Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
  • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
  • F24S30/45—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
  • F24S30/458—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes with inclined primary axis
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
  • F24S2030/10—Special components
  • F24S2030/13—Transmissions
  • F24S2030/135—Transmissions in the form of threaded elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
  • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
  • F24S2030/10—Special components
  • F24S2030/13—Transmissions
  • F24S2030/137—Transmissions for deriving one movement from another one, e.g. for deriving elevation movement from azimuth movement
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
  • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Definitions

• tracking or tracking systems known to the tracking of solar panels the course of the sun during the daytime, for the purpose of vertical irradiation of the collectors, regardless of the time of day and the season and thus independent of the rotation of the earth about its own axis and circulation (Revolution) of the earth to reach the sun.
• the vertical irradiation causes the maximum yield of the efficiency of the collector, generally these systems are used for the tracking of photovoltaic panels.
• WO 2005/028969 discloses automated systems, which are equipped with a device which enables the periodic manual correction of the seasonal tracking. These systems are all based on the rotatable mounting of the collector around a vertical axis for daytime tracking and a horizontal axis for the seasonal tracking which can be performed continuously automatically or periodically, possibly manually.
• the support frame of the solar collector is hinged to the rotatable member with the axis of rotation parallel to the earth axis so as to follow the orientation of the wobbling plate, provided that at each daily rotation the plate is rotated by 1/365 of complete rotation.
• This rotation is derived by using a driver mechanism of the daytime rotation.
• a driving mechanism acts on the toothed ring, the circumference of the wobbling disc in that a weight which is attached to the end of a pivot arm and pivots in one or the other direction by the movement of the swash plate.
• This tracking mechanism allows the precise alignment of the collector, but has the disadvantage that the driving mechanism works with the pivoting weight is not very reliable and, in relation to external loads, such. caused by gusts of wind is prone.
• seasonally pivoting construction which occurs through the progressive rotation of the swashplate has static problems which are not easily solved.
• the invention has the object to provide a tracking device for solar panels of the type described above which is suitable to carry out the NachStemonyen after two axes, has a simple structure, is reliable in the operation, is low-cost manufacturable, requires little maintenance and is suitable, together with a noteworthy Series of identical devices, via a single drive unit to be operated.
• the invention proposes the use of a stable on the ground, on buildings or the like, anchored structure which is suitable a main frame, which is mounted parallel to the earth's axis, to carry on which, according to a horizontal axis pivotable and at least in the right Angle to the axis of rotation arranged parallel to the axis, the solar collector, or its support frame, or the frame of various grouped collectors, is pivotally mounted.
• This rotation starts from the extreme east-facing position, which may be determined by the presence of mountains or buildings that limit direct sunlight, and goes to the extreme west-facing position, which may also be determined by the presence of mountains or buildings. at noon, the orientation is exactly south.
• the back of the collector facing the end of the threaded spindle is hinged to the support frame, while a certain freedom from sliding in the direction substantially parallel to the axis of daytime tracking movement, within own guides, given while provided at the opposite end with a substantially radially projecting drive wings or drive projections provided nut is at which a driving pawl acts which is provided on a projecting from the fixed anchored structure or fixed bracket.
• the provided on the threaded spindle nut is mounted so that it rests in the longitudinal direction front and back of a stop so that, by the rotation of the nut, the axial displacement of the threaded spindle, with respect to the fixedly connected to the main frame of the device holder of the nut , he follows.
• the said driving pawl is mounted so pivotally that they, as a result of a stop, during the tracking from east to west (daytime) or from west to east (nocturnal feedback) causes the rotation of the nut while pivoting in the corresponding rotation in the opposite direction, the same driving pawl free can and is moved across the nut without them to drive because no stop is provided for this direction of movement.
• This seasonal pivotal movement of the solar collector according to an axis which is perpendicular to the axis which is parallel to the earth axis, arranged must be carried out so that the collector progressively from a more inclined position on December 21 (winter solstice) in a less inclined position on 21.
• the nut is provided with at least three radially projecting drive vanes or drive projections, in this way takes place during each pass under the Mit supportiveklinke a rotation of about 120 ° and an axial displacement of the threaded spindle by about 1/3 of the thread pitch.
• the nut is moved under two or more, in the direction of movement successively arranged, pawls therethrough so as to achieve a further rotation of the nut.
• the invention does not exclude that the nut is provided with an outer sprocket which meshes over a certain distance with a rack which is connected to the fixed anchored structure and that between the sprocket and the nut a known freewheel mechanism is provided with switching the freewheeling direction.
• the threaded spindle can rotate on the main frame of the device, in essential parallel position to the axis of daytime tracking, be stored and at the end which is moved closer to the fixed anchored structure of the device, be provided with operating wing or operating projections on soft, already described manner, attached to the fixed structure driving pawl acts.
• a nut which is provided on the threaded spindle and according to the longitudinal axis of this, for example, on the main frame, slidably mounted, along the threaded spindle in response to the rotation and the pitch of the thread moves.
• This displacement of the nut can be transmitted to the collector or on its frame by means of cables and corresponding pulleys or by means of another mechanical system which consists for example of simple or combined levers.
• a cable pull it may be advantageous to have one of the directions of the pivoting movement of the solar collector performed by a spring.
• Fig. 1 shows schematically in perspective view, seen substantially from behind, a tracking device according to the invention for solar panels while the collector is aligned on one of the days of the equinox to the south; in order to derive the seasonal tracking movement of the daily time tracking movement, a threaded spindle is axially displaceable, not rotatable, mounted and a driving pawl acts on a rotatable nut on the threaded spindle.
• Fig. 2 shows the schematic plan view of the same in Fig. 1 illustrated tracking device with the identical orientation (south, winter solstice).
• Fig. 2a shows the schematic plan view of the same in Figs. 1 and 2 shown tracking device with the collector oriented to the east on the day of the winter solstice.
• Fig. 2b shows the schematic plan view of the same in Figs. 1, 2 and 2a shown tracking device with the collector aligned west on the day of the winter solstice.
• Fig. 3 shows the side view of the tracking device shown in Fig. 1 with an indication of the seasonal pivoting movement of the solar collector.
• Fig. 4 shows in perspective, on an enlarged scale, the detail of the drive mechanism for the seasonal tracking movement.
• Fig. 5 shows a perspective view, substantially from behind, another embodiment of a tracking device according to the invention, wherein for the daily time tracking a spoked wheel-shaped frame is rotatably mounted on a substantially T-förmige ⁇ anchored to the ground frame, the storage for seasonal tracking in the area the lower edge of the collector or its frame is provided and wherein a threaded spindle is rotated by the daytime tracking movement via a driving pawl whereby a slidably but not rotatably supported, penetrated by the threaded spindle, nut causes the seasonal inclination of the collector.
• FIG. 6 shows the side view of the tracking device shown in FIG. 6
• the fixed support structure 2, 2a, 2b, 2c anchored which consists of a front vertical support 2 and two spread rear supports 2a, 2b, from the upper end of which a cantilevered arm 2c projects.
• a main support frame for the solar collector P or for several rotatable collectors Rd is stored.
• This main frame consists essentially of the parallel arms 3a, 3c which are provided with the corresponding bearing journals 5a and 5b and are connected by a tubular profile 3b.
• the bearing pin 5a is provided with a gear 5 or other known element for the direct or indirect transmission of movement from a drive group, not shown, consisting of motor and reduction gear.
• a bow-shaped structure is fixed which consists of a tube profile 3e and two parallel arms 3f, provided at the free ends of the storage 3g for the laterally from the collector P, or from the support frame of this collector or a group of collectors, projecting pins is; this support frame is pivotable about an axis A which is perpendicular to the axis D and through the bearing journals of the collector or the support frame of the collector P and through the corresponding bearings 3g on the two arms 3f.
• the daily-time tracking movement Rd of the main frame 3a, 3b, 3c, 3e, 3f and the collector P about the axis D is used according to the invention for maintaining the seasonal tracking movement Ra of the collector P;
• an axially displaceable 6s mounted 6a, 6c threaded spindle 6 is provided behind the collector.
• the bearings 6a, 6c are
• the two sliding bearings 6a, 6c are arranged coaxially with one another in order to be able to receive the threaded spindle 6 axially slidably 6s.
• the pipe section 6d lies with that end which is opposite to the end resting against the nut 7a on the bearing 6c or on the profile pipe 3b.
• the end of the threaded spindle 6 which faces the back of the collector P or the frame is held in a provided with slots or grooves connecting element 6b so that a rotation of the threaded spindle 6 prevents, but a limited shift substantially in the direction of the axis D, is possible ,
• a driving pawl 10 is provided which is pivotable in a direction about the axis X 10a and with a Stop is provided to prevent the pivoting movement in the opposite direction.
• the invention does not preclude a different mounting of the threaded spindle 6, eg parallel to the axis D of the daytime tracking Rd (FIG. 6. 7);
• the threaded spindle 6 itself, above radial protruding wings 7 or via a toothing and by means of one or more driving pawls 10, to set in rotation 6m whereby a displacement 7b of the nut 7 is achieved which can be transmitted mechanically or hydraulically to the collector P or on its frame.
• the driving pawl 10 can be replaced by a fixed driver which acts on a ring gear or a wing ring, or a ring with radial projections, wherein between the said rim and the threaded spindle a freewheel mechanism is provided with switching the freewheeling direction.
• FIGS. 6 and 7. By means of legs 12, 12a, 12b anchored to the base 1, a support structure 12d, 12c with bearing journals 15a is fastened.
• the axis D of the bearing pin 15a is aligned parallel to the earth axis, at this pin 15a is a spoked wheel-shaped frame consisting of an outer ring profile 20 with circumferential groove 20a and spokes 20b rotatably mounted Rd.
• the ring profile 20 runs on, or between, on the T-shaped frame 12c, 12d provided rollers 15.
• the rollers 15 can be used or it can be driven by a cross in the groove 20a chain (Straps, cables).
• the rotation Rd is the daily time tracking for the collector P softer on two mutually parallel from the Spoke wheel frame 20, 20b parallel to the axis D protruding arms 20c in bearing 13g about the axis A pivotally mounted Ra is mounted.
• the pivotal movement Ra is the seasonal tracking movement for the collector P; this movement takes place in the derivation of the daily time tracking Rd via a threaded spindle / screw nut mechanism 6, 7a.
• the threaded spindle 6 is mounted rotatably 6m by means of the angle arm 21, 22 substantially parallel to the axis of rotation D.
• the bottom 1 facing the end of the threaded spindle 6 is provided with an impeller 7 on which a driving claw 10 acts which is built on the fixed frame 12d so that at each daily time tracking Rd the impeller 7 is guided past the pawl to a twist 6m of the impeller 7 and thus to reach the threaded spindle 6.
• the nut 7a is limited, but not rotatably mounted on the arm 19 projecting from the collector frame in longitudinal slots.
• Upon rotation of 6m of the threaded spindle 6 is thus a longitudinal adjustment 7b of the nut 7a and thus a pivoting Rb of the arm 19 about the axis A, which causes a rotation Ra of the collector P and thus the seasonal tracking day after day.
• the direction of action of the pawl 10 must be reversed in this embodiment on the day of the winter and summer solstice.
• the tracking device enables the simple mechanical connection, by means of mechanical transmission elements such as cables, chains, belts, the bearing pin 5a, or the spoke wheel-shaped frame 20, 20b, a plurality provided with collectors P or groups of collectors main frame to easily connected to all

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
• Liquid Crystal (AREA)
• Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)

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Citations (8)

• 2006
  • 2006-07-07 IT IT000029A patent/ITBZ20060029A1/it unknown
• 2007
  • 2007-06-29 WO PCT/EP2007/005762 patent/WO2008003431A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2007-06-29 EP EP07726180A patent/EP2038589A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (8)

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