WO2008039054A1 - Dispositif de construction modulaire - Google Patents

Dispositif de construction modulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008039054A1
WO2008039054A1 PCT/MY2006/000012 MY2006000012W WO2008039054A1 WO 2008039054 A1 WO2008039054 A1 WO 2008039054A1 MY 2006000012 W MY2006000012 W MY 2006000012W WO 2008039054 A1 WO2008039054 A1 WO 2008039054A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
building arrangement
units
module
modular building
arrangement according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MY2006/000012
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hock Beng Gan
Original Assignee
Hock Beng Gan
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hock Beng Gan filed Critical Hock Beng Gan
Priority to PCT/MY2006/000012 priority Critical patent/WO2008039054A1/fr
Publication of WO2008039054A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008039054A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/34—Extraordinary structures, e.g. with suspended or cantilever parts supported by masts or tower-like structures enclosing elevators or stairs; Features relating to the elastic stability
    • E04B1/3404—Extraordinary structures, e.g. with suspended or cantilever parts supported by masts or tower-like structures enclosing elevators or stairs; Features relating to the elastic stability supported by masts or tower-like structures
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34815—Elements not integrated in a skeleton
    • E04B1/34861—Elements not integrated in a skeleton particular arrangement of habitable rooms or their component parts; modular co-ordination
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H1/00—Buildings or groups of buildings for dwelling or office purposes; General layout, e.g. modular co-ordination or staggered storeys
    • E04H1/005—Modulation co-ordination
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
    • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
    • E04B2001/1996—Tensile-integrity structures, i.e. structures comprising compression struts connected through flexible tension members, e.g. cables

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a building arrangement formed from two or more interconnected module units.
  • a modular building arrangement comprising two or more interconnected module units, the module units being selected from one or more of: a first module unit comprising at least three elongate sections, each section being arranged with one end intersecting an inner side of a first adjacent section and with the inner sides of each section forming a continuous frame about a first centre court, and the other end of each elongate section extending beyond the outer side of a second adjacent section forming a first projection section extending in a first direction with respect to the first adjacent section; and a second module unit comprising at least three elongate sections, each section being arranged with one end intersecting an inner side of a first adjoining section and with the inner sides of each section forming a continuous frame about a ' second centre court, and the other end of each elongate section extending beyond the outer side of a second adjoining section forming a second projection section extending in a second direction with respect to the first adjoining section, wherein two or more of the first module unit, second module
  • module units provides a building arrangement that can be constructed, configured and subsequently modified through the selective addition, removal or modification of individual module units within the structure. This provides flexibility in designing a new building arrangement according to the present invention and also modifying, reconfiguring, extending or the like an existing building arrangement according to the present invention.
  • the projection sections of the first and second module units can extend in various different directions relative to the respective adjacent or adjoining section.
  • the first projection sections extend in a generally clockwise direction with respect to the first adjacent section
  • the second projection sections extend in a generally anticlockwise direction with respect to the first adjoining section.
  • One or more of the elongate sections can comprises two or more interconnected sections. Accordingly, the elongate section can be formed from two or more square shaped, rectangular shaped, or a combination of non- elongate members which are interconnected to form the elongate section.
  • Each of the first module unit and second module unit can include three or more elongate sections.
  • the first module unit and second module unit include three elongate sections thereby forming a triangular shaped first and second centre court between the sections.
  • the first module unit and second module unit include eight elongate sections thereby forming an octagonal shaped first and second centre court between the sections.
  • the first module unit and second module unit include four elongate sections.
  • the first and second centre court have a generally square or rectangular shape.
  • the module units can be interconnected in any suitable configuration to form a building arrangement according to the present invention.
  • the building arrangement includes at least one sub-unit comprising a combination of the first module unit and second module unit.
  • the first centre court of the first module unit is substantially aligned with the second centre court of the second module unit.
  • the combination is orientated to the first projection sections of the first module unit and second projection sections of the second module unit are arranged at opposite corners along each side of the sub-unit.
  • the building arrangement is formed from two or more interconnected sub-units.
  • the building arrangement can be formed from any number of interconnected module units.
  • the module units can be interconnected to form an overall structure or complex having various geometric formations. Suitable geometric formations include pyramidal formations, inverted pyramid formations, single layer planar formations (rectangular, octagonal, circular or the like).
  • the module units are interconnected to form an elevated geometric formation having at least one surface configured with a substantially diagonal slope.
  • One preferred elevated geometric formation has a generally a pyramid type configuration.
  • the building arrangement includes three of more layers of interconnected module units and/or sub-units. The layers are typically formed from a plurality of one or more first module units and second module units which are interconnected laterally, vertically, or a combination thereof.
  • the basic module units can form a self contained building in which all amenities are contained with the internal structure of the module unit.
  • the module unit would include all living spaces, rooms, bathrooms, kitchens and the like within the walls of the module unit.
  • the building arrangement further comprises at least one service unit which connects to one or more module units.
  • the service unit is preferably a separate unit or building which attaches to a side, top, bottom or end of one or more module units to provide supplementary or additional services to the one or more module units.
  • the service unit provides a recreational space or amenities to the one or more module units, such as for example a bathroom, kitchen, laundry, toilet, balcony or entertainment area.
  • each service unit can be attached or otherwise secured to the one or more module unit in any suitable position.
  • each service unit is connected on an outer side of one or more module units adjacent to one or more of the first projection section, second projection section or combination thereof.
  • the building arrangement further comprises a connecting means which facilitates movement of people between module units in the building arrangement.
  • the connecting means can comprise a lift, escalator, pathway, ramp, causeway, road, flight of stairs or the like.
  • the connecting means can be provided in one or more of the first and second centre courts of the module units or on an outer side of one or more module units adjacent to one or more of the first projection section, second projection section or combination thereof.
  • module units in the same lateral layer can include lateral linkages providing a longitudinal or transverse route between these module units.
  • the longitudinal or transverse route can be one or more of a path, road or street.
  • the overall structure formed by a building arrangement according to the present invention typically includes a number of exposed surfaces on the upper or top side of the arrangement. As with other structures, these exposed surfaces will be exposed to the outdoor elements such as weather. Of course, some of the exposed surfaces could be used as balconies, roadways, pathways and other open spaces. However, other exposed surfaces will simply function as a roof for parts of the building arrangement. Accordingly, one or more exposed upper surface of a module unit in a building arrangement can comprise a roof structure. In other embodiments, the building arrangement includes a landscaping tray which forms an open space, balcony, park, courtyard or playground.
  • the first and second module units provide a structure which can be utilised for any desired purpose.
  • the module units can be selected and configured as residential units, non-residential units (business, industrial, government or the like) or a combination thereof.
  • the configuration of a building arrangement according to the present invention can be varied by adding or removing module units and service units from the overall structure. Accordingly, the configuration of a module unit, sub-unit or even section of the building arrangement can be modified to suit a specific purpose at any time during the life of the building arrangement.
  • each of the module units are interlocked to transfer load forces downwardly to the foundations or other ground supports of the building arrangement.
  • each of the module units are interconnected through interlocking of the first projections, second projections or combination thereof between adjacent module units.
  • one or more support columns are used to support one or more module units in the building arrangement.
  • a plurality of support columns are used to support each individual module unit in the bottom or base layer of the building arrangement.
  • the support columns support a platform on which the building arrangement can be located and secured.
  • the support columns extend through at least one centre court of at least one first or second module unit, one or more of said first or second module unit being secured or otherwise interconnected to the support column.
  • the building arrangement further comprises one or more support columns and one or more suspension cables extending between the one or more support columns and the ground or a support structure affixed to the ground. In this embodiment, one or more module units are secured to the suspension cables.
  • each of the module units is interconnected in an arrangement which forms a tensegrity type structural system.
  • the units are interconnected using a tension loading means which transfers tension forces laterally and diagonally and a compression loading means which transfer compression forces downwardly:
  • the tension loading means is a cable and the compression loading means is a beam, strut or pole.
  • Fig. 1 is a block representation of one preferred embodiment of a first building module unit according to the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a block representation of one preferred embodiment of a second building module unit according to the present invention.
  • Figs. 3A and 3B show two possible arrangements of the first and second module units of Figs. 1 and 2 in two layers;
  • Figs. 4A and 4B show two possible arrangements of the first and second module units of Figs. 1 and 2 in three layers;
  • Figs. 5A and 5B show possible location of service units in a two layer building arrangement formed from the building module units of Figs. 1 and 2;
  • Fig. 6A, 6B and 6C shows three examples of how the building arrangement shown in Figs 3A and 5B can be divided into individual sections for use as residential, business or other purpose;
  • Figs. 7A to 7H show examples of the possible lateral interlocking between the two module units shown in Figs 1 and 2 within a single layer;
  • Figs. 8A to 8D show the possible vertical interlocking between the two module units shown in Figs 1 and 2 between layers;
  • Figs. 9A to 91 show an number of building arrangements having multiple layers of module units shown in Figs 1 and 2;
  • Fig. 10A shows a (a) plan view and (b) a main elevation view of a one building arrangement formed from module units shown in Figs 1 and 2 which are interconnected in a lattice framework type structure.
  • Fig. 10B shows a (a) plan view and (b) a main elevation view of a one building arrangement formed from module units shown in Figs 1 and 2 which are interconnected using a column and beam type structure.
  • Fig. 1OC shows a (a) plan view and (b) a main elevation view of a one building arrangement formed from module units shown in Figs 1 and 2 which are interconnected using a central shaft type arrangement.
  • Fig. 1OD shows a (a) plan view and (b) a main elevation view of a one building arrangement formed from module units shown in Figs 1 and 2 which are interconnected using a hanging support type arrangement.
  • Fig. 10E shows a (a) plan view and (b) a main elevation view of a one building arrangement formed from module units shown in Figs 1 and 2 which are interconnected to form a tensegrity type structure.
  • Fig. 10F shows a model of the interconnections of the tensegrity type structure shown in Fig. 10E.
  • Figs. 11A to 11 N illustrate possible geometrical formations that the building module units shown in Figs 1 and 2 can be arranged;
  • Fig. 12 shows a representation of one section of a modular building arrangement according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first module unit (14) includes four elongate rectangular sections (10). It should be understood that these units can in some embodiments comprise separate structures which are interconnected using a connection means (21 ) and in other embodiments the sections can be integrally connected to one another.
  • the four sections (10) are arranged in a generally square configuration with one end of a section (10) abutting an inner side of a first adjacent section (10). This arrangement forms a substantially square shaped enclosed centre court (12) within the module unit (10), framed by each of the sections (10). In addition, the other end of each section (10) forms one of four projection portions (13).
  • each of the projection portions (13) extends in a generally clockwise direction (as indicated by arrow A) with respect to an adjacent section (10).
  • the second module unit (16) includes four elongate rectangular sections (10A).
  • the four sections (10A) are arranged in a generally square configuration with one end abutting an inner side of an adjacent section (10A) forming a substantially square shaped enclosed centre court (12A) within the module unit (10A), and four projection portions (15) which overextends the adjacent section (1 OA).
  • each of the projection portion (15) extends in a generally anticlockwise direction (as indicated by arrow B) with respect to an adjacent section (1 OA).
  • Each of the projection portions (13, 15) of each of the first module unit (14) and second module unit (16) can be used in the overall building arrangement to define, in conjunction with the sidewalls of adjoining module units (14, 16) spaces which may be used for specific purposes such as parking, walkways, fences, roads, lawns, balconies, exterior dividers or the like.
  • the projection portions (13, 15) can be used to interlock and/or interconnect adjoining module units (14, 16) together. This will be described in more detail later in the specification.
  • a building can be formed by laterally or vertically connecting two or more module units (14, 16) together.
  • module unit sections (14, 16) can be interconnected to form linear, branching or ring structures which extend in 2-dimensions or 3-dimensions.
  • Further module units (14, 16) can be added as a layer to the building as shown in Figs. 4A and
  • each modular building arrangement can have module units (14, 16) added, removed or replaced therefore providing a building arrangement in which every part is capable of further redevelopment.
  • the module units (14, 16) can be interconnected to form large frames which house part of and in some cases substantially all of the functions of a city.
  • first module unit (14) or second module unit (16) can provide a flexible basic module unit or building block for a building structure
  • a building arrangement can be made more versatile and constructed with greater structural strength if a combined module unit or sub-unit (17, 17A) is used comprising a vertical layering of the first module unit (14) and the second module unit (16).
  • Figs. 3A and 3B show two optimal sub-unit arrangements being a first sub-unit (17) and a second sub-unit (17A).
  • each of the module units (14, 16) and sub-unit (17, 17A) can further include a service unit (20) which can be attached to a section of one or more module units (14, 16).
  • the service units (20) comprise enclosures or structures which provide additional amenities, sustenance components and/or utility space to the module units (14, 16) or sub-unit to which it is attached.
  • the service unit (20) includes one or more of a bathroom, a toilet, a kitchen, a laundry, a stairwell, a balcony, a courtyard or the like.
  • the service units (20) can be attached to various parts of a module unit (14, 16) or sub-unit (17).
  • the service units (2) can be interchanged, removed or added as desired in order to reconfigure a particular module unit (14, 16) or sub-unit (17).
  • the building arrangement is not merely a collection of unrelated separate buildings and structures but an integrated combination of modular units (14, 16) and service units (20) which can, if necessary, be selectively extended through the addition of selected module units (14, 16), sub-units (17, 17A) and service units (20).
  • Each- sub-unit (17, 17A) forms the outer framework which contains one or more dwelling unit.
  • the interior of the dwelling unit can be arranged to be residential, industrial, commercial, community or the like.
  • the functional space within a module unit (14, 16), sub-unit (17, 17A) or other building arrangement is configured to meet a desired purpose. Therefore, in some dwelling units, the module units (14, 16) and sub- units (17, 17A) enclose a habitable, interior space which includes living areas, and bedrooms, and in other dwelling units the module units (14, 16) and sub- units (17, 17A) enclose boardrooms and workrooms.
  • the interior of the framework is typically divided using a cellular or box system in which modular room-size boxes are stacked within the enclosed space.
  • Internal support structures are used to support the aggregate structure of each sub-unit (17, 17A) and/or module unit (14, 16). Three such divisions are shown in Figs. 6A, 6B and 6C:
  • Fig. 6A there is shown one combination of dwellings units (21a to 21 e) into which the sub-unit (17) can be divided.
  • the sub-unit (17) is divided into five different dwelling unit configurations (21a to 21 e).
  • the sub-unit (17) can be divided into numerous other combinations of dwelling unit configurations.
  • each dwelling unit would have a number of service units (20) connected to provide the requisite sustenance components or utility space for that dwelling.
  • the service units (20) can be similarly divided into a number of interior spaces in order to provide associated services to the adjoining dwelling units.
  • An example of such associated divisions is shown in Figs. 6B and 6C.
  • FIG. 6B there is shown a symmetrical division of the sub-unit (17) in which the sub-unit (17) is divided into four identical dwelling units (23) each of which have a separate service unit (20) and stair unit (20A) attached. Each dwelling unit (23) has two levels (23a, 23b).
  • Fig. 6C illustrates yet another symmetrical division of the sub-unit (17) in which the sub-unit (17) is divided into four identical dwelling units (25) each of which have a separate service unit (20) and stair unit. (20A) attached. Unlike the division shown in Fig. 6B, the outer service units (20) have been subdivided in the division shown in Fig. 6C. This provides for service units (20) at two different locations within the layout of these dwelling units (25). Each dwelling unit (23) has two levels (25a, 25b).
  • Figs. 6A to 6C services such as water and electricity are ideally housed within the structural framework of each of the module units (14, 16) and service units (20), thus negating the need for excavation below ground level in order to connect or lay these services as is the current practice in the construction industry.
  • the dwelling units (23, 25) in the sub-units (17, 17A) are typically self-contained within a single sub-unit (17, 17A) and therefore provide complete living areas such as living, sleeping, cooking and bathroom areas within the walls of the sub-unit (17, 17A).
  • it could be necessary to accommodate larger or smaller families, businesses, industry or the like. Accordingly, it may be desirable to provide for passage from one sub-unit (17, 17A) to another through the juncture, and in this event the respective sub-units (17, 17A) would be provided with the appropriate internal facilities.
  • FIGS. 7A to 7H, 8A to 8D, 9A to 9I there is shown examples, of the possible interlocking combinations between the first module unit (14) and the second module unit (16) to form different building arrangements:
  • Figs. 7A to 7H provide examples of interlocking arrangements between module units (14, 16) in a single layer.
  • Fig. 7A shows two first module units (14) connected side by side
  • Fig. 7B shows two second module units (16) connected side by side
  • Fig. 7E shows two first module units (14) connected end to end
  • Fig. 7H shows five first module units connected in a grid like layer.
  • Each of these configurations provides different structural spaces between units in which service units (20), stairwells, roofing plates or nothing at all can be placed in order to customise a particular module unit (14, 16) or sub- unit (17, 17A).
  • each of the arrangements shown in Figs. 7A to 7H could comprise a single building arrangement or form part of a larger building arrangement where other module units (14, 16) are interconnected to these arrangements laterally, vertically or a combination thereof.
  • Figs. 8A to 8D provide examples of interlocking arrangements between sub- units (17, 17A) in a single layer.
  • Fig. 8A shows two first sub-units (17) connected side by side
  • Fig. 8B shows two second sub-units (17A) connected side by side
  • Fig. 8C shows a first sub-unit (17) connected to a second sub-unit (17A).
  • each of the arrangements shown in Figs. 8A to 8C could comprise a single building arrangement or form part of a larger building arrangement where other module units (14, 16) are interconnected to these arrangements laterally, vertically or a combination thereof, for example as shown in Fig. 8D in which the arrangement shown in Fig. 8A has been vertically extended using two second module units (16).
  • Figs. 9A to 9I Further examples are shown in Figs. 9A to 9I.
  • the module units (14, 16) can be interlocked in any suitable manner suiting the overlap and abutting relationship between adjacent and/or contacting module units (14, 16).
  • the interlockings (22) between the module units (14, 16) may vary in length, depending on the configuration of the intended building arrangement.
  • Figs. 8A and 8B provide vertical plane formations
  • Figs. 8C and 8D and Figs. 9D to 9F provide different types of terrace formations
  • Figs. 9A and 9G provide horizontal formations
  • Figs. 9B and 9H provide pyramid formations
  • Figs. 9C and 9I provide invented pyramid formations.
  • Each of the comprising module units (14, 16) include lateral interlockings (22) between module units (14, 16) in the longitudinal and transverse direction and in many cases also vertical interlockings (22A) in the vertical direction between module units (14, 16).
  • the interlockings (22, 22A) could include fastening means such as nails, screws, locking devices, bolts, rivets, adhesives or the like. In other embodiments, the interlockings could be welds. It is preferable, however that the module units (14, 16) are releasably secured together in order to allow the module unit (14, 16) or sub-unit (17, 17A) to be replaced when desired.
  • the fastenings (22 and 22A) would therefore ideally releasably secure adjoining module units (14 ; 16) together. In some instances this would be a clip fastening system, or a bolted system, where abutting surfaces or structure of adjoining module units (14, 16) are bolted together.
  • Module units (14, 16) and service units (20) can be interlocked or secured together using a joining mechanism that provides for panel-to-panel fastening. Again, this may be a bolting system as described above. In some instances, a drip lip (not illustrated) is provided between the module unit (14, 16) and the service unit (20) to enhance the water tightness of interlocked panels.
  • the interlockings (22) between the first module unit (14), second module unit (16) and the subsequent layers can be selected from the same interlocking mechanism or different interlocking mechanisms, depending on the needs of the users.
  • Figs. 10A to 10E Possible structural arrangements of the module units (14, 16) in an overall building arrangement complex (40, 42, 44, 46, 48) are illustrated in Figs. 10A to 10E. Each of these arrangements are formed in three layers, having a top layer (50), intermediate later (52) and bottom layer (54) arranged in a generally square pyramid type configuration. It should however be appreciated that each arrangement (40, 42, 44, 46, 48) could include additional layers which vertically extend the pyramid configuration of each respective arrangement (40, 42, 44, 46, 48).
  • Each of the arrangements (40, 42, 44, 46, 48) comprise a continuous structure, in which each constituent module unit (14, 16) is connected to one or more adjoining module units (14, 16) thereby transferring load between and through connections between each of the constituent module units (14, 16) and continuously through the continuous structure.
  • the continuity of the continuous structure distributes any load applied to an individual module unit (14, 16) or other component through the continuous structure as a whole.
  • the second sub-units (17A) in this pyramid arrangement (40) are interconnected in a lattice type framework.
  • the projection sections (13, 15) of each sub-unit (17A) are interlocked together.
  • the base of the projection sections (13, 15) of sub-unit (17A) on the top layer (50) are seated on top of and interlocked with the upper surfaces of the projection sections (13, 15) of sub-unit (17A) on the intermediate layer (52).
  • each sub-unit (17A) in the intermediate layer (52) is seated on top of and interlocked with the upper surfaces of the projection sections (13, 15) of sub-unit (17A) on the bottom layer (54).
  • Each sub-unit (17A) on the bottom layer (54) is secured to or otherwise affixed to the ground G.
  • This arrangement transfers forces directly through the interconnected projections (13, 15) of each layer (50, 52, 54) as indicated by the arrows. In this respect, any forces applied to the structure transfer through the connected projections (13, 15) to the bottom layer (54) and to the ground G.
  • This linking configuration can be used for other continuous structures such as an inverted pyramid arrangement, horizontal platform or the like.
  • Fig. 10B shows another rectangular pyramid building arrangement (42) formed from an interconnected array of second sub-units (17A).
  • the second sub-units (17A) in this pyramid arrangement (42) are interconnected through interlocking projection sections (13, 15), however, each of the second sub-units (17A) intermediate layer (52) and top layer (50) are supported on platforms (60) held on the ground using a series or vertical columns (62) and lateral beams (not illustrated).
  • Each module unit (14, 16) effectively rests on the platform (60) and column (62) arrangement.
  • columns (62), beams and platforms (60) (cast on site or pre-cast) can be erected on site.
  • Fig. 10C shows yet another rectangular pyramid building arrangement (44) formed from an interconnected array of second sub-units (17A).
  • each sub-unit (17A) in this pyramid arrangement (44) is interconnected through interlocking projection sections (13, 15) in a similar manner as described for the lattice structure (40) illustrated in Fig. 10A.
  • the pyramid arrangement (44) is raised above ground level through the use of four central columns (64) which pass through and secure with the centre court (12) of each of the sub-units (17A) of the intermediate layer (52).
  • the centre court (12) can be attached or affixed using any suitable means, such as bolting, welding, fastening means or the like.
  • Fig. 1OD shows a hanging support arrangement for a rectangular pyramid building arrangement (46) formed from an interconnected array of second sub- units (17A).
  • a central core or pylon (68) is erected, and a cable (72) is strung between the apex (71) of the central pylon (68) and a perimeter anchor such as a ground anchor, or as illustrated, perimeter posts (70).
  • the rectangular pyramid building arrangement (46) is constructed with the central pylon (68) passing through the centre court (12) of the sub-units (17A) of the top layer (50) and with each sub-unit (17B) along the diagonal suspended from the cable (72) using suspension cables (74). As shown by the arrows in the figure, forces applied to the arrangement (44) are transferred through each sub-unit (17A) to the sub-units (17B) on the diagonal and then through the suspension cables (74) and cables (72) through the perimeter posts (70) and central pylon (68) to the ground G.
  • Fig. 10E shows one form of tensegrity type structure (48) in which a building arrangement according to the present invention can be configured.
  • a building arrangement based on tensegrity has a discontinuous compression and continuos tension system of structure.
  • a tensegrity type structure is mechanically stable because of the way in which the structure balances and distributes the mechanical stress.
  • each module unit (14, 16) includes a four compression poles (74) positioned at a corner of each projection section (13, 15).
  • Each sub-unit (17A) therefore includes eight compression poles (74).
  • Each compression pole (74) is interlinked with another compression pole (74) using a tension cable (76) throughout the structure (48).
  • the compression poles (74) are designed to transfer compression forces downwardly through the structure, and the tension cables (76) are designed to transfer tension forces laterally throughout the structure (48).
  • the particular arrangement of compression poles (74), and continuous tensional cable (76) throughout structure forms a tensegrity structure.
  • Fig 10F shows a model of the interconnections of another tensegrity type structural system (49).
  • each module (17A) is interconnected by vertical compression struts (77), hoop cables (78) which laterally loop around the top and bottom of a layer of compression struts (77) and ridge cables (79) and valley cables (80) which longitudinally and transversely interconnect the compression struts in a particular layer.
  • Static analysis of the structural system (49) indicates that all members of the hoop (78), ridge (79) and valley (80) cables are in tension whilst all those of the compression struts (77) are in compression.
  • the structural system (49) shown therefore behaves like a tensegrity systems in which the compression members (struts (77)) are discontinuo ⁇ sly distributed whilst those of the tension members (cables (77, 78, 79 and 80)) are continuously distributed.
  • each of the structures shown in Figs. 10A to 10F distribute forces applied to the structure in generally different ways.
  • the cable (76) connecting adjoining module units (14, 16) is placed in tensioned in response to a force exerted on an adjacent unit (14, 16).
  • the interlocking arrangement between each sub-unit (17A) directs the forces from one sub-unit (17A) to an adjacent sub-unit (17A) and transfers this load to the ground.
  • Figs. 11A to 11 N show the possible geometric formations of building arrangements according to the preferred embodiments of the present invention that can be formed by interlocking a plurality of module units (14, 16) and sub- units (17A).
  • Examples of possible formations are a horizontal plane formation (Fig 11A), pyramid (Fig. 11 B), invented pyramid (Fig. 11 C), octahedron (Fig. 11 D), octagon (Fig. 11 E), frusto-octagonal pyramid (Fig. 11 F), inverted frusto- octagonal pyramid (Fig. 11G) and pentagonal cupola (Fig. 11 H).
  • Figs. 11A to 10E show the possible geometric formations of building arrangements according to the preferred embodiments of the present invention that can be formed by interlocking a plurality of module units (14, 16) and sub- units (17A).
  • Examples of possible formations are a horizontal plane formation (Fig 11A), pyramid (Fig. 11 B), invented pyramid (Fig. 11 C), oct
  • a building arrangement is a pyramid formation, as illustrated in Fig. 11 B.
  • forces can be transferred through the structure in a longitudinal direction, in a transverse direction and also circumferentially in the form of ring forces. Any applied force is transferred through the pyramid structure in these directions.
  • the form of the pyramid is arranged create an internal balance of ferees which divide and transfer the forces to result in an equilibrium. This form of pyramid structure can therefore be extremely strong in comparison to other geometrical formations.
  • FIG. 12 there is shown one preferred form of a building arrangement (80) according to the present invention.
  • Each individual building (18) is formed from a combination of module units (14, 16) and service units (20) which are interconnected to form the overall building structure.
  • the upper layer of module units (14, 16) have additional roof structures (82), towers (84) and the like arranged on the basic module unit (14, 16) shape.
  • the overall building arrangement (80) forms a series of dwellings that are stacked in specific manner forming the skeleton of a community. The idea is to create a flexible space capable of continuous modification and designed to counteract obsolescence.
  • the arrangement of the module units creates a regular array which maintains right-angle in the buildings (18) and service units (20),
  • This structure is advantageous, because structures comprised of right- angles makes optimal use of space and ideally can be filled more easily.
  • the modular arrangement and structure of the building is amenable for individual module units (14, 16), sub-units (17, 17A), buildings (18) and service units (20) to be independently added, altered and removed.
  • This allows the building arrangement (80) flexibility to grow, develop and change.
  • the illustrated building arrangement (80) can easily grow in its supporting structure and the enclosed structures so that it can be raised or extended without detailed advance planning.
  • Module units (14, 16), sub-units (17, 17A) and service units (20) can be can be added, replaced or removed in both a lateral and vertical direction.
  • the module units (14, 16),. sub-units (17, 17A), buildings (18) and service units (20) used in a particular building arrangement are preferably designed to be pre-constructed as complete living units in a factory and then transported to the construction site. In some embodiments, these items are mass produced using a machine production system. In such an arrangement, various models of module units (14, 16), service units (20) or the like could be mass produced ranging from basic dwelling fittings to a more luxurious configuration. However, it should be appreciated that in other embodiments the module units (14, 16), sub-units (17, 17A), buildings (18) and service units (20) could also be constructed in-situ at the construction site.
  • the buildings (18) and service units (20) are assembled or attached one with another as to define a strong multiple-housing arrangement. It will be understood that the further units (18, 20) may be fabricated at a factory as a prefabricated module with attached sub-units or with the sub-units fabricated separately and then assembled or otherwise interlocked together on site.
  • the building arrangement in which the structure is raise above ground level on supports (for example the building arrangement (44) shown in Fig, 10C) or suspended on cables (for example the building arrangement (46) shown in Fig, 10D), the building arrangement could be constructed to be substantially free of traffic. In such an arrangement, any traffic could run parallel to and/or under the building arrangement. Accordingly, such a building arrangement would not include any busy roads, thereby having safe and protected connections throughout the structure. Access to the structure and walkways of the building arrangement would be by means of free-standing ⁇ stairs, escalators lifts or other elevating means.
  • the roof of the arrangement can be could include pathways (29), roads (24), boulevards or gardens. Garages could be provided beneath or on the perimeter of the structure for any vehicle owned by an occupant of the building arrangement.
  • Circulation networks such as pathways (29), roads (28) or streets (30) can be formed at any desired level between module units (14, 16), sub-units (17, 17A) and buildings (18) to provide flow lines throughout the building arrangement. Separate circulation networks could be created for vehicles, pedestrians, cyclists or the like thus separating vehicle traffic from pedestrian paths.
  • no traffic would be allowed under the building arrangement.
  • a park, garden, path (29) or a pedestrian street (30) could be provided under the building arrangement where pedestrians and cyclists will be allowed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de construction modulaire. Le dispositif de construction modulaire comprend deux ou plusieurs unités de module interconnectées (14, 16). Chaque unité de module (14, 16) comprend quatre sections (10, 10A) allongées interconnectées, chaque section (10, 10A) étant disposée avec une extrémité coupant un côté interne d'une première section adjacente (10, 10A) et les côtés internes de chaque section (10, 10A) formant un cadre continu autour d'une zone centrale (12, 12A), et l'autre extrémité s'étendant au-delà du côté externe d'une seconde section adjacente (10, 10A) formant une section de projection (13, 15). Le dispositif permet à des unités de module (14, 16) d'être ajoutées ou retirées à tout moment.
PCT/MY2006/000012 2006-09-25 2006-09-25 Dispositif de construction modulaire WO2008039054A1 (fr)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2606765A (en) * 2021-05-20 2022-11-23 Sano Development Ltd Modular building, kit and method
GB2606766A (en) * 2021-05-20 2022-11-23 Sano Development Ltd Modular building, kit and method
WO2022243696A1 (fr) * 2021-05-20 2022-11-24 Sano Development Limited Construction modulaire, kit et procédé

Citations (8)

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GB1034101A (en) * 1962-01-27 1966-06-29 Elcon Ag Improvements in and relating to prefabricated buildings
US3629983A (en) * 1969-09-02 1971-12-28 Louis J Jenn Preconstructed multiple unit housing
DE2061611A1 (de) * 1970-12-15 1972-08-10 Jorg Schroeder Aus vorgefertigten Bauteilen zusammengesetztes Wohnbauwerk
DE2333936A1 (de) * 1973-02-21 1974-08-29 Ferenc Fuezesi Gebaeudekomplex
US3940890A (en) * 1974-09-24 1976-03-02 Skycell Corporation Modular accommodation system
DE2702357A1 (de) * 1977-01-21 1978-07-27 Joerg Schroeder Hochbauwerk
US4207715A (en) * 1978-09-14 1980-06-17 Kitrick Christopher J Tensegrity module structure and method of interconnecting the modules
FR2444128A1 (fr) * 1978-12-13 1980-07-11 Metalex International Sa Procede de prefabrication de batiments, elements prefabriques necessaires a sa mise en oeuvre et batiments prefabriques ainsi obtenus

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1034101A (en) * 1962-01-27 1966-06-29 Elcon Ag Improvements in and relating to prefabricated buildings
US3629983A (en) * 1969-09-02 1971-12-28 Louis J Jenn Preconstructed multiple unit housing
DE2061611A1 (de) * 1970-12-15 1972-08-10 Jorg Schroeder Aus vorgefertigten Bauteilen zusammengesetztes Wohnbauwerk
DE2333936A1 (de) * 1973-02-21 1974-08-29 Ferenc Fuezesi Gebaeudekomplex
US3940890A (en) * 1974-09-24 1976-03-02 Skycell Corporation Modular accommodation system
DE2702357A1 (de) * 1977-01-21 1978-07-27 Joerg Schroeder Hochbauwerk
US4207715A (en) * 1978-09-14 1980-06-17 Kitrick Christopher J Tensegrity module structure and method of interconnecting the modules
FR2444128A1 (fr) * 1978-12-13 1980-07-11 Metalex International Sa Procede de prefabrication de batiments, elements prefabriques necessaires a sa mise en oeuvre et batiments prefabriques ainsi obtenus

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2606765A (en) * 2021-05-20 2022-11-23 Sano Development Ltd Modular building, kit and method
GB2606766A (en) * 2021-05-20 2022-11-23 Sano Development Ltd Modular building, kit and method
WO2022243696A1 (fr) * 2021-05-20 2022-11-24 Sano Development Limited Construction modulaire, kit et procédé
WO2022243694A3 (fr) * 2021-05-20 2022-12-29 Sano Development Limited Système de bâtiment hybride, bâtiment et procédé
WO2022243693A3 (fr) * 2021-05-20 2023-01-12 Sano Development Limited Système de bâtiment hybride, bâtiment et procédé
GB2606765B (en) * 2021-05-20 2023-08-23 Sano Development Ltd Modular building, kit and method
GB2606766B (en) * 2021-05-20 2023-09-06 Sano Development Ltd Modular building, kit and method
GB2619141A (en) * 2021-05-20 2023-11-29 Sano Development Ltd Hybrid building system, building and method
US11885145B2 (en) 2021-05-20 2024-01-30 Sano Development Limited Hybrid building system, building and method

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