WO2008038902A1 - Réchauffeur d'air de pile à combustible - Google Patents

Réchauffeur d'air de pile à combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008038902A1
WO2008038902A1 PCT/KR2007/003893 KR2007003893W WO2008038902A1 WO 2008038902 A1 WO2008038902 A1 WO 2008038902A1 KR 2007003893 W KR2007003893 W KR 2007003893W WO 2008038902 A1 WO2008038902 A1 WO 2008038902A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
fuel cell
housing
stack
cathode
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2007/003893
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hyung-Kyu Youk
Jung-Gyu Park
Hyun-Jae Lee
Original Assignee
Lg Electronics Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lg Electronics Inc. filed Critical Lg Electronics Inc.
Publication of WO2008038902A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008038902A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
    • H01M8/04126—Humidifying
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2484—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by external manifolds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04037—Electrical heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air preheater of a fuel cell, and more particularly, to an air preheater of a fuel cell, in which the air is preheated using heat generated from a stack.
  • a fuel cell system is an electrochemical device that directly converts the chemical energy of hydrogen (H ) and oxygen (O ) into the electrical energy.
  • the fuel cell is divided into AFC, PAGC, MCFC, SOFC, and PEMFC depending on an operation temperature and a type of a main fuel cell.
  • the PEMFC fuel cell has an electrolyte such as solid polymer membrane not liquid polymer membrane.
  • the PEMFC fuel cell refines only H from a CH based fuel cell such as LNG and LPG through desulfuration -> reforming reaction -> hydrogen refining process in a reformer, and supplies the refined hydrogen to an anode of a stack to use it as a fuel.
  • the fuel cell hydrogen is supplied to the anode and at the same time the air including oxygen continues to be supplied to a cathode. Also, the fuel cell directly converts energy difference before and after an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen into the electrical energy through the electrochemical reaction. In this case, the fuel cell generates reaction heat and water as byproducts along with the electrical energy.
  • FIG. 1 is a distribution diagram illustrating some of a conventional fuel cell.
  • the conventional fuel cell is provided in a machine room of a basement of an apartment house, for example, and includes a reformer 10 refining hydrogen from a CH based fuel, a plurality of stacks 20 having an anode 21 connected to a fuel supply line Ll of the reformer 10 and a cathode 22 connected to an air supply line L2 in the air, provided in each home, a plurality of electric conversion units 30 converting the electricity generated from each stack 20 and supplying the converted electricity to load, and a plurality of stack cooling units 40 supplying cooling water to each stack 20 and cooling reaction heat generated from each stack 20.
  • a fuel humidifier 51 and a fuel heater 52 are respectively provided in the middle of the fuel supply line Ll.
  • An air filter 53, an air pump 54, an air humidifier 55 and an air heater 56 are respectively provided in the middle of the air supply line L2.
  • Each of the stack cooling units 40 includes a pure tank 41 where DI water is stored at a certain range, and a pure circular line 42 connected between the pure tank 41 and the stacks 20 in a closed circuit type.
  • a reference numeral 43 denotes a cooling water tank, and a reference numeral 44 denotes a cooling fan.
  • the CH based fuel such as LNG is reformed in the reformer 10 to obtain a refined hydrogen.
  • the refined hydrogen is supplied to the anode 21 of each stack 20 and the air is supplied to the cathode 22 of each stack 20, so that an oxidation reaction occurs in the anode 21 and a reduction reaction occurs in the cathode 22.
  • electrons are generated and move from the anode 21 to the cathode 22, so that the electrical energy and the heat energy are generated, wherein the electrical energy is supplied to electric home appliances of each home and the heat energy is used for room heating or to make hot water.
  • the internal heat generated from the stack 20 is reused by circulating the cooling water while the external heat self-emitted from the stack 20 is not reused but exhausted, whereby heat efficiency of the whole system is lowered.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an air preheater of a fuel cell, in which a temperature of oxygen supplied to an anode of a stack is maintained uniformly to lower power consumption of a system.
  • an air preheater of a fuel cell which comprises a stack provided with an anode to which hydrogen is supplied and a cathode to which oxygen is supplied, generating electrical energy and heat energy through an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, a housing provided with an inner space for receiving the stack therein, having an air suction hole at a sidewall, an air fan provided inside the housing to suck the air into the inner space of the housing, and an air supply line connected between an outlet of the air fan and an inlet of the cathode, guiding the air inside the housing, which is exhausted by the air fan, to the cathode of the stack.
  • an air preheater of a fuel cell which comprises a stack provided with an anode to which hydrogen is supplied and a cathode to which oxygen is supplied, generating electrical energy and heat energy through an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, a housing provided with an inner space for receiving the stack therein, having an air suction hole and an air exhaust hole at a sidewall, an air fan provided outside the housing to suck the air into the inner space of the housing, and an air supply line connected between an outlet of the air fan and an inlet of the cathode, guiding the air inside the housing, which is exhausted by the air fan, to the cathode of the stack.
  • the air supply line is arranged in the inner space of the housing that maintains a certain temperature so as to, in advance, prevent the temperature of the air passing through the air supply line from being lowered.
  • a separate heater is not required or load applied to the heater is reduced even though the heater is provided, thereby enhancing electric efficiency of the whole system.
  • FIG. 1 is a distribution diagram illustrating some of a conventional fuel cell
  • FIG. 2 is a distribution diagram illustrating some of a fuel cell according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating an air preheater of a fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating an air preheater of a fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating an air preheater of a fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention. Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
  • FIG. 1 is a distribution diagram illustrating some of a conventional fuel cell
  • FIG. 2 is a distribution diagram illustrating some of a fuel cell according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view illustrating an air preheater of a fuel cell according to one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating an air preheater of a fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating an air preheater of a fuel cell according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the air preheater of the fuel cell according to the present invention can be applied to a single house and an apartment house, wherein the single house includes all of parts such as a reformer and a stack inside a system case, and the apartment house includes a reformer and a plurality of stacks connected to the reformer in parallel so that each stack is provided in each home of the apartment house.
  • the fuel cell provided with the air preheater includes a reformer 10 that refines hydrogen from a CH based fuel at a machine room provided in a basement of the apartment house, a plurality of stacks 20 connected to the reformer 10 in parallel, generating the electrical energy and the heat energy through an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, each stack being provided in each home, an electric conversion unit 30 converting the electricity generated from the stack 20 and connected to the stack 20 to supply the converted electricity to load, and a stack cooling unit 40 supplying the cooling water to the stack 20 to cool the reaction heat generated from the stack 20.
  • a housing 110 having a predetermined inner space is provided in a contour of the stack 20 to receive the stack 20 therein.
  • An air fan 120 is provided at one side of the stack 20 to suck the air into the inner space of the housing 110, thereby cooling the external heat generated from the stack 20 and supplying the air to a cathode 22 of the stack 20.
  • a humidifier 130 is provided in an air supply line L2 between the air fan 120 and the cathode 22 of the stack 20 to humidify the air supplied to the cathode 22.
  • the housing 110 has a sidewall formed of an insulating material, and is provided with a partition 113 to divide its inner space into a stack space 111 provided with the stack 20 and a fan space 112 provided with the air fan 120.
  • An air suction hole 11 Ia is formed at one side of the stack space 111 to suck the air, and an air vent hole 113a is formed at the center of the partition 113 to communicate the stack space 111 and the fan space 112 with each other.
  • the air suction hole 11 Ia is formed at the end of the stack space 111 so that the air sucked into the stack space 111 of the housing 110 is supplied to the fan space 112 through a place far away from the air fan 120.
  • the air suction hole 11 Ia is inclined in a direction far away from the air fan 120 toward the inside from the outside.
  • the air suction hole 11 Ia is inclined in an enlarged direction of a diameter of a virtual line connecting a central line toward the inside from the outside of the housing 110.
  • the air suction hole 11 Ia is formed such that an inner diameter is enlarged toward the inside from the outside of the housing 110.
  • the air vent hole 113a of the partition 113 is provided with an air filter 140 such as a net sieve to filter foreign materials in the air while smoothly passing through the air.
  • the air fan 120 as shown in FIG. 2, is provided in the fan space 112 of the housing
  • the air fan 120 is preferably provided at the shortest distance between the stack 20 and the cathode 22 to reduce pressure loss of the air.
  • the air fan 120 may be provided in the fan space 112 partitioned by the partition 113.
  • the air fan 120 may be provided together in the stack space 111 as the case may be. In this case, the fan space 112 is not required.
  • the humidifier 130 is provided in the middle of the air supply line L2 connected to the outlet of the air fan 120, and is connected to an air exhaust line L3 at the outlet of the cathode 22 so that the dry air supplied to the cathode 22 of the stack 20 through the air supply line L2 sucks the water from the wet air passing through the stack 20.
  • a reference numeral 41 denotes a pure tank
  • a reference numeral 42 denotes a pure circular line
  • a reference numeral 43 denotes a cooling water tank
  • a reference numeral 44 denotes a cooling fan.
  • the air preheater of the fuel cell according to the present invention is operated as follows. [43] The CH based fuel is reformed in the reformer 10 to obtain a refined hydrogen. The refined hydrogen is supplied to the anode 21 of each stack 20 while the air is supplied to the cathode 22 of each stack 20, so that an oxidation reaction occurs in the anode 21 and a reduction reaction occurs in the cathode 22. In this case, electrons are generated and move from the anode 21 to the cathode 22, so that the electrical energy and the heat energy are generated and then supplied to each home.
  • the air fan 120 provided in the fan space 112 of the housing 110 is operated so that the dry air in the air is sucked into the stack space 111 of the housing 110 through the air suction hole 11 Ia of the housing 110, and the dry air sucked into the stack space 111 is emitted from the stack 20 and heated by the external heat confined in the stack space 111 of the housing 110 at a proper temperature.
  • the heated dry air is moved to the fan space 112 through the air filter 140 provided in the air vent hole 113a of the partition 113 inside the housing 110.
  • the dry air is sucked into the air fan 120 and then supplied to the cathode 22 by passing through the humidifier 130 through the air supply line L2.
  • the humidifier 130 may be provided outside the housing 110 if the humidifier 130 has a great capacity as shown in FIG. 4. In this case, the air supplied to the air supply line L2 is maintained at a certain temperature so that the electric efficiency of the whole system is enhanced and the external heat emitted from the stack is reused, thereby enhancing the heat efficiency of the whole system.
  • the detailed description of the humidifier 130 is the same as that of the aforementioned description and thus will be omitted.
  • the air fan is provided inside the housing in the aforementioned embodiments, the air fan may be provided outside the housing in the same manner as this embodiment.
  • an air suction hole 21 Ia is formed at one sidewall of the housing 210 so that an inner space 211 communicates with the outside.
  • An air exhaust hole 21 Ib is formed at the other sidewall of the housing 210, and an inlet of the air fan 220 is fixed to the outside wall of the housing 210 to directly communicate with the air exhaust hole 21 Ib.
  • the sidewall of the housing 210 is insulated and a humidifier 230 is provided in the inner space 211 of the housing 210 or outside the housing 210 in the same manner as the aforementioned embodiments.
  • the air suction hole 21 Ia is also formed in the same manner as the aforementioned embodiments.
  • an air filter (not shown) is provided in the air suction hole 21 Ia or the air exhaust hole 21 Ib to prevent foreign materials in the air from being supplied to the cathode 22 through the air fan 220.
  • the inner space 211 of the housing 210 does not require a separate fan space as the air fan 220 is provided outside the housing 210, whereby the housing 210 can easily be manufactured and its volume can be reduced.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un réchauffeur d'air d'une pile à combustible. On dispose un conduit d'alimentation en air dans un espace intérieur d'un boîtier recevant un empilement de façon à prévenir une baisse de la température de l'air traversant le conduit d'alimentation en air. Par conséquent, il n'est pas nécessaire de recourir à un dispositif de chauffage séparé pour empêcher le refroidissement de l'air dans le conduit d'alimentation en air, ou, même lorsqu'un dispositif de chauffage est utilisé, la charge appliquée sur le dispositif est réduite, ce qui permet d'augmenter l'efficacité électrique du système dans son ensemble. Par ailleurs, étant donné que l'air acheminé vers l'empilement est préchauffé au moyen de la chaleur générée à partir de l'empilement, le rendement thermique de l'ensemble du système peut être amélioré.
PCT/KR2007/003893 2006-09-25 2007-08-14 Réchauffeur d'air de pile à combustible WO2008038902A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020060093180A KR100774472B1 (ko) 2006-09-25 2006-09-25 연료전지의 공기 예열 장치
KR10-2006-0093180 2006-09-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008038902A1 true WO2008038902A1 (fr) 2008-04-03

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PCT/KR2007/003893 WO2008038902A1 (fr) 2006-09-25 2007-08-14 Réchauffeur d'air de pile à combustible

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WO (1) WO2008038902A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2581973A1 (fr) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-17 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Dispositif de production d'électricité à pile à combustible et son procédé de démarrage
JP2016122502A (ja) * 2014-12-24 2016-07-07 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池ユニット
WO2021058283A1 (fr) * 2019-09-25 2021-04-01 Mahle International Gmbh Sous-système d'air de cathode et système d'air de cathode

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101328584B1 (ko) * 2011-09-29 2013-11-12 한국과학기술연구원 삼중열병합 발전시스템
KR101435391B1 (ko) * 2012-08-23 2014-08-28 삼성중공업 주식회사 연료전지 시스템
KR101435392B1 (ko) * 2012-08-23 2014-08-28 삼성중공업 주식회사 연료전지 시스템
JP6643305B2 (ja) * 2017-12-25 2020-02-12 本田技研工業株式会社 加熱装置及び水電解システム

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05290868A (ja) * 1992-04-09 1993-11-05 Fuji Electric Co Ltd パッケ−ジ型燃料電池発電装置の換気構造
US20020127446A1 (en) * 2001-02-27 2002-09-12 Tetsuya Ueda Fuel cell generation system and method
JP2005100722A (ja) * 2003-09-24 2005-04-14 Hitachi Ltd 燃料電池パッケージ

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09199152A (ja) * 1996-01-19 1997-07-31 Toshiba Corp パッケージ型燃料電池発電プラントの換気方法
JP2004253259A (ja) 2003-02-20 2004-09-09 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 燃料電池プラントの制御装置
US20070048572A1 (en) 2005-09-01 2007-03-01 Keith Oglesby Fuel cell system enclosure

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH05290868A (ja) * 1992-04-09 1993-11-05 Fuji Electric Co Ltd パッケ−ジ型燃料電池発電装置の換気構造
US20020127446A1 (en) * 2001-02-27 2002-09-12 Tetsuya Ueda Fuel cell generation system and method
JP2005100722A (ja) * 2003-09-24 2005-04-14 Hitachi Ltd 燃料電池パッケージ

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2581973A1 (fr) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-17 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Dispositif de production d'électricité à pile à combustible et son procédé de démarrage
FR2981510A1 (fr) * 2011-10-14 2013-04-19 Air Liquide Dispositif de production d'electricite a pile a combustible et son procede de demarrage
US20130280630A1 (en) * 2011-10-14 2013-10-24 Air Liquide, Societe Anonyme pour Etude et Exploitation des Procedes Georges Claude Fuel Cell Electricity Production Device and Associated Startup Method
JP2016122502A (ja) * 2014-12-24 2016-07-07 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池ユニット
WO2021058283A1 (fr) * 2019-09-25 2021-04-01 Mahle International Gmbh Sous-système d'air de cathode et système d'air de cathode

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Publication number Publication date
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