WO2008058933A1 - Verfahren zum einrichten bidirektionaler datenübertragungspfade in einem drahtlosen vermaschten kommunikationsnetzwerk - Google Patents
Verfahren zum einrichten bidirektionaler datenübertragungspfade in einem drahtlosen vermaschten kommunikationsnetzwerk Download PDFInfo
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- WO2008058933A1 WO2008058933A1 PCT/EP2007/062215 EP2007062215W WO2008058933A1 WO 2008058933 A1 WO2008058933 A1 WO 2008058933A1 EP 2007062215 W EP2007062215 W EP 2007062215W WO 2008058933 A1 WO2008058933 A1 WO 2008058933A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/26—Route discovery packet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/32—Flooding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/48—Routing tree calculation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
- H04W76/12—Setup of transport tunnels
Definitions
- the invention is in the technical field of communications engineering and relates to a method for establishing bidirectional data transmission paths in a wireless meshed communication network.
- the invention further relates to a suitable for performing the method wireless mesh communication network.
- the smallest unit of a WLAN communication system is the radio cell in which access points can exchange data with multiple terminals.
- IEEE 802.11s A recent development within the IEEE 802.11 standard family called IEEE 802.11s, expected to be released in 2009 as the current standard, will standardize wireless communication between the network nodes.
- MP Mesh Point
- proactive, reactive or hybrid routing protocols can generally be implemented.
- a proactive routing protocol In communication networks with a proactive routing protocol, data transmission paths between source and destination network nodes are kept available for data transmission, which allows for fast data exchange, but in particular has the disadvantage that resources are reserved which may not be used for data exchange.
- a reactive routing protocol a data transmission path between source and destination network nodes is set up only when necessary, which is more advantageous in terms of resources, but is associated with a latency for the construction of the data transmission path.
- a wireless communication network based on the IEEE 802.11s standard will choose a hybrid routing protocol called Hybrid Wireless Mesh Protocol (HWMP) to select a data transmission path between source and destination network nodes. intended.
- HWMP Hybrid Wireless Mesh Protocol
- a logical topology in the form of one or more routing trees can be established on the physical topology of the network.
- a root MP periodically sends routing request messages to the other MPs, referred to as "proactive path requests", or PROQ (Path Request).
- PROQ Proactive path requests
- the MPs receive the PREQs, enter the appropriate path data into their routing tables, and thus establish a unidirectional data transfer path from the MP to the sending root MP.
- PREP routing response message
- the PREQs periodically sent out by the root MPs periodically update the unidirectional data transfer paths (paths) from the MPs to the root MPs so that the unidirectional paths of the routing tree can be adapted to changing conditions in the mesh network.
- newly added MPs to the mesh network can be integrated into routing trees or, for example, failure of a data link means that no longer functioning data transmission paths can be changed.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a method for setting up bidirectional data transmission paths in a wireless meshed communication network, with which the above-mentioned disadvantages can be avoided.
- a method for establishing a bidirectional data transmission path in a wireless meshed packet-switched (ad hoc) communication network is shown, on the physical topology of which a logical topology with at least one tree-like structure ("routing tree") is proactively established.
- an entry in a routing table (forwarding table) of the network node of the network receiving the RAN for the destination network node (root network node) can be created or updated containing the path metric and the next hop (that is, next network node on the path to the destination network node, which is the network node from which the RAN was obtained) to the destination network node.
- a hop count can also be stored in the routing tables, for example.
- the method for setting up the routing tree may be based on procedures implemented in the hybrid routing protocol HWMP.
- the routing request messages (RANs) may be proactive path requests (PREQs) according to the hybrid routing protocol HWMP.
- a first flag which can be put into two different states, is set up to control the transmission of a routing reply message.
- RWN Routing Response
- the RWN sets a second unidirectional data transmission path from the root network node to the network node generating the RWN.
- a routing table forwarding table
- the next hop that is, next Network node on the path to the network node, which is the RWN which is the network node from which the RWN was obtained
- a hop count can be stored in the routing tables.
- the Routing Response Message may be a Path Reply (PREP) according to the hybrid routing protocol HWMP.
- the root node receives the routing response message (RWN) and creates the second unidirectional communication path from the root node to the node that generated the RWN, thereby creating a bidirectional communication path between the root node and that node which RWN has generated is set up.
- RWN routing response message
- data packets are transmitted from one network node to another network node in a same layer (OSI model). This may in particular be layer 2 or layer 3.
- OSI model This may in particular be layer 2 or layer 3.
- the method according to the invention advantageously sets up a bidirectional data transmission path between a root network node and a network node of the routing tree only when data packets are actually transported on the data transmission path, so that the number of routing messages is relatively low.
- the return path from the root network node to the network node is also updated so that an updated bidirectional data transmission path between root network nodes and network nodes is available for data packet transmission and changes in the data transmission path. be it by a change in the path metric or be it by failure of a data link, respond quickly.
- the first flag In its first state, the first flag is for example “set”, that is to say put into a state “ON” or “1”, while in its second state it is “deleted”, ie in a state NEN state "OFF” or “0” is offset. Likewise, it is possible for the first flag in its first state to be set to the "OFF” state, while being set to its "ON” state in its second state.
- the first flag of a network node of the routing tree is set to the first state when the network node as the first network node ("source network node") of the communication network on the data transmission path to the root network node to a data packet for transmission receives the root network node ("destination network node").
- the network node receives the data packet from a layer (OSI model) which is higher than the layer within which the transmission of data packets takes place within the communication network.
- the first flag of a network node is put into its second state immediately after the sending of a routing reply message (RWN) to the root network node, which has the advantage that this procedure is followed by the procedures oriented to the routing protocol. In addition, no timer is needed.
- RWN routing reply message
- the first flag of a network node is placed in the second state only after a selectable first period of time has elapsed, with the sending of a data packet to the root network node as the destination network node for which the network node has a source network.
- Network node is started (which the network node has received as the first network node of the communication network on the data transmission path to the root network node), wherein the first time period at each transmission such a data packet, for which the network node is a source network node with the root network node as the destination network node, is reset to a start value of the selectable period of time.
- a network node generates and sends a routing response message (RWN) to the root network node when the network node receives a data packet as the source network node (the network node as the first network node of the communication network on the data transmission path to the root network node for transmission to the root network node), and for a certain second time period immediately preceding receipt of the data packet, no data packet as source network node (that is, no data packet for transmission to the root network node as the first network node of the communication network on the data transmission path to the root network node).
- RWN routing response message
- a network node can generate a routing reply message (RWN) and send it to the root network node if a second flag set up in the network node and capable of being put into two different states becomes a selectable second state is offset.
- RWN routing reply message
- the second flag In its first state, the second flag is for example “set”, that is to say put in a state “ON” or "1", while in its second state it is “cleared”, ie in a state "OFF” or “OFF”. 0 “is offset. Equally it is it is possible for the second flag in its first state to be set to the "OFF” state, while it is set to its "ON" state in its second state.
- a data packet is a first data packet of a data communication, which can be detected, for example, by the second flag being set in its second state
- the first flag of a network node is in the first one State when the network node sends a routing reply message (RWN) to the root network node before the first data packet (Dl) of a data communication.
- RWN routing reply message
- the routing response message (RWN) is sent to the root network node immediately after the reception of the routing request message (RAN).
- the routing response message (RWN) is sent with a time delay after receiving the routing request message (RAN) to the root network node (R).
- R root network node
- RWN routing response message
- the invention further relates to a method for setting up a bidirectional data transmission path in a wireless meshed packet-switched communication network as described above, which can be combined in particular with the method described above.
- this method when the first flag is set to its selectable first state, upon a detected change of the first unidirectional data transmission path to the root network node, one, a second unidirectional data transmission path is added
- Node-Specifying Routing Response Message is sent to the root node, establishing a bidirectional communication path between the root node and the hub.
- the invention further extends to a wireless meshed packet-switched (ad hoc) communication network as described above which is arranged to perform a method as described above.
- the invention extends to a network node of a wireless meshed packet-switched (ad hoc) communication network as described above, on which a machine-readable program code as described above is executed.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the inventive wireless mesh communication network with the routing tree set up;
- Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the routing of data packets D1 as source network nodes and the routing of data packets D2 as non-source network nodes in the communications network of Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the method according to the invention carried out on a network node in the communication network of Fig. 1;
- FIG. 4 illustrates in a schematic diagram a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, which is executed on a network node in the communication network of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the wireless meshed packet-switched ad hoc communication network (mesh network) according to the invention.
- the mesh network comprises a plurality - here by way of example eight - network nodes (mesh points) R, M1, M2,..., M7, which mesh over 14 wireless physical point-to-point data links L1, L2,..., L14 connected to each other.
- the root network node R via a first data link Ll to the third network node M3, via a third data link L3 to the second network node M2 and a sixth data link L6 to the first network node Ml data technology wirelessly connected.
- the second network node M2 is data-technologically connected via an eighth data link L8 to the third network node M3. All further information on the data links and the network nodes are to be understood in an analogous manner.
- a proactive routing tree is set up by the root network node R as a root node to all network nodes M1, M2,..., M7, the data links belonging to the routing tree, namely the first data link L1, the third data link L3, the sixth data link L6, the second data link L2, the fourth data link L4, the fifth data link L5 and the seventh data link L7, are drawn in FIG. 1 with solid, bold lines, while the remaining data links not belonging to the routing tree with broken, thin lines are drawn.
- the establishment of the routing tree is based on standard mechanisms using distance vectors and link-state protocols, as provided in the HWMP routing protocol of the IEEE 802.11s standard.
- the root network node R periodically sends routing request messages (RANs) broadcast to all network nodes Ml, M2, ..., M7 of the communication network, which specify the data transmission path to the root network node and to update the routing tables the network nodes Ml, M2, ..., M7 serve.
- RANs routing request messages
- a unidirectional data transmission path from the seventh network node M7 via the second data link L2 and the first data link L1, with the interposition of the third network node M3, to the root network node R proactive set For example, a unidirectional data transmission path from the fifth network node M5 via the fifth data link L5 and the third data link L3, with the interposition of the second network node M2, to the root network node R proactive set. All further ren proactive unidirectional data transmission paths from the network nodes Ml, M2, ..., M7 to the root network node R are to be understood in a corresponding manner.
- an RWN response flag is set as the first flag, which can be set ("1") or cleared ("0").
- this network node sends a response message (RWN) to the node Root network node R to set up the return path for transmission of (payload) data packets from the root network node R to this network node.
- RWN response message
- the RWN response flag is set in a network node Ml, M2,..., M7 and this network node detects, for example by an error message indicating a failed data link, that the data transmission path has changed from this network node to the root network node In this case as well, this network node sends a response message RWN to the root network node R for the return path for the transmission of
- the RWNs are messages of the type that are provided in the HWMP routing protocol of the IEEE 802.11s standard (PREPs), but are only sent out there before the start of data communication, ie before the first data packet is sent.
- PREPs IEEE 802.11s standard
- a network node Ml, M2,..., M7 For setting or clearing the RWN response flag in a network node Ml, M2,..., M7, it is essential whether a network node Ml, M2,..., M7 has data packets from a higher layer above that for transmitting data packets within of the communication network mesh received between the network nodes or whether a network node receives data packets only from another network node.
- the data packets for which a network node is a source network node are referred to as data packets "Dl", while data packets for which a network node is not a source network node are referred to as data packets "D2".
- the data packets D1 originate from higher layers (OSI model), such as applications, Internet protocol layer or IEEE 802.1D bridging, which are denoted overall by S2 in FIG. 2, and, as shown in FIG bottom arrow is indicated, in the wireless mesh layer, which serves the data transmission within the mesh network and is designated in Fig. 2 with Sl, transferred and then transmitted between the network nodes.
- OSI model OSI model
- S2 Internet protocol layer
- FIG bottom arrow is indicated, in the wireless mesh layer, which serves the data transmission within the mesh network and is designated in Fig. 2 with Sl, transferred and then transmitted between the network nodes.
- a self-network node can thus be a source network node for data packets D1 and not a source network node for data packets D2.
- a destination network node forwards the data packets D2 into one of the higher layers S2, which is not shown in greater detail in FIG. Only network nodes which receive data packets D1 from the higher layers S2 are
- Source node and set and clear the RWN response flag are not source network nodes and do not set and clear the RWN response flag.
- all RWN response flags of network nodes M1, M2, ... M7 (default) are cleared (0).
- all RWN sent flags of network nodes Ml, M2, ... M7 are cleared (default) (0).
- the root network node R periodically floods the mesh network with RANs, so that each network node, after receiving a RAN, can enter a corresponding data transmission path to the root network node R in its routing table.
- a network node When a network node receives a RAN, an entry in a routing table (forwarding table) of the network's RAN-receiving network node is created or updated for the destination network node (root node) which sends the path metric and the next hop to the destination Network node, that is, the next network node on the path to the destination network node.
- a hop count can be stored in the routing tables.
- the method for establishing the routing tree is based on procedures implemented in the hybrid routing protocol HWMP, wherein the routing request messages (RANs) are proactive path requests (PREQs) according to the hybrid routing protocol HWMP. This process step is performed by all network nodes regardless of whether they are source network nodes or not.
- the fifth network node M5 receives data packets D1 from a higher layer S2 and thus serves as a source network node.
- the fifth network node M5 receives a periodically transmitted request message RAN from the root network node R, the fifth network node M5 enters the data transmission path specified with this RAN into its routing table or overwrites the previous entry and thus periodically updates its unidirectional data transmission path to the root Network node R.
- the fifth network node M5 In a request for the transmission of data packets Dl to the root network node R, ie before the transmission of the first data packet of a data communication, the fifth network node M5 generates and sends a routing response message RWN to the root network node R.
- the root Network node R receives the RWN and enters the corresponding data transmission path to the fifth network node M5 in its routing table so as to provide a unidirectional data transmission path (return path) from the root network node to the fifth network node M5 and thus a bi-directional data transmission path between the root network node R and the fifth Set up network node M5.
- All data packets sent within a certain period of time after the last data packet D1 from the fifth network node M5 are regarded as "further” data packets. If the fifth network node M5 does not send a data packet D1 during the stated time period, then each data packet sent after this time has elapsed is regarded as a "first" data packet. Through this predetermined period of time, a distinction is made between various "data communications".
- the fifth network node M5 can determine, by the state of its RWN sent flag, whether a data packet D1 is a "first" data packet or a further data packet of a same data communication.
- the RWN sent flag is set, that is, set to ON / 1 when either an RWN before the first data packet D1 or an RWN is sent in response to a received RAN when the RWN response flag is set.
- the RWN sent flag is cleared, that is, set to OFF / 0, with each received RAN that would fire an RWN when the RWN response flag is set.
- RWN sent flag is not accidentally deleted when a second RAN of the current root Announcements is received (same sequence number or identifier), but due to this no RWN is sent to the root network node because the path metric of the second RAN is worse than the path metric of the first RAN.
- the RWN sent flag must not be reset now, as otherwise another RWN would be sent before the next data packet D1. It is advantageous to clear the RWN sent flag only when the RWN response flag is cleared. As a result, no additional RWN is sent if a data packet D1 is to be sent between the RAN and the associated RWN.
- a data packet D1 is considered as the first data packet if in the fifth network node M5 the RWN sent flag is deleted, whereas a data packet D1 is considered as another data packet if in the fifth network node M5 the RWN sent flag is set is.
- a response message RWN is sent to the root network node R on the basis of a first data packet D1
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 is set.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 is set only when sending a data packet Dl from the fifth network node M5 to the root network node R.
- the second flag-setting variant is advantageous over the first flag-setting variant, since it is not necessary to query another condition, whereby the implementation is facilitated.
- the fifth network node M5 If the fifth network node M5 receives a periodically transmitted routing request message RAN from the root network node R, the fifth network node M5 carries the one specified with this RAN
- the fifth network node M5 also sends a response message RWN to the root network node R .
- Root node R receives the RWN and carries it with it RWN specified data transmission path to the fifth network node M5 in its routing table or overwrites the previous entry, so as to establish or update a unidirectional data transmission path (return path) from the root network node to the fifth network node M5, and thus a bidirectional Set up data transmission path between the root network node and the fifth network node M5.
- the root network node R sends periodic request messages RANs in the broadcast method to the network nodes Ml, M2, ..., M7.
- each network node Ml, M2,..., M7 can also receive a same routing request message several times, each routing request message specifying a different data transmission path to the root network node R with an optionally different path metric ,
- each network node Ml, M2,..., M7 can distinguish the periodically transmitted from the root network node R different routing request messages (RANs).
- the fifth network node M5 can immediately make a routing response in accordance with a first RWN transmission variant of the method according to the invention Message RWN to root node R. If the fifth network node M5 receives further routing request messages RANs with the same sequence number or identifier from the root network node R, the fifth network node M5 in turn immediately sends a routing response message RWN for each RAN with a better path metric to the root network node R. This means that as long as routing reply messages RWN are sent from the fifth network node M5 to the root network node R until no routing request messages with better path metrics are received any more.
- the fifth network node M5 receives a periodically transmitted routing request message RAN from the root network node R and if the RWN response flag is set, the fifth network node M5 only transmits according to a preferred second RWN transmission variant of the method according to the invention a selectable waiting time after receipt of the RAN, a routing response message RWN to the root network node R. All during this waiting time from the fifth network node M5 received routing request messages RAN (with the same sequence number or ID) are analyzed with respect to the path metric, wherein the fifth network node M5 sends a routing response message RWN for the RAN with the least expensive path metric to the root network node R.
- the data transmission path from the fifth network node M5 to the root network node R changes for a reason other than receiving a RAN and the RWN response flag is set, then it is also possible to have a routing response.
- Message RWN generated by the fifth network node M5 and sent to the root network node R This can be the case, for example, if the fifth network node M5 receives an error message which codes the failure of a data link in the data transmission path or detects the failure of an adjacent data link via a hardware detector.
- the RWN response flag is reset to 0 immediately after the transmission of an RWN in response to the receipt of a RAN from the fifth network node M5. If the fifth network node M5 does not send data packets D1 within the time interval for the periodic transmission of RANs by the root network node R, received RANs will no longer be answered with an RWN. For each data packet Dl sent during this time interval, the RWN response flag is reset.
- the RWN response flag after elapse of a selectable period of time after the transmission of an RWN in response to the receipt of a RAN, before a first data packet D1 or a change of the data transmission path, becomes the fifth Network node M5 reset to 0.
- a timer for measuring the timing of the selectable period of time with each of the fifth network node M5 to the root network node R data packet sent Dl is reset to the starting value.
- the start value of the Tiout should be greater than the time interval for the periodic transmission of RANs by the root network node R, so that at all RANs arrive at a set RWN response flag at the fifth network node M5.
- the second flag-reset variant depends on the data traffic.
- An advantage of the first flag reset variant is that no additional timer is needed.
- An advantage of the second flag reset variant is that it is very easy to implement.
- the fifth network node M5 does not transmit data packets D1 within the time interval for the periodic transmission of RANs by the root network node R, received RANs are no longer answered with an RWN. For each while Data packet Dl sent this time interval, the RWN response flag is set again.
- the parameters of the RWN which the fifth network node M5 sends to the root network node R are set according to the rules of HWMP or RM-AODV / AODV underlying the HWMP.
- the Lifetime in the RWN is set to the Lifetime included in the RAN or proactive RREQ.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an embodiment of the inventive method in the communication network of Fig. 1, the first flag reset variant realizing to reset (erase) the RWN response flag is.
- the line “FL" represents the state of the RWN response flag, which may be cleared (0) or set (1).
- the line M5 represents the fifth network node M5, which serves as a source network node. Arrows which hit the line M5 symbolize data packets received by the fifth network node M5. Arrows which depart from the line M5 symbolize data packets sent by the fifth network node M5.
- the lines FL and M5 respectively run from top to bottom, whereby a temporal course is shown.
- Various situations during the process of establishing bidirectional data transmission paths between the fifth network node M5 and the root network node R are represented by the letters A-L.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 is not shown. By default, the RWN response flag and the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 are cleared.
- the fifth network node M5 receives a routing request message RAN from the root network node R transmits the data transmission path specified therein into its routing table or updates the corresponding entry in its routing table, so as to establish a unidirectional data transmission path from the fifth network node M5 to the root network node R, updates the RAN and sends this modified RAN with a small time delay to the next network nodes on.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains cleared.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains cleared.
- the fifth network node M5 receives a data packet D2 from another network node, for example the second network node M2, and forwards this data packet D2 to another network node.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains cleared.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains cleared.
- the fifth network node M5 again receives a data packet D2 from another network node, for example the second network node M2, and forwards this data packet D2 to another network node.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains cleared.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains cleared.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another (recently generated) request message RAN with a sequence number different from the previous RAN from the root user.
- Network node R updates the corresponding entry in its routing table so as to establish an updated unidirectional data transmission path from the fifth network node M5 to the root network node R, updates the RAN and forwards this modified RAN to the next network nodes with a slight time delay ,
- the RWN response Flag of the fifth network node M5 remains deleted.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains cleared.
- the fifth network node M5 receives a data packet Dl from a higher layer (S2), ie a layer above the mesh network of the mesh network within which the network nodes exchange data packets, which the fifth network node M5 to the Root network node R should transmit. This is not shown in detail in FIG.
- the fifth network node M5 Even before the data packet Dl is sent to the root network node R, ie even before the first data packet Dl is sent out, the fifth network node M5 generates and sends a response message RWN to the root network node R.
- the root network node R receives the RWN and enters the corresponding data transmission path to the fifth network node M5 in its routing table so as to provide a unidirectional data transmission path (return path) from the root network node to the fifth network node M5 and in this way a bidirectional data transmission path between the fifth network node M5 and the root node Set up network node R.
- the fifth network node M5 sets its RWN sent flag.
- the fifth network node M5 sends the data packet Dl to the root network node R.
- the fifth network node M5 sets its RWN response flag.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another data packet D1, which is not shown in detail in FIG. 3, and sends the data packet D1 to the root network node R.
- RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another data packet D1, which is not shown in detail in FIG. and sends the data packet Dl to the root network node R.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another data packet D1, which is not shown in detail in FIG. 3, and sends the data packet D1 to the root network node R.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set ,
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another (newly generated) routing request message RAN with a different sequence number from the previous RAN from the root network node R, updates the corresponding entry in its routing table, thus updating Set up unidirectional data transmission path from the fifth network node M5 to the root network node R, updates the RAN and sends this modified RAN with a small time delay to the next network nodes.
- the fifth network node M5 clears its RWN sent flag or leaves it set because its RWN response flag is set.
- the fifth network node M5 Since the fifth network node M5 has received a periodically transmitted request message RAN from the root network node R and since the RWN response flag is set, the fifth network node M5 generates and sends a response message RWN, for example with a slight time delay to the root network node R. The fifth network node M5 sets its
- the root node R receives the RWN and overwrites the corresponding data transfer path to the fifth node M5 in its routing table so as to update its unidirectional data transfer path (return path) from the root node R to the fifth node M5. Due to the time delay until the RWN is sent to the root network node R after receipt of the RAN, the probability that even more RANs with better path metric (and same sequence number) will be received by the fifth network node M5 after the transmission of the routing response message RWN are decreased, thereby reducing the number of RWNs sent to the root network node R.
- the RWN response flag is cleared with the transmission of the response message RWN.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another data packet Dl intended for the root network node R, which is not shown in detail in FIG. 3, and sends the data packet D1 to the root network node R.
- the RWN response Flag of the fifth network node M5 is set.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another data packet D1, which is not shown in detail in FIG. 3, and sends the data packet D1 to the root network node R.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another (newly generated) request message RAN with a changed sequence number from the root network node R compared to the previous RAN, updates the corresponding entry in its routing table, thus updating a unidirectional one
- the fifth network node M5 clears its RWN sent flag or leaves it set since its RWN response flag is set.
- the fifth network node M5 Since the fifth network node M5 receives a periodically transmitted routing request message RAN from the root network node R and since the RWN response flag is set, the fifth network node M5 generates a routing response message RWN and sends the RWN, for example the root node R receives the RWN and overwrites the corresponding data transmission path to the fifth node M5 in its routing table, so its unidirectional data transmission path (return path) from the root node R to the fifth Update network node M5.
- the RWN response flag is cleared with the transmission of the response message RWN.
- the RWN sent flag is set with sending the RWN.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another (re-generated) routing request message RAN with a different sequence number from the root RN of the previous RAN, updates the corresponding entry in its routing table, thus updating a unidirectional one
- Setting up the data transmission path from the fifth network node M5 to the root network node R updates the RAN and forwards this modified RAN to the next network nodes with a slight time delay.
- the fifth network node M5 receives a periodically transmitted request message RAN from the root network node R, however, since the RWN response flag is cleared, the fifth network node M5 does not generate a response message RWN and does not send a corresponding RWN to the root network node R.
- the RWN sent flag is cleared upon receipt of the RAN.
- FIG. 4 shows in a schematic diagram a further embodiment of the method according to the invention in the communication network of FIG Fig. 1 is explained, wherein the second flag-reset variant for resetting the RWN response flag is realized.
- the line "FL" represents the state of the RWN response flag and the line M5 the fifth network node M5.
- the timing of a counting timer TI is for resetting of the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5, which counts from a start time t to the expiration time zero of a presettable time period t.
- the start value of the timeout is greater than the time interval for the periodic transmission of RANs by the root network node R, so that at all RANs arrive at a set RWN response flag at the fifth network node M5.
- Various situations during the process of establishing bidirectional data transmission paths between the fifth network node M5 and the root network node R are represented by the letters A-L.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 is not shown.
- the RWN response flag may also be used in place of the RWN sent flag to determine whether a data packet D1 is a first data packet (RWN response flag is deleted) or another data packet (RWN response flag is set). By default, the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 is cleared. By default, the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 is cleared.
- the fifth network node M5 receives a request message RAN from the root network node R, transfers the data transmission path specified therein into its routing table or updates the corresponding entry in its routing table, thus providing a unidirectional data transmission path set up from the fifth network node M5 to the root network node R, updates the RAN and sends this modifi- graced RAN with a short delay to the next network nodes.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains cleared.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains deleted.
- the fifth network node M5 receives a data packet D2 from another network node, for example the second network node M2, and forwards this data packet D2 to another network node.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains cleared. The RWN
- the fifth network node M5 again receives a data packet D2 from another network node, for example the second network node M2, and forwards this data packet D2 to another network node.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains cleared.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains extinguished.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another (recently generated) request message RAN with a sequence number different from the previous RAN from the root network node R, updates the corresponding entry in its routing table, so as to obtain an updated unidirectional message.
- Establish nalen data transmission path from the fifth network node M5 to the root network node R updates the RAN and sends this modified RAN, for example, with a small time delay to the next network nodes.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains cleared.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains cleared.
- the fifth network node M5 receives a data packet Dl from a higher layer (S2), that is one Layer above the wireless mesh layer of the mesh network, within which the network nodes exchange data packets, which should transmit the fifth network node M5 to the root network node R. This is not shown in detail in FIG. 4.
- the fifth network node M5 Even before the data packet Dl is sent to the root network node R, ie before the first data packet Dl is sent out, the fifth network node M5 generates and sends a response message RWN to the root network node R.
- the root network node R receives the RWN and enters the corresponding data transmission path to the fifth network node M5 in its routing table so as to provide a unidirectional data transmission path (return path) from the root network node to the fifth network node M5 and thus a bidirectional data transmission path between the fifth network node M5 and the root network node R to set up.
- the fifth network node M5 sets its RWN sent flag.
- the fifth network node M5 sends the data packet Dl to the root network node R, sets its RWN response flag and starts the timer TI with the start time t.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another data packet D1, which is not shown in detail in FIG. 4, and sends the data packet D1 to the root network node R.
- RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the timer TI is reset to the start time t and started again.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another data packet D1, which is not shown in detail in FIG. 4, and sends the data packet D1 to the root network node R.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the timer TI is reset to the start time t and started again.
- the fifth network node M5 receives a further data packet D1, which is not shown in greater detail in FIG. 4, and sends the data packet D1 to the root network node R.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains continue to set.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the timer TI is reset to the start time t and started again.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another (newly generated) routing request message RAN with a sequence number different from the previous RAN from the root network node R, updates the corresponding entry in its routing table, thus updating a unidirectional data transmission path from the fifth network node M5 to the root network node R, updates the RAN and forwards this modified RAN to the next network node with a slight time delay.
- the fifth network node M5 clears its RWN sent flag or sets it because its RWN response flag is set.
- the fifth network node M5 Since the fifth network node M5 has received a periodically transmitted routing request message RAN from the root network node R and since the RWN response flag is set, the fifth network node M5 generates a routing response message RWN and transmits the RWN to the root network node R, for example with a small time delay.
- the fifth network node M5 sets its RWN sent flag.
- the root network node R receives the RWN and overwrites the corresponding data transmission path to the fifth network node M5 in its routing table so as to update its data transmission path (return path) from the root network node R to the fifth network node M5.
- the RWN response flag still remains set.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another data packet D1, which is not shown in detail in FIG. 4, and sends the data packet D1 to the root network node R.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the timer TI is reset to the start time t and started again.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another data packet D1, which is not shown in detail in FIG. 4, and sends the data packet D1 to the root network node R.
- the RWN response flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the RWN sent flag of the fifth network node M5 remains set.
- the timer TI is reset to the start time t and started again.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another (newly generated) routing request message RAN with a different sequence number from the previous RAN
- Root node R updates the corresponding entry in its routing table so as to establish an updated unidirectional data transfer path from fifth node M5 to root node R, updates the RAN and sends this modified RAN with a small time delay, for example to the next network nodes on.
- the fifth network node M5 clears or leaves its RWN sent flag because its RWN response flag is set. Since the fifth node M5 receives a periodic request message RAN from the root node R and since the RWN response flag is set to "1", the fifth node M5 generates and sends a routing reply message RWN The root node R receives the RWN and overwrites the corresponding data transmission path to the fifth node M5 in its routing network. Table, so as to update its data transmission path (return path) from the root network node R to the fifth network node M5. According to the second flag reset variant for the RWN response flag, the RWN response flag still remains set. The RWN sent flag is set.
- the fifth network node M5 receives another (newly generated) routing request message RAN with a different sequence number from the previous RAN from the root network node R, updates the corresponding entry in its routing table, thus updating an unidirectional data transmission path from Set up fifth network node M5 to the root network node R, updates the RAN and sends this modified RAN, for example, with a small delay to the next network nodes.
- the fifth network node M5 receives a periodically transmitted routing request message RAN from the root network node R, however, since the RWN response flag is cleared, the fifth network node M5 does not generate a response message RWN and does not send a corresponding RWN to the root Node R. The RWN sent flag is cleared.
- N number of network nodes
- H path length between a network node and the root network node
- dH average path length from all network nodes to the root network node
- RAI Duration of the routing request message (RAN)
- RWN the number of RAN equals: ara * N.
- RAI 5 s
- Example 1 5674 Routing Messages Comparative Example 1: 5431 Routing Messages Comparative Example 2: 21720 Routing Messages
- the general idea of this invention which improves the non-registra- tion mode, comprises: that RANs are always answered with a RWN by a network node only if that network node sends data packets D1 to the root network node and that network node transmits the source Network node of these data packets Dl;
- an RWN response flag which determines if an RWN should be sent in response to a RAN.
- OFF / 0 means that no RWN is sent
- ON / 1 means that an RWN will be sent as an answer on receipt of a RAN to the root node;
- RWN response flag ON / 1] AND [[network node has received RAN] OR [Path to root node has changed]].
- the mechanisms of the method according to the invention are executed only by network nodes which are source network nodes of data packets D1 and which are sent to the root network node R. That is, the data packets come from a higher layer in these network nodes and this network node is the first node of this mesh connection. Intermediate nodes, which receive data packets D2 and forward them to other network nodes according to their routing table, do not need to observe the mechanisms described in the method according to the invention for these data packets D2. In particular, due to such data packets D2, no RWN is sent to the root network node and also the RWN response flag is not set.
- the method according to the invention makes it possible for the round-trip paths for transmitting data packets between network nodes and root network nodes to run via the same network nodes when data is exchanged between these two network nodes. Round-trip paths run along the best path. Failures of data links (link breaks) can be remedied by the method according to the invention both for the outward path and for the return path. Failures of data links on the return path from the root node to the node do not need to be addressed with the more sophisticated AODV route recovery mechanisms.
- the RWN response flag provides a simple decision method of whether to send an RWN in response to a RAN.
- the various methods for resetting the RWN response flag provide a flexible design, such as the use of a security time after the last data packet in which an RWN is still being sent and thus the return path from the root network node to the network node is still maintained.
- you can Also changes of the data transmission path in the intermediate nodes for the return direction can be updated.
- the additional enhancement of sending an RWN to the root network node with the RWN response flag set even if the data transmission path from the network node to the root node changes for any reason other than obtaining a RAN may alter the trail be forwarded to the return path so that it is updated accordingly.
- Using Lifetime from the RAN or from the proactive RREQ for the Lifetime in the sent RWN will ensure equal availability of the round trip path.
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Abstract
Description
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ES07822499T ES2375227T3 (es) | 2006-11-13 | 2007-11-12 | Procedimiento para establecer rutas bidireccionales de transmisión de datos en una red de comunicaciones inalámbrica enmallada. |
PL07822499T PL2090037T3 (pl) | 2006-11-13 | 2007-11-12 | Sposób ustawiania dwukierunkowych ścieżek transmisji danych w bezprzewodowej kratowej sieci komunikacyjnej |
EP07822499A EP2090037B1 (de) | 2006-11-13 | 2007-11-12 | Verfahren zum einrichten bidirektionaler datenübertragungspfade in einem drahtlosen vermaschten kommunikationsnetzwerk |
US12/514,503 US8780920B2 (en) | 2006-11-13 | 2007-11-12 | Method for establishing bidirectional data transmission paths in a wireless meshed communication network |
JP2009536714A JP5021757B2 (ja) | 2006-11-13 | 2007-11-12 | メッシュ型無線通信網において双方向のデータ伝送経路を確立するための方法 |
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ATE528890T1 (de) | 2011-10-15 |
PL2090037T3 (pl) | 2012-03-30 |
CN102523615A (zh) | 2012-06-27 |
EP2090037B1 (de) | 2011-10-12 |
JP2010509877A (ja) | 2010-03-25 |
JP5021757B2 (ja) | 2012-09-12 |
ES2375227T3 (es) | 2012-02-27 |
US8780920B2 (en) | 2014-07-15 |
CN102523615B (zh) | 2014-12-10 |
EP2090037A1 (de) | 2009-08-19 |
US20100214960A1 (en) | 2010-08-26 |
DE102007031341A1 (de) | 2008-05-15 |
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