WO2008031271A1

WO2008031271A1 - Anchor bolt for architecture

Info

Publication number: WO2008031271A1
Application number: PCT/CN2006/002344
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bin Qu
Original assignee: Bin Qu
Priority date: 2006-09-11
Filing date: 2006-09-11
Publication date: 2008-03-20

Abstract

An anchor bolt for architecture is composed of a screw nut (1), a screw (2) and at least two expansion elements (3). The screw includes a threaded section (21) and a bolt head (23). The screw nut is screwed at the threaded section. Each expansion element is inserted at the outside of the threaded section. The same ends of all expansion elements form a plurality of expansion pieces (31), and the other ends of the elements form wedged surfaces (32) to meet the adjacent expansion pieces. The screw nut or the screw forms wedged surface to meet the pieces. The bolt according to the invention has good self-locked ability, stability and security.

Description

CONSTRUCTION ANCHOR FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the technical field of building anchors and to a building anchor. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Since the invention of the first anchor bolt in Germany in the 1950s, the research, production and application of anchor bolts have been more than 50 years old. With the comprehensive development of old houses, structural reinforcement, increase of layering engineering, upgrading of indoor and outdoor decoration of buildings, various building curtain wall installations, nuclear power plant construction, construction of subways and city railways, and favorable post-anchor connection technology Rapid development.

In developed countries and regions, anchor bolts are used in a wide range of applications, including construction, roads, bridges, subways, water conservancy and nuclear power plants. Internationally, Europe, Germany, France, the United States, Japan and other countries have carried out extensive research and testing on the products and applications of anchor bolts, and new types of anchor bolt products have been introduced.

In the building structure, due to the reliability of its anchoring and the flexibility of installation, anchor bolts are gradually replacing embedded parts in many aspects, such as shelf fixing, equipment installation, glass curtain wall installation, external stone, external thermal insulation material anchoring, It is widely used in door and window installation, road guardrails, pipe supports, building decoration, and building renovation and reinforcement, making it a promising product.

Inflated and rear-cut building anchors belong to a class of products. The advantage is that the installation is convenient. The disadvantage is that the expansion stress is concentrated, and the expansion belt area is quite limited, generally not exceeding the cross-sectional area of the anchor bolt. When the anchor is pre-tensioned, the stress generated by the anchor in the expansion band is sufficient to cause cracking of the substrate concrete. When the anchor load increases, the crack then spreads. Although the crack propagation is not easily found, the actual situation is that the substrate concrete has been completely destroyed. When the load continues or further increases, the failure of the substrate concrete forms a large cone phenomenon.

Please analyze the mechanical model of the conventional building anchors as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

When the anchor is subjected to the external force F, the force f is inevitably balanced between the expansion band of the anchor and the concrete (substrate), so that the anchored member can be effectively fixed.

Normally, C25 strength grade concrete is widely used, and the compressive strength value of C25 is 25N/mm ² , that is, ²⁵ MPa. When high-strength grade concrete C55 is used, the compressive strength of C55 is 55N/mra ² , which is 55Mpa. When the concrete is subjected to an external force, when the value of the pressure is less than the standard strength value of the concrete, the concrete is reliable and the anchoring member is safe. When the value of the pressure is greater than the standard strength value of the concrete, the concrete will be damaged or destroyed immediately, and the anchoring member is dangerous.

At present, the types of construction anchors used are: post-expanding column taper anchors, rear-expanding shallow-buried anchors, torque-controlled follow-up expansion casing anchors, and torque-controlled follow-up expansion screw anchors. Bolt, torque controlled screw anchor. The mechanical properties of the above various types of anchors can be described by Figure 1. Obviously, whether the anchored component is safe or not depends mainly on the anchor expansion zone of the anchor bolt and the concrete phase, and the effective contact area of the anchor expansion zone directly reflects the safety performance of the anchor in the same grade concrete. As seen from the Mechanical Design Manual's Jointing and Fastening section, the expansion band of the rear-expanding column taper anchor is the largest, and the effective contact area is maximum: π (D ² - d ² ) /4, where D is The pore diameter of the concrete, d is the anchor screw diameter.

Examples are as follows:

Rear expansion column taper anchor type: FZA22 X 125M16/60

d^l6 leg, calculated the cross-sectional area of the anchor bolt ScF201mm ² ,

D^22mm, calculated the maximum contact area of the anchor expansion belt S _D = 179mm ² ,

When C35, without cracking concrete, ignore the influence of margins. It is found that the design value of the tensile bearing capacity of the concrete cone is N _R d, e =1. 54 X 32. 2^50KN, the calculated local compressive load of the concrete cone is N=50KN/179mm ² ^279 Mpa , Obvious: 1, C35 standard intensity value is 35N/mm ² , which is 35Mpa. Part of the concrete is subjected to a load of 279 Mpa, which leads to the generation and diffusion of local cracks in the concrete, which is the main cause of concrete cone failure. 2. The load of the post-expansion column taper bolt is only 249Mpa (50KN/201mm ² ). The 8.8 level building anchors have a tensile load of 800 MPa.

The present invention is derived from the above analysis:

1. The ability of the building anchor bolt to be subjected to the tensile load cannot be fully reflected;

2. The contact area of the effective transmission force of various types of building anchors is quite limited, and it has become customary to force cracks in non-cracked concrete to be very serious;

Third, the traditional expansion method of building anchors must be broken in order to effectively protect the concrete structure from damage, and at the same time fully demonstrate the excellent ability of the anchor bolts to receive the load and ensure the safety of the anchored members. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a building anchor that can effectively protect the structure of concrete from being damaged, and at the same time fully demonstrates the excellent ability of the anchor bolt to be subjected to tensile loads to ensure the safety of the anchored member.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention consists of a nut, a screw and at least two expansion members. The screw has a threaded section and a bolt head. The nut is screwed onto the threaded section, and a plurality of expansion members are placed one by one on the threaded section of the screw. And the same end of each expansion member forms a plurality of expansion sheets, and the other end corresponds to the adjacent expansion piece to form a wedge-shaped surface, and the nut or the screw corresponding to the expansion piece also forms a wedge-shaped surface.

Wherein, the screw is divided into two sections of fine inner and outer thick, the inner section is a thread section, and the outer section has a bolt head for screwing.

The bolt head is integrally formed directly on the outer section of the screw. The bolt head and the outer section of the screw are separately formed, and an inner threaded hole is formed at an outer end portion of the screw, and one end of the bolt head is fixed to the outer section of the screw in cooperation with the internally threaded hole.

Each of the expansion members is formed by a plurality of slits toward one end of the nut to form a plurality of expansion sheets, and the nut forms a wedge surface corresponding to the expansion sheets.

Each of the expansion members faces a bolt head end of the screw to form a plurality of expansion sheets by slitting a plurality of slits, and the screw forms a wedge surface corresponding to the expansion sheets.

A plurality of expansion sheets are formed at two ends of each of the expansion members, and a wedge-shaped surface is formed corresponding to the adjacent expansion sheets at intervals, and a plurality of expansion sheets are formed on the nut, and the spacing between the nuts and the corresponding expansion sheets on the screw are also Form a wedge face.

The threaded section of the screw is also threadedly engaged with a set of screws, expansion members and nuts.

A plurality of expansion sheets are formed at both ends of each of the expansion members, and a wedge-shaped surface is formed corresponding to the adjacent expansion sheets at intervals, and the corresponding expansion sheets on the screw also form a wedge-shaped surface.

Each of the above-mentioned expansion sheets also forms an introduction surface corresponding to the wedge-shaped surface to which it is fitted.

The two ends of the screw form oppositely threaded segments, and the outer end of the screw has a bolt head, and the two nuts with opposite threads are respectively screwed onto the corresponding thread segments, and the plurality of expansion members are respectively placed on the screw. Between the nuts, the two ends of each expansion member are spaced apart to form a plurality of expansion sheets, and the adjacent expansion sheets at the intervals form a wedge-shaped surface, and the two expansion sheets of the nut corresponding to the expansion member also form a wedge-shaped surface.

After adopting the above structure, when the invention is installed, the wall is bored, a plurality of expansion members are placed on the threaded section of the screw, and the nut is screwed on the threaded section of the screw, and then the external object is hung on the screw. By the position of the bolt head, then, insert the nut inward, insert it into the pre-drilled wall hole together with the expansion member and the screw, tighten the screw, or insert the bolt head inward, insert the pre-drilled together with the expansion member and the screw. In the wall hole, tighten the nut.

Compared with the conventional building anchors, the invention has the following advantages:

1. When the same substrate concrete strength is used, the invention can be used as a fastener, and a high-strength anchor bolt can be used, which greatly improves safety and lifeline.

2. The present invention produces a multi-stage (close to continuous) tight fit between a plurality of expansion members on the cylindrical surface of the screw and the wall under the effective expansion of the plurality of expansion members. Regardless of the variety of substrate materials or construction conditions, the substrate material is forced to crack and void. On the cylindrical surface of the screw, there can always be multiple stages of tight fit between the expansion member and the substrate to effectively disperse the load, thereby tightening A reliable fastening force is obtained on the firmware. The invention will cover different base materials such as masonry, lightweight concrete, reinforced concrete, stone and metal structure, and can also derive multi-domain anchor bolts of different materials such as nylon, plastic, stainless steel, carbon and alloy steel, aluminum metal structure and the like. .

3. The diameter of the screw in the wall near the wall of the invention is the same as the diameter of the wall hole, and the shear stress of the anchor bolt can be improved by one grade, and the dynamic load performance is unmatched by various types of anchor bolts.

4. When the wall structure is relatively loose (for example, the walls of old streets and old city buildings), The anchor bolt of the invention can be pre-stressed, so that the multi-stage expansion member is pre-expanded, and the overall outer diameter can be indirectly increased, so that the object can be effectively fastened. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the force of a conventional building anchor;

2 is a schematic view showing the effect of local cracks in the concrete after the anchor of the conventional building is stressed; FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the use of the first embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the use of the second embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the use of the third embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 9 is a plan exploded view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 11 is a plan exploded view of Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the combination of Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a perspective view showing the expansion member of the embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the combination of the eighth embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 17 is a schematic view of the force of the present invention;

Fig. 18 is a schematic view showing the effect of local cracking of concrete after the stress of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS As shown in Figures 3 and 5, there are two forms of the present invention (Examples 1 and 2), consisting of a nut 1, a screw 2 and at least two expansion members 3 (the number of expansion members 3 can be as needed Set).

The screw 2 is divided into two sections 21, 22 which are thin and thick, and the inner section 21 is a threaded section. The nut 1 is screwed on the threaded section, and the outer section 22 has a bolt head 23 for screwing. The bolt head 23 can be As shown in FIG. 3, the outer portion 22 of the screw 2 is directly formed integrally, and may be separately formed from the outer portion 22 of the screw 2 as shown in FIG. 5, and an internally threaded hole 25 is formed at the end of the outer portion 22 of the screw 2, and the bolt The head 23 end is engaged with the internally threaded hole 25 to be fixed to the end of the outer section 22 of the screw 2. The diameter of the outer section 22 of the screw 2 is preferably the same as the diameter of the wall hole (as shown in Figure 4).

A plurality of expansion members 3 are placed one by one on the inner portion 21 of the screw 2, and the same end of each expansion member 3 is formed by cutting a plurality of slits 31 to form a plurality of expansion sheets 31 (this structure is similar to the conventional structure, so it is not made a three-dimensional illustration), and the other end corresponding to the adjacent expansion piece 31 forms a wedge shape Face 32 (in the expansion sheet 31, the wedge surface 32 may be further formed into the introduction surface to facilitate the expansion of the expansion sheet 31, which is a common structure, so the details are not detailed), and the outer section 22 of the nut 1 or the screw 2 corresponds to the expansion piece. The wedge faces 11 and 24 are also formed. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, each of the expansion members 3 is formed with a plurality of slits 31 by slitting at one end of the screw head 23 of the screw 2, and the screw 2 is formed. The outer segment 22 forms a wedge-shaped surface 24 corresponding to the inflated sheet 31. Alternatively, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, each of the expansion members 3 is formed with a plurality of slits 31 by slitting a plurality of slits toward one end of the nut 1, and the nut 1 corresponds to The inflated sheet 31 forms a wedge surface 11.

Further, as shown in Figures 7 and 9, it is a further two forms of the present invention (Embodiments 3 and 4), and also includes a nut 1, a screw 2, and at least two expansion members 3 (the number of the expansion members 3 can be as needed Set).

The screw 2 is divided into two sections 21, 22 which are thin and thick, and the inner section 21 is a threaded section. The nut 1 is screwed on the threaded section, and the outer section 22 has a bolt head 23 for screwing. The bolt head 23 can be As shown in FIG. 7, the end portion of the outer portion 22 of the screw 2 is directly formed integrally, and may be formed as shown in Figs. 9 and 10 with the end portion of the outer portion 22 of the screw 2, and is opened at the end of the outer portion 22 of the screw 2. The threaded hole 25, the end 23 of the bolt head is engaged with the internally threaded hole 25 and fixed to the end of the outer section 22 of the screw 2. The diameter of the outer section 22 of the screw 2 is preferably the same as the diameter of the wall hole, as shown in Fig. 8.

A plurality of expansion members 3 are placed one by one on the inner portion 21 of the screw 2, and the same end of each expansion member 3 is formed with a plurality of expansion sheets 31 (this structure is similar to the conventional structure, so that the three-dimensional illustration is not shown), and the other end The wedge-shaped surface 32 is formed. The specific structure is as shown in FIG. 7-10. The two ends of each expansion member 3 are spaced apart to form a plurality of expansion sheets 31. As shown in FIG. 14, the expansion sheets 31 at both ends of each expansion member 3 are inserted in the phase. At intervals of the expansion sheets 31 of the adjacent expansion members 3, a plurality of expansion sheets 13 are also formed on the nut 1, and the expansion sheets 13 are also inserted at intervals of the expansion sheets 31 of the adjacent expansion members 3, and the intervals of the expansion members 3 are spaced apart. The wedge-shaped surface 32 is formed corresponding to the adjacent expansion sheets 31, 13, and the nut 1 and the screw 2 corresponding to the expansion sheet 31 also form the wedge-shaped surfaces 11 and 24.

11 and 12, another embodiment of the present invention (fifth embodiment) is also composed of a nut 1, a screw 2 and at least two expansion members 3 (the number of the expansion members 3 can be determined as needed) composition. This embodiment is based on the embodiment shown in Figs. 9, 10, in which a set of screw 20, expansion member 30 and nut 10, screw 20, and expansion member 30 are re-attached to the threaded section (inner section) of the screw 2 by screwing. The structure of the nut 10 and the nut 2 are similar to those of the screw 2, the expansion member 3, and the nut 1, and therefore will not be described again.

When the invention is installed, as shown in Figures 4, 6, and 8, drilling holes in the wall, a plurality of expansion members 3 are placed on the inner portion 21 of the screw 2, and the nut 1 is screwed in the inner portion of the screw 2. 21, the external object A is hung on the outer segment 22 of the screw 2, and then the nut 1 is turned inward, together with the expansion member 3, the screw 2 into the pre-drilled wall hole, and the screw 2 is tightened. The expansion member 3 is deformed by extrusion, and the expansion piece 31 is outwardly stretched to restrain the thread of the screw 2, thereby generating a self-locking force, which facilitates the screwing of the screw 2, which makes the installation more convenient, when screwing to the expansion piece 31 and the wall hole When the fit is tight, the screw 2, the expansion piece 31 and the wall hole are firmly and stably If the screw 2 is pulled, the pulling force is uniformly distributed on the inner portion 21 of the screw 2, and the stress distribution is uniform, thereby effectively preventing the screw 2 from coming loose from the wall hole, and the tensile strength is strong, and the function of the fixed screw 2 is achieved. The plug A is fastened to the screw 2 by means of the bolt head 23, and since the diameter of the outer section 22 of the screw 2 is significantly larger than that of the conventional screw 2', the shear strength of the screw 2 can be effectively improved.

Further, as shown in FIG. 13, it is another form of the present invention (Embodiment 6), and is also composed of a nut 1, a screw 2, and at least two expansion members 3 (the number of the expansion members 3 can be determined as needed). Compared with the previous embodiment, this embodiment has the screw 2 not divided into the inner section and the outer section, and is the same as the ordinary screw, has the thread on the whole screw 2, the nut 1 is screwed on the threaded section, and the screw 2 has the bolt. The head 23, a plurality of expansion members 3 are placed on the threaded section of the screw 2 one by one, and the same end of each expansion member 3 forms a plurality of expansion sheets 31, and the other end corresponding to the adjacent expansion sheets 31 forms a wedge surface 32. The screw 2 corresponding to the inflated sheet 31 also forms a wedge surface 24. When the embodiment is installed, the hole is drilled in the wall, and the bolt head 23 is turned inward, and the expansion member 3 and the screw 2 are inserted into the pre-drilled wall hole, and the nut 1 is tightened.

15 and 16, which are two forms of the present invention (Examples 7 and 8), and also include a nut 1, a screw 2, and at least two expansion members 3 (the number of the expansion members 3 can be determined as needed) Composition, this embodiment is compared with the previous embodiment, the two ends of the screw 2 form oppositely threaded segments 26, 27 (such as the right end is a right-handed thread 26, the outer end is a left-handed thread 27), two thread directions The opposite nuts 1 and 100 are respectively screwed onto the corresponding inner end thread section 26 and the outer end thread section 27, and the outer end of the screw 2 has a bolt head 23 (the connection relationship between the bolt head 23 and the screw 2 of Fig. 15) 5 and 9 are the same, and therefore, the bolt head 23 of Fig. 16 is screwed at the outermost end of the screw 2, and the outermost thread may be a right-handed thread or a left-handed thread), and a plurality of expansion members 3 Between the two nuts 1, 100 placed on the screw 2, a plurality of expansion sheets 31 are formed at both ends of each expansion member 3, and the adjacent expansion sheets 31 are formed at the intervals to form a wedge surface 32. As shown in FIG. 14, two nuts 1, 100 correspond to the expansion member 3 The inflated sheets 31 also form wedge faces 11 and 101, and the two nuts 1, 100 may be further spaced to form a plurality of inflated sheets 13 and 103 (the expanded sheet 103 is not present on the nut 100 in Fig. 16). When this embodiment is installed, the hole is drilled in the wall, the nut 1 is turned inward, and the expansion member 3, the screw 2, the nut 100 are inserted into the pre-drilled wall hole, the screw 2 is tightened, and the plurality of expansion members 3 are subjected to The two nuts 1, 100 are simultaneously deformed to produce deformation, and the pressing force is more uniform, and the expansion piece 31 is outwardly extended to closely cooperate with the wall hole, so that the screw 2, the expansion piece 31 and the wall hole are firmly and stably matched.

The transfer analysis of the force of the present invention is shown in Figures 17 and 18:

The invention not only expands the segmented expansion of the unique expansion member, so that the invention covers the advantages of the conventional expansion type and the rear-cut construction anchor, and the disadvantages are eliminated, the expansion area is greatly improved, and the area of the expansion belt can be made. By more than 10 times the cross-sectional area of the conventional anchor bolt, the load transmitted by the anchor expansion belt to the base concrete is greatly reduced, ensuring the safety of the base concrete and the effective load capacity of the anchor bolt can be fully realized. Analogue 8.8 class rear expansion column taper anchor type: FZA22 X 125M16/60, 16mm, calculated anchor bolt cross-sectional area S _d =201mm ² , when the expansion effective area of the invention reaches S _D =2000mm ² Calculated the local compressive load of concrete = 50KN/2000 awake ² ^ 25Mpa, it can be seen that in the C35 condition, the concrete is partially subjected to a safe load. Under the same circumstances, the carrying capacity is increased by 28.6% { ( 35-25) /35 }.

Design value of tensile bearing capacity after lifting:

N=l. 54 X 1. 286 X 32. 2^64. 3KN (Concrete is partially subjected to a safe load) Design value of tensile bearing capacity when the concrete cone is lifted after failure:

·.* NRC /2000 mm ² = 279 Mpa concrete cone failure

.'. NRd, c-558KN, it can be seen that the safety performance of concrete is greatly improved. According to the technical requirements, the invention adopts a multi-stage design, the anchor bolt depth is greatly increased (above 20d), and the anchor bolt expansion area is doubled with the increase of the anchor bolt depth, and the reliability and safety of the fastener are sufficient. letter. Moreover, due to the multi-stage design, the anchor depth and the expansion area are improved, the anchor mounting distance is close to the chemical anchor design spacing, and the application space is expanded. In short, the multi-pole multi-stage expansion type planting technology of the present invention will bring a new product. The start.

Claims

Rights request

1. A building anchor bolt, characterized in that: a nut, a screw and at least two expansion members, the screw has a threaded section and a bolt head, the nut is screwed on the thread section, and a plurality of expansion parts are respectively placed on the thread of the screw In the segment, the same end of each expansion member forms a plurality of expansion sheets, and the other end corresponds to the adjacent expansion sheet to form a wedge-shaped surface, and the nut or the screw corresponding to the expansion sheet also forms a wedge-shaped surface.

2. The building anchor of claim 1, wherein: the screw is divided into two sections of fine inner and outer thick, the inner section is a threaded section, and the outer section has a bolt head for screwing.

3. The building anchor of claim 1 wherein: the bolt head is integrally formed directly in the outer section of the screw.

4. The construction anchor according to claim 1, wherein: the bolt head and the outer portion of the screw are separately formed, and an inner threaded hole is formed at an outer end portion of the screw, and one end of the bolt head is fixedly engaged with the internally threaded hole. The outer section of the screw.

The construction anchor according to claim 1, wherein each of the expansion members forms a plurality of expansion sheets by cutting a plurality of slits toward one end of the nut, and the nut forms a wedge surface corresponding to the expansion sheets.

The construction anchor according to claim 1, wherein each of the expansion members forms a plurality of expansion sheets by slitting a plurality of slits toward one end of the bolt head of the screw, and the screw forms a wedge surface corresponding to the expansion sheet.

7. The building anchor according to claim 1, wherein: at each of the two expansion members, a plurality of expansion sheets are formed at intervals, and the adjacent expansion sheets at the intervals form a wedge surface, and the nuts are also spaced apart. A plurality of expansion sheets, the spacing of the nuts and the corresponding expansion sheets on the screw also form a wedge surface.

8. The building anchor of claim 7 wherein: the threaded section of the screw is threadedly coupled with a set of screws, expansion members and nuts.

9. The building anchor according to claim 1, wherein: each of the expansion members is formed with a plurality of expansion sheets at intervals, and the adjacent expansion sheets at the intervals form a wedge-shaped surface, and the corresponding expansion piece on the screw A wedge face is also formed.

10. A building anchor according to claim 1, 5, 6, 7 or 9, characterized in that: the wedge-shaped surface of each of the expansion sheets corresponding thereto also forms an introduction surface.

11. The construction anchor according to claim 1, wherein: the two ends of the screw form a threaded section of opposite directions, and the outer end of the screw has a bolt head, and the two nuts of opposite thread directions are respectively screwed to the corresponding ones. On the threaded section, a plurality of expansion members are placed between the two nuts on the screw one by one, and the two ends of each expansion member are spaced apart to form a plurality of expansion sheets, and the adjacent expansion sheets at the intervals form a wedge surface, two The expansion tab of the nut corresponding to the expansion member also forms a wedge surface.