WO2008012141A2

WO2008012141A2 - Detergent having improved dispersing power

Info

Publication number: WO2008012141A2
Application number: PCT/EP2007/055902
Authority: WO
Inventors: Georg Meine; Konstantin Benda; Anette Nordskog; Bernhard Guckenbiehl; Theodor Völkel
Original assignee: Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa
Priority date: 2006-07-25
Filing date: 2007-06-14
Publication date: 2008-01-31
Also published as: WO2008012141A3; DE102006034902A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a detergent containing a surfactant mixture that comprises three different surfactants. The surfactant mixture contains at least three surfactants. The first surfactant is selected from among the group of nonionic surfactants with the exception of alkyl glycosides and amine oxides, the second surfactant is selected from among the group of anionic surfactants with the exception of fatty acid soaps and alkyl glycosides, and the third surfactant is selected from among the group of amine oxides and amphoteric surfactants. The ratio between the first surfactant and the second surfactant ranges from 1:4 to 4:1, the ratio between the first surfactant and the third surfactant ranges from 3:1 to 15:1, and the ratio between the second surfactant and the third surfactant ranges from 2:1 to 20:1. The invention also relates to the use of said detergent.

Description

"Detergents or cleaning agents with improved dispersibility"

The invention relates to a washing or cleaning agent containing 1 to 60 wt .-% of a surfactant mixture of at least a first surfactant, a second surfactant and a third surfactant. The invention also relates to the use of the washing or cleaning agent.

Detergents or cleaners must have good cleaning performance over a wide range of soiling. The spectrum of soiling ranges from polar soiling such as proteins, clays and inorganic compounds to non-polar soiling such as soot and organic compounds.

Due to the ever lower wash temperature, the shorter duration of a wash cycle and the reduced water consumption during a wash, it is necessary that the dirt easily and quickly dissolves from textiles and the loosened dirt is quickly and stably dissolved or dispersed in the wash liquor. Furthermore, it is necessary to keep the suspended dirt in the wash liquor stable, so that it can be removed with the removal of the wash liquor.

EP 760846 A1 therefore describes compositions with improved soil-dispersing capacity which contain uncharged, alkoxylated polyalkyleneamine polymers as dirt-dispersing agents. Furthermore, alkoxylated polyalkyleneamine polymers charged from EP 917562 A1 are known.

However, the addition of other ingredients increases the cost of a detergent or cleaning agent. Furthermore, the addition of polymers, in particular of charged polymers, can lead to problems in the preparation of the detergent or cleaner, to stability problems in the finished detergent or / and to a reduction of the cleaning performance. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a washing or cleaning agent which has an improved Schmutzdispergiervermögen with a good cleaning performance and which is inexpensive and easy to produce.

This object is achieved by a washing or cleaning agent containing 1 to 60 wt .-% of a surfactant mixture of at least a first surfactant, a second surfactant and a third surfactant, wherein the first surfactant is selected from the group of nonionic surfactants except Alkyl glycosides and amine oxides, the second surfactant is selected from the group of anionic surfactants other than the fatty acid soaps and the alkyl glycosides and the third surfactant is selected from the group of amine oxides and amphoteric surfactants, the ratio of the first surfactant to the second surfactant is between 1: 8 and 8: 1, the ratio of the first surfactant to the third surfactant is between 3: 1 and 15: 1 and the ratio of the second surfactant to the third surfactant is between 1: 2 and 20: 1.

It has surprisingly been found that a washing or cleaning agent with this selected surfactant combination not only has an improved Schmutzdispergierverhalten, but also a very good cleaning performance on a wide range of stains.

For a particularly effective detergent or cleaning agent with very good soil dispersing power and very good cleaning performance, the ratio of the first surfactant to the second surfactant is between 1: 6 and 6: 1, and the ratio of the first surfactant to the third surfactant is between 5: 1 and 10: 1 and that the ratio of the second surfactant to the third surfactant is between 3: 1 and 15: 1. These preferred ratios can each be set completely independently of the other preferred ratios.

It may be particularly preferred that the ratio of the first surfactant to the second surfactant is between 1: 4 and 4: 1, and most preferably between 1: 2 and 2: 1.

It is preferred to use alkoxylated fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and mixtures thereof as the first surfactant, since these have good soil dispersing power.

Furthermore, it is preferably alkylbenzenesulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfates, alkanesulfonates, methyl ester sulfonates, α-olefinsulfonates, alk (en) ylsulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters, Use alkylsulfosuccinic acid, alkyl glycosides and mixtures thereof as a second surfactant, since they either have a good cleaning performance, especially with respect to fat-containing stains, and / or a high synergy potential.

It is advantageous that the third surfactant is selected from amine oxides, betaines, sulfobetaines, lecithin, phosphatidylcholine and mixtures thereof.

It is advantageous if in the washing or cleaning agent, the amount of the first surfactant 1 to 50 wt .-%, the amount of the second surfactant 0.1 to 30 wt .-% and the amount of third surfactant 0.1 to 5 % By weight, based in each case on the total washing or cleaning agent.

By using the three surfactant groups in these amounts and taking into account the proportions of the individual surfactant groups with one another, a washing or cleaning agent is obtained with a particularly good Schmutzdispergiervermögen.

It is particularly preferred that the washing or cleaning agent comprises a surfactant mixture of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol as the first surfactant, a mixture of an ethoxylated fatty alkyl sulfate and a linear alkylbenzenesulfonate as a second surfactant and an amine oxide as a third surfactant.

Such a washing or cleaning agent with this surfactant mixture has a particularly good Schmutzdispergiervermögen with excellent cleaning performance.

It is preferred that the washing or cleaning agent further contains 0.5 to 10 wt .-% fatty acid soap. Fatty acid soaps are an important component of the detergency of a, especially aqueous, detergent or cleaning agent.

It may be advantageous to further increase the Schmutzdispergiervermögens that the detergent or cleaning agent contains a polymeric Schmutzdispergiermittel selected from the group consisting of alkoxylated polyalkyleneamine polymers, polyesters, nonionic cellulose ethers, starch derivatives and mixtures thereof.

The invention also relates to the use of a washing or cleaning agent according to the invention for washing and / or cleaning textile fabrics Likewise, the invention relates to the use of a surfactant mixture of at least a first surfactant, a second surfactant and a third surfactant, wherein the first surfactant is selected from the group of nonionic surfactants with the exception of alkyl glycosides and amine oxides, the second surfactant is selected from the group of anionic surfactants with the exception of the fatty acid soaps and the alkyl glycosides and the third surfactant is selected from the group of amine oxides and amphoteric surfactants, the ratio of the first surfactant to the second surfactant between 1: 8 and 8: 1, the ratio of the first surfactant to third surfactant is between 3: 1 and 15: 1 and the ratio of the second surfactant to the third surfactant is between 1: 2 and 20: 1 for improving the soil dispersibility of a detergent or cleaner.

In the following, the invention is explained, inter alia, by way of examples.

The washing or cleaning agent contains 1 to 60 wt .-% of a surfactant mixture of at least three surfactants.

The first surfactant is selected from the group of nonionic surfactants, with the exception of the alkyl glycosides and the amine oxides. Accordingly, the first surfactant may contain, for example, alkoxylated fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, alkylphenol polyglycol ethers and mixtures thereof.

The first surfactant used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and on average 1 to 25 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol residue is linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position may be or contain linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten. In particular, however, alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of native origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and on average 2 to 8 EO per mole of alcohol are preferred. Preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C _12-14 - alcohols containing 3 EO, 7 EO or 4 EO, C ₁₂ -i ₄ alcohols with 5.5 EO, C ₉ n-alcohol with 7 EO, C. ₁₃ ₁₅ - alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C ₁₂ -i ₈ -alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C ₁₂ . ₁₄ -alcohol with 3 EO and C ₁₂ . _18- alcohol with 7 EO. The degrees of ethoxylation given represent statistical means which, for a particular product, may be an integer or a fractional number. Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow rank ethoxylates, NRE). In addition to these nonionic surfactants, fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO can also be used. Examples of these are tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO, 40 EO or 50 EO. Nonionic surfactants containing EO and PO groups together in the molecule can also be used according to the invention. Block copolymers with EO-PO block units or PO-EO block units can be used here, but also EO-PO-EO copolymers or PO-EO-PO copolymers. Of course, it is also possible to use mixed alkoxylated nonionic surfactants in which EO and PO units are not distributed in blocks, but randomly. Such products are available by the simultaneous action of ethylene and propylene oxide on fatty alcohols.

Another suitable first surfactant are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula (I),

R ¹

I R-CO-N- [Z] (I)

in which RCO is an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R 1 is hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups. The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride.

The group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula (II)

R ¹ -0-R ²

I R-CO-N- [Z] (II)

in the R is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R ^{1 is} a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R ^{2 is} a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxy-alkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein Ci_ ₄ alkyl or phenyl radicals are preferred and [Z] is a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted with at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated derivatives thereof residue. [Z] is preferably obtained by reductive amination of a sugar, for example glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, mannose or xylose. The N-alkoxy- or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can then be converted into the desired polyhydroxy fatty acid amides by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as catalyst.

The content of the first surfactant in a liquid washing or cleaning agent is preferably 5 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 7 to 20 wt .-% and in particular 9 to 15 wt .-%, each based on the total detergent or cleaning agent , The content of the first surfactant in a solid washing or cleaning agent is preferably 1 to 20 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 15 wt .-% and in particular 2 to 10 wt .-%, each based on the total washing or cleaning agent ,

In addition to the first surfactant which is selected from the nonionic surfactants, the washing or cleaning agent contains as second surfactant alkyl glycosides and / or anionic surfactants with the exception of fatty acid soaps. Accordingly, the anionic surfactants may include, for example, alkyl benzenesulfonates, alkanesulfonates, methyl ester sulfonates, α-olefin sulfonates, alk (en) ylsulfates, alkyl ethersulfates, sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters, alkylsulfosuccinic acid, and mixtures thereof.

As surfactants of the sulfonate type preferably come C ₉ -i ₃ -alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, as they are for example from C | _{_2-18} monoolefins with terminal or internal double bond by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acidic hydrolysis of the sulfonation products into consideration. Also suitable are alkanesulfonates, especially secondary alkanesulfonates containing ₁₂ -i ₈ alkanes are obtained for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation and subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization from C. Likewise suitable are the esters of .alpha.-sulfo fatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example the .alpha.-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids.

Further suitable anionic surfactants are sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters. Fatty acid glycerol esters are to be understood as meaning the mono-, di- and triesters and mixtures thereof, as in the preparation by esterification of a monoglycerol with 1 to 3 mol of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 mol Glycerol can be obtained. Preferred sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters are the sulfonation products of saturated fatty acids containing 6 to 22 carbon atoms. Substance atoms, for example caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or behenic acid.

Alk (en) yl sulfates are the alkali and especially the sodium salts of the Schwefelsäurehalbester C ₂ -C ₈ fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, styl- myristic, cetyl or stearyl alcohol, or C ₁₀ -C ₂ o-oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of these chain lengths are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) ylsulfates of said chain length, which contain a synthetic, produced on a petrochemical basis straight-chain alkyl radical, which have an analogous degradation behavior as the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials. From a washing-technical point of view, the C ₁₂ -C ₆ -alkyl sulfates are C ₂ -C ₄ -alkyl sulfates, C- | _4- alkyl sulfates, C ₂ -C ₅ -alkyl sulfates and C ₄ -C ₅ -alkyl sulfates are preferred. 2,3-alkyl sulfates, which can be obtained as commercial products from Shell Oil Company under the name DAN ^®, are suitable anionic surfactants.

Also, the sulfuric acid monoesters of straight-chain or branched C ₇ ethoxylated with 1 to 6 moles of ethylene oxide. ₂ i-alcohols, such as 2-methyl-branched C ^ -n-alcohols having on average 3.5 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) or Ci ₂ -i ₈ -fatty alcohols with 0.5 to 4 EO, are suitable. Due to their high foaming behavior, they are only used in detergents in relatively small amounts, for example in amounts of from 0.5 to 5% by weight.

Further suitable anionic surfactants are also the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or as sulfosuccinic acid esters and the monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C ₈ -i ₈ -fatty alcohol residues or mixtures of these. Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which in themselves constitute nonionic surfactants (see description below). Sulfosuccinates, whose fatty alcohol residues are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution, are again particularly preferred. Likewise, it is also possible to use alk (en) ylsuccinic acid having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof.

The anionic surfactants can be present in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine. Preferably The anionic surfactants are in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts.

In addition, as the second surfactant and alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) _x are used in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular 2-methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G the symbol is that which represents a glycose unit having 5 or 6 C atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of oligomerization x, which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is an arbitrary number between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1, 2 to 1, 4.

The content of a washing or cleaning agent according to the invention to the second surfactant is 0.1 to 30 wt .-% based on the total detergent or cleaning agent.

It is important that the ratio of the first surfactant to the second surfactant is between 1: 8 and 8: 1. For liquid detergents or cleaners, it is particularly preferred that the ratio of the first surfactant to the second surfactant is between 1: 1 and 4: 1. For solid detergents or cleaners, it is particularly preferred that the ratio of first surfactant to second surfactant is between 1: 1 and 1: 6

As a third surfactant, the washing or cleaning agent contains surfactants selected from the group of amine oxides, the amphoteric surfactants and mixtures thereof.

Suitable amine oxide-type surfactants have, for example, the formula R ¹ R ² R ³ NO, wherein each of R ¹ , R ² and R ^{3 is} independently of the others an optionally substituted C ₁ -C ₃₀ hydrocarbon chain. Exemplary representatives of these amine oxides are N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide, N-tallowalkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, myristylcetyldimethylamine oxide or lauryldimethylamine oxide.

The term "amphoteric surfactants" as used herein refers to surfactants having a negatively as well as a positively charged functional group, typical representatives of these surfactants are betaines, betaines contain a quaternary nitrogen group in the molecule and are chemically homologues of trimethylglycinate (" Betain "). The washing or cleaning agent may contain, for example, cocoamidopropyl betaine as the third surfactant Further representatives of this class of surfactants are the analogously prepared sulfobetaines and lecithin or phosphatidylcholine. It is preferred that the third surfactant is an amine oxide and especially lauryldimethylamine oxide.

The content of third surfactant is 0.1 to 5 wt .-% based on the total detergent or cleaning agent. The ratio of the first surfactant to the third surfactant is between 3: 1 and 15: 1, particularly preferably between 5: 1 and 10: 1. The ratio of second surfactant to third surfactant is between 2: 1 and 20: 1, preferably between 3: 1 and 15: 1.

Examinations of the dispersibility of surfactants have shown that the soil dispersibility of surfactants is highly dependent on the type of surfactant. For example, nonionic surfactants, with the exception of the alkyl glycosides, show a significantly faster and more pronounced dispersing action compared to hydrophobic soiling than other surfactants (types). Anionic surfactants and alkyl glycosides, on the other hand, disperse hydrophobic dirt very poorly. However, especially the anionic surfactants are important for the washing and cleaning performance of a detergent or cleaning agent. The situation is similar with the amine oxides and amphoteric surfactants, which have only a moderate Schmutzdispergiervermögen, but either as co-surfactants increase the washing and cleaning performance of other surfactants or even have power peaks on selected soils.

In order to examine the dispersibility, 50 g of an aqueous solution containing 1% by weight of the compound to be investigated were prepared. Subsequently, 5 mg each of a black pigment was added to the solution with stirring, and after 5 minutes, the amount of dispersed black pigment was estimated.

In the case of a C ₁₄ . ₁₅ fatty alcohols with 7 EO were already after 3 minutes 100% of the black pigment dispersed. However, were at a ₁₂ C -i ₄ alkyl polyglycoside after 5 minutes, only 15% and dispersed in a linear Cio-Ci ₃ alkyl benzene sulfonate, only 30% of the black pigment. When using Lauryldimethylaminoxid 60% of the black pigment were dispersed after 5 minutes. For an ethoxylated and partially quaternized polyamine, 80% of the black pigment was dispersed after 5 minutes, while for a coconut fatty amine with 5 EO, 5% of the black pigment was dispersed after 5 minutes.

By optimally adjusting the ratio of the three surfactant types used in the surfactant mixture of the washing or cleaning agent, it has been possible to obtain a washing or cleaning agent with optimized washing and cleaning performance and significantly improved soil dispersing properties without having to add any additional ingredients such as polymeric soil dispersing agents must be used. The resulting detergents or cleaners are in particular able to rapidly disperse accumulating pigment soil in the wash liquor.

The term "Schmutzdispergiervermögen" refers to the ability of an agent or a compound of a substance quickly in little liquid at 20 ⁰ C to disperse.

A particularly preferred washing or cleaning agent contains a surfactant mixture of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol as the first surfactant, a mixture of an ethoxylated fatty alkyl sulfate and a linear alkylbenzenesulfonate as a second surfactant and an amine oxide as a third surfactant. It has been found that such a washing or cleaning agent has a very good Schmutzdispergiervermögen and a very good washing and cleaning performance in a wide range of stains.

Furthermore, the washing or cleaning agent may additionally contain a fatty acid soap. Suitable are saturated and unsaturated fatty acid soaps, such as the salts of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, (hydrogenated) erucic acid and behenic acid and, in particular, soap mixtures derived from natural fatty acids, for example coconut, palm kernel, olive oil or tallow fatty acids. The fatty acid soaps may be in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine. The fatty acid soaps are preferably present in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, in particular in the form of the sodium salts. The amount of fatty acid soap is preferably in the range of 2 to 10 wt .-% based on the total washing or cleaning agent. It is particularly preferred that liquid detergents or cleaners contain fatty acid soap.

In addition to the surfactant mixture, the washing or cleaning agent may contain further ingredients which further improve the performance and / or aesthetic properties of the washing or cleaning agent. In the context of the present invention, the washing or cleaning agent preferably additionally contains one or more substances from the group of builders, enzymes, electrolytes, nonaqueous solvents, pH adjusters, perfumes, perfume carriers, fluorescers, dyes, hydrotopes, foam inhibitors, silicone oils, antiredeposition agents, Graying inhibitors, anti-shrinkage agents, anti-wrinkling agents, color transfer inhibitors, antimicrobial agents, germicides, fungicides, antioxidants, preservatives, corrosion inhibitors, antistatic agents, bittering agents, ironing auxiliaries, repellents and impregnating agents, swelling and anti-slip agents, neutral filler salts, softening components and UV absorbers. The soil dispersancy of the detergent may be further improved by adding a polymeric soil dispersant selected from the group consisting of alkoxylated polyalkylene amine polymers, polyesters, nonionic cellulose ethers, starch derivatives and blends in some instances. The polyesters include polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid or derivatives thereof known from the prior art, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene and / or polypropylene glycol terephthalates or anionically and / or nonionically modified derivatives of these. Suitable derivatives include the sulfonated derivatives of the phthalic and terephthalic acid polymers. Also suitable are nonionic cellulose ethers such as carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) or hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) and starch derivatives.

Suitable builders which may be present in the washing or cleaning agent are in particular silicates, aluminum silicates (in particular zeolites), carbonates, salts of organic di- and polycarboxylic acids and mixtures of these substances.

Suitable crystalline, layered sodium silicates have the general formula NaMSi _x O _{2x + I} H ₂ O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number from 1, 9 to 4 and y is a number from 0 to 20 and preferred values for x 2 , 3 or 4 are. Preferred crystalline layered silicates of the formula given are those in which M is sodium and x assumes the values 2 or 3. In particular, both β- and δ-sodium disilicates Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ .yH ₂ O are preferred.

It is also possible to use amorphous sodium silicates with a Na ₂ O: SiO ₂ modulus of from 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular from 1: 2 to 1: 2.6, which Delayed and have secondary washing properties. The dissolution delay compared with conventional amorphous sodium silicates may have been caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compaction / densification or by overdrying. In the context of this invention, the term "amorphous" is also understood to mean "X-ray amorphous". This means that the silicates in X-ray diffraction experiments do not give sharp X-ray reflections, as they are typical for crystalline substances, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-radiation, which have a width of several degrees of the diffraction angle. However, it may well even lead to particularly good builder properties if the silicate particles provide blurred or even sharp diffraction maxima in electron diffraction experiments. This is to be interpreted as meaning that Products have microcrystalline regions of size 10 to several hundred nm, with values up to 50 nm and more preferably up to 20 nm are preferred. Particularly preferred are compacted / compacted amorphous silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and overdried X-ray amorphous silicates.

The finely crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite used is preferably zeolite A and / or P. As zeolite P, zeolite MAP® (commercial product from Crosfield) is particularly preferred. Also suitable, however, are zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and / or P. Commercially available and preferably usable in the context of the present invention is, for example, a cocrystal of zeolite X and zeolite A (about 80% by weight of zeolite X) which is sold by SASOL under the brand name VEGOBOND AX ^® and by the formula),

n Na ₂ O (1-n) K ₂ O Al ₂ O ₃ (2 - 2.5) SiO ₂ (3.5-5.5) H ₂ O n = 0.90-1.0. The zeolite can be used as a spray-dried powder or else as an undried, stabilized suspension which is still moist from its production. In the event that the zeolite is used as a suspension, it may contain minor additions of nonionic surfactants as stabilizers, for example 1 to 3 wt .-%, based on zeolite, of ethoxylated C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols having 2 to 5 ethylene oxide groups , C ₁₂ -C ₁₄ fatty alcohols with 4 to 5 ethylene oxide groups or ethoxylated isotridecanols. Suitable zeolites have an average particle size of less than 10 μm (volume distribution, measuring method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22% by weight, in particular 20 to 22% by weight, of bound water.

Of course, a use of the well-known phosphates as builders is possible, unless such use should not be avoided for environmental reasons. Particularly suitable are the sodium salts of orthophosphates, pyrophosphates and in particular tripolyphosphates.

Organic builders which may be present in the washing or cleaning agent are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids meaning those carboxylic acids which carry more than one acid function. For example, these are citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, Malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) and their derivatives and mixtures thereof. Also usable are methylglycine diacetate (MGDA) or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures thereof.

The acids themselves can also be used. In addition to their builder effect, the acids typically also have the property of an acidifying component and thus also serve to set a lower and milder pH of detergents or cleaners. In particular, citric acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, gluconic acid, acetic acid and any desired mixtures thereof are mentioned here. Further useable acidulants are known pH regulators, such as sodium bicarbonate and sodium hydrogen sulfate.

As builders further polymeric polycarboxylates are suitable. These are, for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example, those having a molecular weight of 500 to 70,000 g / mol.

For the purposes of this document, the molecular weights indicated for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molar masses M _{w of} the particular acid form, which were fundamentally determined by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC), a UV detector being used. The measurement was carried out against an external polyacrylic acid standard, which provides realistic molecular weight values due to its structural relationship with the polymers investigated. These data differ significantly from the molecular weight data, in which polystyrenesulfonic acids are used as standard. The molar masses measured against polystyrenesulfonic acids are generally significantly higher than the molecular weights specified in this document.

Suitable polymers are in particular polyacrylates, which preferably have a molecular weight of from 2,000 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, the short-chain polyacrylates, which have molecular weights of from 2,000 to 10,000 g / mol, and particularly preferably from 3,000 to 5,000 g / mol, may again be preferred from this group.

Suitable polymers may also include substances consisting partly or wholly of units of vinyl alcohol or its derivatives. Also suitable are copolymeric polycarboxylates, in particular those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid. Copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic acid which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid have proven to be particularly suitable. Their relative molecular weight, based on free acids, is generally from 2,000 to 70,000 g / mol, preferably from 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular from 30,000 to 40,000 g / mol. The (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can be used either as an aqueous solution or, preferably, as a powder.

To improve the solubility in water, the polymers may also contain allylsulfonic acids, such as allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid, as monomer.

Also particularly preferred are biodegradable polymers of more than two different monomer units, for example those containing as monomers salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid and vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives or as monomers salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkylallylsulfonic acid and sugar derivatives.

Further preferred copolymers are those which have as monomers preferably acrolein and acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate.

Also to be mentioned as further preferred builders polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids, their salts or their precursors. Particular preference is given to polyaspartic acids or their salts and derivatives which, in addition to builder properties, also have a bleach-stabilizing action.

Further suitable builders are polyacetals which can be obtained by reacting dialdehydes with polyol carboxylic acids which have 5 to 7 C atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups. Preferred polyacetals are obtained from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic acid.

Other suitable organic builders are dextrins, for example oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates, which can be obtained by partial hydrolysis of starches. The hydrolysis can be carried out by customary, for example acid or enzyme catalyzed processes. Preferably, it is hydrolysis products having average molecular weights in the range of 400 to 500 000 g / mol. This is a polysaccharide with a dextrose equivalent (DE) in the range of 0.5 to 40, in particular from 2 to 30, wherein DE is a common measure of the reducing effect of a polysaccharide compared to dextrose, which has a DE of 100 is. Both maltodextrins with a DE of between 3 and 20 and dry glucose syrups with a DE of between 20 and 37 and also so-called yellow dextrins and white dextrins with relatively high molecular weights in the range from 2 000 to 30 000 g / mol are useful

The oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidizing agents which are capable of oxidizing at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function. Also suitable is an oxidized oligosaccharide. A product oxidized to C _{6 of} the saccharide ring may be particularly advantageous.

Oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of disuccinates, preferably ethylenediamine disuccinate, are also other suitable builders. In this case, ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinate (EDDS), preferably used in the form of its sodium or magnesium salts. Also preferred in this context are glycerol disuccinates and glycerol trisuccinates.

Other useful organic builders are, for example, acetylated hydroxycarboxylic acids or their salts, which may optionally also be present in lactone form and which contain at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxyl group and a maximum of two acid groups.

A liquid detergent or cleanser may contain a thickener. The thickener may include, for example, a polyacrylate thickener, xanthan gum, gellan gum, guar gum, alginate, carrageenan, carboxymethyl cellulose, bentonites, wellan gum, locust bean gum, agar, tragacanth, gum arabic, pectins, polyoses, starch, dextrins, gelatin and casein include. However, modified natural substances such as modified starches and celluloses, examples which may be mentioned here include carboxymethylcellulose and other cellulose ethers, hydroxyethyl and -propylcellulose and core flour ethers, can be used as thickeners.

Examples of polyacrylic and polymethacrylic thickeners include the high molecular weight homopolymers of acrylic acid crosslinked with a polyalkenyl polyether, in particular an allyl ether of sucrose, pentaerythritol or propylene (INCI name according to the International Dictionary of Cosmetic Ingredients of The Cosmetic, Toiletry and Fragrance Association (CTFA) ": Carbomer), which are also referred to as carboxyvinyl polymers Such polyacrylic acids are available, inter alia, from the company 3V Sigma under the trade name Polygel®, for example Polygel DA, and from the company BF Goodrich under the trade name Carbopol® , eg Carbopol 940 (molecular weight about 4,000,000), Carbopol 941 (molecular weight about 1,250,000) or Carbopol 934 (molecular weight about 3,000,000), which also include the following acrylic acid copolymers: (i) copolymers of two or three more monomers from the group of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and their simple, preferably with C ^ alkanols formed esters (INCI acrylates copolymer), which include about the copolymers of methacrylic acid, butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (CAS designation according to Chemical Abstracts Service: 25035-69-2) or of butyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate (CAS 25852-37-3) and which are available, for example, from Rohm & Haas under the trade names Aculyn® and Acusol® and from Degussa (Goldsc hmidt) under the trade name Tego® Polymer, for example the anionic non-associative polymers Aculyn 22, Aculyn 28, Aculyn 33 (crosslinked), Acusol 810, Acusol 820, Acusol 823 and Acusol 830 (CAS 25852-37-3); (ii) crosslinked high molecular weight acrylic acid copolymers, such as those crosslinked with an allyl ether of sucrose or pentaerythritol copolymers of C ₁₀ - ₃₀ alkyl acrylates with one or more monomers from the group of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and their simple, preferably Ci_ ₄ Alkanols formed, esters (INCI Acrylates / C-ιo- ₃₀ alkyl acrylate crosspolymer) and which are available, for example, from the company. BF Goodrich under the trade name Carbopol®, for example, the hydrophobized Carbopol ETD 2623 and Carbopol 1382 (INCI Acrylates / Ci _O - ₃ o alkyl acrylate crosspolymer) and Carbopol Aqua 30 (formerly Carbopol EX 473).

Another preferred polymeric thickening agent is xanthan gum, a microbial anionic heteropolysaccharide produced by Xanthomonas campestris and some other species under aerobic conditions and having a molecular weight of from 2 to 15 million daltons. Xanthan is formed from a chain of β-1,4-linked glucose (cellulose) with side chains. The structure of the subgroups consists of glucose, mannose, glucuronic acid, acetate and pyruvate, the number of pyruvate units determining the viscosity of the xanthan gum.

As thickening agent, a fatty alcohol is also suitable. Fatty alcohols may be branched or unbranched, of native origin or of petrochemical origin. Preferred fatty alcohols have a C chain length of 10 to 20 C atoms, preferably 12 to 18. Preference is given to mixtures of different C chain lengths, such as tallow fatty alcohol or coconut oil fatty alcohol. puts. Examples are Lorol ® Special (C ₁₂ -i ₄ -ROH) or Lorol® Technically (C ₁₂ - _I s-ROH) (both ex Cognis). Likewise, hydrocarbons having a boiling range of 36 ⁰ C to 180 ⁰ C, such as isoparaffins, are used.

The liquid washing or cleaning agent may contain from 0.01 to 3% by weight and preferably from 0.1 to 1% by weight of thickener. The amount of thickener used depends on the type of thickener and the desired degree of thickening.

The washing or cleaning agent may contain enzymes. Suitable enzymes include in particular those from the classes of hydrolases such as proteases, esterases, lipases or lipolytic enzymes, amylases, cellulases or other glycosyl hydrolases, hemicellulases, mannanases, cutinases, β-glucanases, oxidases, peroxidases, perhydrolases and / or laccases and mixtures of said enzymes in question. All of these hydrolases in the wash contribute to the removal of stains such as proteinaceous, greasy or starchy stains and graying. In addition, cellulases and other glycosyl hydrolases may contribute to color retention and to enhancing the softness of the fabric by removing pilling and microfibrils. For bleaching or for inhibiting color transfer, it is also possible to use oxidoreductases. Particularly suitable are bacterial strains or fungi such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Streptomyceus griseus and Humicola insolens derived enzymatic agents. Preferably, subtilisin-type proteases and in particular proteases derived from Bacillus lentus are used. In this case, enzyme mixtures, for example from protease and amylase or protease and lipase or lipolytic enzymes or protease and cellulase or from cellulase and lipase or lipolytic enzymes or from protease, amylase and lipase or lipolytic enzymes or protease, lipase or lipolytic enzymes and cellulase, but in particular protease and / or lipase-containing mixtures or mixtures with lipolytic enzymes of particular interest. Examples of such lipolytic enzymes are the known cutinases. Peroxidases or oxidases have also proved suitable in some cases. Suitable amylases include in particular α-amylases, iso-amylases, pullulanases and pectinases. As cellulases are preferably cellobiohydrolases, endoglucanases and ß-glucosidases, which are also called cellobiases, or mixtures thereof used. Since different cellulase types differ by their CMCase and avicelase activities, the desired activities can be set by targeted mixtures of the cellulases. The enzymes may be encapsulated or adsorbed to carriers to protect against premature degradation. The proportion of the enzymes, the enzyme liquid formulation (s) or the enzyme granules in a washing or cleaning agent may, for example, be about 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably 0.12 to about 2.5% by weight.

As electrolytes from the group of inorganic salts, a wide number of different salts can be used. Preferred cations are the alkali and alkaline earth metals, preferred anions are the halides and sulfates. From a production point of view, the use of NaCl or MgCl ₂ in the textile treatment agents is preferred. The proportion of electrolytes in the washing or cleaning agent is usually 0.1 to 5 wt .-%.

Non-aqueous solvents which can be used in the washing or cleaning agent, for example, from the group of monohydric or polyhydric alcohols, alkanolamines or glycol ethers, provided they are miscible with water in the specified concentration range. The solvents are preferably selected from ethanol, n- or i-propanol, butanols, glycol, propane- or butanediol, glycerol, diglycol, propyl- or butyldiglycol, hexylene glycol, ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether Propylene glycol methyl, ethyl or propyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl or ethyl ether, di-isopropylene glycol monomethyl or ethyl ether, methoxy, ethoxy or Butoxytriglykol, 1-butoxyethoxy-2-propanol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, propylene glycol t-butyl ether, di-n-octyl ether and mixtures of these solvents. Non-aqueous solvents may be used in the washing or cleaning agent in amounts between 0.5 and 15 wt .-%, but preferably below 12 wt .-% and in particular below 9 wt .-%.

In order to bring the pH of the washing or cleaning agent in the desired range, the use of pH adjusters may be indicated. Can be used here are all known acids or alkalis, unless their use is not for technical application or environmental reasons or for reasons of consumer protection prohibited. Usually, the amount of these adjusting agents does not exceed 10% by weight of the total formulation.

The pH of a liquid washing or cleaning agent is preferably between 3 and 11 and preferably between 5.5 and 9.5. In a preferred embodiment, the washing or cleaning agent contains one or more perfumes in an amount of usually up to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.01 to 5 wt .-%, in particular 0.3 to 3 wt .-%.

As perfume oils or fragrances, individual fragrance compounds, e.g. the synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, ketone, alcohol and hydrocarbon type are used. Preferably, however, mixtures of different fragrances are used, which together produce an attractive fragrance. Such perfume oils may also contain natural fragrance mixtures as are available from plant sources.

In order to improve the aesthetic impression of the washing or cleaning agent, they can be dyed with suitable dyes. Preferred dyes, the selection of which presents no difficulty to the skilled person, have a high storage stability and insensitivity to the other ingredients of the textile treatment agents and to light and no pronounced substantivity to textile fibers so as not to stain them.

Suitable foam inhibitors which can be used in the detergents or cleaners are, for example, soaps, paraffins or silicone oils, which may optionally be applied to support materials.

Suitable soil-release polymers are, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methylcellulose and methylhydroxypropylcellulose with a proportion of methoxy groups of from 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropyl groups of from 1 to 15% by weight, based in each case on the nonionic cellulose ether and of known in the art polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid or derivatives thereof, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or polyethylene and / or polypropylene glycol terephthalates or anionic and / or nonionic modified derivatives thereof. Suitable derivatives include the sulfonated derivatives of the phthalic and terephthalic acid polymers. Also usable are polyimines or ethoxylated diamines.

The washing or cleaning agent may contain a color transfer inhibitor. It is preferred that the dye transfer inhibitor is a polymer or copolymer of cyclic amines such as vinylpyrrolidone and / or vinylimidazole. Suitable color transfer inhibiting polymers include polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinylimidazole (PVI), copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone and vinylimidazole (PVP / PVI), polyvinylpyridine N-oxide, poly-N-carboxymethyl-4-vinylpyridium chloride and mixtures thereof. Particular preference is given to using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyvinylimidazole (PVI) or copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole (PVP / PVI) as color transfer inhibitor.

The polyvinylpyrrolidones (PVP) used preferably have an average molecular weight of 2,500 to 400,000 and are commercially available from ISP Chemicals as PVP K 15, PVP K 30, PVP K 60 or PVP K 90 or from BASF as Sokalan® HP 50 or Sokalan® HP 53 available.

The copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone and vinylimidazole (PVP / PVI) used preferably have a molecular weight in the range from 5,000 to 100,000. Commercially available is a PVP / PVI copolymer, for example from BASF under the name Sokalan® HP 56th

The amount of dye transfer inhibitor based on the total amount of washing or cleaning agent is preferably from 0.01 to 2 wt .-%, preferably from 0.05 to 1 wt .-% and more preferably from 0.1 to 0.5 wt. -%.

Grayness inhibitors have the task of keeping the dirt detached from the fiber suspended in the liquor and thus preventing the dirt from being rebuilt. Water-soluble colloids of mostly organic nature are suitable for this purpose, for example glue, gelatine, salts of ether sulfonic acids or cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch. Also, water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are suitable for this purpose. Furthermore, soluble starch preparations and other than the above starch products can be used, for example, degraded starch, aldehyde starches, etc. Also, polyvinylpyrrolidone is useful. However, preference is given to cellulose ethers such as carboxymethylcellulose (Na salt), methylcellulose, hydroxyalkylcellulose and mixed ethers such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, methylcarboxymethylcellulose and mixtures thereof in amounts of from 0.1 to 5% by weight, based on the total amount of wash - or cleaning agents used.

Since textile fabrics, in particular of rayon, rayon, cotton and their mixtures, can tend to wrinkle, because the individual fibers are sensitive to bending, buckling, pressing and squeezing transverse to the fiber direction, the detergents or cleaning agents may contain synthetic crease inhibitors. These include, for example, synthetic products the basis of fatty acids, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, alkylol esters, alkylolamides or fatty alcohols, which are usually reacted with ethylene oxide, or products based on lecithin or modified phosphoric acid ester.

To combat microorganisms washing or cleaning agents may contain antimicrobial agents. Depending on the antimicrobial spectrum and mechanism of action, a distinction is made between bacteriostatic agents and bactericides, fungistatics and fungicides, etc. Important substances from these groups are, for example, benzalkonium chlorides, alkylarylsulfonates, halophenols and phenolmercuric acetate, and the compounds according to the invention can be completely dispensed with in these detergents or cleaners ,

The detergents or cleaners according to the invention may contain preservatives, it being preferred to use only those which have no or only a slight skin-sensitizing potential. Examples are sorbic acid and its salts, benzoic acid and its salts, salicylic acid and its salts, phenoxyethanol, formic acid and its salts, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate, sodium N- (hydroxymethyl) glycinate, biphenyl-2-ol and mixtures thereof. A suitable preservative is the solvent-free, aqueous combination of diazolidinyl urea, sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate (available as Euxyl® K 500 ex Schuelke & Mayr), which can be used in a pH range up to 7.

To prevent undesirable changes to the fabric treatment agents and / or the treated fabrics caused by oxygen and other oxidative processes, the detergents or cleaners may contain antioxidants. This class of compounds includes, for example, substituted phenols, hydroquinones, catechols and aromatic amines, as well as organic sulfides, polysulfides, dithiocarbamates, phosphites, phosphonates and vitamin E.

An increased wearing comfort can result from the additional use of antistatic agents, which are additionally added to the detergents or cleaning agents. Antistatic agents increase the surface conductivity and thus allow an improved drainage of formed charges. External antistatic agents are generally substances with at least one hydrophilic molecule ligand and give a more or less hygroscopic film on the surfaces. These mostly surface-active antistatic agents can be divided into nitrogen-containing (amines, amides, quaternary ammonium compounds), phosphorus-containing (phosphoric acid esters) and sulfur-containing (alkylsulfonates). nate, alkyl sulfates) antistatic agents. Lauryl (or stearyl) dimethylbenzylammonium chlorides are suitable as antistatics for textile fabrics or as an additive to textile treatment agents, wherein additionally a softening effect is achieved.

To improve the rewettability of the treated fabrics and to facilitate the ironing of the treated fabrics, for example, silicone derivatives may be used in the fabric treatment agents. These additionally improve the rinsing behavior of the washing or cleaning agents by their foam-inhibiting properties. Preferred silicone derivatives are, for example, polydialkyl or alkylaryl siloxanes in which the alkyl groups have one to five carbon atoms and are completely or partially fluorinated. Preferred silicones are polydimethylsiloxanes, which may optionally be derivatized and are then amino-functional or quaternized or have Si-OH, Si-H and / or Si-Cl bonds. The viscosities of the preferred silicones are in the range between 100 and 100,000 mPas at 25 ° C., wherein the silicones can be used in amounts of between 0.2 and 5% by weight, based on the total amount of detergent or cleaning agent.

Finally, the washing or cleaning agent may also contain UV absorbers, which are applied to the treated fabrics and improve the light resistance of the fibers. Compounds which have these desired properties are, for example, the compounds which are active by radiationless deactivation and derivatives of benzophenone with substituents in the 2- and / or 4-position. Also suitable are substituted benzotriazoles, phenyl-substituted acrylates (cinnamic acid derivatives) in the 3-position, optionally with cyano groups in the 2-position, salicylates, organic Ni complexes and natural substances such as umbelliferone and the body's own urocanic acid.

In order to avoid the catalyzed by heavy metals decomposition of certain detergent ingredients, substances that complex heavy metals can be used. Suitable heavy metal complexing agents are, for example, the alkali metal salts of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), methylglycinediacetic acid trisodium salt (MGDA) and alkali metal salts of anionic polyelectrolytes such as polymaleates and polysulfonates.

A preferred class of complexing agents are the phosphonates present in the detergent or cleaning agent in amounts of 0.01 to 2.5% by weight, preferably 0.02 to 2% by weight and in particular 0.03 to 1, 5 wt .-% are included. These preferred compounds include in particular organophosphonates such as, for example, 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid (HEDP), Aminotri (methylenephosphonic acid) (ATMP), diethylenetriamine penta (methylenephosphonic acid) (DTPMP or DETPMP) and 2-phosphonobutane-1, 2,4-tιϊcarbonsäure (PBS-AM), which are usually used in the form of their ammonium or alkali metal salts.

Solid washing or cleaning agents may additionally contain neutral filler salts such as sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, magnesium chloride or sodium carbonate.

The washing or cleaning agents according to the invention can be used for washing and / or cleaning textile fabrics.

A liquid washing or cleaning agent is prepared by customary and known methods and processes in which, for example, the constituents of the washing or cleaning agent are simply mixed in stirred tanks, water, non-aqueous solvents and surfactants, are conveniently presented and the other ingredients are added in portions , Separate heating in the preparation is not required, if desired, the temperature of the mixture should not exceed 80 ^° C.

A solid washing or cleaning agent is prepared by known processes, which may include, for example, drying steps, mixing steps, densification steps, shaping steps and / or the subsequent addition of heat-sensitive ingredients ("post-addition").

The following tables show the compositions of washing or cleaning agents according to the invention.

Table 1: Composition of a liquid washing or cleaning agent (in% by weight) Ingredients E1

C ₁₂ -i ₄ -fatty alcohol with 7 EO 10

Ci ₂ - ₁₄ alkylpolyglycoside -

Lauryldimethylamine oxide 1

Na lauryl ether sulfate 4.6

Linear C ₁₀ -C ₁₃ -alkylbenzenesulfonate 10

Coconut fatty acid 7

citric acid

Phosphonic acid ^* 1, 2

Optical brightener 0.05

Polyacrylate Thickener 1

Sodium hydroxide (50%) 4.7

Propylene glycol 7

Boric acid 1

Silicone defoamer 0.1

Perfume 1, 5

Enzymes ^** , dye +

Water Ad 100

Diethylenetriamine (pentamethylenephosphonic acid) Mixture of cellulase, amylase and protease

Table 2: Composition of a solid washing or cleaning agent (in% by weight)

Ingredients E2

C ₁₂ -i ₄ fatty alcohol with 7 EO 6

Lauryldimethylamine oxide 2

Linear C ₁₀ -C ₁₃ -alkylbenzenesulfonate 10

Tallow fatty acid, Na salt 1

Na polycarboxylate 2

Phosphonic acid ^* 1

Optical brightener 0.2

Sodium carbonate / sodium bicarbonate 28

Sodium silicate 5

TAED 3

Percarbonate 15

Silicone defoamer 0.05

NaOH 0.4

Perfume 0,5

Enzymes ^** , dye +

Water 2.5

Sodium sulfate ad 100

1-hydroxyethane (1, 1-di-phosphonic acid) ^** Mixture of cellulase, amylase and protease

Both washing or cleaning agents E1 and E2 showed a very good cleaning performance on a wide range of stains as well as a rapid dispersion of the resulting pigment dirt. Thus, the resulting pigment soil was stably dispersed in the wash liquor within 3 minutes. Due to the fast dispersing ability of the detergents or cleaning agents, the agents can be used particularly advantageously in the short-cycle of automatic washing machine or for hand washing, which lasts on average 3 to 5 minutes.

Claims

claims

1. washing or cleaning agent containing 1 to 60 wt .-% of a surfactant mixture of at least a first surfactant, a second surfactant and a third surfactant, wherein the first surfactant is selected from the group of nonionic surfactants except the alkyl glycosides and amine oxides, the second surfactant is selected from the group of alkyl glycosides and anionic surfactants other than fatty acid soaps, and the third surfactant selected from the group of amine oxides and amphoteric surfactants, the ratio of first surfactant to second surfactant is between 1: 8 and 8: 1, the ratio of the first surfactant to the third surfactant is between 3: 1 and 15: 1 and the ratio of the second surfactant to the third surfactant is between 1: 2 and 20: 1.

2. Washing or cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the first surfactant to the second surfactant is between 1: 6 and 6: 1.

3. washing or cleaning agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ratio of the first surfactant to the third surfactant is between 5: 1 and 10: 1.

4. Washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the ratio of the second surfactant to the third surfactant is between 3: 1 and 15: 1.

5. Washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first surfactant is selected from the group comprising alkoxylated fatty alcohols, alkoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, Alkylphenolpoly- glycol ethers and mixtures thereof.

6. Washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the second surfactant is selected from the group comprising alkylbenzenesulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfates, alkanesulfonates, methyl ester sulfonates, α-olefinsulfonates, alk (en) ylsulfate, alkyl ether sulfates, sulfonated Fatty acid glycerol esters, alkyl sulfosuccinic acid, alkyl glycosides and mixtures thereof.

7. Washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the third surfactant is selected from the group comprising amine oxides, betaines, sulfobetaines, lecithin, phosphatidylcholine and mixtures thereof.

8. washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the amount of the first surfactant 1 to 50 wt .-%, based on the total detergent or cleaning agent is.

9. washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the amount of second surfactant from 0.1 to 30 wt .-%, based on the total detergent or cleaning agent is.

10. washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the amount of third surfactant from 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, based on the total detergent or cleaning agent is.

1 1. washing or cleaning agent according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the washing or cleaning agent, a surfactant mixture of an ethoxylated fatty alcohol as the first surfactant, a mixture of an ethoxylated fatty alkyl sulfate and a linear alkylbenzenesulfonate as the second surfactant and an amine oxide as the third surfactant.

12. Washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the washing or cleaning agent further contains 0.5 to 10 wt .-% fatty acid soap.

13. Washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the washing or cleaning agent is a polymeric soil dispersing agent selected from the group comprising alkoxylated polyalkyleneamine polymers, polyesters, nonionic cellulose ethers, starch derivatives and mixtures thereof.

14. Use of a washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 1 to 13 for washing and / or cleaning of textile fabrics.

15. Use of a surfactant mixture of at least a first surfactant, a second surfactant and a third surfactant, wherein the first surfactant is selected from the group of nonionic surfactants with the exception of alkyl glycosides and amine oxides, the second surfactant is selected from the group of alkyl glycosides and anionic surfactants other than the fatty acid soaps and the third surfactant selected from the group of amine oxides and amphoteric surfactants, the ratio of the first surfactant to the second surfactant is between 1: 8 and 8: 1, the ratio of the first surfactant to the third surfactant between Is 3: 1 and 15: 1, and the ratio of the second surfactant to the third surfactant is between 1: 2 and 20: 1 to improve the soil dispersancy of a detergent or cleaner.