WO2008014225A2 - Substrats revêtus de caroténoïde et substrats conçus pour imiter des substrats revêtus de caroténoïde - Google Patents

Substrats revêtus de caroténoïde et substrats conçus pour imiter des substrats revêtus de caroténoïde Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008014225A2
WO2008014225A2 PCT/US2007/074163 US2007074163W WO2008014225A2 WO 2008014225 A2 WO2008014225 A2 WO 2008014225A2 US 2007074163 W US2007074163 W US 2007074163W WO 2008014225 A2 WO2008014225 A2 WO 2008014225A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
carotenoid
optical
macular pigment
substrates
contact lenses
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/074163
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2008014225A3 (fr
Inventor
Billy R. Hammond
Original Assignee
University Of Georgia Research Foundation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by University Of Georgia Research Foundation filed Critical University Of Georgia Research Foundation
Publication of WO2008014225A2 publication Critical patent/WO2008014225A2/fr
Publication of WO2008014225A3 publication Critical patent/WO2008014225A3/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02C—SPECTACLES; SUNGLASSES OR GOGGLES INSOFAR AS THEY HAVE THE SAME FEATURES AS SPECTACLES; CONTACT LENSES
    • G02C7/00—Optical parts
    • G02C7/10—Filters, e.g. for facilitating adaptation of the eyes to the dark; Sunglasses
    • G02C7/108—Colouring materials

Definitions

  • MP filters potentially actinic light (mostly within the visible range of 400-500 nm, a spectral region often referred to as the "blue light hazard) and L and Z are known to be active lipid-based antioxidants.
  • AMD age-related macular degeneration
  • embodiments of this disclosure include structures including optical substrates, where the optical substrates include a macular pigment.
  • the macular pigment includes a carotenoid.
  • the cartenoid includes lutein, zeaxanthin, and combinations thereof.
  • the optical structure can include eyewear, lens, goggles, contact lenses, and windows.
  • the macular pigment can be disposed on the surface of the optical structure or disposed with the material used to make the optical structure.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates data showing the relation between MP and disability glare and photostress recovery.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph of the spectral absorbance properties of MP as measured in vivo (symbols) and ex vivo (solid line).
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a filter cell that is filled with a solution of oil and L and Z and so artificially (and externally) mimics macular pigment in a precise way that we would like the glass to mimic MP.
  • FIG. 4 shows that the filter cell adds linearly to an individuals MP density.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph that shows that the filter cell decreases glare disability as a substantially linear function of increasing optical density.
  • FIG. 6 is graph that shows that the MP filter also enhances contrast in a substantially linear manner.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure will employ, unless otherwise indicated, techniques of chemistry, physics, biology, and the like, which are within the skill of the art. Such techniques are explained fully in the literature.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure include optical structures including one or more carotenoids. Incorporation of the carotenoid into the optical structure may provide a level of eye protection (e.g., from radiation, age related macular degeneration, and the like) and/or vision enhancement (e.g., reduction of glare and the like). Although not intending to be bound by theory, the incorporation of the carotenoid into the optical structure may filter out certain wavelengths of light, which may provide eye protection and/or vision enhancement.
  • eye protection e.g., from radiation, age related macular degeneration, and the like
  • vision enhancement e.g., reduction of glare and the like.
  • lenses that filter light by reducing luminance vision tend to suffer. In general, especially at low or even moderate light levels, reducing light is deleterious to vision.
  • most spatial vision occurs in the middle of the visible spectrum whereas embodiments of the present disclosure filter short-wave or blue light, which does not tend to contribute much to acuity. This may be one reason why green or red filters are not optimal.
  • One advantage to yellow filters and embodiments of the present disclosure is that they actually enhance luminance sensitivity by increasing the activity of the magnocellular system (i.e., the luminance channel) and by causing the pupil to dilate more strongly. This is essentially why yellow filters tend to make everything look subjectively brighter.
  • macular pigment coated substrates or substrates that mimic macular pigments on a substrate may be expected to enhance sensitivity even more since the visual system compensates for filtering by macular pigment by also increasing sensitivity in the blue-yellow opponent channel.
  • optical substrate as used throughout the specification is to be understood to mean any substrate that has the capacity to transmit light.
  • the term not only includes optical articles such as ophthalmic lenses and sunglass lenses, but other types of articles as described herein.
  • incorpororation of the carotenoid into the optical structure is to be understood to include embodiments where one or more carotenoids are disposed on the surface of an optical substrate, are disposed between two or more optical substrates, are disposed within the material of the optical substrate, and/or combinations thereof.
  • Embodiments of the optical structures can include, but are not limited to, eyewear (e.g., sun glasses, prescription glasses, non prescription glasses, and the like), lens (e.g., lens used in eyewear, goggles, contact lenses, and other lenses), goggles (e.g., protective goggles, swim goggles, and the like), contact lenses (e.g., hard and soft contact lenes), windows (e.g., an automotive windshield, an automotive window, an automotive sun/moon roof, a house window, and a building window), and other structures that are substantially transparent or transparent to light (e.g., visible light).
  • eyewear e.g., sun glasses, prescription glasses, non prescription glasses, and the like
  • lens e.g., lens used in eyewear, goggles, contact lenses, and other lenses
  • goggles e.g., protective goggles, swim goggles, and the like
  • contact lenses e.g., hard and soft contact lenes
  • windows e.g., an
  • the optical substrate can be made of one or more materials.
  • the optical substrate can have one or more layers of materials, where each layer may be the same or a different material.
  • the optical substrate can be made of materials such as, but not limited to, a glass, a plastic, a polymer material, a hydrogel, and combinations thereof
  • suitable materials for the lens include polyvinyl chloride (PVC), acrylics, polyester film, such as Mylar (commercially available from Dupont), and polystyrene including general-purpose polystyrene and high impact polystyrene.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • acrylics acrylics
  • polyester film such as Mylar (commercially available from Dupont)
  • polystyrene including general-purpose polystyrene and high impact polystyrene.
  • the lens material can be virtually any type of material that can be designed to fit and generally conform to the shape of the user's face and around the user's eye socket.
  • the lens material is preferably a transparent, plastic material.
  • contact lenses can be either hard or soft lenses.
  • Soft contact lenses are preferably made from a soft contact lens material, such as a silicon or fluorine-containing hydro-gel or HEMA. It will be understood that any lens material can be used in the production of the contact lenses.
  • an ultraviolet material e.g., chromatophore
  • UVA, UVA, and UVC ultraviolet rays
  • a glass or plastic substrate can be altered to mimic the spectral absorption characteristics of macular pigment at various optical density levels
  • the glass of plastic substrate can include four types of glass and/or plastic mimicking various levels of macular pigment (e.g., optical densities of 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1.0).
  • the glass or plastic is modified to mimic the internal macular pigments as closely as possible.
  • the glass or plastic could be slightly dichroic (e.g., since about 5-10% of the pigment molecules are polarizing in nature).
  • the carotenoids include, but are not limited to, macular pigments.
  • the macular pigments include lutein, zeaxanthin, derivatives of each, and combinations thereof.
  • the derivatives of lutein and/or zeaxanthin retain the properties and characteristics of lutein and zeaxanthin, respectively.
  • Derivatives of lutein include, but are not limited to, lutein esters, and the like.
  • One or more types of carotenoids can be disposed in a layer or in multiple layers disposed on a portion of the surface or on the entire surface the optical structure. In an embodiment, one or more layers of the carotenoids (or a composition including one or more types of carotenoid) can be disposed between two or more optical structures.
  • one or more types of carotenoids can be incorporated into the material to form the optical structure.
  • the carotenoid could be included in a polymer that is subsequently formed into the optical structure or a portion of the optical structure.
  • the optical structure may include two or more polymer layers, and one or more of the polymer layers can include one or more types of carotenoids.
  • the amount of carotenoids used in the optical structure can vary depending on the desired results. For example, tests can be conducted to determine how much carotenoid should be included into a prescription lens to provide an adequate level of protection and/or visual enhancement for a particular person. In another example, a pre-determined amount of carotenoid is included in the optical structure to provide a certain level of protection and/or visual enhancement (e.g., a non-prescription lens, a window, and the like).
  • a certain level of protection and/or visual enhancement e.g., a non-prescription lens, a window, and the like.
  • Human ocular tissues contain high concentrations of the dietary carotenoids lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z). These pigments are concentrated in the inner layers of the primate fovea and they are typically referred to as macular pigment (MP).
  • L dietary carotenoids lutein
  • Z zeaxanthin
  • the acuity hypothesis (#1) has been the most studied yet seems the least plausible. Although quantitative modeling suggested the hypothesis was feasible, empirical data have not supported the hypothesis. Wooten and Hammond (2001) also quantitatively modeled the visibility hypothesis (#3 and 4) and argued that the MP could improve vision through the atmosphere by absorbing short-wave dominant air light (blue haze) that produces a veiling luminance over spectrally flat objects viewed at a distance.
  • the optical hypothesis that has received the least attention is referred to here as the glare hypothesis (#2). Implicit to this hypothesis is the idea that SW light is a strong contributor to the visual discomfort associated with exposure to a strong glare source. This possibility was confirmed recently by Stringham. Stringham showed that visual discomfort resulting from a glare source was much higher for SW light than for mid-or-long wave light. Subjects with higher MP density were shown to be able to handle more short-wave light before an aversive response (quantified by EMG recordings of squinting) was elicited. This effect was not found in the parafovea where MP density is optically negligible.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates data showing the relation between MP and disability glare and photostress recovery.
  • the left panel shows the relation between MP and grating visibility under veiling glare conditions. These data show that MP directly and strongly improves vision when exposed to glare.
  • the right panel shows that MP shields the retina in such a way as to shorten photostress recovery times. Photostress is determined by the ability of rhodoposin to regenerate. MP screens the retina so that less rhodopsin is depleted when exposed to glaring light.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph of the spectral absorbance properties of MP as measured in vivo (symbols) and ex vivo (solid line).
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a filter cell 10 that is filled with a solution of oil and L and Z 16 and so artificially (and externally) mimics macular pigment in a precise way that we would like the glass to mimic MP. Movement of the first optical structure 12 towards a second optical structure 14 adjusts the amount of solution 16 (e.g., L and Z) so that the effect of differing amounts of L and/or Z 16 can be determined.
  • FIG. 2 shows the actual measured spectrum and shows that it has the precise shape of the internal macular pigments.
  • the advantage of the filter cell is that it allows us to vary optical density on a continuous scale thereby testing the effects of varying density levels on visual performance.
  • FIG. 4 shows that the filter cell adds linearly to an individuals MP density. Thus, it appears that the use of embodiments of the present disclosure would resemble increasing MP density.
  • FIG. 5 is a graph that shows that the filter cell decreases glare disability as a substantially linear function of increasing optical density.
  • FIG. 6 is graph that shows that the MP filter also enhances contrast in a substantially linear manner.
  • ratios, concentrations, amounts, and other numerical data may be expressed herein in a range format. It is to be understood that such a range format is used for convenience and brevity, and thus, should be interpreted in a flexible manner to include not only the numerical values explicitly recited as the limits of the range, but also to include all the individual numerical values or sub- ranges encompassed within that range as if each numerical value and sub-range is explicitly recited.
  • a concentration range of "about 0.1% to about 5%” should be interpreted to include not only the explicitly recited concentration of about 0.1 wt% to about 5 wt%, but also include individual concentrations (e.g., 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%) and the sub-ranges (e.g., 0.5%, 1.1%, 2.2%, 3.3%, and 4.4%) within the indicated range.
  • the term “about” can include ⁇ 1%, ⁇ 2%, ⁇ 3%, ⁇ 4%, ⁇ 5%, ⁇ 6%, ⁇ 7%, ⁇ 8%, ⁇ 9%, or ⁇ 10%, or more of the numerical value(s) being modified.
  • the phrase "about 'x' to 'y'" includes “about 'x' to about 'y" ⁇

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Eyeglasses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des structures comprenant un substrat optique, ce substrat optique renfermant un pigment maculaire. Le pigment maculaire comprend un caroténoïde. Dans un mode de réalisation, le caroténoïde peut contenir de la lutéine, de la zéaxanthine et des combinaisons de celles-ci. La structure optique peut inclure des lunettes, une lentille, des lunettes de protection, des lentilles de contact et des fenêtres. Le pigment maculaire peut être disposé sur la surface de la structure optique ou disposé avec la matière utilisée pour fabriquer la structure optique.
PCT/US2007/074163 2006-07-24 2007-07-24 Substrats revêtus de caroténoïde et substrats conçus pour imiter des substrats revêtus de caroténoïde WO2008014225A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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US83281106P 2006-07-24 2006-07-24
US60/832,811 2006-07-24

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WO2008014225A2 true WO2008014225A2 (fr) 2008-01-31
WO2008014225A3 WO2008014225A3 (fr) 2008-03-20

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Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2561321A1 (fr) * 2010-04-15 2013-02-27 Oakley, Inc. Article de lunetterie présentant une amélioration de l'intensité chromatique
EP2769262A1 (fr) * 2011-10-20 2014-08-27 Oakley, Inc. Oculaire ayant une agglomération de chromie
JP2015117948A (ja) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-25 東海光学株式会社 レンズの評価方法
US9575335B1 (en) 2014-01-10 2017-02-21 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement for specific activities
US9905022B1 (en) 2015-01-16 2018-02-27 Oakley, Inc. Electronic display for demonstrating eyewear functionality
US10073282B2 (en) 2014-11-13 2018-09-11 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with variable optical characteristics
US10871661B2 (en) 2014-05-23 2020-12-22 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear and lenses with multiple molded lens components
US11112622B2 (en) 2018-02-01 2021-09-07 Luxottica S.R.L. Eyewear and lenses with multiple molded lens components
CN113549233A (zh) * 2021-07-20 2021-10-26 北京沃视医疗科技有限公司 一种叶黄素注入式护目基片制备方法
US11579470B2 (en) 2012-05-10 2023-02-14 Oakley, Inc. Lens with anti-fog element

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6787147B1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2004-09-07 Norman Huner Solar radiation protection composition
US20050007548A1 (en) * 2000-11-03 2005-01-13 Andrew Ishak Waterman's sunglass lens
US20050043793A1 (en) * 2001-12-11 2005-02-24 Pratt Steven G. Blue blocking lens

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6787147B1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2004-09-07 Norman Huner Solar radiation protection composition
US20050007548A1 (en) * 2000-11-03 2005-01-13 Andrew Ishak Waterman's sunglass lens
US20050043793A1 (en) * 2001-12-11 2005-02-24 Pratt Steven G. Blue blocking lens

Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10401652B2 (en) 2010-04-15 2019-09-03 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
US10345623B2 (en) 2010-04-15 2019-07-09 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
US10502980B2 (en) 2010-04-15 2019-12-10 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
EP2561321A4 (fr) * 2010-04-15 2015-04-01 Oakley Inc Article de lunetterie présentant une amélioration de l'intensité chromatique
US10976574B2 (en) 2010-04-15 2021-04-13 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
EP2561321A1 (fr) * 2010-04-15 2013-02-27 Oakley, Inc. Article de lunetterie présentant une amélioration de l'intensité chromatique
US11397337B2 (en) 2010-04-15 2022-07-26 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
US9383594B2 (en) 2010-04-15 2016-07-05 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
US11474382B2 (en) 2010-04-15 2022-10-18 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
EP2769262A4 (fr) * 2011-10-20 2015-04-01 Oakley Inc Oculaire ayant une agglomération de chromie
EP3447563A1 (fr) * 2011-10-20 2019-02-27 Oakley, Inc. Lunettes à chrominance améliorée
US9134547B2 (en) 2011-10-20 2015-09-15 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
EP2769262A1 (fr) * 2011-10-20 2014-08-27 Oakley, Inc. Oculaire ayant une agglomération de chromie
JP2014531058A (ja) * 2011-10-20 2014-11-20 オークリー インコーポレイテッド 彩度強調を伴う眼鏡
US11579470B2 (en) 2012-05-10 2023-02-14 Oakley, Inc. Lens with anti-fog element
JP2015117948A (ja) * 2013-12-16 2015-06-25 東海光学株式会社 レンズの評価方法
US11099408B2 (en) 2014-01-10 2021-08-24 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
US9910297B1 (en) 2014-01-10 2018-03-06 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
US11762221B2 (en) 2014-01-10 2023-09-19 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement
US9575335B1 (en) 2014-01-10 2017-02-21 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with chroma enhancement for specific activities
US10871661B2 (en) 2014-05-23 2020-12-22 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear and lenses with multiple molded lens components
US11048103B2 (en) 2014-11-13 2021-06-29 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with variable optical characteristics
US12085788B2 (en) 2014-11-13 2024-09-10 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with variable optical characteristics
US10073282B2 (en) 2014-11-13 2018-09-11 Oakley, Inc. Eyewear with variable optical characteristics
US9905022B1 (en) 2015-01-16 2018-02-27 Oakley, Inc. Electronic display for demonstrating eyewear functionality
US11112622B2 (en) 2018-02-01 2021-09-07 Luxottica S.R.L. Eyewear and lenses with multiple molded lens components
CN113549233B (zh) * 2021-07-20 2023-04-28 北京沃视医疗科技有限公司 一种叶黄素注入式护目基片制备方法
CN113549233A (zh) * 2021-07-20 2021-10-26 北京沃视医疗科技有限公司 一种叶黄素注入式护目基片制备方法

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