WO2008077473A2 - Installation pour la production d'énergie solaire - Google Patents

Installation pour la production d'énergie solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008077473A2
WO2008077473A2 PCT/EP2007/010745 EP2007010745W WO2008077473A2 WO 2008077473 A2 WO2008077473 A2 WO 2008077473A2 EP 2007010745 W EP2007010745 W EP 2007010745W WO 2008077473 A2 WO2008077473 A2 WO 2008077473A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
module
enable signal
modules
switching element
solar energy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/010745
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2008077473A3 (fr
Inventor
Hendrik Kolm
Original Assignee
Sp Solarprojekt Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102006060815A external-priority patent/DE102006060815B4/de
Application filed by Sp Solarprojekt Gmbh filed Critical Sp Solarprojekt Gmbh
Priority to EP07856518A priority Critical patent/EP2054944A2/fr
Publication of WO2008077473A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008077473A2/fr
Publication of WO2008077473A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008077473A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/02016—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices
    • H01L31/02019—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/02021—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/30—Electrical components
    • H02S40/32—Electrical components comprising DC/AC inverter means associated with the PV module itself, e.g. AC modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a solar power plant, which is composed of one or more parallel strings of photovoltaic (PV) modules and feeds via inverters in a low-voltage grid.
  • PV photovoltaic
  • PV modules photovoltaic power generators
  • FIG. 1.1 to 1.4 show such generator circuits, wherein a single PV module has the short-circuit current Dc and the open-circuit voltage Uoc.
  • the single PV module has an open circuit voltage of 40VDC and a short circuit current of 5A.
  • Fig. 1.1 shows a single PV module 1.
  • 20 PV modules 1 to 20 are connected in series to form a string (string), with the individual voltages of the PV modules adding up to 800 VDC; the short circuit current of the string is 5A as that of the single module.
  • Fig. 1.4 Frequent shading in grid-connected solar power systems is shown in Fig. 1.4.
  • the individual PV modules are first connected in series to strings 1-20, "381-400, then the strings 1-20 ... 381-400 connected in parallel.
  • the total voltage is then 800 VDC, the total current 100A.
  • PV modules for solar generators generate these voltages as soon as light hits them.
  • downstream electrical equipment such as lines, charge controllers, inverters for grid or island operation are required. These are under the action of light on the solar generator at least partially under tension, even if no operation is desired, or the operation is not possible due to a fault.
  • Fig. 2 shows a frequently implemented arrangement with a generator circuit as shown in Fig. 1.4 and downstream central inverter ZR for grid parallel operation for the purpose of feeding into a supply network N.
  • a central inverter it is also possible to provide so-called string inverter to each string at a associated inverter to connect.
  • the inverter fails ZR, for example, due to a power failure, the operation still remains the solar generator and the downstream line system to the DC input of the inverter ZR under tension as long as the solar generator is exposed to light (until sunset).
  • additional DC cutouts FS may be placed in the DC path at any point accessible to manually de-energize subsequent resources, these circuit breakers FS can not prevent the PV modules from continuing to supply voltage.
  • the object of the invention is to provide measures to switch off each individual PV module automatically, so that the PV modules are current and voltage-free.
  • the invention is based on the consideration of switching the individual PV modules dead (as long as possible by short-circuiting or by disconnecting the output terminals) as long as there is no release for the generator operation from a downstream equipment.
  • the release can preferably by a on the DC lines auftnodulators control signal for each terminal switch done.
  • Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a solar generator whose PV modules can be short-circuited via a remote-controlled switch;
  • Fig. 5.1 shows the switching state of the solar generator according to Fig. 4 in the absence of a release signal and thus de-energized PV modules
  • Fig. 5.2 shows the switching state of the solar generator according to Fig. 4 with the enable signal available and thus active PV modules
  • Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a solar generator whose PV modules via a remote controllable switch can be switched on the output side high impedance
  • Fig. 7.1 shows the switching state of the solar generator according to Fig. 6 in the absence of a release signal and thus de-energized PV modules
  • Fig. 7.2 shows the switching state of the solar generator according to Fig. 6 with the enable signal available and thus active PV modules.
  • the first embodiment of a solar generator shown in Fig. 4 with the features of the invention has over the prior art according to Fig. 2, two additional components, namely
  • a release block C, D (modulator) in or on the downstream equipment N which transmits an enable signal for the module switch via the DC voltage line
  • Each module switch A is permanently closed without enable signal FG, whereby the PV module is operated in a short circuit and at the terminals of the PV module, the output voltage ⁇ IV is applied. If the enable signal FG is modulated onto the connection line to the module or to the modules by means of the enable module C, D, the demodulator B in the PV module switches the module switch A into the high-resistance state, so that the PV module has its operating voltage at the output terminals leads.
  • Fig. 5.1 shows the status "Module de-energized”
  • Fig. 5.2 shows the status "Module active”.
  • the invention provides for arranging in each PV module, preferably in the junction box, a switch (A) which short-circuits the PV module so that the clamping voltage at the DC terminals of the PV module becomes almost zero when not enabled from the downstream resources.
  • a switch for the PV module, this short circuit is a control mode.
  • the switch A can eg as a semiconductor gate element (Logic Level Power Mosfet) or as a bipolar transistor with insulated gate bipolar transistor ("Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor").
  • Each switch A is driven by an associated demodulation circuit B, which when released by the downstream equipment, the switch A in the high-impedance state, so that the PV module can supply voltage.
  • the associated demodulator B is adjusted to the carrier frequency of the enable block C, D and provides for the control of the module switch A.
  • the enable module C, D preferably consists of a frequency-stable clock generator C, which is formed, for example quartz-stable, with downstream power amplifier with push-pull output. Via a balun transformer D for impedance conversion and galvanic isolation, the carrier signal is coupled as a pilot tone to the DC connection line to the PV modules and their demodulators B. The carrier signal can be switched on or off via a logic input of the clock generator.
  • a release block C, D is assigned to each string.
  • a release block C, D is sufficient for the entire generator, unless several subgenerators should be separately switchable (eg for fault detection).
  • the PV modules are not in the absence of the enable signal FG - as in the first Form of execution according to Fig. 4 - short-circuited in itself, but switched on the output side by the module switch A high impedance.
  • the module switches A are arranged in series with the output terminals of the PV modules 1 to 400.
  • Each module switch A is constantly open without release signal FG, whereby the terminal voltage of the PV modules 1 to 400 with open module switches A is zero volts.
  • This de-energized state of PV modules 1 to 400 is illustrated in Fig. 7.1.
  • the module switches A switch on the voltage at the module terminals, whereby the PV modules 1 to 400 become active.
  • This active state of the PV modules 1 to 400 is illustrated in Fig. 7.2.
  • the advantage of the second embodiment of the solar generator according to the invention according to Figures 6, 7.1 and 7.2 is that the control energy for driving the module switch A can be obtained directly from the modulated control signal, which is favorable for the testing of the PV modules after the production.

Abstract

Des installations pour la production d'énergie solaire sont constituées d'une ou de plusieurs chaînes parallèles de modules photovoltaïques, et alimentent, via des convertisseurs, un réseau basse tension. L'invention est caractérisée en ce qu'à chaque module PV (1 à 400) est associé, à sa sortie, un élément de commutation (A) qui peut être commuté au moyen d'un signal de libération (FG), de telle manière qu'en cas d'absence de signal de libération (FG), le module PV associé soit mis hors tension, et soit activé en présence d'un signal de libération (FG).
PCT/EP2007/010745 2006-12-21 2007-12-10 Installation pour la production d'énergie solaire WO2008077473A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07856518A EP2054944A2 (fr) 2006-12-21 2007-12-10 Installation pour la production d'énergie solaire

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006060815A DE102006060815B4 (de) 2006-09-21 2006-12-21 Solarenergieerzeugungsanlage
DE102006060815.1 2006-12-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008077473A2 true WO2008077473A2 (fr) 2008-07-03
WO2008077473A3 WO2008077473A3 (fr) 2009-03-26

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2007/010745 WO2008077473A2 (fr) 2006-12-21 2007-12-10 Installation pour la production d'énergie solaire

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2054944A2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2008077473A2 (fr)

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ITMI20091879A1 (it) * 2009-10-29 2011-04-30 Infor System S R L Dispositivo di sicurezza elettrica per impianti solari a pannelli fotovoltaici e impianto solare che incorpora tale dispositivo lifelink solar.
EP2455977A1 (fr) * 2010-11-16 2012-05-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Installation photovoltaïque
EP2561596A2 (fr) * 2010-04-22 2013-02-27 Tigo Energy, Inc. Système et procédé destiné à une horloge de surveillance améliorée dans des installations de panneaux solaires
US8963375B2 (en) 2011-06-30 2015-02-24 Sunpower Corporation Device and method for electrically decoupling a solar module from a solar system
CN104428900A (zh) * 2012-07-09 2015-03-18 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 用于检测太阳能阵列电路中的不连续和终止其中电流流动的系统和方法
DE102013219855A1 (de) 2013-10-01 2015-04-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Modulsteuergerät zum Betreiben eines Solarmoduls an einer Solaranlage und Verfahren und Anlagensteuergerät zum Betreiben einer Solaranlage
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US9235228B2 (en) 2012-03-05 2016-01-12 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Direct current link circuit
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US9590526B2 (en) 2006-12-06 2017-03-07 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. Safety mechanisms, wake up and shutdown methods in distributed power installations
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US9941813B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2018-04-10 Solaredge Technologies Ltd. High frequency multi-level inverter
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