WO2008015818A1 - Moteur à dioxyde de carbone - Google Patents

Moteur à dioxyde de carbone Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008015818A1
WO2008015818A1 PCT/JP2007/057844 JP2007057844W WO2008015818A1 WO 2008015818 A1 WO2008015818 A1 WO 2008015818A1 JP 2007057844 W JP2007057844 W JP 2007057844W WO 2008015818 A1 WO2008015818 A1 WO 2008015818A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carbon dioxide
expansion
dioxide gas
inner chamber
pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2007/057844
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Koki Fukuyama
Original Assignee
New Scientific R & D Institute Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by New Scientific R & D Institute Inc. filed Critical New Scientific R & D Institute Inc.
Publication of WO2008015818A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008015818A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C1/00—Rotary-piston machines or engines
    • F01C1/22—Rotary-piston machines or engines of internal-axis type with equidirectional movement of co-operating members at the points of engagement, or with one of the co-operating members being stationary, the inner member having more teeth or tooth- equivalents than the outer member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
    • F01B17/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by use of uniflow principle
    • F01B17/02—Engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2210/00—Fluid
    • F04C2210/22—Fluid gaseous, i.e. compressible
    • F04C2210/222—Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a carbon dioxide engine, and more particularly, to an engine that extracts the energy without burning the fuel by making the best use of the physical properties of carbon dioxide, so to speak as an "internal pressure engine”. .
  • An internal combustion engine burns fuel inside the engine and uses its thermal energy.
  • There are various types such as gasoline engines, gas engines, oil engines, etc. depending on the fuel used, and they are widely used all over the world.
  • the invention of the present application is a completely new and innovative energy system proposed under such a background.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-068477
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent No. 120173
  • Patent Document 3 JP-A 52-024644
  • the present invention proposes a completely new and revolutionary carbon dioxide engine that eliminates the above drawbacks by extracting energy without burning fuel.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a carbon dioxide engine that can extract energy equal to or higher than that of a conventional internal combustion engine without causing a problem caused by fuel resources.
  • Another object is to prevent an increase in carbon dioxide gas due to the use of an internal combustion engine, thereby contributing to the prevention of global warming.
  • a carbon dioxide engine has a piston that reciprocates in a cylinder, an inner chamber is provided in the cylinder, and an air supply port provided in an upper portion of the inner chamber.
  • An openable and closable air supply valve is provided, high-pressure carbon dioxide gas is directly supplied to the inner chamber through the air supply valve, an exhaust port that is fully opened at the bottom dead center is provided in the lower portion of the inner chamber, and the piston Opening and closing of the air supply port or the exhaust port by back-and-forth movement, the high-pressure carbon dioxide suction / expansion process by the opening of the air supply port, the high pressure from the start of the opening of the exhaust port to the fully open state
  • the expansion and discharge process of the carbon dioxide gas in the state and the atmospheric pressure holding process until the exhaust port is “closed” are successively performed in sequence, and the volume when the carbon dioxide gas reaches the atmospheric pressure in the expansion and discharge process.
  • the piston is reciprocated by the force of expansion.
  • the present invention has three excellent physical properties possessed by carbon dioxide, that is, inert gas, Utilizing thermal liquefaction and high volume expansion, the piston is reciprocated by the force of volume expansion when the carbon dioxide supplied to the inner chamber at normal pressure becomes normal pressure, and the energy generated by this is extracted. . Therefore, since energy is extracted without the combustion of fuel, problems caused by fuel resources, that is, pollution problems caused by exhaust gas will not be caused if the resources are exhausted. Therefore, it is a complete clean energy.
  • carbon dioxide is used, carbon dioxide is not generated, so that an increase in carbon dioxide more than the present can be prevented, which can contribute to prevention of a warming phenomenon.
  • the energy source is carbon dioxide without fear of resource depletion, and the energy from which the power is extracted is equal to or higher than that of a gasoline engine, as will be described later, so there is no problem in terms of energy performance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic front sectional view showing an embodiment of a carbon dioxide engine according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1A is a view showing a starting state of a piston started by a cam mechanism
  • FIG. 1B is a top dead center U.
  • the figure which shows the valve open state in (C) shows the valve closed state at bottom dead center D.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic front sectional view showing another embodiment of the carbon dioxide engine in the present invention, in which (A) shows a valve open state at top dead center U and (B) shows a closed state at bottom dead center D. Indicates valve status.
  • FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the operating principle of the carbon dioxide engine according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a table showing the thermodynamic properties of carbon dioxide.
  • the cylinder 2 constituting the carbon dioxide gas engine 1 is powered by the aluminum alloy cylinder head 3 and the aluminum alloy cylinder body 5, and the cylinder head 3 is separably fixed to the cylinder body 5.
  • An aluminum alloy piston 7 is slidably contacted in the cylinder body 5 so as to be able to reciprocate.
  • An inner chamber 9 having a sealed structure is formed in the upper portion of the cylinder body 5 by the cylinder head 3 and the piston 7.
  • An exhaust port 11 that opens at the bottom dead center D of the piston 7 is provided on the side wall of the cylinder body 5.
  • An air supply port 13 is opened in the cylinder head 3, and an air supply valve 15 that is movable up and down is provided in the air supply port 13.
  • a spring 19 is attached to the valve shaft 17 of the air supply valve 15 to be urged in a direction to close the air supply port 13.
  • Reference numeral 21 denotes a cam linked to the piston 7, and the intake valve 15 is opened and closed by the cam 21.
  • a connecting rod 23 connects the piston 7 and the crankshaft 25 to each other.
  • a flywheel 27 is attached to one end of the crankshaft 25.
  • Reference numeral 26 denotes a balance weight of the crankshaft 25.
  • 20 is a spring cover.
  • a pressure ring 29a is attached to the upper part of the piston 7 to seal the inner chamber 9. 29b is an oil ring.
  • [0020] 31 is a tank made up of a pressure vessel for storing liquid carbon dioxide gas.
  • the liquid carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the inner chamber 9 from the air supply port 13 opened through the pipe 33 in a high pressure state 35a. Supplied.
  • Carbon dioxide gas 35 is indicated by “35a”, and carbon dioxide gas at normal pressure is indicated by “35b”.
  • carbon dioxide 35 when generically referred to as "carbon dioxide 35".
  • the cylinder 2 is integrally covered with an aluminum alloy cylinder cover 39 as shown in Fig. 2, and the heating unit 37 has a hollow body force outside the side wall of the cylinder body. It is good also as providing.
  • a hot air supply port 41 and a hot air discharge port 43 are opened on the side wall of the cylinder cover 39, and heating of the hot air supply pipe 45 and the heating unit 37 for supplying hot air 40a for heating the heating unit 37 is finished.
  • the hot air discharge pipe 47 for discharging the hot air 40b is connected.
  • the hot air supply pipe 45 and the hot air discharge pipe 47 are connected to a separately provided compressor 49 so as to be circulated.
  • (A) shows the suction / expansion stroke on the surface a
  • (B) shows the same expansion / discharge stroke
  • (C) shows the same atmospheric pressure maintenance stroke
  • (D) shows the suction / expansion stroke on the b surface.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing the position when the rotor 115 rotates in the inner chamber 103 and the state of expansion of the carbon dioxide gas.
  • A1 in Fig. 3 and A2 in Fig. 3 indicate the suction expansion stroke, and the carbon dioxide gas at this time is in the "sub-expansion" state.
  • B1 in FIG. 3 and B2 in FIG. 3 indicate the expansion / discharge process, and the carbon dioxide gas at this time is in a “chain expansion” state.
  • C in Fig. 3 indicates the atmospheric pressure maintaining process, and the inner chamber 103 at this time is atmospheric pressure (1 atm).
  • D in FIG. 3 shows a state in which the rotor 115 makes one rotation and the other surface (surface b) is the working surface.
  • the carbon dioxide gas 35a is supplied from the initial tank 31 through the pipe 33 to the carbon dioxide engine 1 in a high pressure state.
  • this carbon dioxide gas 35a flows into the inner chamber 103 of the carbon dioxide engine 1, Let us explain the situation based on Fig. 3.
  • the pressure energy received by the rotor 115 at the time of sub-expansion is received by the entire a-plane as in the case of a gasoline engine. That is, in the intake and expansion strokes of A1 in FIG. 3 and A2 in FIG. 3, the carbon dioxide gas 35a moves to the next expansion and discharge stroke in a state where the stress of subexpansion energy is accumulated and held. Note that the pressure on the other side (b-side) in this suction / expansion stroke is atmospheric pressure.
  • the carbon dioxide gas 35a is large when the exhaust port 119 is "opened” by the rotation of the rotor 115, that is, when the exhaust port 119 is in a pinhole state. Explosive expansion due to atmospheric pressure. At this time, when the movement of the carbon dioxide gas 35a is taken as the center, the expanded carbon dioxide gas 35a moves along the surface of the rotor 115 and moves rapidly toward the exhaust port 119 which is “open”. That is, the expansion pressure in the expansion / discharge process is the suction expansion process.
  • the force is applied only to the half surface on the exhaust port 119 side of the rotor 115 which does not apply force evenly to the entire a surface of the rotor 115. Therefore, the exhaust port 119 is opened more and more, and as a result, the carbon dioxide gas 35a rapidly moves toward the exhaust port 119, and the force due to the expansion of the carbon dioxide gas 35a (this is called "expansion force”) Concentrate only on the half surface of the rotor 115 on the exhaust port 119 side.
  • This state can be referred to as a “chain expansion” state, in which case the carbon dioxide gas 35a is sufficiently expanded, so that a sufficient rotational moment can be obtained on the half surface of the rotor 115 on the exhaust port 119 side, As a result, the rotor 115 rotates.
  • the pressure on each side in this expansion / discharge process is the atmospheric pressure on the other surface (b surface) side, and on B2 in FIG. 3, both the a and b surfaces are at atmospheric pressure.
  • both the a and b sides of the rotor 115 are at atmospheric pressure. Rotate to the position shown in Fig. 3D. As a result, the other surface (surface b) becomes the working surface, and this time, the series of steps described above is repeated on the surface b of the mouth 115.
  • the exhaust port 11 of the inner chamber 9 is "open" at the bottom dead center D, so that the carbon dioxide gas 35a applied to the depression of the piston 7 is at atmospheric pressure. Then, air A is mixed into the inner chamber 9 from the exhaust port 11 and the inside becomes atmospheric pressure, so that it becomes “chain expansion” which expands explosively, and is ejected from the exhaust port 11. The piston 7 is operated by the expansion force of the chain expansion. Next, at the top dead center U of the piston 7 which has shifted to the ascending process, all the carbon dioxide gas 35b is exhausted.
  • the piston 7 continuously repeats the descending process and the ascending process by the volume expansion force of the carbon dioxide gas 35a and the inertial force. Therefore, since the piston 7 of the carbon dioxide gas engine reciprocates continuously, the resulting energy is taken out by appropriate means.
  • the conventional gasoline engine requires four strokes: ⁇ 1> intake stroke, ⁇ 2> compression stroke, ⁇ 3> combustion stroke and exhaust stroke, but the carbon dioxide engine according to the present invention does not require the above ⁇ 3> combustion stroke.
  • the compression stroke may or may not be present.
  • the stroke of the carbon dioxide engine according to the present invention is ⁇ a> intake expansion stroke, ⁇ b> expansion / discharge stroke, and ⁇ c> atmospheric pressure holding stroke.
  • combustion expansion of a conventional gasoline engine is transient energy
  • a carbon dioxide engine (internal pressure engine) according to the present invention is continuous expansion energy. Due to the difference in energy characteristics, each stroke of the conventional gasoline engine can be clearly distinguished.
  • Each stroke of the carbon dioxide engine according to the present invention is continuous. Therefore, the principle is completely different between the conventional gasoline engine and the carbon dioxide engine according to the present invention, and the theory applied to the gasoline engine cannot be directly applied to the carbon dioxide engine according to the present invention.
  • Carbon dioxide 35 is as follows.
  • Carbon dioxide gas is generated in association with combustion of animals, respiration of animals, decay of organic substances, fermentation, etc., and is normally present in the air. On the other hand, plants absorb carbon dioxide and perform carbon assimilation.
  • the present invention pays attention to the inertness, room temperature liquefaction property and high volume expansion property of carbon dioxide gas having such physical properties, and makes maximum use of this.
  • the expansion rate of the carbon dioxide gas 35a that is, the magnitude of energy extracted by the carbon dioxide gas 35a will be considered.
  • the pressure of the carbon dioxide gas 35a is 6.432 MPa (64.32 atmospheres) from FIG.
  • the piston 7 in the inner chamber 9 of (air pressure) is 64.32 times the pressure. Therefore, it is theoretically possible to extract about 64 times the kinetic energy.
  • This energy is compared with energy extracted from a gasoline engine as a representative of a conventional internal combustion engine.
  • combustion temperature ⁇ 1 In order to obtain the combustion temperature ⁇ 1, the number of moles of product gas, the calorific value, and the constant volume specific heat of the product gas are required. Here, it is assumed that it is the same as explosives such as force TNT whose only specific heat capacity is unknown.
  • the combustion temperature ⁇ 1 can be obtained by the following equation.
  • combustion temperature T can be obtained by the following equation as described above.
  • the amount of energy extracted from the conventional gasoline engine is about 25 times in this case.
  • the energy extracted from the carbon dioxide engine according to the present invention is equal to or higher than the energy extracted from the conventional internal combustion engine.
  • 2.5 times as much energy can be obtained as compared with the conventional example (64 times at 25 ° C) and the comparative example (25 times).
  • the generation of energy according to the present invention does not involve the combustion of fuel, so that the exhaustion of resources caused by fuel resources is safe without causing pollution problems due to exhaust gas, and is completely clean. Energy can be obtained. Also, since no carbon dioxide is produced, an increase in carbon dioxide can be prevented, which can contribute to the prevention of global warming. Is the energy from which the force is extracted equal to or higher than that of a gasoline engine as described above? In addition, energy efficiency is ensured.
  • the pressure of the supplied carbon dioxide gas 35a is constant (for example, about 64 times at room temperature (25 ° C)) without being affected by the compression ratio of the closed chamber (inner chamber 9). ). Carbon dioxide gas 35a stored in the tank or cylinder can be used effectively until the last lmol. Therefore, the energy extraction efficiency is very good.
  • the design of the closed chamber becomes easy. Furthermore, because of the inertness of the carbon dioxide gas 35a, the controllability is much easier to handle than, for example, hydrogen gas or oxygen gas. Therefore, it has a high degree of practicality.
  • the volume expansion coefficient of carbon dioxide 35 and the temperature are correlated, the high-pressure carbon dioxide 35a supplied into the inner chamber 9 is further expanded in volume by heating by the heating unit 37.
  • the work rate of the carbon dioxide engine is further improved.
  • the present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above.
  • a pressure adjustment valve is provided on the discharge side of the carbon dioxide gas engine 1, and this pressure can be adjusted to normal pressure.
  • the carbon dioxide gas flowing in the pipe 33 of the supply system may be a mixture of gas and dry ice as powder, or may be supplied in a liquid state. Which phase is taken depends on conditions such as atmospheric pressure and temperature at the site.
  • the air supply valve 15 provided in the inner chamber 9 may block or open the inner chamber 9 from the outside.
  • the air supply valve 15 may be installed on the side wall of the cylinder body 5.
  • cam mechanism that does not require a spring is also conceivable.
  • the material constituting the carbon dioxide engine 1 can be appropriately selected from iron and the like.
  • high pressure refers to a degree of pressure sufficient to operate a carbon dioxide engine, and is, for example, 40 atm or 70 atm.
  • the present invention can be used for driving automobiles, trains, airplanes, ships, etc., driving motors, driving generators or power generation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un moteur à dioxyde de carbone possédant un piston (7) effectuant un mouvement de va-et-vient dans un cylindre (2). Une chambre interne (9) est formée dans une partie du cylindre (2). Une soupape d'alimentation en gaz pouvant être ouverte/fermée (15) est installée dans la chambre interne (9). Un gaz de dioxyde de carbone sous haute pression (35) est amené dans la chambre interne (9) par la soupape d'alimentation (15). Le piston (7) est animé d'un mouvement de va-et-vient sous l'effet d'une force produite par expansion du volume du gaz de dioxyde de carbone (35) lorsque sa pression est réduite à un niveau normal. Le gaz de dioxyde de carbone (35a) amené à l'état pressurisé par un orifice d'alimentation en gaz (13) étant exposé à la pression normale d'une atmosphère dans la chambre interne (9), le volume du gaz de dioxyde de carbone augmente rapidement par expansion de chaîne dans une course d'expansion et refoulement après avoir été soumis à une sous-expansion dans une course d'admission et expansion et la course d'expansion et refoulement se poursuit en course de conservation de la pression atmosphérique. Le piston (7) est entraîné par la force produite par l'expansion de volume.
PCT/JP2007/057844 2006-08-04 2007-04-09 Moteur à dioxyde de carbone WO2008015818A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006213940 2006-08-04
JP2006-213940 2006-08-04

Publications (1)

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WO2008015818A1 true WO2008015818A1 (fr) 2008-02-07

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PCT/JP2007/057844 WO2008015818A1 (fr) 2006-08-04 2007-04-09 Moteur à dioxyde de carbone

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102434257A (zh) * 2011-11-17 2012-05-02 徐明奇 车、船发动机废热发电装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5224644A (en) * 1975-08-16 1977-02-24 Sumio Tsuzuki Motive engine having motive power source of liquid air
JPS5668477A (en) * 1979-11-06 1981-06-09 Tomy Kogyo Co Engine for toy and model

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5224644A (en) * 1975-08-16 1977-02-24 Sumio Tsuzuki Motive engine having motive power source of liquid air
JPS5668477A (en) * 1979-11-06 1981-06-09 Tomy Kogyo Co Engine for toy and model

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102434257A (zh) * 2011-11-17 2012-05-02 徐明奇 车、船发动机废热发电装置

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