WO2008079729A1 - Functionalized amine-based corrosion inhibitors for galvanized metal surfaces and method of using same - Google Patents

Functionalized amine-based corrosion inhibitors for galvanized metal surfaces and method of using same Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008079729A1
WO2008079729A1 PCT/US2007/087510 US2007087510W WO2008079729A1 WO 2008079729 A1 WO2008079729 A1 WO 2008079729A1 US 2007087510 W US2007087510 W US 2007087510W WO 2008079729 A1 WO2008079729 A1 WO 2008079729A1
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Prior art keywords
corrosion
inhibiting
white rust
water
amine
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PCT/US2007/087510
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Srikanth S. Kidambi
Nathaniel Greene
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ChampionX LLC
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Nalco Co LLC
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Priority to CN200780047418.6A priority Critical patent/CN101568668B/zh
Priority to JP2009543094A priority patent/JP5414534B2/ja
Priority to EP07869256.3A priority patent/EP2099952B1/en
Priority to CA2672237A priority patent/CA2672237C/en
Priority to BRPI0719418A priority patent/BRPI0719418B1/pt
Priority to AU2007337098A priority patent/AU2007337098B2/en
Priority to MX2009006514A priority patent/MX2009006514A/es
Publication of WO2008079729A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008079729A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
    • C23F11/173—Macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/68—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
    • C23F11/14—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C23F11/141—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
    • C23F11/14—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C23F11/141—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • C23F11/142—Hydroxy amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
    • C23F11/14—Nitrogen-containing compounds
    • C23F11/141—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
    • C23F11/143—Salts of amines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
    • C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
    • C23F11/18—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using inorganic inhibitors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F14/00—Inhibiting incrustation in apparatus for heating liquids for physical or chemical purposes
    • C23F14/02—Inhibiting incrustation in apparatus for heating liquids for physical or chemical purposes by chemical means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/08—Corrosion inhibition

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to inhibiting corrosion on galvanized metal surfaces. More specifically, the invention relates to a method for inhibiting white rust corrosion on galvanized surfaces. The invention has particular relevance for inhibiting white rust corrosion on galvanized metal surfaces using functional ized amine-based white rust corrosion inhibiting compounds in industrial water systems.
  • Galvanization is a protective zinc coating that is chemically bonded to a metal (usually iron or steel) surface.
  • Zinc coating is used in a variety of applications and offers a certain degree of corrosion protection for the underlying metal by providing a mechanical barrier to the elements and environment as well as electrochemical resistance to corrosion.
  • galvanizing methods exist, such as electroplating, continuous galvanization, and hot-dip galvanization.
  • Many industrial water systems such as cooling water circulation systems (sometimes referred to herein as "cooling towers”), have such galvanized surfaces.
  • a common problem with galvanized coatings of all kinds is "white rust,” which manifests itself as a white, waxy, fluffy, or powdery non-protective and porous deposit that rapidly forms on galvanized surfaces when the surface is exposed to humid and/or wet conditions.
  • White rust can cause considerable damage to the zinc coating and is also detrimental to the coating's appearance. If left unchecked, white rust will continually corrode affected galvanized surfaces and eventually lead to early failure of the coating. With such a non- protective, porous deposit on the galvanized surface, the surface is not “passive" to future white rust formation and may rapidly continue to corrode.
  • This basic zinc carbonate barrier believed to be a zinc carbonate/zinc hydroxide compound (as discussed in "Guidelines for Treatment of Galvanized Cooling Towers to Prevent White Rust,” published by the Cooling Tower Institute in June 1994) typically forms within eight weeks of initial cooling tower operation with water of neutral pH (i.e., pH 6.5 to 8.0) and moderately hard water environment.
  • a typical solute content range would be calcium (CaCC> 3 ) content of 100 ppm to 300 ppm as bicarbonate alkalinity and about 100 ppm CaCC> 3 hardness.
  • Formation of the protective zinc carbonate barrier is important for the cooling tower to resist further corrosion. Barrier absence could result in severe white rust formation and have a significant negative impact on the cooling tower's service life.
  • White rust is also a form of zinc carbonate that has a different porous structure, rate of formation, and density than the protective zinc carbonate barrier described above. If the water hardness levels, measured by CaCO 3 hardness, reach levels below 50 ppm (i.e., soft water), accelerated zinc corrosion generally results. Certain ionic content in the water, such as sulfates, chlorides, and nitrates at levels greater than about 250 ppm may also contribute to accelerated zinc corrosion. Thus, routine inspection of the cooling tower coupled with adequate control of the water chemistry aids in the prevention of white rust formation.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,407,597 provides a formulation including a mixture of an organophosphorous compound, a thiocarbamate compound, and soluble metal salt compound. The components of this formulation are used as a combination and the ingredients tested alone typically do not control white rust formation.
  • the formulation in U.S. Patent No. 6,468,470 Bl includes a multi-component system of an organophosphorous compound, a tannin compound, and a soluble salt of a metal.
  • cooling towers have substantial evaporative water loss.
  • large quantities of "make-up" water are introduced into the system that commonly contains ionic species, such as calcium, magnesium, sulphate, and chloride.
  • Increased alkalinity e.g., carbonate, bicarbonate, and hydroxide ions
  • carbonate alkalinity may also cause white rust corrosion.
  • accumulation of carbonate alkalinity, with a concomitant pH increase creates an ideal white rust-forming environment. This accumulation is one of the major causes of white rust.
  • the presence of excess anions and/or soft water can aggravate the degree of white rust formation by, for example, reacting with the zinc coating to produce zinc hydroxide.
  • biocides are essential is preventing algal, bacterial, and fungal contamination of the systems. Some of these biocides sometimes promote white rust formation as a byproduct because they chemically react with certain white rust inhibitors and/or with the zinc coating. For example, sodium hypochlorite (i.e., bleach) is a common biocide and is highly reactive.
  • this invention provides novel amine-based white rust corrosion- inhibiting compounds capable of significantly inhibiting white rust formation in industrial water systems having galvanized metal surfaces.
  • the compounds include those of the formula [R] 2 N- RIx-N[R] 2 .
  • R includes H 5 mono-hydroxylated alkyl groups, or poly-hydroxylated alkyl groups.
  • Rl includes -[CH 2 CH 2 -N(RS)-CH 2 CH 2 ], oxypropylene, oxyethylene, polyether, the like, or combinations thereof.
  • R2 includes H, alkyl groups, alkylated carboxylates, alkylated sulfonates, mono-hydroxylated alkyl groups, or poly-hydroxylated alkyl groups.
  • X is from 1 to about 20.
  • the method of the invention includes introducing an effective amount of a corrosion-inhibiting composition having an amine-based white rust corrosion-inhibiting compound onto the galvanized metal surface to form a barrier on the surface.
  • the method further includes overlaying the barrier by reintroducing an effective amount of the corrosion-inhibiting composition onto the galvanized metal surface after one or more time intervals.
  • the invention provides a method of inhibiting corrosion in an industrial water system, such as a cooling tower, that is at least partially full of water and has one or more galvanized metal surfaces.
  • the method includes adjusting the water in the industrial water system to have a pH from about 6.5 to about 8.2 and introducing an effective amount of a corrosion-inhibiting composition that includes one or more amine-based white rust corrosion- inhibiting compounds into the water of the industrial water system.
  • Implementing the method may be accomplished when the system is either under load or not under load. If the system is not under load when introducing the corrosion-inhibiting composition, the water in the system is circulated after such introduction for a time interval to contact the amine-based white rust corrosion-inhibiting compound with the galvanized metal surfaces of the system to form the barrier on those surfaces. After a sufficient interval, the unloaded system may be turned on or brought under load at any suitable time. If the system is under load when introducing the corrosion-inhibiting composition, the system is operated under load after such introduction for a time interval to contact the amine-based white rust corrosion- inhibiting compound with the galvanized metal surfaces of the system and form the barrier on those surfaces.
  • the invention provides a method for overlaying the barrier formed by the amine-based white rust-inhibiting compound.
  • This aspect includes overlaying the barrier while the system is under load or not under load. If the barrier is overlaid while the system is under load, the method includes readjusting the pH of the system to be from about 6.5 to about 8.2 and reintroducing an effective amount of the corrosion-inhibiting composition into the water of the system. The system is then operated under load for one or more additional time intervals and the barrier is optionally re-overlaid after one or more of the additional time intervals.
  • the method includes readjusting the pH of the system to be from about 6.5 to about 8.2, reintroducing an effective amount of the corrosion-inhibiting composition into the water of the system, and circulating the water of the system for a sufficient interval to contact the amine-based white rust-inhibiting compound with the surfaces. After the sufficient interval, the unloaded system may be turned on or brought under load at any suitable time.
  • the invention is particularly relevant to applications such as basins and heat transfer coils of cooling towers, it should be appreciated that the implementation of the method is not limited to such cooling tower applications.
  • Contemplated applications include any system having galvanized metal surfaces.
  • the invention may also be combined with one or more other corrosion or scale inhibiting compositions, such as silicates, borates, molybdates, tungstates, chromate, zinc salts, orthorphosphate, polyphosphate, phosphonates/phosphinates, combinations thereof, or any other suitable corrosion or scale inhibiting compound or composition, with or without one or more fluorescent tracer compounds.
  • corrosion or scale inhibiting compositions such as silicates, borates, molybdates, tungstates, chromate, zinc salts, orthorphosphate, polyphosphate, phosphonates/phosphinates, combinations thereof, or any other suitable corrosion or scale inhibiting compound or composition, with or without one or more fluorescent tracer compounds.
  • An advantage of the invention is to provide a method of inhibiting corrosion, especially white rust corrosion, on galvanized metal surfaces.
  • Another advantage of the invention is to extend the lifespan of galvanized metal surfaces in various applications including industrial water systems.
  • Yet another advantage of the invention is to provide a one-step passivation method for inhibiting white rust corrosion on galvanized surfaces of industrial water systems.
  • An additional advantage of the invention is to provide a method for initially pre- passivating with a white rust corrosion-inhibiting composition and post-treating by overlaying the white rust corrosion-inhibiting composition on galvanized surfaces.
  • a further advantage of the invention is to provide a white rust corrosion- inhibitive composition that does not react with biocides used in industrial water systems.
  • the amine-based white rust corrosion-inhibiting compound of the invention in one embodiment, is a hydroxylated alkoxyamine.
  • the compound is formed from a polyoxypropylene diamine.
  • the compound is of the formula [CH(OH)CH(OH)CH 2 ] 2 N-[CH(CH 3 )CH 2 O] ⁇ -N[CH 2 CH(OH)CH(OH)] 2 .
  • X is from 1 to about 20.
  • the amine groups of the compound are fully hydroxyl- functionalized.
  • the amine-based white rust-inhibiting compound includes one or more of [R] 2 N-PIl] x -NpI] 2 and [R] 2 N-[CH 2 CH 2 -N(R2)-CH 2 CH 2 ] X -N[R] 2 .
  • R includes mono-hydroxylated alkyl groups or poly-hydroxylated alkyl groups.
  • Rl includes oxyethylene, polyether, or combinations thereof.
  • R2 includes H, alkyl groups, alkylated carboxylates, alkylated sulfonates, mono-hydroxy ⁇ ated alkyl groups, or poly-hydroxylated alkyl groups.
  • X is from 1 to about 20.
  • alkyl groups are branched or unbranched Ci to Ce.
  • Alkyl as used herein means a monovalent group derived from a straight or branched saturated chain hydrocarbon by the removal of a single hydrogen atom.
  • Representative alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n- and ⁇ o-propyl, cetyl, and the like.
  • the amine-based white rust corrosion-inhibiting compound is a reaction product of H 2 N-[R3] Y -NH 2 and chloropropanediol, glycidol, or epichlorohydrin.
  • R3 includes [-CH 2 CH 2 -N(R ⁇ -CH 2 CH 2 ], oxypropylene, oxyethylene, polyether, or combinations thereof.
  • R4 includes H, alkyl groups, alkylated carboxylates, alkylated sulfonates, mono-hydroxylated alkyl groups, or poly-hydroxylated alkyl groups.
  • Y is from 1 to about 20.
  • the alkyl groups are branched or unbranched Ci to C 6 .
  • an amine derivative is reacted with a dicarboxylic acid, such as oxalic acid or adipic acid, to form the white rust corrosion-inhibiting compound.
  • the white rust corrosion-inhibiting compound is an imino derivative or a hydroxyamine derivative reaction product of an aldehyde or a ketone with a monoamine or a polyamine.
  • the compound is an imino derivative or a hydroxyamine derivative reaction product of an aldehyde or a ketone with a polyether monoamine or a polyether polyamine.
  • reaction of glyoxylic acid with diglycolamine at elevated temperature e.g., 40 0 C to 80 0 C
  • Acid catalyst such as sulfuric acid, may also be used.
  • An exemplary method of preparing the amine-based white rust corrosion- inhibiting compound is to react Jeffamine® D230 (available from Huntsman, Salt Lake City, Utah), which is characterized by repeating oxypropylene units in the backbone and has the chemical formula H 2 N-(CH(CH 3 )CH 2 O) Z -CH 2 CH(CH 3 )NH 2 , with glycidol (2,3-epoxy-l- propanol).
  • Jeffamine® D230 is a difunctional, primary amine with an average molecular weight of about 230 grams per mole.
  • Z is typically from about 1 to about 20 repeating units.
  • Z is from 1 to 3, and most preferably, Z is 2.
  • reaction product of the above reaction is primarily 1,4 quad-substituted hydroxylated polyalkoxyamine.
  • white rust-inhibiting compounds described herein can each be used independently, simultaneously, sequentially, alternating between different compounds, or by implementing in any suitable order or fashion.
  • the invention also provides a method of inhibiting corrosion on a galvanized metal surface.
  • the method includes introducing an effective amount of a corrosion-inhibiting composition onto the galvanized metal surface to form a barrier on the surface.
  • barrier includes surface modification of the galvanized surface, change of morphology of the galvanized surface, chemical interaction of any of the white rust corrosion- inhibiting compounds with the galvanized surface, or any other similar modification of or interaction with the surface.
  • an effective amount of the corrosion-inhibiting composition includes from about 0.001 weight percent to about 100 weight percent of the white rust corrosion-inhibiting compound.
  • an effective amount of the composition includes from about 0.001 weight percent to about 50 weight percent of the compound.
  • from about 0.1 weight percent of to about 30 weight percent of the compound of the composition is introduced to the galvanized surface.
  • Representative amine-based white rust-inhibiting compounds include substituted amines, such as mono-substituted monoamines, mono-substituted polyamines, poly-substituted monoamines, poly-substituted polyamines, mono-substituted polyether monoamines, mono- substituted polyether polyamines, poly-substituted polyether monoamines, poly-substituted polyether polyamines.
  • substituted amines include one or more hydroxyl groups. It is further contemplated that other amine-based compounds may be utilized in the method of the invention, such as imino derivatives, hydroxyamine derivatives, and combination thereof.
  • Preferred compounds include diethyl triamine, diglyciol amine, Jeffamine® derivatives, and the like.
  • introducing the corrosion-inhibiting composition onto the galvanized surface includes incorporating the method into a hot dip manufacturing process.
  • the metal would first be dipped in melted zinc at 450 0 C (temperature at which iron/steel and zinc share great affinity) where the metal would be protected with a zinc coating.
  • the next step in the manufacturing process would be to dip the zinc-coated metal into the corrosion- inhibiting composition including the amine-based white rust corrosion-inhibiting compound.
  • such introduction includes spraying a solution of the composition directly onto the surface, including surfaces in industrial water systems.
  • the composition is mixed with a foaming agent to form a mixture and the mixture is subsequently sprayed onto the galvanized metal surface using any suitable spraying device.
  • Foaming agents may include surfactants, such as alkoxylated alcohols, polyethylene glycol, or any other suitable surfactant.
  • the composition may be physically applied onto the surface by rolling using a paint roller or the like, brushing using a paintbrush or the like, swabbing using a mop or the like, or by using any other suitable method or technique.
  • the corrosion-inhibiting composition is reintroduced onto the surface one or more times after one or more time intervals to "overlay" the barrier or "re- passivate” the surface.
  • Ongoing overlaying steps to renew the corrosion-inhibitory barrier and/or to re-passivate the galvanized surfaces are also contemplated.
  • the method may include a plurality of different corrosion-inhibiting compositions and overlaying the barrier may include introducing a different one or more of the corrosion-inhibiting compositions onto the galvanized metal surface(s).
  • an effective amount of the corrosion-inhibiting composition is introduced into the water of a cooling water circulation system (sometimes referred to herein as "cooling tower") to form a barrier on (or passivate) any galvanized metal surfaces of the system.
  • a cooling water circulation system sometimes referred to herein as "cooling tower”
  • the corrosion-inhibiting composition of the invention may be introduced into any industrial water system as either an adjunct treatment in combination with other compositions or programs, such as scale and/or corrosion-inhibiting programs, or as a stand-alone treatment program, as described in more detail herein.
  • the industrial water system is at least partially full of water and has one or more galvanized metal surfaces.
  • the method includes adjusting the water in the system to have a pH from about 6.5 to about 8.2. In a preferred embodiment, the pH of the water in the system is adjusted to be from about 6.8 to about 7.8.
  • the method further includes introducing an effective amount of a corrosion-inhibiting composition that includes one or more amine-based white rust corrosion-inhibiting compounds into the water of the industrial water system.
  • the corrosion-inhibiting composition typically includes from about 1 ppm to about 10,000 ppm of the white rust corrosion-inhibiting compound. In a preferred embodiment, the composition includes from about 1 ppm to about 1000 ppm of the compound. In a more preferred embodiment, the composition includes from about 1 ppm to about 100 ppm of the compound.
  • an effective amount of the corrosion-inhibiting composition is introduced into the water of the industrial water system when the system is operating and under load.
  • the system is operated under load (i.e., turned on) for a time interval to contact the amine-based white rust corrosion-inhibiting compound with the galvanized surface(s) in the system to form a barrier on the surface(s).
  • overlaying the barrier may be implemented when the industrial water system is operating and under load or when the system has been turned off and thus not under load.
  • overlaying the barrier includes unloading (i.e., turning off) the system, readjusting the pH of the system, reintroducing an effective amount of the corrosion-inhibiting composition into the water of the system, and circulating the water of the system.
  • overlaying the barrier includes keeping the system under load, readjusting the pH of the system (as described above) and reintroducing an effective amount of the corrosion-inhibiting composition into the water of the system.
  • the method includes a plurality of different corrosion- inhibiting compositions and overlaying the barrier includes introducing a different one or more of the corrosion-inhibiting compositions into the industrial water system.
  • the corrosion-inhibiting composition of the invention is preferably introduced in a pre-passivation process prior to initially starting up the industrial water system. This method is preferred because such application typically provides the highest degree of passivation and protection for the galvanized surfaces in the system.
  • the corrosion-inhibiting composition may be introduced to a currently operating or running system. As described above, such an application may be implemented without turning off the system by leaving the system under load during the passivation process or by turning off and unloading the system.
  • the corrosion-inhibiting composition may be combined with one or more other corrosion inhibitors, one or more scale inhibitors, one or more fluorescent tracers, one or more water treatment polymers, one or more polyalkoxy compounds, or any other suitable adjunct or additional component. Any such adjuncts may be part of an existing corrosion-inhibitive program to which the invention becomes an additional component or program. Adjuncts may be part of the corrosion-inhibiting composition or may be another separate composition or compositions. In alternative embodiments, such adjuncts may be added simultaneously or sequentially with the corrosion-inhibiting composition of the invention.
  • Exemplary other corrosion and scale inhibitors include tungstate; molybdate; vanadate; phosphate; phosphonate; phosphinate; silicate; borate; zinc and its salts; polycarboxylates; benzoic acid; the like; combinations thereof; or any other suitable corrosion or scale inhibitors.
  • Exemplary water treatment polymers include polyacrylic acid; polymaleic acid; copolymers and terpolymers of acrylic acid, maleic acid, acrylamide, and acrylamidopropyl sulfonate; prism polymers; sulfonate-based polymers; and terpolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid, acrylamide, sulfomethylated acrylamide, the like, and combinations thereof.
  • a white rust-corrosion inhibiting compound includes reaction products of Jeffamine® D230 Polyetheramine (as described above) and glycidol.
  • 11.8 grams of the polyetheramine i.e., polyoxypropylene diamine
  • 15.8 grams of glycidol was slowly added to the solution.
  • the final weight was adjusted to 60 grams and the solution was stirred for several hours at room temperature.
  • the temperature may be adjusted up to about 40 0 C.
  • the degree of functionalization of the polyoxypropylene diamine varied between one and four, based on the starting concentration (molar ratio) of glycidol and the diamine.
  • a dihydroxy functionalized derivative of polyetheramine may be synthesized by reacting 1 mole of polyetheramine (as described in Example I) with different (1 to 4 moles, with 4 moles being the preferred option) moles of 3-chloropropane diol in the presence of 1 to 4 moles of sodium hydroxide at a temperature between about 3O 0 C and about 8O 0 C for several hours under constant stirring. This molar ratio will result in a mixture having substituted diamine product with different degree of substitution ranging from one to four.
  • Galvanized mild steel metal coupons were exposed in a 10 liter cell (at 4O 0 C) to the following synthetic water chemistry made using calcium chloride dihydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium carbonate (based on calculated values): Ca 2+ : 400 to 440 ppm (as CaCO 3 ); Mg 2+ : 200 to 220 ppm (as CaCO 3 ); M-Alkalinity: 300 to 340 ppm (as CaCO 3 ); Cl “ : 280 to 315 ppm (as Cl " ); (SO 4 ) 2" : 192 to 211 ppm (as (SO 4 ) 2" ); and pH controlled using NaHC ⁇ 3/Na 2 C ⁇ 3 buffer at pH 8.9.
  • Controls and Samples included a phosphonate-based scale inhibitor program.
  • the Controls had no additional white rust corrosion inhibitor.
  • Both Samples A and B included about 10 ppm hydroxy-functionalized polyalkoxyamine as the white rust corrosion inhibitor. Corrosion rates were based on coupon weight after 7 days of exposure and are expressed in mils per year (“mpy”), as shown in Table I.
  • the following synthetic water chemistry including calcium chloride dihydrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, and sodium bicarbonate (based on calculated values) was used: Ca 2+ : 150 to 170 ppm (as CaCO 3 ); Mg 2+ : 75 to 85 ppm (as CaCO 3 ); M-Alkalinity: 85 to 105 ppm (as CaCO 3 ); Cl " : 105 to 120 ppm (as CY); and (SO 4 ) 2' : 72 to 82 ppm (as (SO 4 ) 2" ).
  • the control and sample also included a second step, where the passivated electrodes were exposed to a more extreme corrosive environment, as in Example III above. Initial corrosion rate (from 0 to 24 hours) followed by a longer duration corrosion rate (24 to 72 hours) were measured in mpy. Table II describes the initial and longer duration corrosion rates.

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CN200780047418.6A CN101568668B (zh) 2006-12-19 2007-12-14 用于镀锌金属表面的官能化的基于胺的腐蚀抑制剂及其使用方法
JP2009543094A JP5414534B2 (ja) 2006-12-19 2007-12-14 腐食を抑制する方法
EP07869256.3A EP2099952B1 (en) 2006-12-19 2007-12-14 Functionalized amine-based corrosion inhibitors for galvanized metal surfaces and method of using same
CA2672237A CA2672237C (en) 2006-12-19 2007-12-14 Functionalized amine-based corrosion inhibitors for galvanized metal surfaces and method of using same
BRPI0719418A BRPI0719418B1 (pt) 2006-12-19 2007-12-14 ''' composto inibidor da corrosão de oxidação branca à base de amina, método de inibição da corrosão em uma superficie de metal galvanizada e método de inibição da corrosão em um sistema de água industrial'''
AU2007337098A AU2007337098B2 (en) 2006-12-19 2007-12-14 Functionalized amine-based corrosion inhibitors for galvanized metal surfaces and method of using same
MX2009006514A MX2009006514A (es) 2006-12-19 2007-12-14 Funcionalidad de anticorrosivo a base de aminas para superficies de metal galvanizadas y metodos para su uso.

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