection surface. The aberration value is 0.0004 mm. Therefore, if we consider 50% space in the center of the whole area as the effective space, the improvement effect of at least 80% or more in the comparison between the conventional single reflection surface and the case of adopting the spherical surface as the reflecting surface of the doublet is shown. y-axis) in the x-axis (in comparison of the integral value of the effective space reflected by the LED light beam), where the middle surface of the Doublet is adopted as the reflecting surface and the middle surface of the Doublet is the conic aspheric reflecting surface. Compared to the case of adoption, it is calculated that there is at least 90% improvement.

<2nd Example>

The reflector 100 of the large diameter dot sight collimator is much larger than the rifle. Therefore, it is very likely to be damaged by the impact, this embodiment is a configuration for this purpose.

6 shows an embodiment in two cases. As shown in FIG. 6, a member 104 capable of absorbing shock, preferably a silicon layer, is inserted into or on one side of the reflector 100. The silicon layer absorbs an external impact applied to the reflector to prevent damage to the reflector 100 and prevents the incident surface of the LED light source, that is, the first surface 101 of R ₁ and the reflective surface, that is, the second surface 102. To protect R ₂ .

Third Embodiment

Targets of heavy machine guns can be set to a variety of stationary vehicles and tanks, moving vehicles and tanks, anti-aircraft targets (helicopters, fighters), people. However, since these targets have different speeds, distances, and sizes, the sight should reflect these characteristics of each target in order to increase the accuracy of the targets.

This embodiment is shown in Figures 7 (a) to 7 (d), and sets and reflects the characteristics of the target as described above. FIG. 7 (a) shows the concept of the dot sight collimator of the present embodiment, and FIG. 7 (c) shows the principle of the reticle housing 200 in an enlarged manner and illustrates the principle in more detail. Somewhat exaggerated). The reticle housing 200 has a LED 209 for generating a light source, a reticle plate 206 having projection dots reticles 206 (a) to 206 (f) for generating a light source, and a reticle control opening ( 215 is configured. The light source irradiated from the LED 209 passes through the reticle plate 206 and is irradiated to the reflector 100 and reflected. When the shooter forms the retina on the retina, the reticle image of one of the projection reticles 206 (a) to 206 (f) of the reticle plate 206 is overlaid with the target viewed through the reflector 100. Will be able to shoot accurately. Reference numerals 206 (a) and 206 (d) in FIG. 7C denote arbitrary projection reticles, and 214 denotes a rotation axis when the reticle plate 206 is rotated. As shown in FIG. 7B, the large-diameter dot sight collimator 150 includes a reticle housing 200 for selecting a corresponding reticle according to a target. An internal configuration of the reticle housing 200 is shown in FIG. Since the reticle housing 200 is externally configured integrally with the reticle adjusting opening 215, the reticle is actually adjusted in view of the user who adjusts the reticle to match the dot image of various projection reticles to a target. The sphere 215 can be used to select the projection reticle corresponding to the target. The reticle control unit is configured with a reticle plate 206 configured with various projection reticles according to the characteristics of the target, and rotates the control unit to select the projection reticle. In more detail, various projection reticles according to the characteristics of the target are configured on the internal reticle plate 206, and the reticle adjustment holes 215 are rotated to select the reticle to be projected and reflected on the reflector 100 by the light source. It is. Reference numeral 151 denotes a fixing bolt for fixing the scope housing to the firearm, reference numeral 152 denotes a battery case, and reference numeral 153 denotes an LED brightness control switch.

As shown in Figure 7 (d), the projection reticles of the reticle plate 206 according to the type and characteristics of the target, ① the stationary vehicle and tank projection reticle (206 (c)), ② the moving vehicle and the tank Projection reticle (206 (d)), ③ aerial helicopter projection reticle (206 (e)), ④ projection reticle (206 (f)) for anti-aircraft fighter, ⑤ long-range projection reticle (206 (a)), ⑥ It consists of a near-projection reticle 206 (b) for horses, and the effective shooting range is formed differently, and when aiming and shooting a stationary vehicle and a stationary target for a tank, by rotating the reticle control unit ① stationary vehicle and A dot image of the stationary vehicle and the projection projection reticle for the vehicle, which has been matched with the vehicle projection reticle and then projected and reflected on the reflecting mirror 100 by the projection light source 209, is fired by superimposing the target. In case of aiming and shooting the current moving targets for vehicles and tanks, turn the reticle control knob ② to adjust the moving vehicle and tank projection reticle, and then project the ② reflecting vehicle 100 to the moving vehicle and tank projection Shoot with the dot on the reticle superimposed on the target. In the case of ②, the trajectory of the bullet heading toward the target is larger (effective range) than ①. Reference numeral 220 denotes a rotation reference line of the projection reticles.

Fourth Example

This embodiment is an embodiment for adjusting the ballistic curve (change of impact point by distance). 8 shows this embodiment. Consider the distance between the targets and the gravity on the bullets fired. When a bullet is fired at a distant target, the bullet is more affected by gravity than a nearby target, and thus the radius of curvature of the ballistic curve becomes larger. In order to compensate for this, it is necessary to aim at a distant target higher than a distant target. To this end, the large-diameter dot sight collimator rotates the reticle control to reflect the impact point correction projection reticle 206 (g) to 206 (l) according to the target distance to the reflector 100 by reflecting the dot image. It is necessary to create and overlap the target so that the shooter can choose the shot-correction projection reticle to accurately shoot targets of different distances. In order to meet this need, the targets required for the reflector 100 by arranging the impact point corrected projection reticles 206 (g) to 206 (l) having different distances from the rotation axis in a circle and rotating the reticle plate 206. The impact point correction corresponding to the position of is to be able to project and reflect the projection reticle.

A dotted line passing through the reticle 206 (g) of FIG. 8 where the position of the impact point corrected projection reticles is a locus of the reference height of the LED 209 for generating the light source to correspond to the height change of the impact point according to the shooting distance as shown in FIG. 8. It is preferable to move by moving toward the center of rotation of the reticle plate 206 by an arithmetically calculated amount according to the distance of the target in the trajectory.

9 and 10 show another modified embodiment of the present embodiment. This embodiment is characterized by adjusting the height of the dot sight by a predetermined distance by rotating the ballistic correction sphere 300 provided below the large diameter dot sight sight. 9 shows a view in which the ballistic ball corrector 300 is installed below the large-diameter dot sight collimator 150 as a partially separated perspective view, and FIG. The cross section of the part is shown. Reference numeral 301 denotes a bolt that does not change the position of the front and rear left and right when the up and down adjustment, and is connected to the ballistic ball. The ballistic ball corrector 300 has an eccentric hexagon nut or an eccentric polygon nut shape so that the distance from the center of the rotation axis to the hexagon or the polygonal surface can be varied so that the ballistic ball is rotated at a predetermined angle. It serves to adjust the height of the barrel support that is in close contact with one side of the contact surface such as a compression spring. Therefore, as shown in Figs. 10 (b) to 10 (d), when the ballistic ball corrector 300 is rotated, the dot site base itself rises at the maximum radius ((1) and 10 ((b) of Fig. 10 (b)). c)), at a minimum radius, the dot site base is lowered ((2) and 10 (d) of FIG. 10 (b)). This allows the height of the dot site to be adjusted to account for the distance between the target and the sight.

11 is a perspective view which shows an example of the internal structure of the reticle housing part 200 of this invention. The post 201 is inserted into the reticle housing 202 and fixed by the post fixing nut 203, and the reticle frame bearing 204 is press-fitted after the reticle frame 205 is heated and expanded. The reticle plate 206 is bonded to the inside of the reticle frame 205. The post 201 is inserted into the assembled reticle frame bearing 204, the reticle frame 205, and the reticle plate 206 and tightened by a frame fixing nut 207. After the LED 209 is inserted into the LED housing 208, the LED housing 208 is inserted into the post and then tightened with the LED housing fixing nut 210. Assemble the reticle rotating frame 211 thereon and tighten the rotating frame fixing nut (212). The rotating frame fixing nut 212 is tightened with two nuts so that the reticle rotating frame 211 does not fall out. The reticle housing cap 213 is fixed to the three bislow reticle rotating frames 211 in the rear direction. Three screws that are fixed to the side of the reticle housing cap 213 may be caught in the groove of the reticle housing 202 to prevent the reticle housing cap 213 from being separated. 11 illustrates a concept in which three screws coupled to the reticle frame 205 and the reticle rotating frame 11 are held in the grooves of the reticle housing 202 to maintain a position. The right side of FIG. The lower figure further shows the coupling relationship of each component.

The above embodiments add that it does not reduce or limit the scope defined by the matters described in the claims of the present invention.

1 is a view schematically showing the internal structure of a general dot sight aiming device.

2 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state of use of a dot sight aiming device mounted on a rifle and aiming a shot.

3 is a diagram illustrating parallax generation of reflected light reflected from a conventional spherical reflective surface.

4 is a view showing a schematic structure of a reflector in an embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a view showing a schematic structure of a reflector in another embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a view showing an internal cross section of the reflector according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a diagram illustrating a large diameter dot sight collimator according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a diagram illustrating a large diameter dot sight collimator according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

9 and 10 are diagrams showing a modification of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a perspective view showing an internal configuration example of the reticle of the present invention.

※ The accompanying drawings show that they are illustrated by reference to enhance the understanding of the technical idea of the present invention, it is added that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.

Claims (1)

In the large-diameter dot sight collimator in which the sight housing is mounted on the engine part of the heavy machine gun, The sight housing includes a reflector reflecting an LED and a light source generated by the LED; It includes a reticle control 215 for projecting and reflecting the impact point correction projection reticle reflecting the reflector 100 in consideration of the distance to the target and the radius of curvature of the ballistic curve, A plurality of impact point correction projection reticles 206 (g) to 206 (l) are mounted on the reticle plate (206) so that the bullet can reach the target according to the distance of the target to the reticle plate 206 inside the reticle control unit 215. 206 are arranged at different distances from the center of rotation, Rotating the reticle control unit 215, the reticle plate 206 is rotated to select the impact point correction projection reticle (206 (g) ~ 206 (l)) according to the distance of the target, large diameter dot sight sight.

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