WO2007139392A1 - Procédé solvay modifié et utilisations de celui-ci pour traiter des flux de gaz contenant du co2 et pour la désalinisation - Google Patents

Procédé solvay modifié et utilisations de celui-ci pour traiter des flux de gaz contenant du co2 et pour la désalinisation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007139392A1
WO2007139392A1 PCT/NO2007/000186 NO2007000186W WO2007139392A1 WO 2007139392 A1 WO2007139392 A1 WO 2007139392A1 NO 2007000186 W NO2007000186 W NO 2007000186W WO 2007139392 A1 WO2007139392 A1 WO 2007139392A1
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Prior art keywords
ammonia
chloride
carbon dioxide
ammonium
gas
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PCT/NO2007/000186
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English (en)
Inventor
Omar Chaalal
Original Assignee
Enpro As
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Publication date
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Publication of WO2007139392A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007139392A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
    • C01D7/00—Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
    • C01D7/18—Preparation by the ammonia-soda process
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B9/00—General methods of preparing halides
    • C01B9/02—Chlorides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/02—Preparation, purification or separation of ammonia
    • C01C1/026—Preparation of ammonia from inorganic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/16—Halides of ammonium
    • C01C1/164—Ammonium chloride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01C—AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF
    • C01C1/00—Ammonia; Compounds thereof
    • C01C1/26—Carbonates or bicarbonates of ammonium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
    • C01D7/00—Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
    • C01D7/00—Carbonates of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
    • C01D7/12—Preparation of carbonates from bicarbonates or bicarbonate-containing product
    • C01D7/123—Preparation of carbonates from bicarbonates or bicarbonate-containing product by thermal decomposition of solids in the absence of a liquid medium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F11/00—Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium
    • C01F11/20—Halides
    • C01F11/24—Chlorides
    • C01F11/28—Chlorides by chlorination of alkaline-earth metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
    • C01F5/00—Compounds of magnesium
    • C01F5/26—Magnesium halides
    • C01F5/30—Chlorides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
    • C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/20—Reductants
    • B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2062—Ammonia
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/402—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of magnesium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B01D2251/404—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds of calcium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/151—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions, e.g. CO2

Definitions

  • a modified Solvay process and uses thereof for processing C02-containing gas streams and for desalination
  • the present invention relates to a method for processing an input gas stream, as appears in the preamble of the following claim 1.
  • Alkanolamines encompasses the family of organic compounds of monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA) and triethanolamine (TEA). The process is undertaken in two steps: Step one: Absorbing
  • Step 2 is very expensive, It uses high pressure, high temperature and releases tons of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, thus it is a source of atmospheric pollution.
  • a mixture of saline water and ammonia replaces the Alkanolamine.
  • the saline water refers to the produced water from oil and gas fields and further in this document this will be referred to as saline water.
  • the produced water is of high salinity ranging from 4 to five times the salinity of seawater.
  • Saline water is cooled at a temperature suitable for the reaction 2OC is directed to a mixing tank (Tank A).
  • tank A The water in tank A must be well mixed with ammonia from tank B then directed to the absorber D.
  • the natural gas enters the Column D from the bottom. The carbon dioxide in the natural gas reacts as shown in the chemical reactions presented in this innovation.
  • the products are Clean Natural gas ready to be liquefied or delivered to consumers for use.
  • the Ammonium Chloride and Sodium Hydrogencarbonate and water mixture can be separated to give soft water that can be re-injected in the oil and gas field.
  • the present invention relates in particular to a method for processing of water containing an amount of salt.
  • the main objective of the invention is to achieve a method and a novel technique for transforming saline water, which is discharged or rejected from oil and gas field into a useful irrigation water and soda ash compounds (Na 2 CO 3 ).
  • the huge amount of saline water, which is discharged, rejected or dumped back in the oil and gas fields, is a real production problem.
  • the problem is caused by the fact that it causes pressure loss in pipelines and pipes clogging.
  • the carbon dioxide is highly corrosive in presence of water, it has no heating value and is responsible for green house effect.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide for a process enabling operators of oil and gas fields, onshore and offshore, to remove and recover emissions of carbon dioxide in natural gas.
  • the method of the present invention is characterised by the following steps of:
  • step b) reacting said ammonium carbonates from step a) with a saline solution for forming chemical products including alkaline metal carbonate and ammonium chloride, and
  • step b) processing said ammonium chloride from step b) by decomposition to form ammonia and metal chloride and/or hydrochloride acid, and
  • step c) is implemented by using calcium oxide (CaO) to generate calsium chloride as said metal chloride, and/or by using magnesium oxide (MgO) to generate magnesium chloride as said metal chloride.
  • CaO calcium oxide
  • MgO magnesium oxide
  • a further step includes of returning said ammonium chloride generated in step (b) back to step (a) for use in generating said alkaline solution.
  • further steps of the method includes of decomposing said alkaline metal carbonate generated in step (b) into carbon dioxide, and then returning said carbon dioxide back to step (a) for reuse.
  • said carbon dioxide in step (a) is derived from at least one of the following input gas streams:
  • the saline containing solution is a sodium chloride containing solution, and preferably saline, such as a salty NaCI-solution, originating from oil and gas fields.
  • ammonium chloride part is heated, or added calcium oxide, or added magnesium oxide, or mechanically treated to decompose into ammonia, while the hydro chloride, or calcium chloride or magnesium chloride or other part from the decomposition, may be deposited or traded.
  • the carbon dioxide needed for the process is taken from decomposition of said alkaline metal bicarbonate, or a mixture thereof.
  • the ammonium bicarbonate NH 4 HCO 3 is produced in two steps, the first being that carbon dioxide is combined with the alkaline solution in step 1a forming ammonium carbonate (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 , which is then reacted with more carbon dioxide and water to form said ammonium bicarbonateNH 4 HCO 3 .
  • reaction is conducted by the following steps:
  • Reaction 4 is similar to reaction 5 that describes the gas sweetening invention used in the EnPro process.
  • carbon dioxide CO 2 may be returned to steps 1a) and 1b), and
  • the method of the invention is used for processing of saline water originating from a desalination plant or an oil or gas field (formation water), said saline water being added to the process of step 2, or for removing carbon dioxide from combustion gas, such as related to power plants driven by the combusting of coal, oil or gas, or from natural gas from oil and gas fields
  • the method is used for removing carbon dioxide from industrial activity, such as in smelting plants causing considerable emissions of carbon dioxide in their exhaust gases.
  • the method may be used for removing carbon dioxide from natural gases.
  • the method may be used for removing carbon dioxide from combustion gases or natural gases, such as related to power plants driven by the combusting of coal, oil or gas or natural gas from for example oil- and gas fields.
  • combustion gases or natural gases such as related to power plants driven by the combusting of coal, oil or gas or natural gas from for example oil- and gas fields.
  • the use areas are defined in claims 10-14.
  • the inventive method is used in a combined process for removing carbon dioxide from combustion and natural gases and for a simultaneous desalination of saline water.
  • the novel technique according to the invention uses a new and revised version of the old Solway process.
  • the carbon dioxide is derived from any CO2 containing exhaust or natural gas originating from a combustion process, or from oil and gas fields, or the carbon dioxide originates from the regeneration of monoethanolamine.
  • the old and well known Solway process use is made of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) and sodium chloride (NaCI), while in the new revised version of Solway process there is no need for using calcium carbonate. It can be replaced by MgO or CaO directly, or other method.
  • the carbon dioxide needed is taken from exhaust gases or from the exhaust of the regeneration of monoethanolamine used in natural gas processing.
  • the ammonium chloride (NH 4 CI) from the process is either
  • the recovered ammonia is recycled and returned to the initial brine or saline solution.
  • the present invention appreciates benefits from employing a more reactive calcium oxide (CaO, slaked lime) or magnesium oxide (MgO) which represent considerably more complex handling problems than less reactive lime Ca(OH) 2 (kalk) as employed in apparatus elucidated in the Norwegian patent document.
  • CaO calcium oxide
  • MgO magnesium oxide
  • a change to a more reactive form of input chemical, for example CaO and/or MgO would initially seem disadvantageous to a person ordinarily skilled in the art, especially when large quantities of materials are concerned as exemplified in the Norwegian document. Further significant changes would be needed to the power station described in Norwegian document to implement the present invention.
  • the apparatus of the Norwegian document would be regarded to be an optimized configuration.
  • step 2 the ammonium hydrogen carbonate of step b) is reacted with the saline water from the oil and gas field or the rejected brine water coming from a desalination plant to form sodium bicarbonate
  • step 3 the NaHCO 3 Js converted into Na 2 CO 3 .
  • the carbon dioxide CO 2 may be returned to step 1.
  • the sodium carbonate NaCO 3 precipitates and may be put to the market.
  • the ammonium chloride is heated to decompose to give ammonia and hydrochloric acid.
  • the ammonia is returned to sub step a).
  • NH4CI > NH 3 + HCI, or
  • the ammonium chloride is added calcium oxide to decompose to give ammonia and calcium chloride.
  • the ammonium chloride is added magnesium oxide to decompose to give ammonia and magnesium chloride.
  • ammonia is treated in a mechanical way to decompose to give ammonia and other material.
  • the ammonia is returned to sub step a).
  • step 2 The product compounds NaHCO 3 and NH 4 CI of step 2), represents the same compounds which are formed according to the Solway Process.
  • this step is not necessary since ammonia chloride NH 4 CI is decomposed into NH 3 and HCI, and the NH 3 is returned to step 1.
  • Said CaO is normally produced by heating of calcium carbonate CaCO 3 as follows:
  • the CO 2 produced here is the extra CO 2 produced so that there is no net use of CO 2 in the standard process.
  • the ammonia compound NH 3 is recirculated from step 4 to step 1.
  • the need for a supply of fresh ammonia may be completely eliminated or highly reduced.
  • the supply of CO 2 comes from the exhaust gas, and from the regeneration of said monoethanolamine used in the natural gas processing, or from the natural gas.
  • A Brine water from desalination plant or saline water (formation water) from oil and gas field
  • H Storage tank of water for irrigation or re-injection in wells.
  • the reactions according to steps 1 and 2 are conducted.
  • Brine water or saline water from A is led into the reactor top D through line 12.
  • Water for irrigation purposes are conducted through line 14 to storage H.
  • step 1 and 2 ammonia chloride and soda ash are separated in F conducting the ammonia chloride product into E, while the soda ash (NaHCO 3 ) is led through line 22 into box 30, and further heated to decompose into CO 2 (at 32) which is returned to the section C, the total CO 2 source of the process.
  • the ammonia NH 3 produced in section E is further conducted through line 34 to section B to form an ammonia solution (in water).
  • Section A which contains an aqueous brine solution originating from a desalination plant or saline water solution originating from oil and gas field.
  • This brine/saline water solution is conducted through line 12 to the reactor top.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé servant à traiter un flux de gaz entrant, caractérisé par les étapes suivantes consistant à : a) faire réagir le dioxyde de carbone du flux de gaz entrant avec une solution alcaline à base d'ammoniac, pour former des carbonates d'ammonium; b) faire réagir lesdits carbonates d'ammonium provenant de l'étape a) avec une solution saline pour former des produits chimiques comprenant un carbonate de métal alcalin et du chlorure d'ammonium; et c) traiter ledit chlorure d'ammonium provenant de l'étape b) par décomposition pour former de l'ammoniac et du chlorure de métal et/ou de l'acide chlorhydrique; et d) mettre en œuvre l'étape c) en utilisant de l'oxyde de calcium (CaO) pour générer du chlorure de calcium en tant que dit chlorure de métal et/ou en utilisant de l'oxyde de magnésium (MgO) pour générer du chlorure de magnésium en tant que dit chlorure de métal. De préférence, le procédé est utilisé dans un procédé combiné servant à enlever le dioxyde de carbone d'un gaz de combustion et à dessaler de l'eau.
PCT/NO2007/000186 2006-05-30 2007-05-30 Procédé solvay modifié et utilisations de celui-ci pour traiter des flux de gaz contenant du co2 et pour la désalinisation WO2007139392A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20062465 2006-05-30
NO20062465A NO20062465L (no) 2006-05-30 2006-05-30 Method and for cleaning of gases and uses thereof

Publications (1)

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WO2007139392A1 true WO2007139392A1 (fr) 2007-12-06

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WO2010005797A2 (fr) * 2008-07-10 2010-01-14 Shell Oil Company Procédé de traitement d'un flux gazeux hydrocarboné a concentration de dioxyde de carbone élevée au moyen d'un solvant maigre contenant de l'ammoniac aqueux
WO2010057261A1 (fr) * 2008-11-21 2010-05-27 University Of South Australia Utilisation de déchets de dessalement
US7744761B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2010-06-29 Calera Corporation Desalination methods and systems that include carbonate compound precipitation
US7749476B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2010-07-06 Calera Corporation Production of carbonate-containing compositions from material comprising metal silicates
US7753618B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2010-07-13 Calera Corporation Rocks and aggregate, and methods of making and using the same
US7754169B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2010-07-13 Calera Corporation Methods and systems for utilizing waste sources of metal oxides
US7771684B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2010-08-10 Calera Corporation CO2-sequestering formed building materials
US7790012B2 (en) 2008-12-23 2010-09-07 Calera Corporation Low energy electrochemical hydroxide system and method
EP2236586A1 (fr) * 2009-04-01 2010-10-06 R3PC DI Roman Reder Réduction de CO2
US7815880B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2010-10-19 Calera Corporation Reduced-carbon footprint concrete compositions
US7829053B2 (en) 2008-10-31 2010-11-09 Calera Corporation Non-cementitious compositions comprising CO2 sequestering additives
US7875163B2 (en) 2008-07-16 2011-01-25 Calera Corporation Low energy 4-cell electrochemical system with carbon dioxide gas
US20110033355A1 (en) * 2009-08-10 2011-02-10 Smith David R Method and apparatus to sequester co2 gas
US7887694B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2011-02-15 Calera Corporation Methods of sequestering CO2
US7939336B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2011-05-10 Calera Corporation Compositions and methods using substances containing carbon
US7966250B2 (en) 2008-09-11 2011-06-21 Calera Corporation CO2 commodity trading system and method
US7993500B2 (en) 2008-07-16 2011-08-09 Calera Corporation Gas diffusion anode and CO2 cathode electrolyte system
US7993511B2 (en) 2009-07-15 2011-08-09 Calera Corporation Electrochemical production of an alkaline solution using CO2
US8137444B2 (en) 2009-03-10 2012-03-20 Calera Corporation Systems and methods for processing CO2
WO2012028607A3 (fr) * 2010-08-30 2012-05-18 Babcock Borsig Steinmüller Gmbh Système et procédé pour le dessalement d'eau de mer
EP2525896A1 (fr) * 2010-01-22 2012-11-28 Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey Séquestration d'un gaz émis par une usine industrielle
CN102815775A (zh) * 2012-07-24 2012-12-12 浙江省天正设计工程有限公司 高浓度镁盐废水的处理方法及其设备
US8357270B2 (en) 2008-07-16 2013-01-22 Calera Corporation CO2 utilization in electrochemical systems
US8486182B2 (en) 2009-03-11 2013-07-16 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Method and system for removing carbon dioxide from exhaust gas by utilizing seawater
US8491858B2 (en) 2009-03-02 2013-07-23 Calera Corporation Gas stream multi-pollutants control systems and methods
US8834688B2 (en) 2009-02-10 2014-09-16 Calera Corporation Low-voltage alkaline production using hydrogen and electrocatalytic electrodes
US8869477B2 (en) 2008-09-30 2014-10-28 Calera Corporation Formed building materials
EP2910295A1 (fr) * 2014-02-25 2015-08-26 Alstom Technology Ltd Arrangement et procédé de traitement de gaz de fumée intégré et production de carbonate de sodium
US9133581B2 (en) 2008-10-31 2015-09-15 Calera Corporation Non-cementitious compositions comprising vaterite and methods thereof
US9260314B2 (en) 2007-12-28 2016-02-16 Calera Corporation Methods and systems for utilizing waste sources of metal oxides
WO2017029509A1 (fr) 2015-08-18 2017-02-23 United Arab Emirates University Procédé de capture de dioxyde de carbone et de dessalement
US9724639B2 (en) 2015-08-18 2017-08-08 United Arab Emirates University System for contacting gases and liquids
JP2019510628A (ja) * 2016-03-25 2019-04-18 ブルー プラネット，エルティーディー． アンモニア媒介二酸化炭素（ｃｏ２）隔離方法及びシステム
US10875785B2 (en) * 2016-07-22 2020-12-29 Steven L. Cort Recovery of valuable resources from produced water and coal combustion products
KR102239993B1 (ko) * 2020-01-13 2021-04-15 대우조선해양 주식회사 선박의 온실가스 배출 저감장치
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