WO2007131998A1 - Dispositif capteur pour mesurer une température subjective - Google Patents

Dispositif capteur pour mesurer une température subjective Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007131998A1
WO2007131998A1 PCT/EP2007/054685 EP2007054685W WO2007131998A1 WO 2007131998 A1 WO2007131998 A1 WO 2007131998A1 EP 2007054685 W EP2007054685 W EP 2007054685W WO 2007131998 A1 WO2007131998 A1 WO 2007131998A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
sensor
signal
heat radiation
heat
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/054685
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Maximilian Fleischer
Uwe Lampe
Roland Pohle
Elfriede Simon
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2007131998A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007131998A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/20—Compensating for effects of temperature changes other than those to be measured, e.g. changes in ambient temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01W—METEOROLOGY
    • G01W1/00—Meteorology
    • G01W1/17—Catathermometers for measuring "cooling value" related either to weather conditions or to comfort of other human environment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K2201/00—Application of thermometers in air-conditioning systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sensor arrangement for determining a subjective or sensed temperature, wherein in addition to a room or air temperature further environmental influences are taken into account.
  • Heaters and air conditioners make it possible for people to create an optimal climate indoors.
  • This optimal climate is characterized by a number of parameters, which are in principle accessible to a control by an air conditioner.
  • the most important parameters to be controlled are, for example, the temperature, the humidity or the air flow.
  • the effect of these individual parameters on the welfare of the people do not each sufficient in itself, but because the Pa ⁇ parameters influence each other, must be the interaction of all factors considered.
  • An optimal control of a room climate requires that the variables to be controlled are first accessible to a measurement.
  • Numerous technical solutions are available for measuring room temperature. It is known to control heating systems to use the mere room or air temperature.
  • the measurement of the ambient temperature describes al-lerdings poorly perceived by persons Tempe ⁇ ture that is perceived, for example via the contact between air and skin. Since the related Tempe ⁇ raturempfindung to locally occurring on the skin effect is based, as a whole, not all parameters that are gen ⁇ for a perceived temperature to begursichti included in the considerations with.
  • an ambient temperature is thus used as a control variable, which is generated by temperature measurements, the essential order ⁇ dicaseinflouvre not detected and thus the well- being of persons not begurschreibet total.
  • the invention has the object of providing a Sensoranord ⁇ voltage that detects a subjective temperature and sets this relatively unaffected peraturrage to the room or Heiltem-.
  • the ambient temperature is generally considered to be optimum, excluding other factors influencing the temperature perception in a range of approximately 18-22 ° C. However, the subjective part of the temperature sensation can not be directly recorded as a measured variable.
  • An essential aspect of the present invention consists in the approximately simultaneous generation of a plurality of temperature signals, on the one hand by means of a first temperature sensor, wherein an ambient or room or air temperature is reproduced, and secondly by means of a second temperature sensor, which represents a sensed temperature, which in addition to the previously known temperature determination further influences of radiation effects, moisture effects,
  • a sensor arrangement determines a difference signal between these at ⁇ the generated temperature signals, wherein a measure of the influence of the recorded heat radiation or existing humidity or existing air flow is displayed on the sensed temperature by the resulting difference signal.
  • Conceivable occupancy for example, under ⁇ Kunststoffmug Textures of surfaces, a surface with ice or condensed water or the Physiolo gical ⁇ property of the skin.
  • An advantageous embodiment relates to the Austrac ⁇ tion of a first and a second temperature sensor, which differ in terms of their surface properties.
  • the first temperature sensor for measuring the air temperature in this case has a reflective surface, so that thermal radiation plays a subordinate role at its surface.
  • the second temperature sensor has on its surface a heat radiation strongly absorbing surface, so that the subjective, sensed temperature can be detected at this temperature sensor.
  • the effect of thermal radiation or infrared radiation is considered to be ⁇ additionally to the pure air temperature measurement.
  • a temperature sensor Upper ⁇ superficially hydrophobic form, so that the air temperature without influence of moisture is determined.
  • the entspre ⁇ accordingly second temperature sensor is equipped with a surface made ⁇ , which is hydrophilic, so that moisture creates there. This second temperature sensor measures the felt
  • a sensor is operated thermally insulated. If it is heated from the outside by heat radiation, it can not release the heat introduced to the outside to the outside.
  • the corresponding second sensor is coupled to a heat sink or heat source and can partially dissipate the amount of energy radiated in, so that a measured value of this sensor or of this sensor arrangement is less affected by the impinging radiation than in the case of the thermally insulated sensor.
  • a respectively generated from the claimed sensor assembly difference signal which includes information about existing next to the room temperature factors such as thermal radiation, humidity, air flow, can be used as a control variable in an advantageous manner in a heating system ⁇ the.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of a sensor arrangement for detecting the sensed temperature
  • FIG. 2 shows the shielding of a sensor element from the effect of radiation by a cover
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows the function of the sensor for detecting heat losses in a heating system
  • Figure 4 shows the radially symmetrical arrangement of tempera ⁇ tursensoren for direction-independent measurement
  • FIG. 5 shows the structure of a sensor arrangement according to FIG. 4 for direction-dependent measurement
  • FIG. 6 shows the radially symmetrical arrangement for direction-independent measurement, whereby the influencing variable-moisture-is taken into account
  • FIG. 7 shows an exemplary embodiment which includes a first temperature sensor maintained at a constant temperature, the temperature of a gas flow being measured in order to take into account the influence of the cooling of the gas flows.
  • the influence of infrared radiation on the perceived temperature is measured by a combination of two temperature sensors with different interaction with infrared radiation.
  • This combination of sensors increases the Temperature of the sensor with stronger interaction on infrared radiation vigorously, which increases the sensor with less interaction on infrared radiation less.
  • the difference between the two measured temperature values is a measure of the influence of the incident radiation on a person, since their temperature perception depends both on the room or air temperature and on the amount of heat radiated.
  • information is obtained ture over a perceived tempera ⁇ , where two signals, the temperature of the ambient air and wind chill are taken.
  • two sensors are used which have different surfaces. While the measured value of an ideally mirrored or in the infrared and visible spectral range well reflective temperature sensor is not affected by impinging infrared radiation, as this is completely reflected in a strongly absorbing temperature sensor, a large part of the incident infrared radiation is converted into heat, resulting in an increase Temperature compared to the mirrored or white sensor leads. It makes use of the fact that a body with a white surface is ideally regarded as a heat ray reflecting body and a body with a black surface as an ideal heat ray absorbing body.
  • a thermostatic sensor is provided. This means that one of at least two sensors is kept at a predetermined temperature. With this embodiment, the case of a reduction of the subjective temperature can be detected by local heat losses by means of radiation to the environment.
  • the function provides that a thermostat is applied to the body temperature. holding the black body, the energy is measured to stabilize the temperature and as a measure of the influence of the heat loss to the environment on the perceived tempera ⁇ ture is related. If, for example, two sensors are used with different thermal coupling to the environment, then a temperature sensor can be operated in a thermally insulated manner and thus be heated when irradiated, without giving off heat to the outside.
  • the additional sensor is coupled to a heat sink or to a heat source and can dissipate most of the radiated energy, so that the measured value of this sensor is less affected by the incident radiation as in the thermally isolated sensor.
  • the proposed arrangement thus allows for the first time the inclusion of the temperature sensation significantly influencing infrared radiation in heating and air conditioning systems.
  • control strategies for heating and air conditioning systems can be optimized to locally capture the optimum environmental conditions for a person's well-being, and to reduce the space heating energy demand by taking into account the increase in temperature caused by solar radiation.
  • FIG. There are two Temperatursenso ⁇ ren 1, 2 used, the absorbent, each having an infrared radiation and an infrared radiation reflective coating are provided.
  • the difference signal contains on the one hand the temperature signal 3 for the room or air temperature ⁇ tur and the temperature signal 4 for the subjective or ge ⁇ felt temperature.
  • the difference signal contains, in addition to the individual sensor signals or temperature signals 3, 4 information about the radiated Infrarotstrahlungs ⁇ amount.
  • the temperature sensors 1, 2 are formed differently by being in the direction of the incident infrared radiation / heat radiation 6 in the case of the temperature sensor 1 with a heat radiation reflective coating and in the case of the temperature sensor 2 with a heat radiation ab ⁇ sorbing coating.
  • the actual temperature sensor elements could be, for example, NTC or
  • thermocouples or platinum tempera ⁇ ture sensor are provided with different coatings, which have the highest possible degree of reflection for heat radiation and thus are suitable for measuring the ambient temperature without the radiation component and on the other hand have the highest possible absorption coefficient with respect to the heat radiation, so that they the ambient temperature and in addition the above Thermal radiation capture introduced temperature.
  • the heat radiation is usually in the infrared spectral range.
  • Highly absorbent materials are z. As carbon black or 'palladium black' (palladium oxide) or, platinum black '(platinum oxide).
  • FIG. 2 again shows the thermal effect 6 incident on the two described sensors.
  • a cover 9 is one of the two identical sensors, in this case sensor 1 kept free by the cover 9 of the heat radiation 6. Since both identical sensors are temperature sensors 2 with absorbing surface 7, the uncovered sensor in this case will indicate the room temperature and additionally the temperature increase that is produced by the incident heat radiation.
  • the temperature sensor 2 appearing on the left in FIG. 2 is covered by the radiation and thus indicates the room or ambient or air temperature under ideal conditions. Electrical contacts for the removal of electrical signals are not shown in Figure 2.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a schematic operation of the sensor for de- tetation heat loss is. It should be noted, that can be used to coat the temperature sensors materials chosen as a surface for the intended ⁇ thermostatic body can be used. The heating can be done electrically, wherein when using materials with a temperature-dependent electrical conductivity by measuring the electrical resistance in addition to the determination of the heating power can be done simultaneously, the determination of the temperature, as shown in Figure 3.
  • FIG. 3 shows the scheme of a heating control, wherein as
  • Controlled variable the electrical heating of a heated elemen ⁇ tes to a certain temperature via a temperature measurement is controlled and flows through the heating control.
  • the output signal can be used to control electrical power to the heater.
  • the temperature sensor elements may be of spherical construction and, for example, like FIG. 4, the sensor 1 may be reflective coated with a reflecting surface 8 and correspondingly with an absorbing surface 7. In any case, a radially symmetric Arrangement Darge ⁇ provides that can measure direction independent.
  • FIG. 5 shows a structure for direction-dependent measurement. In order to protect the sensors mechanically and against the action of high-frequency radiation, they can be covered with a material which is permeable to the infrared region, for example with silicon.
  • the humidity affects the heat capacity and thermal conductivity ⁇ the air. These contributions are considered by the ⁇ be written arrangements. In addition, the occupation of surfaces with moisture is determined by the moisture content of the air. Cold on the occurrence of evaporative ⁇ can have on the well-being moisture major negative impact.
  • a measurement of the evaporative cooling can be realized by a system of a hydrophobically coated and a system which is similar to a skin covered with moisture, while for the hydrophobically coated sensor, the evaporation cold is negligible, the signal of the hydrophilic sensor also the local temperature changes Play or contain evaporation.
  • FIG. 6 shows correspondingly temperature sensors S1, S2, which have a hydrophobic coating 12 or a hydrophilic coating 11, respectively. Due to the radially symmetric Anord ⁇ voltage one direction-independent measurement is possible.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif capteur pour mesurer une température subjective, ce dispositif comportant au moins deux capteurs de température, dont au moins un premier capteur de température (1) n'est pas ou est peu influencé par le rayonnement thermique ou l'humidité ou l'écoulement de l'air et génère un premier signal de température (3) de l'environnement non parasité par ces éléments. Au moins un deuxième capteur de température (2) correspondant au premier et sensiblement soumis aux interférences du rayonnement thermique ou de l'humidité ou de l'écoulement de l'air ou d'une combinaison de ces éléments génère un deuxième signal de température (4) d'une température subjective. Un signal différentiel (5) entre un premier et un deuxième signal de capteur de température correspondant représente une grandeur de rayonnement thermique absorbé ou d'humidité ambiante ou d'écoulement de l'air existant. Le produit concerné est un système de mesure de température destiné à la régulation d'installations de chauffage ou de climatisation.
PCT/EP2007/054685 2006-05-17 2007-05-15 Dispositif capteur pour mesurer une température subjective WO2007131998A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006023181.3 2006-05-17
DE200610023181 DE102006023181A1 (de) 2006-05-17 2006-05-17 Sensoranordnung zur Messung einer subjektiven Temperatur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007131998A1 true WO2007131998A1 (fr) 2007-11-22

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DE (1) DE102006023181A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007131998A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8727608B2 (en) * 2003-09-04 2014-05-20 Flir Systems, Inc. Moisture meter with non-contact infrared thermometer
US20150211937A1 (en) * 2014-01-24 2015-07-30 Siemens Schweiz Ag Temperature sensing apparatus and method of measuring a temperature outside a housing

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102008031285A1 (de) * 2008-07-02 2010-01-07 Mahlo Gmbh + Co. Kg Sensoranordnung zur pyrometrischen Messung der Temperatur eines Messobjektes

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4504157A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-03-12 Austin Crabtree Chill temperature meter
US6038922A (en) * 1997-06-19 2000-03-21 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Thermometric apparatus and method for determining the concentration of a vapor in a gas stream

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DE2528340C2 (de) * 1975-06-25 1976-12-30 Madsen Thomas Lund Geraet zum messen des durch asymmetrie des thermischen feldes verursachten thermischen unbehagens
US4106339A (en) * 1977-09-28 1978-08-15 John Stephen Baer Wind chill meter and method of measuring wind chill effect
DE19710946A1 (de) * 1997-03-15 1998-09-24 Braun Ag Thermopile-Sensor und Strahlungsthermometer mit einem Thermopile-Sensor
DE19846970C1 (de) * 1998-10-12 2000-08-31 Trilog Thermotechnik Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Messung von gefühlter Temperatur
DE10122435A1 (de) * 2001-05-09 2003-01-30 Werner Hein Energiespar Lüftungssteuerung
ITTO20040029A1 (it) * 2004-01-27 2004-04-27 Fiat Ricerche Anenometro resistivo e dispositivo sensore di comfort termico comprendente un tale anemometro.

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4504157A (en) * 1982-09-30 1985-03-12 Austin Crabtree Chill temperature meter
US6038922A (en) * 1997-06-19 2000-03-21 Agilent Technologies, Inc. Thermometric apparatus and method for determining the concentration of a vapor in a gas stream

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8727608B2 (en) * 2003-09-04 2014-05-20 Flir Systems, Inc. Moisture meter with non-contact infrared thermometer
US20150211937A1 (en) * 2014-01-24 2015-07-30 Siemens Schweiz Ag Temperature sensing apparatus and method of measuring a temperature outside a housing
US10107693B2 (en) * 2014-01-24 2018-10-23 Siemens Schweiz Ag Temperature sensing apparatus and method of measuring a temperature outside a housing

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