WO2008014996A1

WO2008014996A1 - Electromagnetic actuating apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2008014996A1
Application number: PCT/EP2007/006828
Authority: WO
Inventors: Thomas Golz; Achim Riedle; Markus Kamenzin; Volker Burger; Thomas Schiepp; Uwe Wagner
Original assignee: Eto Magnetic Gmbh
Priority date: 2006-08-03
Filing date: 2007-08-02
Publication date: 2008-02-07
Also published as: EP1913605A1; EP1913605B1; ATE531054T1

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuating apparatus having an elongated actuating element (16) which forms an engagement area at the end, can be moved by the force of a coil device (which is provided in a stationary manner) and has permanent magnet means (14), in places, which are designed to interact with a stationary core area (18), with a stationary bearing element (20) which acts as a yoke, being provided axially opposite the core area for the actuating element, which is in the form of a piston at least in places, and with an inlet and/or outlet channel (46) for liquid lubricant being formed in the bearing element, with the inlet and/or outlet channel being in the form of at least one aperture, recess and/or hole (46, 60, 62) which runs or run axially and is or are provided at the edge in a yoke section which is designed to interact with the permanent magnet means.

Description

Electromagnetic actuator

The present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator according to the preamble of the main claim.

Such a device is well known, for example in the form of adjusting devices with electro-magnets and is used for a variety of purposes. The basic principle is that a piston (as adjusting element), which has an engagement region for the intended setting task, is guided in a housing as an armature between a stationary core region and a bearing element acting as a yoke and actuated by means of an electromagnet provided approximately in the core region can.

In the applicant's DE 102 40 774 A1, such a device is shown with essential elements, with typical lubrication by means of a liquid lubricant in the range of movement of the actuating element being typically additionally provided for certain actuating tasks and areas of use. This lubricant is introduced or discharged via an inlet or outlet channel of the bearing element.

5 illustrates the state-of-the-art technology of the Applicant. Such a lubricated electromagnetic adjusting device is surrounded by a hollow-cylindrical sleeve element 10. An elongate piston rod (plunger) 12 and end-side permanent magnet assembly 14 are movably interposed a stationary core region 18 and a sleeve-shaped and as a storage for the actuator 16 serving yoke element 20 out, wherein the bearing element 20 sealingly in a correspondingly measured hollow cylindrical recess 22 of a support 24, such as an engine block section, is guided.

The sectional view of FIG. 5 illustrates a supply / discharge channel 26 for liquid lubricating oil, which via a supply / discharge channel 28 in the bearing sleeve 20 in the limited by bearing sleeve 20 and core member 18 and sleeve member 10 movement space for the permanent magnet portion 14 of the actuating element 12 can be directed. In the operating and tilting state shown in FIG. 5, the oil shown in black collects in the bottom area of the chamber thus formed. Activation of a coil unit (not shown in the figures) at the core area 18 then results in a repulsive force on the permanent magnet means 14 (more specifically, a pair of permanent magnetic disks connected by a soft magnetic iron disk fixed end to the cylinder rod 12) to a repulsive effect , whereupon then the actuator is driven out of the arrangement right in the figure view and an end-side engagement portion 30 of the actuating element a corresponding cooperating control partner, in the described embodiment, a camshaft Hubum- circuit operated.

However, as can be seen directly from the illustration in FIG. 5, the permanent magnet section 14 of the actuating element must displace the lubricant collected in the lowermost base region when moving in the direction of the bearing element 20 (as a yoke), which, depending on the viscosity of the lubricant, to a slowdown or reduction of the achievable movement (and thus switching) speed of the unit leads.

In addition, these dynamic characteristics are reduced in the shown (as a starting point for the invention used) technology state of FIG. 5, that it is in the left-side end region of the actuating element, namely at the contact surface between the cylindrical pin 12 and the end surface of the core region 18 facing this plan , to adhesive effects, in turn caused by existing lubricant, comes. More specifically, a repulsive force on the actuator must first solve the adhesive film causing this adhesive effect at the contact point described before the actuator can perform its actuating movement.

Another, the dynamic properties adversely affecting property of the device shown in Fig. 5 is in the comparatively long cylinder guide between see cylindrical, pin-shaped element 12 and the surrounding bush-shaped bearing member 20: Over a comparatively long distance along the actuating element exists a sliding or Friction surface, which in turn, in particular under the influence of viscous lubricant, initially exerts an adhesive or braking force.

Object of the present invention is therefore to improve the dynamic properties of a generic electromagnetic actuator, in particular to shorten the response and control time, namely the period of time passes between activating the coil means and reaching an end stop for the actuating element operated thereby (as Anchor) . The object is solved by the electromagnetic actuator with the feature of the main claim and by the electromagnetic actuator according to the optionally recited claims 8 and 10; advantageous developments of the invention are described in the subclaims.

Thus, by means of the parallel to the actuator longitudinal axis and the edge extending at the yoke portion at least one bore (or a breakthrough or a recess) as inlet and outlet channel advantageously achieved that liquid lubricant, especially in slightly inclined installation position of the device not in the movement space of the Can collect control element between the core and yoke, therefore, therefore, the permanent magnet must not exert any displacement on this amount of lubricant. This can already achieve a considerable increase in the movement or reaction time of the electromagnetic actuator according to the invention. It is preferred on the one hand, directly to provide a bore (or a plurality of distributed holes) in the yoke portion, which leave a thin wall to the outer radial yoke end, alternatively and within the scope of the invention, it is possible, the inlet and outlet channel in the yoke section by a To realize recess, which offers, approximately in the manner of an axially extending portion of the yoke, the desired channel, another alternative variant is a realization of the recess in the form of a (equally axially longitudinally extending) groove. Additionally or alternatively, the invention provides that a core-side contact region between a (typically planar) end face of the actuating element and a directly opposite, with this an end stop forming and also planing outer or end face of the core so by providing a recess or notch is modified that a forming in the battered end position and an adhesive effect causing lubricant film can be easily solved and loses its (for the dynamic behavior of the device disadvantageous) adhesive effect. It is within the scope of the invention to provide such, preferably formed as a transverse slot and at least over the effective contact (adhesive) surface recess in the stationary core area; Alternatively or additionally, it is also encompassed by the invention to provide such a recess (eg slot) also in the end region of the actuating element.

Additionally or alternatively, the invention further provides for the adjusting element to be modified along a predetermined cylindrical jacket section by providing a flat-annular groove-shaped recess and / or by at least one jacket-side longitudinal groove such that a sliding surface between the adjusting element and a negative dynamic adhesion effect the surrounding bearing element is reduced. More precisely, according to the invention, this depression is to be realized axially deep in such a way that on the one hand a mechanically strong, load-bearing guide is ensured by the bearing element, on the other hand the gap formed by the depression is sufficiently large that an adhesive lubricant film does not arise or only with a reduced adhesive effect. It is particularly advantageous in the context of the present invention, the arrangement of the core area, actuator (in the field of permanent magnet means) and (acting as a yoke) bearing element to enclose a sleeve member which not only closes the electromagnetic circuit, but also the arrangement mechanically low and tight encloses.

Depending on the type of lubrication while the bore according to the invention is not reduced to a single bore, but can further education according to several, more preferably circumferentially distributed holes in the yoke section include the edge. Also, a favorable mechanical development of the invention provides that, based on an outer diameter of the hollow cylindrical sleeve element provided for further development, the hollow cylindrical recess receiving the arrangement (eg in the engine block) has at least such a width that the sleeve element is aligned with this width. Geometric-constructive can then be achieved with this measure, that an inlet / outlet channel formed in the support in the extension of the inlet / outlet channel for lubricant in the yoke section edge or bottom side is arranged in the sleeve element and thus no bottom collecting space for lubricating oil remains in the range of motion of the permanent magnet means. Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawings; these show in

Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of the electromagnetic actuator according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention;

2 shows an enlarged detail view of the detail A according to FIG. 1;

3 shows an enlarged partial view of the detail B according to FIG. 1;

4 shows an enlarged partial view of the section C according to FIG. 1;

5 shows a lateral sectional view analogous to FIG. 1 of the technology used as generic, in-house state of the art planar technology, which offers the starting position for the present invention;

Fig. 6 to

8 shows various cross-sectional views of a hole, recess or opening provided in the yoke section for realizing the invention; Fig. 9 to

11 shows a perspective view and two bottom-side views of the yoke element as a guide tube for the plunger element with two or four inlet and outlet channels arranged in the circumferential direction and displaced at the edges;

FIG. 12 is a view analogous to FIG. 1 for illustrating a variant of the invention, according to which, by means of a suitable edge-side provision of an inlet or

Drain channel on the core element, the electromagnetic actuator also reversed (on the head) can be operated and a bottom-side lubricant collection can be done beyond the core;

13: a detailed view of the cylindrical element (plunger) with shell-side recess to optimize the dynamic behavior and

Fig. 14,

FIG. 15 shows views of a tappet (cylindrical element) with longitudinal grooves provided on the shell side, in addition to the centrally provided recess, for guiding the lubricant. FIG.

Fig. 1 shows the realization of the electromagnetic actuator according to a first preferred embodiment. For a better clarification of the details and advantages compared to the technology used as a generic form according to FIG. 5, FIG. 1, analogous to the illustration of FIG. 5, shows a comparable mounting and tilting angle. Position, and corresponding components have identical reference numerals.

Notwithstanding the realization of FIG. 5, it is initially noticeable that, with the diameter of the sleeve 10 remaining the same, the arrangement of actuating element 16 and bearing sleeve (as yoke) 20 is held in a sealing manner in a recess 40, which is widened to the outer diameter of the sleeve 10. This then makes it possible for a supply / discharge channel 42 formed in the carrier 24-ie, for example the engine block-to be disposed radially outward relative to the state of the art assumed to be generic, approximately at the level of the jacket of the sleeve 10th

The section 44 of the bearing sleeve element 20 which is directed towards the core and has a yoke section has an inlet / outlet channel 46, which is aligned with the channel 42 and displaced radially as far as possible at the edge. 1, to the edge in the direction of the surrounding sleeve element 10 only one wall 48 of minimized wall thickness has. This then advantageously leads to the fact that, cf. 5, an Olansammlung in the region of the transition between the sleeve and yoke element can be effectively prevented, and therefore advantageously the dynamic properties of the moving armature are increased. Also, the drainage channel 46 in the form of a bore (shown in addition, see section A, a recess shown in the direction of the cylinder rod 12) repeatedly and distributed around the circumference of the yoke portion 44 around, so that, depending on the mounting position, always a simple and complete emptying of the movement space for the permanent magnet 14 is made possible. In this case, the number of bores implementing the channel 46 can be vary between 1 and 4 or more, see also the views of the yoke element 20 of FIG. 9 to 11. Here are variants with two or four circumferentially distributed arranged channels as holes exemplified clarified.

While, according to schematic representation of FIG. 6 (this shows from the direction of the core portion 18 a view of the end face of the yoke portion 44) a bore 46 was used to in the shown, favorable manner the inlet and outlet channel in the yoke section As an alternative (and by way of example) according to the analogous views of FIGS. 7 and 8, it is conceivable to realize the bore 46 approximately by a section or recess 60 which, in the cross-sectional representation shown in FIG. 7, has a section extending axially at the edge formed by the element 44 (without the edge about an intermediate wall remaining), further alternatively, such a recess, as shown in Fig. 8, be designed in the manner of a longitudinal groove 62 staltet- taltet. Again, several of these variants can be distributed around the circumference of the yoke element 44, if necessary, as required.

The detailed view in B and C according to FIG. 3 or FIG. 4 from the sectional view of FIG. 1 clarify further constructive details improving the dynamic behavior of the arrangement as aspects of the invention: Thus, the detail B illustrates, as in the (plane) front side the core section 18 is formed a slot arrangement 50 running transversely (ie perpendicular to the plane of the drawing), which slot extends transversely beyond the effective width of the cylinder rod 12. Advantageously, it is ensured by this measure that during operation and in FIG. 1 shown stop position forming lubricating film between the end face of the core 18 and the associated, opposite end face of the cylinder rod 12 can be easily solved or broken upon activation of the device and thus improves the dynamic behavior in turn.

The same applies to the provision of a flat annular groove 52 in the guide region of the sleeve element 20, as shown in detail view C in FIG. 4. It is not only static or sliding friction between the cylindrical element 12 and the associated section of the bearing element 20 also reduces this mechanical measure, according to the hydrodynamic action according to detail B, for a reduction of adhesion or friction-increasing lubricating film (s).

FIG. 13 shows such a shell-side recess in the detail view. In a typical ram diameter of the cylindrical member 12 of 5 mm, the reduced diameter of the annular groove 52 would be about 4 mm, so take place a circumferential recess of 0.5 mm; The present example describes a stroke of the device of 4 mm.

This measure is advantageous, above all, also with regard to optimizing switching times at low temperatures: in this case, lubricant, such as engine oil, becomes relatively tough, so that the displacement effort for the lubricant partially slows down the plunger movement significantly. According to the invention, the free rotation 52 would advantageously ensure that, for example in the case of a warm aggregate, the lubricant expands to a large extent and can collect in the cavity of the free rotation; when activated by low temperatures must be displaced correspondingly less lubricant, and the movement of the remaining lubricant takes place when this is thin again by heating.

14 and 15 show further variants or developments of this dynamic measure: In addition to the flat annular groove 52 is provided here that the plunger (especially in its areas outside the annular groove 52) each have four circumferentially distributed longitudinal grooves 56, the front - described effect - lubricant can run off almost completely with warm aggregate and accordingly the displacement expenditure is reduced with renewed cold activation - continue; the longitudinal grooves 56 are correspondingly advantageous for the fact that hardly any tough lubricant in the armature space or in the region of the plunger is when activating a cold unit.

Fig. 12 shows - in a modification of the arrangement shown in FIG. 1 - a reverse positioning of the unit. According to a further embodiment, this embodiment provides, for example by suitable lateral provision of a flow channel outside of the core 18, that the lubricant in the bottom area and thus outside of the armature space or in the position shown in FIG. 12 inverted relative to the position of FIG can collect beyond the core area 18. This also advantageously achieves the dynamic improvement intended according to the invention.

As a result, the realization form of an electromagnetic positioning device shown in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 and detailed in various directions brings about a significant improvement in the movement and positioning dynamics. mik, so that in particular time-critical switching operations can be optimized.

Claims

1. Electromagnetic actuator with an end engaging portion formed and movable by a stationary coil device provided movable elongated actuator (16), the piecemeal permanent magnet means (14) up, which are designed to cooperate with a stationary core region (18), wherein the core region axially opposite an acting as a yoke stationary bearing element (20) is provided for the at least partially piston-shaped actuator and in the bearing element an inlet and / or outlet channel (46) is formed for liquid lubricant, characterized in that the inlet and / or outlet channel in the form of at least one axially extending and at the edge in a designed to cooperate with the permanent magnet means yoke portion provided (s) breakthrough, recess and / or bore (46, 60, 62) is realized.

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one end portion of the core region facing the yoke, the permanent magnet means and at least one part of the yoke portion facing the core region are enclosed by a preferably hollow-cylindrical sleeve element.

3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the / at least one opening and / or bore extends to form a thin outer wall of the yoke portion adjacent to the inner wall of the sleeve member.

4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a plurality of evenly distributed in the circumferential direction around the circumference of the disc-shaped yoke portion provided recesses, openings and / or holes.

5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bearing element is held in a surrounding this and a continuation of the supply and / or drain channel offering carrier, the carrier for receiving the yoke portion has a preferably hollow cylindrical recess and a maximum width of the recess is equal to or greater than a maximum diameter of the yoke portion.

6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the carrier is part of an internal combustion engine.

7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the actuating element for the camshaft Hubumschaltung an internal combustion engine is designed to be controllable.

8. Electromagnetic actuator, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 7, with an end forming an engagement region and by a force stationary elongated control element movable elongate actuator having in sections permanent magnet means, which are designed to cooperate with a stationary core region axially opposite the core region acting as a yoke stationary bearing element for the at least partially piston-shaped actuator is provided, characterized in that the core region in Direction of the actuator forms a planar end face having a preferably slot-shaped recess and / or notch in a contact area with an associated end face of the actuating element.

9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the recess and / or notch extends as a transverse slot over at least the contact region and is dimensioned such that it reduces a lubricant-related adhesive force between the actuating element and the end face of the core region.

10. Electromagnetic actuator, in particular according to one of claims 1 to 9, having an end forming an engaging portion and movable by a stationary Spuleneinrichtυng movable elongated actuator having in sections permanent magnet means, which are designed to cooperate with a stationary core region, wherein the core region axially opposite one another a stationary bearing element acting as a yoke is provided for the actuating element, which is designed at least in sections in the form of a piston, characterized in that the elongated actuating element extends along a cylindrical bearing element. a flat and annular groove-shaped recess (52) and / or shell side at least one longitudinal groove (56) which is formed so that it is a lubricant-induced dynamic adhesive force between the actuator and the bearing element surrounding this decreases.