WO2008069416A1

WO2008069416A1 - Method and apparatus for soil covering of soft ground

Info

Publication number: WO2008069416A1
Application number: PCT/KR2007/004572
Authority: WO
Inventors: Dong Hang Kim
Original assignee: Dong Hang Kim
Priority date: 2006-12-07
Filing date: 2007-09-20
Publication date: 2008-06-12
Also published as: KR100760653B1

Abstract

The present invention relates to soft ground improvement work, especially a track with an excellent load dispersion effect is formed, and a bogie, having a paving means by conveyor, moves back and forth on the track, and said bogie is provided with rotatable bidirectional conveyors, so that the location of sand or debris, which is soil covering material, is adjusted to perform economical and speedy paving. According to the soft ground soil covering method and the soil covering apparatus of the present invention using a track of load-dispersing structure and a bidirectional conveyor bogie, it is possible to move the bogie and paving means, which are heavy objects, stably on the surface layer of soft ground having high water content and deformability, and it is possible to load a large quantity of soil covering material by the dispersion effect of concentrated load, so work continuity is excellent. In addition, in the present invention the construction is performed to both sides from the central portion of soft ground separated by the track, so settlement and elevation of ground are minimized; and the maximum paving area is secured within a single section of moving back and forth, so the work period can be remarkably shortened so as to be very economical.

Description

[DESCRIPTION]

[Invention Title]

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SOIL COVERING OF SOFT GROUND

[Technical Field]

The present invention relates to soft ground iimprovement work for forming the access for various equipment and the drain layer by reinforcing, with soil covering material, the surface layer of soft ground, which has high water content and deformability and has low soil load-bearing capacity; more specifically to a method for soil covering of soft ground and a soil covering apparatus, which uses a track of a load dispersion structure and a bidirectional conveyor bogie that enable excellent soil covering work to be performed in a relatively short period of time, to secure the soil load- bearing capacity of soft ground and improve the drainability of the drain layer, while preventing destruction, settlement or elevation of soft ground, by dint of a track made up of civil engineering fiber, lattice-shaped pipes and sleepers, and a soil covering material paving device moving along the track.

[Background Art]

The soft ground made by dredging and filling is likely to be in a slurry condition and has high compressibility and low soil load-bearing capacity. The dredged and filled land should have minimum soil load-bearing capacity for securing trafficability of heavy equipment used for the soft ground processing work. This needs a leaving-alone period of at least several to tens of months after dredging and filling.

But the method of securing the soil load-bearing capacity by allowing such a leaving-alone period gives rise to a problem of the construction period being prolonged and another problem of collective civil complaints by the residents around the dredged and filled land because of habitation of noxious insects during the leaving-alone period, so it becomes necessary to develop a quick soil covering method for soft ground and cost effective technology. Accordingly, in order to carry out the soft ground soil covering method, various equipment, machines and materials should be able to access the soft ground, so the load-bearing capacity of soil of surface layer should be secured first of all. The mainly used conventional methods of soil covering include the method of natural drying of the ground surface and transporting of soil covering material by dump truck for paving and the method of paving by crane or high-pressure injection.

However, the aforementioned method of soil covering of a soft ground surface layer needs a long period of work, and also reasonable load-bearing capacity of soil cannot be secured and reinforced due to the limitations on the operation of equipment and workability because of the ground structure with high water content and large deformability. Another problem is that relying on the method of paving the soil covering materials of sand and debris gradually from one side of soft ground causes the ground to settle or elevate accordingly. Therefore, new soil covering method and apparatus are seriously needed to solve the problem.

[Disclosure]

[Technical Problem]

The present invention is to improve the above-mentioned conventional problems with an object to provide a method for soil covering of soft ground and a soil covering apparatus, in which a track having a given interval is formed on soft ground, and a bogie, having a paving means by conveyor, moves back and forth on the track, and the track consists of civil engineering fiber, lattice-shaped pipes, sleepers and rails so as to disperse the concentrated load of the bogie, which is a heavy object, wherein the bogie is provided with a rotatable bidirectional conveyor to make it possible to adjust the paving location of soil covering material and make economical and quick paving possible.

[Technical Solution]

To achieve the above objects, there is provided a method for soil covering of soft ground using a track of load dispersing structure and a bidirectional conveyor bogie, comprising the processes of: laying civil engineering fiber on the soft ground and covering a soil covering material on the end portion of the civil engineering fiber to restrain the civil engineering fiber so as to prevent moving; paving reinforcing earth in the form of said soil covering material on said civil engineering fiber , and arraying a plurality of longitudinal and lateral pipes on the paved first reinforcing earth to form a lattice bearer; paving reinforced earth in the form of soil covering material on said lattice bearer , and placing a plurality of sleepers on the paved second reinforcing earth at a given interval; placing rails extending lengthwise on said sleepers at a given interval to form a track, so that a bogie having a paving means can move back and forth along the rails to perform paving; and paving the soil covering material stored in a hopper of said bogie on both sides of said track, wherein said paving process is performed extending symmetrically to both of outward directions from the central portion of the soft ground.

In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a n apparatus for soil covering of soft ground using a track of load dispersing structure and a bidirectional conveyor bogie, comprising: a lattice bearer which is buried in reinforcing earth formed by paving soil covering material over the civil engineering fiber laid on the soft ground, and consists of a plurality of pipe materials arrayed longitudinally and laterally; a track having sleepers arrayed on said lattice bearer at a given interval and rails arrayed and fixed on the sleepers at a given interval, the top and side of which are buried by said reinforcing earth; a bogie which moves back and forth along the rails of said track and has a cone-shaped hopper concentrated to the center, and includes an engine unit placed below one side of the hopper at a given interval and a plurality of driving wheels rotatably arrayed under the bogie so as to drive the bogie by the power of the engine unit; and conveyors, one ends of which are placed below the discharge hole formed in the center of said hopper and the other ends of which are placed extended to respective sides of said hopper, and are pivotably mounted horizontally to said bogie with the point of support being at the center of said discharge hole', wherein soil covering material is paved on the soft ground on both sides of the track by the bogie moving back and forth along said rails and the drive of conveyors.

[Advantageous Effects]

According to the soft ground soil covering method and the soil covering apparatus of the present invention using a track of load-dispersing structure and a bidirectional conveyor bogie, it is possible to move the bogie and paving means, which are heavy objects, stably on the surface layer of soft ground having high water content and deformability, and it is possible to load a large quantity of soil covering material due to the dispersion effect of concentrated load, so work continuity is excellent. In addition, in the present invention the construction is performed to both sides from the central portion of soft ground separated by the track, so settlement and elevation of ground are minimized; and the maximum paving area is secured within a single section of moving back and forth, so the work period can be remarkably shortened so as to be very economical.

[Description of Drawings]

These and other objects, features, aspects, and advantages of preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more fully described in the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a cross sectional view showing the whole construction of a soft ground soil covering apparatus according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a flow diagram showing the process of forming a track for soil covering of soft ground according to the present invention. Fig. 3 is a perspective view showing the whole construction of the soft ground soil covering apparatus according to the present invention. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the whole construction of the soft ground soil covering apparatus according to the present invention. Fig. 5 is a plan view showing the adjusting of the paving angle of the soft ground soil covering apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the paving process of soil covering material according to the soft ground soil covering apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the soft ground soil covering apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view showing the sequence of carrying out the soil covering work by the soft ground soil covering apparatus of the present invention.

[Description of symbols for major parts in drawings]

10: track 11: civil engineering fiber

12: reinforcing earth 13'- lattice bearer

14, 14': sleepers 15, 15': rails

20: bogie 21: hopper

22: engine unit 23: driving wheel

24: discharge hole 25, 25': conveyors

26, 26' : conveyor fixing bodies 27: worm wheel

28: worm shaft 29: winch

30: rope 31: discharge plate

32: vibrator 33: drive motor

100: soft ground [Best Mode]

Below will be described a preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the soil covering method according to the present invention, comprises the processes of: laying civil engineering fiber on the soft ground and covering a soil covering material on the end portion of the civil engineering fiber to restrain the civil engineering fiber so as to prevent moving; paving reinforcing earth in the form of the soil covering material on the civil engineering fiber the, and arraying a plurality of longitudinal and lateral pipes on the paved first reinforcing earth to form a lattice bearer; paving reinforced earth in the form of soil covering material on the lattice bearer , and placing a plurality of sleepers on the paved second reinforcing earth at a given interval; placing rails extending lengthwise on the sleepers at a given interval to form a track, so that a bogie having a paving means can move back and forth along the rails to perform paving; and paving the soil covering material stored in a hopper of the bogie on both sides of the track, wherein the paving process is performed extending symmetrically to both of outward directions from the central portion of the soft ground. The paving apparatus of the present invention for realizing the aforementioned method comprises'- a lattice bearer 13 which is buried in reinforcing earth 12 formed by paving soil covering material over the civil engineering fiber 11 laid on the soft ground 100, and consists of a plurality of pipe materials arrayed longitudinally and laterally; a track 10 having sleepers 14 and 14' arrayed on the lattice bearer 13 at a given interval and rails 15 and 15' arrayed and fixed on the sleepers 14 and 14' at a given interval, the top and side of which are buried by the reinforcing earth 12; a bogie 20 which moves back and forth along the rails of the track 10 and has a cone-shaped hopper 21 concentrated to the center, and includes an engine unit 22 placed below one side of the hopper 21 at a given interval and a plurality of driving wheels 23 rotatably arrayed under the bogie 20 so as to drive the bogie 20 by the power of the engine unit 22; and conveyors 25 and 25' , one ends of which are placed below the discharge hole 24 formed in the center of the hopper 21 and the other ends of which are placed extended to respective sides of the hopper 21, and are pivotably mounted horizontally to the bogie 20 with the point of support being at the center of the discharge hole 24; wherein soil covering material is paved on the soft ground 100 on both sides of the track by the bogie 20 moving back and forth along the rails 15 and 15' and the drive of conveyors 25 and 25' .

The conveyors 25 and 25' are rotatably supported along the endless track by conveyor fixing bodies 26 and 26', and which further comprises a worm wheel 27 of a relatively large diameter that is rotatably installed on the bogie by a shaft from below the conveyor fixing bodies, a drive motor 33 mounted on the bogie 20 and a worm shaft 28 installed on one end of the drive motor, wherein the worm wheel 27 and conveyors 25 arid 25' are rotated by the worm shaft 28.

The apparatus of the present invention further comprises winches 29 installed on both sides of the top of the hopper 21 and a discharge plate 31 installed in the hopper 21 in a state fixed at one end of a rope 30 wound on the winch

29, so that as the discharge plate 31 is moved back and forth by the operation of the winch 29 the soil covering material in the hopper 21 smoothly drops along the cone-shaped hopper 21.

The apparatus of the present invention further comprises vibrators 32 mounted on the bottom of the hopper 21, so that vibration of the vibrators 32 is transmitted to the hopper 21 for the soil covering material in the hopper 21 to be discharged smoothly.

Below will be described in more detail a method for soil covering of soft ground using a track of load dispersion structure and a bidirectional conveyor bogie of the present invention through use of the soil covering apparatus according to the work process.

In the present invention, first a track 10 having a given interval is formed on the soft ground 100 for soil covering of the surface layer as shown in

Fig. 2. To install the track 10, first civil engineering fiber 11 is laid on the soft ground.

Such civil engineering fiber 11 is tough and very durable, so it expansively bears the pressure applied from above so that a given buttressing force, that is, the soil load-bearing capacity is reinforced to disperse the load.

With the civil engineering fiber 11 installed like this, a given quantity of soil covering material is placed on the end portion of the civil engineering fiber 11, that is, the civil engineering fiber 11 located at the side end of the soft ground 100. Since the civil engineering fiber 11 is restrained by the soil covering material, the civil engineering fiber is prevented from being pushed or moved by pressure or work load.

When positioning of such civil engineering fiber 11 is accomplished, first reinforcing earth in the form of soil covering material is laid over the civil engineering fiber 11, and longitudinal pipes and lateral pipes are arrayed in lattice form over the first reinforcing earth. These longitudinal pipes and lateral pipes are combined to form a lattice-shaped lattice bearer

13.

And, with the lattice bearer 13 formed, second reinforcing earth 12 in the form of soil covering material is laid over the lattice bearer 13 such that the lattice bearer 13 is buried by the second reinforcing earth 12.

In such a condition, sleepers 14 and 14' are arrayed on the lattice bearer 13 at a given interval. At this time, the bottom surfaces of sleepers 14 and 14' are made to be in surface contact with the top surface of the lattice bearer

13, so that the load applied to the sleepers 14 and 14' is transmitted across the whole of the lattice bearer 13. Further, the reinforcing earth 12 is laid to such an extent as to cover the side of the sleepers 14 and 14' as well, so that the position of the lattice bearer 13 and the position of the sleepers

14 and 14' can be maintained stably by the reinforcing earth.

Thus, when rails 15 and 15' having a given length are fixed on the sleepers

14 and 14', the track 10 according to the present invention is completed.

The track 10 formed as described above disperses concentrated load by dint of the civil engineering fiber 11 having a wide ground contact area with the soft ground 100, and the reinforcing earth 12 in the form of soil covering material disperses the load to prevent concentration of the load. Also, the lattice bearer 13 disperses the load applied to the sleepers 14 and 14' through the rails 15 and 15' so as to disperse the ground contact pressure uniformly.

Therefore, by transporting a large quantity of soil covering material using the track 10 with the ground contact pressure dispersed and minimized like this, the time required for paving work is shortened and the paving quantity can be greatly increased. Meanwhile, the apparatus for moving the soil covering material comprises a bogie 20 moving back and forth along rails 15 and 15' and a hopper 21 immovably formed on the bogie 20. The bogie 20 is provided with an engine unit 22 for driving the bogie 20 and a plurality of driving wheels 23.

Accordingly, when the engine unit 22 is operated, engine power is transmitted to a plurality of driving wheels 23, so that the bogie 20 can move back and forth along the rails 15 and 15',

At this time, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, conveyors 25 and 25' for discharging the soil covering material discharged from the hopper 21 onto the soft ground 100 is arranged between below the hopper 21 and above the bogie 20. The conveyors 25 and 25' are arranged facing both sides, and each inner end portion of the conveyors 25 and 25' is positioned below the bottom discharge hole 24 of the hopper 21. Accordingly, when the soil covering material in the hopper 21 is discharged through the discharge hole 24, the soil covering material is discharged to both sides of the track 10 by the rotating conveyors 25 and 25' .

There is a fear that the soil covering material is concentrated in only a certain location due to the limitation of work radius during paving work by conveyors 25 and 25'. To prevent this, the present invention adopts a structure in which the conveyors 25 and 25' can be rotated within a predetermined angle. Namely, the radius of paving work can be changed by changing the paving position of the soil covering material according to the rate of rotation of conveyors 25 and 25' .

Here, the conveyors 25 and 25' are positioned between bogie 20 and hopper 21 by the conveyor fixing bodies 26 and 26'. The bottom of the conveyor fixing bodies 26 and 26' is fixed by a worm wheel 27. The worm wheel 27 is rotatably mounted on the surface of the bogie 20.

The worm wheel 27 is screw meshed with the worm shaft 28 of a drive motor, so when the worm shaft 28 is rotated by the drive motor 33, the worm wheel 27 is rotated by transmitted power. Therefore, by the rotation of the worm wheel 27, the conveyor fixing bodies 26 and 26' and conveyors 25 and 25' are rotated together.

Accordingly, in the case of paving soil covering material first from the bogie 20 located on the track 10, both end portions of the conveyors 25 and 25' are arranged in the location close to the side of the hopper 21, so that the first paving is carried out so as to pave soil covering material on the ground adjacent to the track 10. If the conveyors 25 and 25' are rotated a little outward with the first paving completed, both ends of the conveyor become located outward of the location where the first paving was performed, so a second paving of soil covering material to be paved in a location further outward than the first paving is carried out.

By adjusting the angle of rotation of the conveyors 25 and 25' like this, the soil covering work of the soft ground included in the maximum angle of rotation of the conveyors 25 and 25' is performed sequentially by the moving back and forth of the bogie 20. By rotating a plurality of the driving wheels 23 by the engine unit 22 placed below one side of the hopper 21 at a given interval, the bogie 20 can drive itself but also the worker can ride on it to carry out paving work while moving it back and forth as well as manually controlling the angle of rotation of the conveyors 25 and 25' . Especially in paving the soil covering material discharged from the hopper 21 by the moving back and forth of the bogie 20, if the soil covering material in the hopper 21 is not discharged smoothly, a uniform soil covering surface layer cannot be formed. To prevent this, winches 29 are installed on both sides of the opened top of the hopper 21, as shown in Fig. 7, a rope 30 is wound on these winches 29, and then one end of the rope 30 is connected to a discharge plate 31 moving back and forth lengthwise on the upper side of the hopper 21. Accordingly, if winches 29 are driven simultaneously with the driving of the bogie 20 and the operation of conveyors 25 and 25', the soil covering material in the hopper 21 is discharged more smoothly and uniformly by the discharge plate 31 moved by the rope 30.

Also, if the aforementioned soil covering material contains a large quantity of water, its dischargeability significantly drops. To prevent this, it may be constructed in such a way that separate vibrators 32 are mounted at bottom of the hopper 21 so that the vibrators 32 apply repetitious vibration to the hopper 21. Namely, the vibrators 32 ensure the soil covering material in the hopper 21 is discharged uniformly without lumping together.

The sequence of work of soil covering the surface layer of soft ground using such a track 10 and bogie 20 will be described. As shown in Fig. 8, first the soil covering work in the central portion is carried out by using the track 10 installed in the central portion of soft ground to be worked on, and then the soil covering work is carried out gradually outward by alternating both side portions. Such a working method can prevent the ground from being settled or elevated to one side by the pressure acting on the soft ground.

[Industrial Applicability]

Thus, by the soil covering apparatus that enables the soft ground soil covering method according to the present invention, it is possible to cover soil over a large area of ground by a single track alone by loading a large quantity of soil covering material. Also, the aforementioned track properly uniformly disperses the concentrated load applied from the bogie and hopper, which are heavy objects, so that more smooth to-and-fro motion is possible and elevation or settlement of ground is suppressed.

Although the present invention has been described in connection with the exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawings, it is only illustrative. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalents can be made to the present invention. Therefore, the true technical scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims

[CLAIMS]

[Claim 1]

A method for soil covering of soft ground using a track of load dispersing structure and a bidirectional conveyor bogie, comprising the processes of: laying civil engineering fiber on the soft ground and covering a soil covering material on the end portion of the civil engineering fiber to restrain the civil engineering fiber so as to prevent moving; paving reinforcing earth in the form of said soil covering material on said civil engineering fiber , and arraying a plurality of longitudinal and lateral pipes on the paved first reinforcing earth to form a lattice bearer; paving reinforced earth in the form of soil covering material on said lattice bearer , and placing a plurality of sleepers on the paved second reinforcing earth at a given interval "> placing rails extending lengthwise on said sleepers at a given interval to form a track, so that a bogie having a paving means can move back and forth along the rails to perform paving; and paving the soil covering material stored in a hopper of said bogie on both sides of said track, wherein said paving process is performed extending symmetrically to both of outward directions from the central portion of the soft ground.

[Claim 2]

An apparatus for soil covering of soft ground using a track of load dispersing structure and a bidirectional conveyor bogie, comprising: a lattice bearer 13 which is buried in reinforcing earth 12 formed by paving soil covering material over the civil engineering fiber 11 laid on the soft ground 100, and consists of a plurality of pipe materials arrayed longitudinally and laterally; a track 10 having sleepers 14 and 14' arrayed on said lattice bearer 13 at a given interval and rails 15 and 15' arrayed and fixed on the sleepers 14 and 14' at a given interval, the top and side of which are buried by said reinforcing earth 12; a bogie 20 which moves back and forth along the rails of said track 10 and has a cone-shaped hopper 21 concentrated to the center, and includes an engine unit 22 placed below one side of the hopper 21 at a given interval and a plurality of driving wheels 23 rotatably arrayed under the bogie 20 so as to drive the bogie 20 by the power of the engine unit 22; and conveyors 25 and 25', one ends of which are placed below the discharge hole 24 formed in the center of said hopper 21 and the other ends of which are placed extended to respective sides of said hopper 21, and are pivotably mounted horizontally to said bogie 20 with the point of support being at the center of said discharge hole 24; wherein soil covering material is paved on the soft ground 100 on both sides of the track by the bogie 20 moving back and forth along said rails 15 and 15' and the drive of conveyors 25 and 25' .

[Claim 3]

The apparatus of Claim 2, wherein said conveyors 25 and 25' are rotatably supported along the endless track by conveyor fixing bodies 26 and 26' , and which further comprises a worm wheel 27 of a relatively large diameter that is rotatably installed on said bogie by a shaft from below the conveyor fixing bodies, a drive motor 33 mounted on said bogie 20 and a worm shaft 28 installed on one end of the drive motor, wherein said worm wheel 27 and conveyors 25 and 25' are rotated by the worm shaft 28.

[Claim 4]

The apparatus of Claim 2, further comprising winches 29 installed on both sides of the top of said hopper 21 and a discharge plate 31 installed in said hopper 21 in a state fixed at one end of a rope 30 wound on the winch 29, so that as the discharge plate 31 is moved back and forth by the operation of said winch 29 the soil covering material in the hopper 21 smoothly drops along the cone-shaped hopper 21.

[Claim 5]

The apparatus of Claim 2, further comprising vibrators 32 mounted on the bottom of said hopper 21, so that vibration of said vibrators 32 is transmitted to the hopper 21 for the soil covering material in the hopper 21 to be discharged smoothly.