WO2008055410A1

WO2008055410A1 - A permanent magnet motor and its driving method

Info

Publication number: WO2008055410A1
Application number: PCT/CN2007/003085
Authority: WO
Inventors: Tianfa Song; Shizheng He; Manyau Cheung
Original assignee: Tianfa Song; Shizheng He; Manyau Cheung
Priority date: 2006-11-06
Filing date: 2007-10-30
Publication date: 2008-05-15
Also published as: CN1945958A; CN100433533C

Abstract

A permanent magnet motor and its driving method, the motor includes a rotor (5) and stators (4) fixed to a shell (8), the rotor is no less than a pair of axial polar magnets (6) inserted on a plate, the polarities of two adjacent magnets are opposite, the stator is made of magnet-conduction materials and it comprises two sets of same number of salient poles (4a, 4b) at either side of the rotor plate, the corresponding salient poles of the two sets of salient poles are shifted on the circumferential direction, windings (13) which are electrically connected to a controller are arranged on the salient poles of the stator, the controller is electrically connected to a sensor (10) sensing the rotation angle of the rotor.

Description

Permanent magnet type motor and driving method thereof

The invention belongs to the technical field of motors, in particular to permanent magnet motors.

Background technique

The present invention has a problem that the starting current is about 5-6 times the rated current, and the starting torque is only 0.80. 2 times or so, so it consumes a lot of energy, and it has the disadvantages of large volume, large amount of consumables, and complicated structure.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a driving method and device for a permanent magnet type motor rotor. The permanent magnet motor designed by the method has the advantages of easy starting, small starting current, strong overload capability, energy saving, simple structure and small volume. Light weight and long service life.

The driving method of the permanent magnet motor rotor of the present invention is (see the embodiment diagram): a stator (4) and a rotor (5) are provided, and a permanent magnet (6) is arranged on the rotor, and the stator is made of a magnetic conductive material. And a salient pole pair (4a, 4b) coupled to each rotor permanent magnet (6), characterized in that: stator salient poles (4a), (4b) constituting each stator salient pole pair are along the rotor The circumferential direction of the operation is offset by an angle such that the central axis of the rotor permanent magnet balanced between the two is offset from the central axis of the stator salient pole, The stator salient pole is provided with a winding (13) electrically connected to the controller, and each time the rotor permanent magnet and the stator salient pole are attracted to each other to an equilibrium position between the salient poles of the corresponding stator salient poles at a circumferentially offset angle When the stator winding is energized, a tangential force is generated to the rotor permanent magnet, and the balance position is turned, and the next permanent magnet of opposite polarity is sucked, thereby keeping the rotor continuously rotating.

The permanent magnet motor structure adopting the method of the invention is (see the embodiment diagram): a casing (8) is provided, and a rotor (5) mounted on the main shaft (1) and a stator fixed relative to the casing are arranged in the casing. (4) characterized in that: the rotor (5) is a permanent magnet (6) having an axial polarity of not less than a pair embedded in the circumferential direction of the disk of the non-magnetic material, The S poles of two adjacent permanent magnets are arranged opposite to each other. The stator (4) is made of a magnetically permeable material and is provided with two sets of salient poles (4a, 4b) of the same number. The two sets of salient poles are respectively arranged at On both sides of the rotor (5) disk body, the corresponding salient poles of the two sets of salient poles form a salient pole pair, and the two salient poles of each salient pole pair are offset in the circumferential direction so as to enter between the salient poles and the two convex The central axis of the permanent magnet in which the pole coupling is in equilibrium is offset from the central axis of the stator salient pole. The stator salient pole is provided with a winding (13) electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected with a sensor capable of sensing the rotation angle of the rotor.

The working principle of the device of the invention is: in static state, the permanent magnet mounted on the rotor and the stator made of the magnetic conductive material attract each other, and are transferred between the salient poles (4a, 4b) of the pair of stator salient poles, and the axial direction is forever The N and S poles of the magnet are respectively in equilibrium with the two salient poles on both sides of the rotor disc body. Since the salient poles of the two stators are offset by an angle in the circumferential direction, the central axis of the permanent magnet and the center of the salient poles of the two stators When the axis is staggered, the "dead point" of the circumferential torque cannot be generated when the permanent magnet and the salient pole center axis coincide with each other. At this time, a pulse current is applied to the stator salient winding, and a permanent cut is generated between the axis and the permanent magnet. To The electromagnetic field force (circumferential torque) causes the permanent magnet to rotate out of the equilibrium position, and at the same time, the stator salient winding attracts the next-order permanent magnet of opposite polarity to the salient pole pair, and then energizes through the stator winding. The permanent magnet tangential force is turned out of the equilibrium position to complete the continuous rotation of the rotor.

The invention can make the permanent magnet always at a position offset from the central axis of the salient pole of the stator when the stator winding is energized, thereby ensuring a circumferential torque between the salient pole of the stator and the rotor, and rotating the rotor, which is easy to start. The starting current is small, because the rotor of the present invention does not have a winding, so there is no armature reaction, and the operating current is reduced. The starting current of the present invention can be the operating current after the load.

50%, in addition to the rotor during the above-mentioned rotation process, part of the work is intermittently relying on the magnetic attraction between the permanent magnet and the stator, and part of it is intermittently powered by the energized electromagnetic field, which can fully utilize the magnetic field force, thus having obvious energy saving effect. Moreover, the working efficiency is high and the starting torque is large. The stator salient pole of the device of the invention is arranged on both sides of the rotor axial direction, and the radius is reduced, and has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, light weight and long service life.

DRAWINGS

Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention

Figure 2, Figure 1 A-A structure of the rotor 5

Figure 3, Figure 1 shows the relative position of the H-direction relatives of the stator salient poles 4a, 4b coupled to the two sides of the permanent magnet 6 on the rotor

4, FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the working process of the rotor permanent magnet 6 and the stator salient poles 4a, 4b (this figure shows that the actual positions of the permanent magnet 6 and the stator salient pole 4 are rotated 90 degrees toward the center of the circle to visually indicate The relative angle between them during the work process) 1 - Spindle 2-end plate 3 - Adjusting plate 4 - Stator 4a, 4b - Stator salient pole 5 - Rotor 6 - Permanent magnet 7 - Positioning sleeve 8 - Case 9 - Adjusting rod 10 - Sensor 11 - Fan 12 - Dustproof Cover 13-winding specific implementation:

The structure of the permanent magnet motor adopting the method of the invention is as follows: Referring to Fig. 1, the two ends of the casing 8 are provided with end plates 2 through screws, and the main shaft 1 is connected to the end plates 2 at both ends of the casing 8 through bearings. Two sets of rotors 5 and 4 having the same structure are respectively mounted on both sides of the main shaft 1 and separated by a positioning sleeve 7.

The structure of each set of rotor and stator is: The rotor 5 fixed on the main shaft 1 through the key groove is a disc body, and is formed by potting with a reinforced fiber resin. Referring to FIG. 2, the permanent magnet 6 is uniformly circumferentially embedded in the rotor circle. On the disk body, the permanent magnet N and S pole directions are parallel to the main axis direction, and the adjacent permanent magnets have opposite polarities, and the stator 4 is a salient pole structure formed by double-sided insulated cold-rolled silicon steel sheets. a winding 13 is wound around the salient pole, and the stator salient poles are divided into two groups 4a, 4b of the same number, which are respectively fixed on the two sides of the disc rotor 5 by screws, and are fixed opposite to the casing 8, and are opposed to each other. On the adjusting plate 3 of the rotor disk surface, the windings of the two sets of salient poles are respectively connected in series or in parallel. In this example, the rotor 5 is uniformly provided with six permanent magnets in the circumferential direction, and each set of stators on both sides of the rotor has three salient poles separated by 120 degrees, and the windings 13 of each set of three salient poles are connected in series or in parallel, each pair The two corresponding stator salient poles located on both sides of the rotor disc are offset by 20 degrees in the circumferential direction (see Fig. 3), and the axis direction of the salient pole is parallel to the N and S pole directions of the permanent magnets on the rotor, so that the sides of the rotor are The salient poles 4a, 4b are respectively coupled to the two poles of the permanent magnet 6 turned therebetween, and the permanent magnets can be balanced between the salient poles of the two stators 4a, 4b under the magnetic attraction of the salient poles.

In this example, a total of four adjusting discs 3 are respectively connected with the casing 8 through screws, and an angle adjusting rod 9 is connected between the adjusting discs 3 at both ends, and the stator fixed thereto can be synchronously adjusted by adjusting the angles of the adjusting discs at both ends. The angular extent of the circumferential offset between the salient pole and the corresponding stator salient pole on the inner adjustment disc.

The angle of the circumferential displacement of the corresponding stator salient poles on both sides of the rotor disk body of the present invention cannot be too large on the one hand, so as to satisfy the magnetic field force balance between the permanent magnets 6 located between the salient poles and the two salient poles. Between the two salient poles, on the other hand, it should not be too small, so that the central axis of the permanent magnet balanced therebetween is offset from the central axis of the salient poles by a certain distance, and a circumferential torque can be generated. For the rotor with three pairs of six permanent magnets in this example, the angle of the stator salient poles on both sides of the rotor is preferably 18°-25°.

The end plate of the casing 8 is provided with a sensor 10 for sensing the rotation angle of the rotor 5. The sensing signal output end is connected to the CPU controller, and the stator winding 13 is connected to the power supply through the CPU controller to extend the main shaft of the end plate 2 A fan 11 is mounted on the fan 11, and a dust cover 12 fixed to the end plate is disposed outside the fan 11.

The installation procedure of the permanent magnet motor is as follows: First, the stator salient pole is mounted on the adjusting plate 3, and then the inner two adjusting discs and the positioning sleeve screws are fixed in the middle of the axial direction of the casing, and then the main shaft rotor and the outer side are installed. Two adjusting plates, and the main shaft is fixed on the two end plates through the bearing seat, and an angle adjusting rod 9 is connected between the outer two adjusting plates, which can be used to synchronously adjust the convex poles on the outer two adjusting plates and the inner two adjusting plates. The salient poles are offset at an angle in the circumferential direction, and the angled adjustment plate is fixed relative to the casing by screws.

Referring to FIG. 4, a schematic diagram of the working process of the permanent magnet 6 of the permanent magnet motor and the salient pole of the stator is shown. The figure is to rotate the position of the actual rotor and the stator to the axial direction by 90 degrees, so as to more intuitively indicate the relative relationship between them. Angle, the stator salient pole 4a of the outer ring represents a salient pole located outside the rotor disc, and the stator salient pole 4b of the inner ring represents a salient pole located inside the rotor disc, and the salient poles 4a, 4b on both sides of the rotor are circumferentially staggered. 20 degrees, in the static case of no power, the rotor permanent magnets 61, 63, 65 and made of magnetically permeable materials The pair of corresponding salient poles of the stator attract each other to generate a torque, and move to between the salient poles 4a, 4b of the salient poles at a circumferentially offset angle (as shown in FIG. 4-1), the two poles of the permanent magnet and the salient poles respectively Mutual attraction, in equilibrium, at this time, a forward pulse current is applied to the outer three stator windings 4a to form an N pole, and a leftward tangential force pulse is generated by attracting the outer S poles of the permanent magnets 61, 63, 65. , turning it to the left and turning to the position of Figure 4-2 by inertia, and then the permanent magnets 62, 64, 66 are attracted to the corresponding salient poles shown in Figure 4-3 by the magnetic field attraction force of the salient poles of the stator. At the same time, the inner stator winding 4b is added with a negative pulse current to form an S pole, and the S pole of the inner side of the permanent magnet repels, so that the permanent magnet is turned to the left, thereby circulating, and the rotor is realized. Continuous rotation.

The power-on moment is controlled by the CPU controller, and the controller obtains the signal of the rotor rotation angle through the sensor. Whenever the rotor is turned to the set angle (between the pair of staggered stator salient poles), the controller controls the set inner or outer winding. Power on, to achieve the function of the rotor. If the rotor can be turned to the left according to the above-mentioned energization direction, the direction of the energization can be changed to turn the rotor to the right, which can be controlled by the CPU controller.

In this example, the rotor rotates once every 6 steps, and the inner and outer windings of each turn are energized 3 times, each step is rotated 60 degrees, and the work is performed by the permanent magnet suction for about 30 degrees, and the energized electromagnetic field is about 30 degrees, and the starting current is small. Therefore, the energy saving effect is remarkable, and the two rotors of the machine are driven by four sets of windings, and the controller can arbitrarily select one or more windings according to the magnitude of the load, for example, when the load is heavy, the controller controls the four windings. Power-on to achieve full-load driving. At light load (such as when the electric vehicle goes downhill), some or all of the windings can be controlled to become power generating windings to charge the storage battery, achieving energy complementation under light and heavy load conditions. Energy, avoiding the waste of electric energy at light load like other motors, and further achieving the goal of high efficiency and energy saving. The energy saving effect of the present example is good, and the utility model has the advantages of small volume, light weight, simple structure, high work efficiency and large starting torque.

Claims

Claim

1. A driving method for a permanent magnet motor rotor, comprising a stator (4) and a rotor (5), wherein a permanent magnet (6) is arranged on the rotor, the stator is made of a magnetically permeable material, and is provided with One rotor permanent magnet

(6) correspondingly coupled salient pole pairs (4a, 4b), characterized in that: the stator salient poles (4a), (4b) constituting each stator salient pole pair are staggered in the circumferential direction of the rotor operation to balance The central axis of the rotor permanent magnet is offset from the central axis of the stator salient pole, and the stator salient pole is provided with a winding (13) electrically connected to the controller, and each time the rotor permanent magnet and the stator salient pole attract each other to the movement Corresponding to the equilibrium position between the salient poles of the stator salient poles at a circumferentially offset angle, energizing the stator windings produces a tangential force on the rotor permanent magnets, shifting out of the equilibrium position, and simultaneously sucking the next permanent magnet of opposite polarity to This keeps the rotor continuously rotating.

2. A permanent magnet motor having a casing (8), a rotor (5) mounted on the main shaft (1), and a stator (4) fixed to the casing, wherein: The rotor (5) is a permanent magnet (6) having an axial polarity of not less than a pair embedded in the circumferential direction of the disk body of the non-magnetic material, and the N and S poles of the adjacent two permanent magnets The polarities are arranged oppositely, and the stator (4) is made of a magnetically permeable material and is provided with two sets of salient poles (4a, 4b) of the same number. The two sets of salient poles are respectively disposed on the rotor (5) of the disc body. On the side, the corresponding salient poles of the two sets of salient poles form a salient pole pair, and the two salient poles of each salient pole pair are circumferentially offset by an angle so that the permanent magnets entering between the salient poles and being coupled with the salient poles are in equilibrium. The central axis is offset from the central axis of the stator salient pole, and the stator salient pole is provided with a winding (13) electrically connected to the controller, and the controller is electrically connected with a sensor capable of sensing the rotation angle of the rotor.

3. A permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, wherein: said rotor (5) is a disk body, said permanent magnet (6) being uniformly embedded circumferentially on the rotor disk body, forever The N and S pole directions of the magnet are parallel to the main axis direction, and the adjacent permanent magnets have opposite polarities. The stator salient poles are divided into two groups (4a) and (4b) of the same number, respectively, which are respectively fixed to the disc rotor (5). The windings of the two sets of salient poles are respectively connected in series or in parallel on the adjusting discs (3) which are arranged on both sides and which are fixed to the casing (8) and which face the rotor disc surface.

4. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, wherein: the rotor (5) is circumferentially provided with six permanent magnets, and each set of stators on both sides of the rotor has three salient poles. 120 degrees apart.

5. A permanent magnet motor according to claim 4, wherein each pair of mutually corresponding two stator salient poles on either side of the rotor are circumferentially offset by 18-25 degrees.

6. A permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: said end plate of said casing (8) is provided with said sensor (10) for sensing the angle of rotation of the rotor.

The permanent magnet motor according to any one of claims 2-6, characterized in that: two sets of the rotor (5) and the stator (4) having the same structure are respectively installed on the main shaft (1). On both sides, separated by a positioning sleeve (7).

8. The permanent magnet motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: two sets of the rotor (5) and the stator (4) having the same structure are respectively arranged on both sides of the main shaft (1), and the positioning sleeve is used. (7) Separated, an adjustment lever (9) is connected between the two end adjustment discs (3).