WO2008049703A1 - Fire-proof cover - Google Patents

Fire-proof cover Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008049703A1
WO2008049703A1 PCT/EP2007/060050 EP2007060050W WO2008049703A1 WO 2008049703 A1 WO2008049703 A1 WO 2008049703A1 EP 2007060050 W EP2007060050 W EP 2007060050W WO 2008049703 A1 WO2008049703 A1 WO 2008049703A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sheets
fire
strip
layer
thermally insulating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/060050
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Simon Goldberg
Original Assignee
Goldfire Sprl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Goldfire Sprl filed Critical Goldfire Sprl
Publication of WO2008049703A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008049703A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C8/00—Hand tools or accessories specially adapted for fire-fighting, e.g. tool boxes
    • A62C8/06—Fire-blankets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C2/00—Fire prevention or containment
    • A62C2/06—Physical fire-barriers
    • A62C2/10—Fire-proof curtains

Definitions

  • the invention relates to fire-resistant plies, especially flexible, fire-resistant plies of large dimensions.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a method of manufacturing a flexible fireproof sheet, by superposition of at least one fire-resistant layer, placed on the fire side, at least one layer of thermally insulating material, placed on the opposite side to the fire .
  • a flexible fireproof sheet is generally composed of a fireproof layer superimposed on at least one thermally insulating layer.
  • Flexible sheets of this type are particularly described in WO2005 / 075024.
  • the area of these known anti-fire sheets is, however, limited by the dimensions of the insulating layers obtained commercially, in particular their width. As a result, their applications are also limited.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a means for obtaining large anti-fio soft sheets, not having the disadvantages mentioned above composite webs.
  • the object of the invention is more particularly to provide a method of manufacturing large-size flexible anti-fog sheets whose fireproof properties are substantially uniform over their entire surface area and comply with fire safety requirements.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing large fireproof sheets. dimensions, which do not have areas affected by inappropriate overthickness and which, therefore, lend themselves to storage in the form of rollers.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing large-sized flexible anti-fog sheets, which are well adapted to an easy, effective and secure anti-jam packaging of large objects.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a large flexible fireproof sheet, having all of the properties set out above.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a method for effective and secure fire protection of a large box by means of a flexible fireproof sheet.
  • the process according to the invention for the manufacture of a flexible anti-fire cloth is characterized in that, to form the layer of thermally insulating material, two sheets of thermally insulating material are juxtaposed edge to edge, so as to form a joint between them, the joint is covered, on the fire side, by a strip of thermally insulating material and the strip is bonded to the two sheets by partially crushing the band and the underlying marginal zones of the sheets, so that the The thickness (A) of the set formed by the strip and said underlying marginal areas is substantially the same as the initial thickness (B) of the sheets.
  • the expression "fire-resistant layer placed on the fire side” means that the fire-resistant layer is intended to be brought into contact with an atmosphere, a liquid or a solid with a high degree of resistance. high temperature and, if necessary, to be put in contact with the flames of a fire.
  • layer of thermally insulating material placed on the side opposite the fire means that said layer of thermally insulating material is intended to be oriented towards an area to be protected.
  • the fire-resistant layer has the function of forming a screen for the propagation of flames or of a hot fluid and it must therefore be made of a material capable of withstanding these thermal conditions.
  • the fire resistant layer must be flexible. Notwithstanding these conditions, the choice of the material of the fire-resistant layer is not critical for the definition of the invention.
  • the function of the thermally insulating layer is to prevent an excessive transfer of heat from the fire side to the area to be protected, so as to maintain an acceptable temperature therein.
  • the fire-resistant layer shields the spread of the fire and the layer of thermally insulating material prevents an abnormal rise in the temperature in the area to be protected, so as to avoid that people suffer bodily injury from burning or that valuables are damaged by excessive heat.
  • These properties of the fire resistant layer and the thermally insulating layer will depend on various parameters, including the choice of materials used for these two layers, the thickness of said layers and the destination of the fireproof sheet. The most suitable parameters to achieve the desired properties must be determined in each particular case by a person skilled in the art. In general, although this is not essential for the definition of the invention, the thickness of the fire-resistant layer is negligible compared to that of the layer of thermally insulating material.
  • the layer of thermally insulating material comprises at least two sheets of thermally insulating material, which is juxtaposed edge to edge. Normally, the leaves have substantially the same thickness.
  • the fire-resistant layer comprises a fiber fabric of mineral material.
  • the mineral fiber material of the fabric comprises basalt. It is preferably composed essentially of basalt.
  • the fabric may comprise a mixture of basalt fibers and fibers of another fire-resistant material.
  • the mineral material of the fibers of the fabric comprises an aluminosilicate, the latter advantageously comprising a soda-lime glass.
  • the fiber material of the fabric it is advantageous for the fiber material of the fabric to consist essentially of a soda-lime glass.
  • the fibers of the fabric are made of silica.
  • the juxtaposed sheets of thermally insulating material must be flexible. Notwithstanding this condition, the choice of the thermally insulating material of the juxtaposed sheets is not critical for the definition of the invention.
  • the sheets comprise a nonwoven fiber of mineral material.
  • the inorganic fiber material of the nonwoven comprises an aluminosilicate. This advantageously comprises a soda-lime glass. It is advantageous that it consists essentially of a soda-lime glass.
  • the juxtaposition of the two edge-to-edge sheets implies that the two sheets have substantially parallel edges along the juxtaposed edges. It is preferred that these edges be substantially rectilinear. A seal is thus defined at the junction of the edges. It is desirable that the seal be narrow.
  • the fire side After juxtaposing the sheets edge to edge, in the manner described above, covering the aforementioned joint, the fire side with a strip of a thermally insulating material.
  • the band is positioned on the marginal zones juxtaposed sheets, so as to overlap the seal.
  • the choice of the thermally insulating material of the strip is not critical for the definition of the invention.
  • the strip comprises a nonwoven fiber of mineral material.
  • the inorganic fiber material of the nonwoven comprises an aluminosilicate.
  • This advantageously comprises a soda-lime glass. It is advantageous that it consists essentially of a soda-lime glass.
  • the thermally insulating material of the strip is the same as that of the juxtaposed sheets. After positioning the web on the sheets as discussed above, it is bound to them. The binding of the web to the juxtaposed sheets is effected by appropriate means to partially crush the strip and the underlying marginal areas of said sheets.
  • the term "underlying marginal zones of the leaves" is intended to mean the part of the sheets which run along the aforementioned joint and which are situated under the strip.
  • A denotes the thickness of the assembly formed of the band and the aforementioned underlying marginal zones crushed; and B is the initial thickness of the sheets, before crushing or in areas not subject to crushing.
  • the composite insulating layer formed of the two juxtaposed sheets and the flexible strip has a substantially uniform thickness over its entire extent and this uniform thickness is substantially equal to the thickness of the sheets in their uncrushed area.
  • the fire-resistant layer can be applied to the layer of thermally insulating material after bonding the strip to the two juxtaposed sheets.
  • the fire-resistant layer can first be applied to the assembly of the web and the two sheets, and then the fire-resistant layer, web, and sheets can be bonded together by crushing the web and webs. marginal areas juxtaposed leaves, as discussed above.
  • the fire-resistant layer may be a unitary layer, which covers all of the two juxtaposed sheets and the band that overlaps them.
  • the fire resistant layer may be composite and formed of the assembly of two or more individual layers.
  • the fire-resistant layer may for example comprise two individual layers of fire-resistant material, which are superimposed respectively on the two sheets of thermally insulating material.
  • the strip may have the same thickness as the sheets.
  • the thickness of the strip, before crushing is less than the initial thickness of the sheets. All other things being equal, it has indeed been observed that by using a strip whose thickness is less than that of the sheets, the coefficient of heat transfer in the assembly zone of the sheets and the strip is substantially reduced. .
  • the ratio between the thickness of the web, before crushing, and the initial thickness of the uncrushed sheets be at most 0.75. This ratio is preferably greater than 0.25, values of 0.40 to 0.60 being especially advantageous.
  • the means used to bind the strip to the juxtaposed sheets must achieve permanent crushing of the strip and the underlying marginal areas of the sheets.
  • the web is bound to the sheets by sewing them together.
  • This connecting means has proved effective in ensuring uniform bonding and combining optimum mechanical strength with optimum resistance to spread of heat through the area of assembly of the leaves.
  • the threads used to sew the web to the sheets must be of a material capable of withstanding the heat normally prevailing in the layer of thermally insulating material during normal use of the fireproof sheet.
  • the material of the yarns is preferably selected from mineral materials, metals and metal alloys. Among the mineral substances, basalt, aluminosilicates (especially soda-lime glasses) and silica are recommended. Examples of metal alloys include stainless steels.
  • metal or metal alloy wires coated with a lubricating sheath are used.
  • the lubricating sheath serves to facilitate the circulation of the thread in the sewing machine.
  • lubricating sheaths include cotton sheaths and paraphenylenetrephthalamide polymer coatings (eg KEVLAR).
  • securing means may be used to secure the web to the sheets.
  • Means which are well suited include staples possibly in combination with glue, for example an inorganic glue based on calcium silicate.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to obtain flexible anti-fio sheets with a large surface area, which have uniform properties of fire resistance over their entire extent, these anti-fire properties being furthermore in conformity with fire safety requirements.
  • the method according to the invention has the additional advantage of producing large area sheets, particularly of large width, whose thickness is substantially uniform and which, therefore, lends itself well to storage in rolls.
  • the method according to the invention also has the advantage of allowing the production of fireproof sheets which are well adapted to an easy, effective and secure anti-fire packaging of large objects.
  • the invention therefore also relates to a flexible anti-fire web comprising at least one fire-resistant layer, superimposed on at least one layer of thermally insulating material, said web being characterized in that the layer of thermally insulating material comprises, on the one hand at least two sheets of thermally insulating material, juxtaposed edge to edge and, secondly, at least one strip of thermally insulating material, which is housed between the fire-resistant layer and the sheets so as to cover a seal delimited between the juxtaposed edges of the sheets, the strip and the underlying marginal areas of the sheets being partially crushed so that the layer of thermally insulating material has a substantially uniform thickness.
  • the binding of the strip to the juxtaposed marginal zones of the sheets can be carried out by any appropriate means, having sufficient mechanical strength and adequate resistance to the thermal conditions normally prevailing in the layer of thermally insulating material at during normal use of the fire blanket.
  • the means for joining the web the two juxtaposed sheets include stitches.
  • the flexible anti-fire web according to the invention comprises all of the advantageous properties mentioned above with reference to the manufacturing method according to the invention.
  • the flexible anti-fire web according to the invention has various applications. It finds particular application as a screen in front of incandescent objects or to prevent the spread of fires, or to isolate premises or parts of premises where there is a high temperature.
  • An advantageous feature of the fireproof ply according to the invention is the uniformity of its thickness, including in the assembly zone of the thermally insulating material sheets, this zone being essentially free from excess thicknesses.
  • This particularity of the fireproof sheet according to the invention facilitates its use for the packaging of large objects, such as crates, for example. As a result, it finds an appropriate use for packing crates containing valuables.
  • the invention therefore also relates to a method for the fireproof protection of a box, according to which the box is surrounded by at least one flexible anti-fire web according to the invention, as defined above.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded diagram of a particular embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of a particular embodiment of the web according to the invention, obtained by means of the method shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded diagram, similar to that of FIG. of a modified embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 is an exploded diagram, similar to that of Figure 1, of another embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a view similar to that of FIG. 2, of another particular embodiment of the anti-fire web according to the invention, obtained by means of the method of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 6 is an exploded diagram, similar to that of Figure 4, a variant of the method of Figure 4.
  • reference numerals 1 and 2 designate two flexible sheets of thermally insulating material. They are for example two non-woven glass fibers.
  • the two sheets 1 and 2 are juxtaposed side by side, so that their edges 3 are contiguous and delimit between them a gasket 5.
  • the width of the gasket 5a been exaggerated.
  • the juxtaposed edges of the two sheets are substantially rectilinear, so that the width of the joint 5 is as small as possible.
  • a narrow flexible band 4 is then deposited on the joint 5.
  • the band 4 is made of a thermally insulating material. It is for example a non-woven fiberglass. It has a length and a width sufficient to overlap the seal 5 and substantially cover all of said seal and the marginal areas 6 of the sheets 1 and 2.
  • the thickness of the flexible strip 4 is less than that of the sheets 1 and 2. It is for example substantially equal to half the thickness of the sheets 1 and 2.
  • the fire resistant layers used in the present invention are not or practically not crushable.
  • the binding of the strip 4 to the sheets 1 and 2 has been achieved by means of son 7 made of mineral material.
  • wire or wire rope for example stainless steel
  • it is advantageously coated with a cotton sheath or a KEVLAR polymer, to facilitate the sewing operation.
  • the strip 4 is bonded to the sheets 1 and 2 by means of staples, possibly in association with an adhesive.
  • a layer 8 of fire-resistant material is placed on the sheets 1 and 2, so that it covers said sheets and the strip 4.
  • the layer 8 may for example comprise a fiberglass fabric, basalt or silica. It is attached to the sheets 1 and 2 and to the band 4 by any appropriate means, preferably by sewing with son in a fire-resistant mineral material (basalt or glass fibers for example).
  • the layer 8 constitutes the fire side of the fireproof sheet and the insulating layer formed of the assembly of the sheets 1 and 2 and the strip 4 constitutes the opposite side to the fire.
  • the composite layer formed of the assembly of the sheets 1 and 2 and the strip 4 is sandwiched between the fire resistant layer 8 and a second fire resistant layer 9.
  • the fire side of the web can be indifferently the layer 8 or the layer 9. It is preferred that it is the layer 8 which is the fire side of the sheet, the layer 9 then being its opposite side to the fire.
  • the sheets 1 and 2 of thermally insulating material are covered with a layer 10 of a fire-resistant material.
  • the layers 10 are, for example, fabrics of mineral fibers (for example basalt, silica or glass).
  • the layers 10 are attached to the sheets 1 and 2 by any suitable means, for example by means of glue, staples or stitching.
  • the flexible strip 4 of thermally insulating material is also covered with a layer 11 of a fire-resistant material.
  • the layer 11 is preferably made of the same material as the layers 10.
  • the procedure described above is carried out with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the sheets 1 and 2 and the strip 4 being arranged in such a way that the fire-resistant layers 10 and 11 are directed towards the fire-resistant layer. traffic light.
  • the fireproof sheet shown schematically in FIG. 5 is obtained.
  • the insulating strip 4, its fire-resistant layer 11, the marginal zones 6 of the sheets 1 and 2 and their fire resistant layers 10 are partially crushed.
  • the crushing is set so that the overall thickness A 'of the web in the assembly zone of the sheets 1 and 2 is substantially equal to the initial thickness B' of the sheets 1 and 2 and their respective layers 10, in areas not crushed.
  • the fire side of the sheet is formed of the layer resistant to 11 and layers 10 which are not covered by the strip 4.
  • each insulating sheet 1 and 2 is sandwiched between the fire resistant layer 10 and a second fire resistant layer 12.
  • the insulating strip 4 is sandwiched between the fire resistant layer 11 and a second fire resistant layer 13.
  • the fire side of the fireproof sheet may be indifferently the layers 10 and 11 or the layers 12. It is preferred that the layers 10 and 11 which is the fire side of the sheet, the layers 12 then being its opposite side to the fire.
  • a 3.60 m long and 1.20 m wide anti-fog sheet was made using the process according to the invention, shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • two flexible sheets 1 and 2 were used. trade, brand INSULFRAX S (UNIFRAX).
  • the sheets used had a length of 3.66 m, a width of 0.61 m and a thickness of 50 mm. They had a density of 128 kg / m 3 and a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.29 W / mK.
  • the two sheets were juxtaposed edge to edge and the seal 5 delimited between them was covered with a flexible strip 4 of 3.66 m long, 0.10 m wide and 25 mm thick, made in the same material as the sheets 1 and 2.
  • the assembly thus produced had an overall thickness of 75 mm before sewing. During the sewing, the thickness of the assembly was reduced to 50 mm, by crushing the band 4 and the underlying marginal zones 6 of the sheets 1 and 2. In the junction zone, the assembly of the sheets and the band was presenting so a specific mass of about 192 kg / m 3 . A thermal conductivity coefficient of less than 0.25 W / mK was measured. This coefficient of thermal conductivity is thus lower than that of the sheets 1 and 2, which is an advantage.

Abstract

The invention relates to the production of a fire-proof flexible ply, in which two layers (1, 2) of a thermal-insulation material are arranged side by side so as to form a seam (5) between them, the seam (5) is covered on the fire side by a strip (4) of a thermal-insulation material, the strip (4) is bonded to the sheets by partially crushing the strip and the underlying edge areas (6) of the sheets so that the thickness of the assembly formed by the strip and said areas is essentially identical to the original thickness of the sheets, and a fire-resistant layer (8, 10, 11) is superimposed on the sheets and strip assembly.

Description

Procédé de fabrication d'une nappe souple antifeu, nappe souple antifeu et utilisation de celle-ci.Process for manufacturing a flexible anti-fire web, flexible anti-fire web and use thereof
Domaine de l' invention L' invention se rapporte à des nappes antifeu, spécialement des nappes souples antifeu, de grandes dimensions .FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to fire-resistant plies, especially flexible, fire-resistant plies of large dimensions.
L' invention concerne plus particulièrement un procédé de fabrication d'une nappe souple antifeu, par superposition d'au moins une couche résistante au feu, placée du côté feu, à au moins une couche en matière thermiquement isolante, placée du côté opposé au feu.The invention relates more particularly to a method of manufacturing a flexible fireproof sheet, by superposition of at least one fire-resistant layer, placed on the fire side, at least one layer of thermally insulating material, placed on the opposite side to the fire .
État de la technique Les nappes souples antifeu ont pour fonction de faire écran à la propagation d' incendie ou à la chaleur dégagée par des feux. Elles trouvent de ce fait diverses applications, notamment pour l'emballage d'objets de valeurState of the art The purpose of soft, fireproof sheets is to shield the propagation of fire or the heat generated by fires. They thus find various applications, especially for the packaging of valuables
(par exemple des œuvres d'art) ou pour isoler des locaux ou parties de locaux où régnent des températures élevées, un incendie ou un risque d'incendie, ou encore comme écrans à la propagation d'incendies.(eg works of art) or to isolate premises or parts of premises with high temperatures, a fire or a fire hazard, or as screens for the spread of fires.
Une nappe souple antifeu est généralement constituée d'une couche résistante au feu, superposée à au moins une couche thermiquement isolante. Des nappes souples antifeu de ce type sont notamment décrites dans le document WO2005/075024. La superficie de ces nappes antifeu connues est toutefois limitée par les dimensions des couches isolantes obtenues dans le commerce, notamment leur largeur. Par voie de conséquence, leurs applications sont également limitées.A flexible fireproof sheet is generally composed of a fireproof layer superimposed on at least one thermally insulating layer. Flexible sheets of this type are particularly described in WO2005 / 075024. The area of these known anti-fire sheets is, however, limited by the dimensions of the insulating layers obtained commercially, in particular their width. As a result, their applications are also limited.
On peut certes imaginer de fabriquer plusieurs nappes antifeu unitaires, du type de celle décrite ci-dessus, et d'assembler ensuite ces nappes unitaires pour former une nappe composite de grande superficie. L'assemblage de nappes antifeu unitaires s'est toutefois révélé une opération difficile et sujette à des contraintes de sécurité et d'utilisation. Plus particulièrement, la jonction entre des nappes contiguës constitue une zone particulièrement sensible : d'une part, elle risque de constituer une zone de faiblesse dans les propriétés antifeu de la nappe composite ainsi réalisée ; d'autre part, la présence de surépaisseurs dans cette zone constitue un obstacle au stockage efficace de nappes de grande largeur sous la forme de rouleaux. Lorsque de telles nappes composites sont utilisées pour emballer des objets (par exemple des caisses) , les surépaisseurs précitées font qu'il est pratiquement impossible d'éviter la formation de cavités parfois importantes entre des couches superposées de la nappe ; ces cavités présentant normalement une conductibilité thermique largement supérieure à celle de la nappe, elles constituent de ce fait des zones de faiblesse dans la protection antifeu de l'objet emballé.One can certainly imagine making several unitary fire sheets, of the type described above, and to then assemble these unitary webs to form a composite sheet of large area. However, the assembly of unitary fire blankets was a difficult operation and subject to safety and use constraints. More particularly, the junction between contiguous sheets constitutes a particularly sensitive zone: on the one hand, it risks constituting a zone of weakness in the anti-fire properties of the composite layer thus produced; on the other hand, the presence of extra thicknesses in this zone is an obstacle to the efficient storage of large plies in the form of rolls. When such composite plies are used to package objects (for example crates), the aforementioned extra thicknesses make it practically impossible to avoid the formation of sometimes large cavities between superimposed layers of the ply; these cavities normally having a thermal conductivity much greater than that of the sheet, they therefore constitute areas of weakness in the fire protection of the packaged object.
Résumé de l'inventionSummary of the invention
Le but de l'invention est de fournir un moyen pour l'obtention de nappes souples antifeu de grandes dimensions, ne présentant pas les inconvénients énoncés plus haut des nappes composites.The object of the invention is to provide a means for obtaining large anti-fio soft sheets, not having the disadvantages mentioned above composite webs.
L'invention a plus particulièrement pour objectif de fournir un procédé de fabrication de nappes souples antifeu de grandes dimensions, dont les propriétés antifeu sont sensiblement uniformes sur toute leur superficie et conformes aux exigences de sécurité antifeu.The object of the invention is more particularly to provide a method of manufacturing large-size flexible anti-fog sheets whose fireproof properties are substantially uniform over their entire surface area and comply with fire safety requirements.
L'invention a aussi pour objectif de fournir un procédé de fabrication de nappes antifeu de grandes dimensions, qui ne présentent pas de zones affectées de surépaisseurs inopportunes et qui, de ce fait, se prêtent bien à un stockage sous la forme de rouleaux.Another object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing large fireproof sheets. dimensions, which do not have areas affected by inappropriate overthickness and which, therefore, lend themselves to storage in the form of rollers.
L'invention a également pour objectif de fournir un procédé de fabrication de nappes souples antifeu de grandes dimensions, qui sont bien adaptées à un emballage antifeu facile, efficace et sécurisant d'objets de grandes dimensions .Another object of the invention is to provide a method of manufacturing large-sized flexible anti-fog sheets, which are well adapted to an easy, effective and secure anti-jam packaging of large objects.
Un autre objectif de l'invention est de fournir une nappe souple antifeu de grandes dimensions, présentant l'ensemble des propriétés énoncées ci-dessus.Another object of the invention is to provide a large flexible fireproof sheet, having all of the properties set out above.
Un objectif supplémentaire de l'invention est de fournir un procédé pour une protection antifeu efficace et sécurisante d'une caisse de grandes dimensions au moyen d'une nappe souple antifeu.A further object of the invention is to provide a method for effective and secure fire protection of a large box by means of a flexible fireproof sheet.
A cette fin, le procédé selon l'invention pour la fabrication d'une nappe souple antifeu est caractérisé en ce que, pour former la couche en matière thermiquement isolante, on juxtapose deux feuilles en matière thermiquement isolante bord à bord, de façon à former un joint entre elles, on recouvre le joint, du côté feu, par une bande en matière thermiquement isolante et on lie la bande aux deux feuilles en écrasant partiellement la bande et les zones marginales sous-j acentes des feuilles, de telle sorte que l'épaisseur (A) de l'ensemble formé de la bande et desdites zones marginales sous-j acentes soit sensiblement identique à l'épaisseur initiale (B) des feuilles .For this purpose, the process according to the invention for the manufacture of a flexible anti-fire cloth is characterized in that, to form the layer of thermally insulating material, two sheets of thermally insulating material are juxtaposed edge to edge, so as to form a joint between them, the joint is covered, on the fire side, by a strip of thermally insulating material and the strip is bonded to the two sheets by partially crushing the band and the underlying marginal zones of the sheets, so that the The thickness (A) of the set formed by the strip and said underlying marginal areas is substantially the same as the initial thickness (B) of the sheets.
Dans le procédé selon l'invention, l'expression « couche résistante au feu placée du côté feu » signifie que la couche résistante au feu est destinée à être mise en contact avec une atmosphère, un liquide ou un solide à très haute température et, le cas échéant, à être mise en contact avec les flammes d'un feu.In the process according to the invention, the expression "fire-resistant layer placed on the fire side" means that the fire-resistant layer is intended to be brought into contact with an atmosphere, a liquid or a solid with a high degree of resistance. high temperature and, if necessary, to be put in contact with the flames of a fire.
L'expression « couche en matière thermiquement isolante placée du côté opposé au feu » signifie que ladite couche en matière thermiquement isolante est destinée à être orientée vers une zone à protéger.The expression "layer of thermally insulating material placed on the side opposite the fire" means that said layer of thermally insulating material is intended to be oriented towards an area to be protected.
La couche résistante au feu a pour fonction de former écran à la propagation de flammes ou d'un fluide chaud et elle doit par conséquent être réalisée en une matière susceptible de résister à ces conditions thermiques. Dans le procédé selon l'invention, la couche résistante au feu doit être souple. Nonobstant ces conditions, le choix de la matière de la couche résistante au feu n'est pas critique pour la définition de l'invention. La couche thermiquement isolante a pour fonction de faire obstacle à un transfert exagéré de chaleur depuis le côté feu vers la zone à protéger, de manière à conserver, dans celle-ci, une température acceptable. Par exemple, en cas d' incendie du côté feu, la couche résistante au feu fait écran à une propagation de l'incendie et la couche en matière thermiquement isolante empêche une élévation anormale de la température dans la zone à protéger, de manière à éviter que des personnes subissent des lésions corporelles par brûlure ou que des objets de valeur soient détériorés par une chaleur excessive. Ces propriétés de la couche résistante au feu et de la couche thermiquement isolante vont dépendre de divers paramètres, notamment du choix des matériaux utilisés pour ces deux couches, de l'épaisseur desdites couches et de la destination de la nappe antifeu. Les paramètres les plus adéquats pour atteindre les propriétés recherchées doivent être déterminés dans chaque cas particulier par un homme du métier. En général, bien que cela ne soit pas indispensable pour la définition de l'invention, l'épaisseur de la couche résistante au feu est négligeable par rapport à celle de la couche en matière thermiquement isolante.The fire-resistant layer has the function of forming a screen for the propagation of flames or of a hot fluid and it must therefore be made of a material capable of withstanding these thermal conditions. In the method according to the invention, the fire resistant layer must be flexible. Notwithstanding these conditions, the choice of the material of the fire-resistant layer is not critical for the definition of the invention. The function of the thermally insulating layer is to prevent an excessive transfer of heat from the fire side to the area to be protected, so as to maintain an acceptable temperature therein. For example, in the event of a fire on the fire side, the fire-resistant layer shields the spread of the fire and the layer of thermally insulating material prevents an abnormal rise in the temperature in the area to be protected, so as to avoid that people suffer bodily injury from burning or that valuables are damaged by excessive heat. These properties of the fire resistant layer and the thermally insulating layer will depend on various parameters, including the choice of materials used for these two layers, the thickness of said layers and the destination of the fireproof sheet. The most suitable parameters to achieve the desired properties must be determined in each particular case by a person skilled in the art. In general, although this is not essential for the definition of the invention, the thickness of the fire-resistant layer is negligible compared to that of the layer of thermally insulating material.
Conformément à l'invention, la couche en matière thermiquement isolante comprend au moins deux feuilles en matière thermiquement isolante, que l'on juxtapose bord à bord. Normalement, les feuilles ont sensiblement la même épaisseur .According to the invention, the layer of thermally insulating material comprises at least two sheets of thermally insulating material, which is juxtaposed edge to edge. Normally, the leaves have substantially the same thickness.
Dans une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, la couche résistante au feu comprend un tissu de fibres en matière minérale.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the fire-resistant layer comprises a fiber fabric of mineral material.
Dans un premier mode d'exécution de cette forme de réalisation de l'invention, la matière minérale des fibres du tissu comprend du basalte. Elle est de préférence constituée essentiellement de basalte. En variante, le tissu peut comprendre un mélange de fibres de basalte et de fibres en une autre matière résistant au feu.In a first embodiment of this embodiment of the invention, the mineral fiber material of the fabric comprises basalt. It is preferably composed essentially of basalt. Alternatively, the fabric may comprise a mixture of basalt fibers and fibers of another fire-resistant material.
Dans un deuxième mode d'exécution, la matière minérale des fibres du tissu comprend un aluminosilicate, celui-ci comprenant avantageusement un verre sodo-calcique . Dans ce mode d'exécution de l'invention, il est avantageux que la matière des fibres du tissu soit essentiellement constituée d'un verre sodo-calcique.In a second embodiment, the mineral material of the fibers of the fabric comprises an aluminosilicate, the latter advantageously comprising a soda-lime glass. In this embodiment of the invention, it is advantageous for the fiber material of the fabric to consist essentially of a soda-lime glass.
Dans un troisième mode d'exécution, les fibres du tissu sont en silice.In a third embodiment, the fibers of the fabric are made of silica.
Dans le procédé selon l'invention, les feuilles juxtaposées en matière thermiquement isolantes doivent être souples. Nonobstant cette condition, le choix de la matière thermiquement isolante des feuilles juxtaposées n'est pas critique pour la définition de l'invention.In the process according to the invention, the juxtaposed sheets of thermally insulating material must be flexible. Notwithstanding this condition, the choice of the thermally insulating material of the juxtaposed sheets is not critical for the definition of the invention.
Dans une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, les feuilles comprennent un non-tissé de fibres en matière minérale. Dans un mode d'exécution préféré de cette forme de réalisation de l'invention, la matière minérale des fibres du non-tissé comprend un aluminosilicate . Celui-ci comprend avantageusement un verre sodo-calcique . Il est avantageux qu'il soit essentiellement constitué d'un verre sodo- calcique .In a particular embodiment of the invention, the sheets comprise a nonwoven fiber of mineral material. In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment of the invention, the inorganic fiber material of the nonwoven comprises an aluminosilicate. This advantageously comprises a soda-lime glass. It is advantageous that it consists essentially of a soda-lime glass.
La juxtaposition des deux feuilles bord à bord implique que les deux feuilles présentent des arêtes sensiblement parallèles le long des bords juxtaposés. On préfère que ces arêtes soient sensiblement rectilignes. Un joint est ainsi délimité à la jonction des bords. Il est souhaitable que le joint soit étroit.The juxtaposition of the two edge-to-edge sheets implies that the two sheets have substantially parallel edges along the juxtaposed edges. It is preferred that these edges be substantially rectilinear. A seal is thus defined at the junction of the edges. It is desirable that the seal be narrow.
Après avoir juxtaposé les feuilles bord à bord, de la manière exposée plus haut, on recouvre le joint précité, du côté feu, avec une bande en une matière thermiquement isolante. La bande est positionnée sur les zones marginales juxtaposées des feuilles, de manière à chevaucher le joint.After juxtaposing the sheets edge to edge, in the manner described above, covering the aforementioned joint, the fire side with a strip of a thermally insulating material. The band is positioned on the marginal zones juxtaposed sheets, so as to overlap the seal.
Dans le procédé selon l'invention, le choix de la matière thermiquement isolante de la bande n'est pas critique pour la définition de l'invention.In the process according to the invention, the choice of the thermally insulating material of the strip is not critical for the definition of the invention.
Dans une forme de réalisation particulière de l'invention, la bande comprend un non-tissé de fibres en matière minérale.In a particular embodiment of the invention, the strip comprises a nonwoven fiber of mineral material.
Dans un mode d'exécution préféré de cette forme de réalisation de l'invention, la matière minérale des fibres du non-tissé comprend un aluminosilicate. Celui-ci comprend avantageusement un verre sodo-calcique. Il est avantageux qu'il soit essentiellement constitué d'un verre sodo- calcique . Bien que cela ne soit pas indispensable, on préfère, selon l'invention, que la matière thermiquement isolante de la bande soit la même que celle des feuilles juxtaposées. Après avoir positionné la bande sur les feuilles de la manière exposée ci-dessus, on la lie à celles-ci. La liaison de la bande aux feuilles juxtaposées est réalisée par un moyen approprié pour écraser partiellement la bande et les zones marginales sous-j acentes desdites feuilles. On entend désigner par l'expression « zones marginales sous- jacentes des feuilles », la partie des feuilles qui longent le joint précité et qui sont situées sous la bande.In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment of the invention, the inorganic fiber material of the nonwoven comprises an aluminosilicate. This advantageously comprises a soda-lime glass. It is advantageous that it consists essentially of a soda-lime glass. Although this is not essential, it is preferred according to the invention for the thermally insulating material of the strip to be the same as that of the juxtaposed sheets. After positioning the web on the sheets as discussed above, it is bound to them. The binding of the web to the juxtaposed sheets is effected by appropriate means to partially crush the strip and the underlying marginal areas of said sheets. The term "underlying marginal zones of the leaves" is intended to mean the part of the sheets which run along the aforementioned joint and which are situated under the strip.
L'écrasement de la bande et des zones marginales sous-j acentes des feuilles est réglé pour avoirThe crushing of the band and the underlying marginal areas of the leaves is set to have
A = B, oùA = B, where
A désigne l'épaisseur de l'ensemble formé de la bande et des zones marginales sous-jacents précitées, écrasées ; et B désigne l'épaisseur initiale des feuilles, avant l'écrasement ou dans les zones qui ne sont pas soumises à 1' écrasement .A denotes the thickness of the assembly formed of the band and the aforementioned underlying marginal zones crushed; and B is the initial thickness of the sheets, before crushing or in areas not subject to crushing.
De cette manière, la couche isolante composite, formée des deux feuilles juxtaposées et de la bande souple, présente une épaisseur sensiblement uniforme sur toute son étendue et cette épaisseur uniforme est sensiblement égale à l'épaisseur des feuilles dans leur zone non écrasée.In this way, the composite insulating layer formed of the two juxtaposed sheets and the flexible strip, has a substantially uniform thickness over its entire extent and this uniform thickness is substantially equal to the thickness of the sheets in their uncrushed area.
Dans le procédé selon l'invention, la couche résistante au feu peut être appliquée sur la couche en matière thermiquement isolante après avoir lié la bande aux deux feuilles juxtaposées. En variante, on peut d'abord appliquer la couche résistante au feu sur l'assemblage de la bande et des deux feuilles et procéder ensuite à la liaison de la couche résistante au feu, de la bande et des feuilles en écrasant la bande et les zones marginales juxtaposées des feuilles, de la manière exposée plus haut.In the method according to the invention, the fire-resistant layer can be applied to the layer of thermally insulating material after bonding the strip to the two juxtaposed sheets. Alternatively, the fire-resistant layer can first be applied to the assembly of the web and the two sheets, and then the fire-resistant layer, web, and sheets can be bonded together by crushing the web and webs. marginal areas juxtaposed leaves, as discussed above.
Dans le procédé selon l'invention, la couche résistante au feu peut être une couche unitaire, qui recouvre la totalité des deux feuilles juxtaposées et de la bande qui les chevauche. En variante, la couche résistante au feu peut être composite et formée de l'assemblage de deux ou plusieurs couches individuelles. Dans cette variante, la couche résistante au feu peut par exemple comprendre deux couches individuelles en matière résistante au feu, qui sont superposées respectivement aux deux feuilles en matière thermiquement isolante.In the process according to the invention, the fire-resistant layer may be a unitary layer, which covers all of the two juxtaposed sheets and the band that overlaps them. Alternatively, the fire resistant layer may be composite and formed of the assembly of two or more individual layers. In this variant, the fire-resistant layer may for example comprise two individual layers of fire-resistant material, which are superimposed respectively on the two sheets of thermally insulating material.
Dans le procédé selon l'invention, la bande peut avoir la même épaisseur que les feuilles. Dans une forme de réalisation préférée du procédé selon l'invention, l'épaisseur de la bande, avant l'écrasement, est inférieure à l'épaisseur initiale des feuilles. Toutes autres choses égales par ailleurs, on a en effet observé qu'en utilisant une bande dont l'épaisseur est inférieure à celle des feuilles, on réduisait sensiblement le coefficient de transmission de chaleur dans la zone d'assemblage des feuilles et de la bande. Dans cette forme de réalisation de l'invention, on recommande que le rapport entre l'épaisseur de la bande, avant l'écrasement, et l'épaisseur initiale des feuilles non écrasées soit au maximum égal à 0,75. Ce rapport est de préférence supérieur à 0,25, les valeurs de 0,40 à 0,60 étant spécialement avantageuses.In the process according to the invention, the strip may have the same thickness as the sheets. In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, the thickness of the strip, before crushing, is less than the initial thickness of the sheets. All other things being equal, it has indeed been observed that by using a strip whose thickness is less than that of the sheets, the coefficient of heat transfer in the assembly zone of the sheets and the strip is substantially reduced. . In this embodiment of the invention, it is recommended that the ratio between the thickness of the web, before crushing, and the initial thickness of the uncrushed sheets be at most 0.75. This ratio is preferably greater than 0.25, values of 0.40 to 0.60 being especially advantageous.
Dans le procédé selon l'invention, le moyen utilisé pour lier la bande aux feuilles juxtaposées doit réaliser un écrasement permanent de la bande et des zones marginales sous-j acentes des feuilles.In the method according to the invention, the means used to bind the strip to the juxtaposed sheets must achieve permanent crushing of the strip and the underlying marginal areas of the sheets.
Dans une forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, on lie la bande aux feuilles en les cousant ensemble. Ce moyen de liaison s'est révélé efficace pour assurer une liaison uniforme et combiner une résistance mécanique optimum et une résistance optimum à la propagation de la chaleur à travers la zone d'assemblage des feuilles.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the web is bound to the sheets by sewing them together. This connecting means has proved effective in ensuring uniform bonding and combining optimum mechanical strength with optimum resistance to spread of heat through the area of assembly of the leaves.
Dans cette forme de réalisation préférée de l'invention, les fils utilisés pour coudre la bande aux feuilles doivent être en une matière capable de résister à la chaleur régnant normalement dans la couche en matière thermiquement isolante lors d'une utilisation normale de la nappe antifeu. On sélectionne de préférence la matière des fils parmi les matières minérales, les métaux et les alliages métalliques. Parmi les matières minérales, on recommande le basalte, les aluminosilicates (spécialement les verres sodo-calciques) et la silice. Des exemples d'alliages métalliques comprennent les aciers inoxydables.In this preferred embodiment of the invention, the threads used to sew the web to the sheets must be of a material capable of withstanding the heat normally prevailing in the layer of thermally insulating material during normal use of the fireproof sheet. . The material of the yarns is preferably selected from mineral materials, metals and metal alloys. Among the mineral substances, basalt, aluminosilicates (especially soda-lime glasses) and silica are recommended. Examples of metal alloys include stainless steels.
Dans un mode de réalisation préféré de cette forme de réalisation de l'invention, on utilise des fils en métal ou en alliage métallique, enrobés d'une gaine lubrifiante. Dans ce mode de réalisation de l'invention, la gaine lubrifiante sert à faciliter la circulation du fil dans la machine à coudre. Des exemples de gaines lubrifiantes comprennent des gaines en coton et des enrobages en polymère de paraphénylènetérephtalamide (par exemple le KEVLAR) .In a preferred embodiment of this embodiment of the invention, metal or metal alloy wires coated with a lubricating sheath are used. In this embodiment of the invention, the lubricating sheath serves to facilitate the circulation of the thread in the sewing machine. Examples of lubricating sheaths include cotton sheaths and paraphenylenetrephthalamide polymer coatings (eg KEVLAR).
D'autres moyens de fixation peuvent être utilisés pour fixer la bande aux feuilles. Des moyens qui conviennent bien comprennent des agrafes éventuellement en association avec de la colle, par exemple une colle non organique à base de silicate de calcium.Other securing means may be used to secure the web to the sheets. Means which are well suited include staples possibly in combination with glue, for example an inorganic glue based on calcium silicate.
Le procédé selon l'invention permet d'obtenir des nappes souples antifeu de grande superficie, qui possèdent des propriétés uniformes de résistance au feu sur la totalité de leur étendue, ces propriétés antifeu étant en outre conformes aux exigences de sécurité antifeu. Le procédé selon l'invention présente l'avantage supplémentaire de produire des nappes de grande superficie, particulièrement de grande largeur, dont l'épaisseur est sensiblement uniforme et qui, de ce fait, se prêtant bien à un stockage en rouleaux.The method according to the invention makes it possible to obtain flexible anti-fio sheets with a large surface area, which have uniform properties of fire resistance over their entire extent, these anti-fire properties being furthermore in conformity with fire safety requirements. The method according to the invention has the additional advantage of producing large area sheets, particularly of large width, whose thickness is substantially uniform and which, therefore, lends itself well to storage in rolls.
Le procédé selon l'invention présente en outre l'avantage de permettre l'obtention de nappes antifeu qui sont bien adaptées à un emballage antifeu facile, efficace et sécurisant d'objets de grandes dimensions. L'invention concerne dès lors également une nappe souple antifeu comprenant au moins une couche résistante au feu, superposée à au moins une couche en matière thermiquement isolante, ladite nappe se caractérisant en ce que la couche en matière thermiquement isolante comprend, d'une part, au moins deux feuilles en matière thermiquement isolante, juxtaposées bord à bord et, d'autre part, au moins une bande en matière thermiquement isolante, qui est logée entre la couche résistante au feu et les feuilles en sorte de recouvrir un joint délimité entre les bords juxtaposés des feuilles, la bande et les zones marginales sous-j acentes des feuilles étant partiellement écrasées de telle sorte que la couche en matière thermiquement isolante présente une épaisseur sensiblement uniforme.The method according to the invention also has the advantage of allowing the production of fireproof sheets which are well adapted to an easy, effective and secure anti-fire packaging of large objects. The invention therefore also relates to a flexible anti-fire web comprising at least one fire-resistant layer, superimposed on at least one layer of thermally insulating material, said web being characterized in that the layer of thermally insulating material comprises, on the one hand at least two sheets of thermally insulating material, juxtaposed edge to edge and, secondly, at least one strip of thermally insulating material, which is housed between the fire-resistant layer and the sheets so as to cover a seal delimited between the juxtaposed edges of the sheets, the strip and the underlying marginal areas of the sheets being partially crushed so that the layer of thermally insulating material has a substantially uniform thickness.
Dans la nappe antifeu selon l'invention, la liaison de la bande aux zones marginales juxtaposées des feuilles peut être réalisée par tout moyen approprié, présentant une résistance mécanique suffisante et une résistance adéquate aux conditions thermiques régnant normalement dans la couche en matière thermiquement isolante au cours d'une utilisation normale de la nappe antifeu.In the fireproofing web according to the invention, the binding of the strip to the juxtaposed marginal zones of the sheets can be carried out by any appropriate means, having sufficient mechanical strength and adequate resistance to the thermal conditions normally prevailing in the layer of thermally insulating material at during normal use of the fire blanket.
Dans une forme de réalisation préférée de la nappe antifeu selon l'invention, le moyen de jonction de la bande aux deux feuilles juxtaposées comprend des points de couture .In a preferred embodiment of the anti-fire web according to the invention, the means for joining the web the two juxtaposed sheets include stitches.
La nappe souple antifeu selon l'invention comprend l'ensemble des propriétés avantageuses énoncées plus haut en référence au procédé de fabrication selon l'invention.The flexible anti-fire web according to the invention comprises all of the advantageous properties mentioned above with reference to the manufacturing method according to the invention.
La nappe souple antifeu selon l'invention trouve diverses applications. Elle trouve notamment une application en tant qu'écran devant des objets incandescents ou pour éviter la propagation d'incendies, ou encore pour isoler des locaux ou parties de locaux où il règne une température élevée.The flexible anti-fire web according to the invention has various applications. It finds particular application as a screen in front of incandescent objects or to prevent the spread of fires, or to isolate premises or parts of premises where there is a high temperature.
Une particularité avantageuse de la nappe antifeu selon l'invention est l'uniformité de son épaisseur, y compris dans la zone d'assemblage des feuilles en matière thermiquement isolante, cette zone étant essentiellement exempte de surépaisseurs. Cette particularité de la nappe antifeu selon l'invention facilite son utilisation pour l'emballage d'objets de grandes dimensions, tels que des caisses, par exemple. Elle trouve de ce fait une utilisation appropriée pour l'emballage de caisses contenant des objets de valeur.An advantageous feature of the fireproof ply according to the invention is the uniformity of its thickness, including in the assembly zone of the thermally insulating material sheets, this zone being essentially free from excess thicknesses. This particularity of the fireproof sheet according to the invention facilitates its use for the packaging of large objects, such as crates, for example. As a result, it finds an appropriate use for packing crates containing valuables.
L' invention concerne dès lors également un procédé pour la protection antifeu d'une caisse, selon lequel on entoure la caisse d'au moins une nappe souple antifeu conforme à l'invention, telle que définie plus haut.The invention therefore also relates to a method for the fireproof protection of a box, according to which the box is surrounded by at least one flexible anti-fire web according to the invention, as defined above.
Brève description des figuresBrief description of the figures
Des particularités et détails de l'invention vont apparaître au cours de la description suivantes des dessins annexés.Features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings.
La figure 1 est un schéma éclaté d'une forme de réalisation particulière du procédé de fabrication selon 1' invention . La figure 2 est une vue schématique partielle d'une forme de réalisation particulière de la nappe selon l'invention, obtenue au moyen du procédé schématisé à la figure 1. La figure 3 est un schéma éclaté, similaire à celui de la figure 1, d'une forme de réalisation modifiée du procédé de fabrication selon l'invention.Figure 1 is an exploded diagram of a particular embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention. FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of a particular embodiment of the web according to the invention, obtained by means of the method shown diagrammatically in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an exploded diagram, similar to that of FIG. of a modified embodiment of the manufacturing method according to the invention.
La figure 4 est un schéma éclaté, analogue à celui de la figure 1, d'une autre forme de réalisation du procédé selon l'invention.Figure 4 is an exploded diagram, similar to that of Figure 1, of another embodiment of the method according to the invention.
La figure 5 est une vue analogue à celle de la figure 2, d'une autre forme de réalisation particulière de la nappe antifeu selon l'invention, obtenue au moyen du procédé de la figure 4. La figure 6 est un schéma éclaté, analogue à celui de la figure 4, d'une variante du procédé de la figure 4.FIG. 5 is a view similar to that of FIG. 2, of another particular embodiment of the anti-fire web according to the invention, obtained by means of the method of FIG. 4. FIG. 6 is an exploded diagram, similar to that of Figure 4, a variant of the method of Figure 4.
Les figures ne sont pas dessinées à l'échelle. Généralement, des mêmes notations de référence désignent des mêmes éléments.The figures are not drawn to scale. Generally, the same reference notations designate the same elements.
Description détaillée de modes de réalisation particuliersDetailed description of particular embodiments
A la figure 1, les notations de référence 1 et 2 désignent deux feuilles souples en matière thermiquement isolantes. Elles sont par exemple deux non-tissés de fibres de verre.In FIG. 1, reference numerals 1 and 2 designate two flexible sheets of thermally insulating material. They are for example two non-woven glass fibers.
Pour fabriquer une nappe souple antifeu de grande étendue, on juxtapose les deux feuilles 1 et 2 côte à côte, de manière que leurs bords 3 soient jointifs et délimitent entre-eux un joint 5. A la figure 1, la largeur du joint 5 a été exagérée. En pratique, les bords juxtaposés des deux feuilles sont sensiblement rectilignes, de sorte que la largeur du joint 5 soit la plus faible possible. On évite toutefois que les deux feuilles 1 et 2 soient superposées. On dépose ensuite une bande souple étroite 4 sur le joint 5. La bande 4 est en une matière thermiquement isolante. Elle est par exemple un non-tissé en fibres de verre. Elle a une longueur et une largeur suffisantes pour chevaucher le joint 5 et recouvrir sensiblement la totalité dudit joint et des zones marginales 6 des feuilles 1 et 2.In order to manufacture a flexible, large-scale fireproof sheet, the two sheets 1 and 2 are juxtaposed side by side, so that their edges 3 are contiguous and delimit between them a gasket 5. In FIG. 1, the width of the gasket 5a been exaggerated. In practice, the juxtaposed edges of the two sheets are substantially rectilinear, so that the width of the joint 5 is as small as possible. However, it is avoided that the two sheets 1 and 2 are superimposed. A narrow flexible band 4 is then deposited on the joint 5. The band 4 is made of a thermally insulating material. It is for example a non-woven fiberglass. It has a length and a width sufficient to overlap the seal 5 and substantially cover all of said seal and the marginal areas 6 of the sheets 1 and 2.
L'épaisseur de la bande souple 4 est inférieure à celle des feuilles 1 et 2. Elle est par exemple sensiblement égale à la moitié de l'épaisseur des feuilles 1 et 2.The thickness of the flexible strip 4 is less than that of the sheets 1 and 2. It is for example substantially equal to half the thickness of the sheets 1 and 2.
Après avoir positionné la bande 4 sur les zones marginales 6 des feuilles 1 et 2, on la coud auxdites feuilles au moyen de fils 7 en une matière résistante au feu, par exemple des fibres de basalte ou des fibres de verre, de manière à former une couche composite en matière thermiquement isolante. La liaison de la bande 4 aux feuilles 1 et 2 est réalisée de manière à écraser partiellement la bande 4 et les zones marginales 6 des feuilles 1 et 2. La figure 2 montre la couche composite en matière thermiquement isolante dans la zone d'assemblage des feuilles 1 et 2 et de la bande 4. On aperçoit que la bande souple 4 et les zones marginales 6 des feuilles 1 et 2, le long du joint 5, sont partiellement écrasées, de telle sorte que l'épaisseur globale A de la couche isolante dans la zone d'assemblage des feuilles 1 et 2 soit sensiblement égale à l'épaisseur initiale B des feuilles 1 et 2, dans les zones non écrasées.After positioning the strip 4 on the marginal areas 6 of the sheets 1 and 2, it is sewn to said sheets by means of son 7 of a fire-resistant material, for example basalt fibers or glass fibers, so as to form a composite layer of thermally insulating material. The binding of the strip 4 to the sheets 1 and 2 is performed so as to partially crush the strip 4 and the marginal areas 6 of the sheets 1 and 2. Figure 2 shows the composite layer of thermally insulating material in the assembly area of the Sheets 1 and 2 and the strip 4. It can be seen that the flexible strip 4 and the marginal zones 6 of the sheets 1 and 2, along the joint 5, are partially crushed, so that the overall thickness A of the layer insulation in the assembly area of the sheets 1 and 2 is substantially equal to the initial thickness B of the sheets 1 and 2 in the uncrushed areas.
Il est à noter que contrairement aux feuilles 1 et 2 et à la bande 4, les couches résistantes au feu utilisées dans la présente invention ne sont pas ou pratiquement pas écrasables .It should be noted that unlike the sheets 1 and 2 and the strip 4, the fire resistant layers used in the present invention are not or practically not crushable.
Dans la forme de réalisation qui vient d'être décrite, la liaison de la bande 4 aux feuilles 1 et 2 a été réalisée au moyen de fils 7 en matière minérale. En variante, on peut utiliser du fil ou du câble métallique (par exemple en acier inoxydable) . Dans le cas de fil ou de câble métallique, celui-ci est avantageusement enrobé d'une gaine de coton ou d'un polymère KEVLAR, pour faciliter l'opération de couture. Selon une autre variante, on lie la bande 4 aux feuilles 1 et 2 au moyen d'agrafes, éventuellement en association avec une colle.In the embodiment which has just been described, the binding of the strip 4 to the sheets 1 and 2 has been achieved by means of son 7 made of mineral material. Alternatively, wire or wire rope (for example stainless steel) may be used. In the case of wire or wire rope, it is advantageously coated with a cotton sheath or a KEVLAR polymer, to facilitate the sewing operation. According to another variant, the strip 4 is bonded to the sheets 1 and 2 by means of staples, possibly in association with an adhesive.
Après avoir lié la bande 4 aux feuilles 1 et 2 de la manière décrite ci-dessus, on pose une couche 8 en matière résistante au feu sur les feuilles 1 et 2, de manière qu'elle recouvre lesdites feuilles et la bande 4. La couche 8 peut par exemple comprendre un tissu en fibres de verre, de basalte ou de silice. On la fixe aux feuilles 1 et 2 et à la bande 4 par tout moyen approprié, de préférence par couture avec des fils en une matière minérale résistante au feu (basalte ou fibres de verre par exemple) .After binding the strip 4 to the sheets 1 and 2 in the manner described above, a layer 8 of fire-resistant material is placed on the sheets 1 and 2, so that it covers said sheets and the strip 4. The layer 8 may for example comprise a fiberglass fabric, basalt or silica. It is attached to the sheets 1 and 2 and to the band 4 by any appropriate means, preferably by sewing with son in a fire-resistant mineral material (basalt or glass fibers for example).
Il est bien entendu possible de procéder à l'écrasement de la bande 4 alors que cette bande 4 est déjà rendue solidaire de la couche 8, par les moyens cités ci- dessus. On peut aussi procéder à la couture, en une seule opération, de la bande 4 et de la couche 8 (indépendantes l'une de l'autre) sur les feuilles 1 et 2.It is of course possible to proceed with the crushing of the band 4 while this band 4 is already secured to the layer 8, by the means mentioned above. It is also possible to sew, in a single operation, the band 4 and the layer 8 (independent of each other) on the sheets 1 and 2.
Conformément aux définitions qui ont été données plus haut, la couche 8 constitue le côté feu de la nappe antifeu et la couche isolante formée de l'assemblage des feuilles 1 et 2 et de la bande 4 constitue le côté opposé au feu.According to the definitions given above, the layer 8 constitutes the fire side of the fireproof sheet and the insulating layer formed of the assembly of the sheets 1 and 2 and the strip 4 constitutes the opposite side to the fire.
Dans la forme de réalisation de la figure 3, la couche composite formée de l'assemblage des feuilles 1 et 2 et de la bande 4 est prise en sandwich entre la couche résistante au feu 8 et une seconde couche résistante au feu 9. Dans cette forme de réalisation de l'invention, le côté feu de la nappe peut être indifféremment la couche 8 ou la couche 9. On préfère que ce soit la couche 8 qui soit le côté feu de la nappe, la couche 9 étant alors son côté opposé au feu .In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the composite layer formed of the assembly of the sheets 1 and 2 and the strip 4 is sandwiched between the fire resistant layer 8 and a second fire resistant layer 9. embodiment of the invention, the fire side of the web can be indifferently the layer 8 or the layer 9. It is preferred that it is the layer 8 which is the fire side of the sheet, the layer 9 then being its opposite side to the fire.
Dans la forme de réalisation schématisée à la figure 4, les feuilles 1 et 2 en matière thermiquement isolante sont recouvertes d'une couche 10 en une matière résistante au feu. Les couches 10 sont par exemple des tissus en fibres minérales (par exemple en basalte, en silice ou en verre) . Les couches 10 sont fixées aux feuilles 1 et 2 par tout moyen approprié, par exemple au moyen d'une colle, d'agrafes ou par couture.In the embodiment shown schematically in Figure 4, the sheets 1 and 2 of thermally insulating material are covered with a layer 10 of a fire-resistant material. The layers 10 are, for example, fabrics of mineral fibers (for example basalt, silica or glass). The layers 10 are attached to the sheets 1 and 2 by any suitable means, for example by means of glue, staples or stitching.
La bande souple 4 en matière thermiquement isolante est également recouverte d'une couche 11 en une matière résistante au feu. La couche 11 est de préférence réalisée dans la même matière que les couches 10.The flexible strip 4 of thermally insulating material is also covered with a layer 11 of a fire-resistant material. The layer 11 is preferably made of the same material as the layers 10.
Pour fabriquer la nappe antifeu, on opère de la manière exposée plus haut, en référence aux figures 1 et 2, les feuilles 1 et 2 et la bande 4 étant disposées de telle sorte que les couches résistantes au feu 10 et 11 soient dirigées du côté feu. Après fixation de la bande 4 sur les zones marginales des feuilles 1 et 2, le long du joint 5, on obtient la nappe antifeu schématisée à la figure 5. Dans celle-ci, la bande isolante 4, sa couche résistante au feu 11, les zones marginales 6 des feuilles 1 et 2 et leurs couches résistantes au feu 10 sont partiellement écrasées. L'écrasement est réglé pour que l'épaisseur globale A' de la nappe dans la zone d'assemblage des feuilles 1 et 2 soit sensiblement égale à l'épaisseur initiale B' des feuilles 1 et 2 et de leurs couches respectives 10, dans les zones non écrasées.In order to manufacture the fireproof sheet, the procedure described above is carried out with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the sheets 1 and 2 and the strip 4 being arranged in such a way that the fire-resistant layers 10 and 11 are directed towards the fire-resistant layer. traffic light. After fixing the strip 4 on the marginal zones of the sheets 1 and 2, along the joint 5, the fireproof sheet shown schematically in FIG. 5 is obtained. In this case, the insulating strip 4, its fire-resistant layer 11, the marginal zones 6 of the sheets 1 and 2 and their fire resistant layers 10 are partially crushed. The crushing is set so that the overall thickness A 'of the web in the assembly zone of the sheets 1 and 2 is substantially equal to the initial thickness B' of the sheets 1 and 2 and their respective layers 10, in areas not crushed.
Dans la nappe antifeu schématisée à la figure 5 et conformément aux définitions qui ont données plus haut, le côté feu de la nappe est formé de la couche résistante au feu 11 et des couches 10 qui ne sont pas recouvertes par la bande 4.In the fireproof sheet shown diagrammatically in FIG. 5 and in accordance with the definitions given above, the fire side of the sheet is formed of the layer resistant to 11 and layers 10 which are not covered by the strip 4.
Dans la forme de réalisation de la figure 6, chaque feuille isolante 1 et 2 est prise en sandwich entre la couche résistante au feu 10 et une seconde couche résistante au feu 12. De manière similaire, la bande isolante 4 est prise en sandwich entre la couche résistante au feu 11 et une seconde couche résistante au feu 13. Dans cette forme de réalisation de l'invention, le côté feu de la nappe antifeu peut être indifféremment les couches 10 et 11 ou les couches 12. On préfère que ce soit les couches 10 et 11 qui soit le côté feu de la nappe, les couches 12 étant alors son côté opposé au feu.In the embodiment of FIG. 6, each insulating sheet 1 and 2 is sandwiched between the fire resistant layer 10 and a second fire resistant layer 12. Similarly, the insulating strip 4 is sandwiched between the fire resistant layer 11 and a second fire resistant layer 13. In this embodiment of the invention, the fire side of the fireproof sheet may be indifferently the layers 10 and 11 or the layers 12. It is preferred that the layers 10 and 11 which is the fire side of the sheet, the layers 12 then being its opposite side to the fire.
L'exemple suivant sert à démontrer l'intérêt de l'invention.The following example serves to demonstrate the interest of the invention.
On a fabriqué une nappe antifeu de 3, 60 m de long et 1,20m de large, en utilisant le procédé selon l'invention, schématisé aux figures 1 et 2. A cet effet, on a utilisé deux feuilles souples 1 et 2 du commerce, de marque INSULFRAX S (UNIFRAX) . Les feuilles utilisées avaient une longueur de 3,66 m, une largeur de 0,61 m et une épaisseur de 50 mm. Elles présentaient une masse spécifique de 128 kg/m3 et un coefficient de conductibilité thermique égale à 0,29 W/mK. On a juxtaposé les deux feuilles bord à bord et on a recouvert le joint 5 délimité entre-elles, avec une bande souple 4 de 3,66 m de long, 0,10 m de large et 25 mm d'épaisseur, réalisée dans la même matière que les feuilles 1 et 2. L'assemblage ainsi réalisé présentait une épaisseur globale de 75 mm avant couture. Lors de la couture, l'épaisseur de l'assemblage a été ramenée à 50 mm, par écrasement de la bande 4 et des zones marginales sous- jacentes 6 des feuilles 1 et 2. Dans la zone de jonction, l'assemblage des feuilles et de la bande présentait de la sorte une masse spécifique d'environ 192 kg/m3. On y a mesuré un coefficient de conductibilité thermique inférieur à 0,25 W/mK. Ce coefficient de conductibilité thermique est ainsi inférieur à celui des feuilles 1 et 2, ce qui constitue un avantage.A 3.60 m long and 1.20 m wide anti-fog sheet was made using the process according to the invention, shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 1 and 2. For this purpose, two flexible sheets 1 and 2 were used. trade, brand INSULFRAX S (UNIFRAX). The sheets used had a length of 3.66 m, a width of 0.61 m and a thickness of 50 mm. They had a density of 128 kg / m 3 and a thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.29 W / mK. The two sheets were juxtaposed edge to edge and the seal 5 delimited between them was covered with a flexible strip 4 of 3.66 m long, 0.10 m wide and 25 mm thick, made in the same material as the sheets 1 and 2. The assembly thus produced had an overall thickness of 75 mm before sewing. During the sewing, the thickness of the assembly was reduced to 50 mm, by crushing the band 4 and the underlying marginal zones 6 of the sheets 1 and 2. In the junction zone, the assembly of the sheets and the band was presenting so a specific mass of about 192 kg / m 3 . A thermal conductivity coefficient of less than 0.25 W / mK was measured. This coefficient of thermal conductivity is thus lower than that of the sheets 1 and 2, which is an advantage.
Après assemblage des feuilles 1 et 2 et de la bande 4, on y a posé une couche 8 en matière résistante au feu, d'environ 2 mm d'épaisseur, pour constituer la nappe antifeu . Un avantage de la nappe ainsi réalisée réside dans l'uniformité de son épaisseur et l'absence de surépaisseur dans la zone du joint 5. Cette zone ne constitue dès lors plus un point faible de la nappe. Ainsi, si l'emballage d'un objet nécessite de superposer plusieurs nappes, on ne risque pas qu'il se forme des cavités entre les nappes superposées et on supprime de la sorte le risque d'une propagation de flammes (en cas d'incendie) ou de gaz chaud à travers de telles cavités. En outre, l'épaisseur de la nappe étant constante, la nappe peut s'enrouler facilement en vue de son stockage ou de sa manutention. After assembling the sheets 1 and 2 and the strip 4, there was laid a layer 8 of fire-resistant material, about 2 mm thick, to form the fireproof sheet. An advantage of the ply thus produced lies in the uniformity of its thickness and the absence of excess thickness in the area of the joint 5. This zone is therefore no longer a weak point of the ply. Thus, if the packaging of an object requires superimposing several layers, it is not likely that cavities are formed between the superimposed layers and thus eliminates the risk of a flame spread (in case of fire) or hot gas through such cavities. In addition, the thickness of the sheet being constant, the sheet can be wound easily for storage or handling.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Procédé de fabrication d'une nappe souple antifeu, par superposition d'au moins une couche résistante au feu (8, 10, 11) placée du côté feu, à au moins une couche en matière thermiquement isolante placée du côté opposé au feu, caractérisé en ce que pour former la couche en matière thermiquement isolante, - on juxtapose deux feuilles (1, 2) en matière thermiquement isolante, bord à bord, de façon à former un joint (5) entre elles ; - on recouvre le joint (5), du côté feu, par une bande1. A method of manufacturing a flexible fireproof sheet, by superposition of at least one fire-resistant layer (8, 10, 11) placed on the fire side, at least one layer of thermally insulating material placed on the side opposite the fire , characterized in that to form the layer of thermally insulating material, - two sheets (1, 2) of thermally insulating material are juxtaposed edge to edge, so as to form a seal (5) between them; - the gasket (5) is covered on the fire side by a strip
(4) en matière thermiquement isolante ; et - on lie la bande (4) aux deux feuilles (1, 2) en écrasant partiellement la bande et les zones marginales sous-j acentes (6) des feuilles, de telle sorte que l'épaisseur (A) de l'ensemble formé de la bande et desdites zones marginales sous-j acentes soit sensiblement identique à l'épaisseur initiale (B) des feuilles .(4) thermally insulating material; and - the strip (4) is bonded to the two sheets (1, 2) by partially crushing the strip and the underlying marginal areas (6) of the sheets, so that the thickness (A) of the whole formed of the strip and said underlying marginal zones is substantially identical to the initial thickness (B) of the sheets.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, pour lier la bande (4) aux deux feuilles (1, 2), on les coud (7) ensemble. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that, to bind the strip (4) to the two sheets (1, 2), they are sewn (7) together.
3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'on coud la couche résistante au feu (8, 9, 10, 11, 12,13) à la bande (4) et aux feuilles (1, 2).3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the fire resistant layer (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13) is sewn to the strip (4) and to the sheets (1, 2).
4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la bande (4), avant l'écrasement, est inférieure à l'épaisseur initiale (B) des feuilles (1, 2) .4. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the thickness of the strip (4), before crushing, is less than the initial thickness (B) of the sheets (1, 2) .
5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le rapport entre l'épaisseur de la bande (4), avant l'écrasement, et l'épaisseur initiale (B) des feuilles (1, 2) est de 0, 40 à 0, 60.5. Method according to claim 4, characterized in that the ratio between the thickness of the strip (4), before the crushing, and the initial thickness (B) of the sheets (1, 2) is from 0, 40 to 0, 60.
6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la couche résistante au feu (8, 9, 10, 11, 12,13) comprend un tissu de fibres en matière minérale.6. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the fire-resistant layer (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13) comprises a fiber fabric of mineral material.
7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la matière minérale des fibres du tissu est sélectionnée parmi le basalte, les verres sodo-calciques et la silice.7. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the mineral material of the fibers of the fabric is selected from basalt, soda-lime glasses and silica.
8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les feuilles (1, 2) et la bande (4) comprennent un non-tissé de fibres en matière minérale . 8. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the sheets (1, 2) and the strip (4) comprise a nonwoven fibers of mineral material.
9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la matière minérale des fibres du non-tissé comprend un verre sodo-calcique .9. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the inorganic fiber material of the nonwoven comprises a soda-lime glass.
10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que pour lier la bande (4) aux feuilles (1, 2), on utilise des fils (7) en une matière sélectionnée parmi les matières minérales résistant au feu, les métaux et les alliages métalliques.10. Method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that to bind the strip (4) to the sheets (1, 2), son (7) are used in a material selected from the mineral materials resistant to fire, metals and metal alloys.
11. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la matière minérale des fils (7) est sélectionnée parmi le basalte, les verres sodo-calciques et la silice.11. The method of claim 10, characterized in that the mineral material of the son (7) is selected from basalt, soda-lime glasses and silica.
12. Procédé selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas où la matière des fils (7) comprend un métal ou un alliage métallique, lesdits fils portent une gaine lubrifiante en une matière sélectionnée parmi le coton et les polymères de paraphénylènetérephtalamide .12. The method of claim 10, characterized in that, in the case where the material of the son (7) comprises a metal or a metal alloy, said son carry a lubricant sheath of a material selected from cotton and paraphenylenetrephthalamide polymers .
13. Nappe souple antifeu comprenant au moins une couche résistante au feu (8, 9, 10, 11, 12,13), superposée à au moins une couche en matière thermiquement isolante, caractérisée en ce que la couche en matière thermiquement isolante comprend, d'une part, au moins deux feuilles (1, 2) en matière thermiquement isolante, juxtaposées bord à bord et, d'autre part, au moins une bande (4) en matière thermiquement isolante, qui est logée entre la couche résistante au feu et les feuilles en sorte de recouvrir un joint (5) délimité entre les bords juxtaposés (3) des feuilles, la bande (4) et les zones sous-j acentes (6) des feuilles étant partiellement écrasées de telle sorte que la couche en matière thermiquement isolante présente une épaisseur (A, B) selon la revendication 1, sensiblement uniforme .13. Flexible anti-fire cloth comprising at least one fire-resistant layer (8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13) superimposed on at least one layer of thermally insulating material, characterized in that the layer of thermally insulating material comprises, on the one hand, at least two sheets (1, 2) of thermally insulating material, juxtaposed edge to edge and, secondly, at least one strip (4) in thermally insulating material, which is housed between the fire-resistant layer and the sheets so as to cover a joint (5) delimited between the juxtaposed edges (3) of the sheets, the strip (4) and the underlying areas (6). ) sheets being partially crushed so that the layer of thermally insulating material has a thickness (A, B) according to claim 1, substantially uniform.
14. Nappe antifeu selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que la couche en matière thermiquement isolante (1, 2, 4) est prise en sandwich entre deux couches résistante au feu (8, 9, 10, 11, 12) .14. fireproofing sheet according to claim 13, characterized in that the layer of thermally insulating material (1, 2, 4) is sandwiched between two fire-resistant layers (8, 9, 10, 11, 12).
15. Procédé pour la protection antifeu d'une caisse, selon lequel on entoure la caisse d'au moins une nappe antifeu, caractérisé en ce qu'on met en œuvre une nappe antifeu conforme à la revendication 13 ou 14. 15. Process for the fireproof protection of a box, according to which the box is surrounded by at least one anti-fire sheet, characterized in that a fireproof sheet according to claim 13 or 14 is used.
PCT/EP2007/060050 2006-10-26 2007-09-21 Fire-proof cover WO2008049703A1 (en)

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