WO2007129467A1 - Procédés de désinfection réductive du sol, désinfectants réducteurs pour le sol, procédés de désinfection humide du sol, désinfectants mouillés pour le sol et systèmes pour imbiber le sol de désinfectants - Google Patents

Procédés de désinfection réductive du sol, désinfectants réducteurs pour le sol, procédés de désinfection humide du sol, désinfectants mouillés pour le sol et systèmes pour imbiber le sol de désinfectants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007129467A1
WO2007129467A1 PCT/JP2007/000472 JP2007000472W WO2007129467A1 WO 2007129467 A1 WO2007129467 A1 WO 2007129467A1 JP 2007000472 W JP2007000472 W JP 2007000472W WO 2007129467 A1 WO2007129467 A1 WO 2007129467A1
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Prior art keywords
soil
ethanol
acetic acid
water
aqueous solution
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PCT/JP2007/000472
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Michikatsu Sato
Katsumi Sakamoto
Shiro Kamibeppu
Rieko Sato
Hiromichi Abekura
Yuso Kobara
Seiji Uematsu
Tosaku Mihira
Chika Miwa
Original Assignee
Japan Alcohol Corporation
Chiba Prefecture
National Institute For Agro-Environmental Sciences
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Application filed by Japan Alcohol Corporation, Chiba Prefecture, National Institute For Agro-Environmental Sciences filed Critical Japan Alcohol Corporation
Priority to JP2008514389A priority Critical patent/JP4436426B2/ja
Publication of WO2007129467A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007129467A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N31/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic oxygen or sulfur compounds
    • A01N31/02—Acyclic compounds

Definitions

  • Soil reduction disinfection method soil reduction disinfectant, soil wetting disinfection method, soil wetting disinfectant and soil disinfectant irrigation system
  • the present invention relates to a soil reduction disinfection method, a soil reduction disinfectant, a soil wetting disinfection method, a soil wetting disinfectant, and a soil disinfectant port injection system.
  • soil remediation method soil reductive disinfectant for controlling soil pathogens such as centrifu, soil germs, weed germination control
  • soil pest control such as phytopathogens in the soil Soil moistening / disinfecting method for soil germination, soil moistening / disinfecting agent
  • soil disinfectant injection system for controlling soil pathogens such as phytopathogenic fungi and sentinu during soil cultivation and weed germination control About.
  • Chlorpicrin is a drug that is difficult for users to handle due to its tearing and irritation properties. Improper handling may cause irritating odors and other damage not only to workers but also to the vicinity.
  • Dazomet needs to maintain sufficient soil moisture and use covering materials.If treated with low soil moisture, gasification is insufficient and the residual period of the drug in the soil becomes long, and phytotoxicity after planting. Occurs.
  • Hot water disinfection methods, steam disinfection methods, and solar heat disinfection methods Has been proposed and implemented in part.
  • the solar heat disinfection method is aimed at killing plant pathogens under low oxygen conditions due to high earth temperature by solar heat and organic matter reduction, killing pests such as centuria, and controlling weed germination, but the temperature is high or the weather continues. If not, it is not effective.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 soil reduction or disinfection is carried out by sown rice bran or bran into the soil (soil), sufficiently flooded, covered the entire surface with a transparent plastic film, and exposed to sunlight for 3 to 4 days.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 A law has been proposed (Non-Patent Document 1) and is being implemented.
  • a soil mixture that is easily degradable by soil and microorganisms and contains organic matter (eg, crop residue containing bran, rice bran, sucrose, rice straw, etc.) mixed at a predetermined mixing ratio with the soil.
  • a filling step of filling a resin bag having water impermeability e.g., a polyethylene bag
  • the soil mixture filled in the resin bag by the filling step with water having a water volume exceeding a field capacity.
  • infiltrating the soil mixture into an infiltrated state, and closing the bag of the resin bag A sealing step for closing and blocking the ventilation of the soil mixture and the outside air; and a standing step for standing the resin bag filled and sealed with the soil mixture under a predetermined temperature condition.
  • a reductive disinfection method by soil filling which is characterized by comprising (Patent Document 1).
  • Non-Patent Document 1 requires 20 to 30 cm depth from the surface of the soil, that is, it is necessary to stir rice bran, bran or the like into the soil, but it is difficult with human power, There is a problem of requiring a cultivator. Another problem is that rice bran and bran are bulky and are not easily transported and stored in farmland. When rice bran, bran, etc. are poured into the soil and put into a reduced state, there is a problem that the bad odor is bad and may cause pollution.
  • the reductive disinfection method by soil filling described in Patent Document 1 aims at disinfection of soil used for small-scale agriculture or home gardening, that is, soil reconstitution disinfection of only a desired amount of soil, It does not reduce and disinfect the entire field.
  • the standing process is about 3 weeks at 20 ° C or higher, which is extremely long.
  • Rice bran, bran, etc. contain a lot of nitrogen, so the soil after disinfection has an excessive amount of nitrogen, and depending on the crop, it will hinder growth and make it difficult to grow.
  • Non-Patent Document 2 As an improved method of the reduction and disinfection method described in Non-Patent Document 1, a molasses aqueous solution is poured into the soil, the soil temperature is maintained in a range of 25 to 40 ° C, and the soil is reduced. A soil disinfecting method has been proposed that has a disinfecting effect up to the lower soil, and can effectively control soil pests present in the lower soil (Patent Document 2).
  • Strength Molasses is a viscous liquid or solid, and there is a problem that it is not easy to dissolve and dilute in water on agricultural land. There is also a problem that ants are generated in large quantities. Furthermore, there is a problem that the time to reach 25 to 40 ° C to the subsoil is extremely limited.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 “FY2014 Japanese Society of Plant Pathology Hokkaido Division (Held from April 24th to 25th, 2004)
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 _ 1 1 2 8 1 5
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 0 4 _ 3 2 3 3 9 5
  • Patent Document 3 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-2 9 2 7 1 1
  • Patent Document 4 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-3 1 2 5 0 7
  • the inventors of the present invention have provided a soil reduction disinfection method, a soil reduction disinfectant, a soil without the above problems.
  • a moistening / disinfecting method, soil wetting / disinfecting agent, and soil disinfectant injection system low-concentration ethanol aqueous solution and low-concentration ethanol / acetic acid aqueous solution are effective for soil disinfection.
  • the present inventors have found that the above problems are not present and have completed the present invention. Further, the present inventors have found a method for effectively disinfecting soil even with a low concentration of ethanol, and have completed the present invention.
  • the object of the present invention is to control phytopathogenic fungi and pests such as Sentiyu in soil, and suppress weed germination while being an extremely safe and easy-to-handle compound.
  • Soil reduction disinfecting method soil reduction disinfectant; extremely safe and simple, can control phytopathogenic fungi in the soil, especially pests such as Sentiyu, and suppress weed germination
  • Soil moistening / disinfecting method soil moistening / disinfecting agent
  • soil disinfecting agent for controlling plant pathogens in the soil, pests and other pests, soil for controlling weed germination in the soil It is to provide a soil disinfectant port injection system that can supply disinfectants to soil easily and efficiently.
  • the soil contains an aqueous ethanol solution (however, the ethanol content is 0.1% by volume or more) to make it submerged and hold the soil while suppressing the evaporation of water and ethanol.
  • Soil sterilization method characterized by disinfecting as a reduced state.
  • an aqueous solution of soil in ethanol and acetic acid (however, the ethanol content is 1 volume 0/0 or 0.5, acetic acid is 0.1 to 20 volume 0/0 ethanol) free of Shimete waterlogging
  • a soil reductive disinfection method characterized in that the soil is sterilized in a reduced state by holding water, ethanol and acetic acid while suppressing evaporation.
  • aqueous ethanol (however, ethanol content than is 1 volume 0/0 or 0.5)
  • Soil reducing disinfecting agent characterized in that it consists.
  • Soil reduction characterized by comprising an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid (however, the ethanol content is at least 0.1% by volume, and acetic acid is 0.1 to 20% 0 / o of ethanol) disinfectant.
  • the soil is soaked with an aqueous ethanol solution (however, the ethanol content is 0.3% by volume or more) and kept in a moist state (including a flooded state) while suppressing evaporation of water and ethanol.
  • a soil moisture disinfection method characterized by disinfecting soil.
  • ethanol content is 0.3 volume 0/0 or more, 1 0 volume 0/0 or less
  • Inhibition of water and ethanol evaporation can be achieved by covering the soil surface treated with an aqueous ethanol solution with a plastic film or sheet.
  • the soil moistening / disinfecting method according to any one of the above.
  • aqueous soil in ethanol and acetic acid damp for the additional inclusion of
  • a soil moistening / disinfecting method characterized in that the soil is disinfected by maintaining the state (including a flooded state) while suppressing evaporation of water, ethanol and acetic acid.
  • aqueous ethanol (however, ethanol content is 0.3 volume 0/0 above) soil wetting disinfecting agent characterized in that it consists.
  • ethanol content is 0.3 volume 0/0 or more, 1 0 soil wetting disinfectants [25], wherein the capacitance 0/0 or less.
  • [26- 1] ethanol content 0.5 vol 0/0 or more, preferably 1.5 volume 0/0 or more, 1 0.0 Soil wetting disinfectant according [26], wherein the or less volume percent.
  • the liquid fertilizer mixer includes a water supply source and a submerged tube inlet
  • the ethanol aqueous solution in the ethanol aqueous solution storage tank, or the ethanol aqueous solution and the acetic acid aqueous solution in the ethanol aqueous solution storage tank and the acetic acid aqueous solution storage tank are put into the water flowing in the water supply pipe.
  • a soil disinfectant port injection system that is characterized by being mixed at a certain ratio.
  • [3 1] Water supply pipe with one end connected to the water supply source and the other end connected to the inlet of the irrigation tube, a flow resistance device provided in the middle of the water supply piping, and upstream and downstream sides of the flow resistance device
  • the soil reduction disinfection method of the present invention uses an aqueous ethanol solution or an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid, it is extremely safe, and no harmful components remain in crops cultivated on the disinfected soil. There are no ants swarming like molasses. Since low concentrations are acceptable, high concentrations of ethanol and high concentrations of acetic acid require only a small amount and are easy to transport, store, and handle. Easy preparation by water dilution in the field. Since it is an aqueous solution, it can be quickly and easily penetrated into the soil and into the soil.
  • the soil-reducing disinfectant of the present invention has ethanol and water or ethanol, acetic acid and water as its main components, so that it is extremely safe, and harmful components remain in crops cultivated in the disinfected soil. There is no low cost. Since low concentrations are acceptable, only a small amount of high-concentration ethanol or high-concentration acetic acid, which is a stock solution, can be transported, stored, and handled. Ethanol is extremely water-soluble and can be easily prepared by diluting with water in the field. Because it is an aqueous solution, it can be quickly and easily penetrated into the soil and into the soil.
  • the soil moistening / disinfecting method of the present invention uses an aqueous ethanol solution or an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid, it is extremely safe, and no harmful components remain in crops cultivated in the disinfected soil. It is low cost, and ants do not flock like molasses. Since low concentrations are acceptable, high concentrations of ethanol and high concentrations of acetic acid require only a small amount and are easy to transport, store, and handle. Easy preparation by water dilution in the field. Because it is an aqueous solution, it can be quickly and easily penetrated into the soil and into the soil.
  • ethanol or ethanol and acetic acid are the main components, even in relatively low soil temperatures such as 10 to 20 ° C, It can effectively disinfect soil, especially soil, and can effectively control phytopathogenic fungi, pests and other pests in the soil, effectively weed germination Can be suppressed.
  • the soil moisturizing disinfectant of the present invention has ethanol and water or ethanol, acetic acid and water as the main components, so it is extremely safe and noxious components remain in crops cultivated in the disinfected soil.
  • the cost is low. Since low concentrations are acceptable, only a small amount of high-concentration ethanol or high-concentration acetic acid is required, so transportation, storage, and handling are easy.
  • Ethanol is extremely water-soluble and can be easily prepared by diluting with water in the field. Since it is an aqueous solution, it can be quickly and easily penetrated into the soil and into the soil.
  • ethanol or ethanol and acetic acid are the main components, soil, especially soil, can be moistened and disinfected in a short period of time even at relatively low ground temperatures such as 10 to 20 ° C. It is possible to effectively control phytopathogenic fungi and pests such as Sentiyu in the soil, and to effectively suppress weed germination.
  • the soil disinfectant pouring system of the present invention can easily and quickly dilute high-concentration ethanol and high-concentration acetic acid with water to make a low-concentration aqueous solution, and does not require manual operation to the lower layer of the soil. Can be ordered quickly.
  • FIG. 1 is a piping system diagram of a soil disinfectant port injection system for pouring an aqueous ethanol solution into soil.
  • Figure 2 is a piping system diagram of the soil disinfectant port injection system for pouring an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid into the soil.
  • FIG. 3 is a piping system diagram of a soil disinfectant injection system (with bypass piping) for injecting an aqueous ethanol solution into soil.
  • FIG. 4 is a piping system diagram of a soil disinfectant pouring system (with bypass piping) for pouring an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid into the soil.
  • FIG. 5 is a piping system diagram of a soil disinfectant pouring system (automatic system) for pouring an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid into the soil.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state where the dredging tube branches are poured into the soil.
  • FIG. 7 shows changes in the redox potential of soil.
  • FIG. 8 shows the redox potential and oxygen concentration of soil.
  • FIG. 9 shows the relationship between the treatment amount of ethanol and the like and the germination rate of lettuce seeds.
  • FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the treatment amount of ethanol and the like and the number of lettuce.
  • Fig. 11 shows the relationship between the amount of ethanol treated and the weight of lettuce.
  • FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the treatment amount of ethanol and the like and the vegetation coverage of lettuce.
  • FIG. 13 shows the bactericidal effect of ethanol against tomato bacterial wilt.
  • Figure 14 shows the bactericidal effect of ethanol against bacterial wilt of tomato
  • FIG. 15 shows the bactericidal effect of acetic acid against tomato bacterial wilt.
  • FIG. 16 shows the bactericidal effect against cucumber vine split fungi such as ethanol.
  • FIG. 17 shows the bactericidal effect against tomato bacterial wilt fungus such as ethanol.
  • FIG. 18 shows changes in the concentration of acetic acid in soil water.
  • Figure 19 shows the change in the concentration of acetic acid in soil water.
  • FIG. 20 shows changes in the concentration of acetic acid in soil water.
  • Fig. 21 shows the film permeation rate of ethanol.
  • Figure 22 shows the film permeation rate of chlorpicrin.
  • FIG. 23 shows the film transmission rate of dichloropropene.
  • FIG. 24 shows the film permeation rate of methylisothiocyanate.
  • the soil reduction disinfectant used in the soil reduction disinfection method of the present invention and the soil reduction disinfectant of the present invention are ethanol aqueous solution (however, the ethanol content is 0.1% by volume or more) or an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid ( However, the ethanol content is 0.1 volume 0 / o or more, and acetic acid is 0.1 to 20 volume 0 / o of ethanol).
  • the volume% which is a unit of an ethanol aqueous solution or the like, is a value at an atmospheric temperature of 15 ° C.
  • the lower limit of the ethanol content in the aqueous ethanol solution is preferably 0.3% by volume, more preferably 0.4% by volume, and still more preferably 0.5% by volume from the viewpoint of the reduction and disinfection effect.
  • the upper limit of the ethanol content in an aqueous ethanol solution or an aqueous ethanol and acetic acid solution is not particularly limited. However, if the ethanol content is too high, the ethanol content is wasted, and from the viewpoint of flammability and economy, the ethanol aqueous solution or ethanol
  • the ethanol content in the aqueous solution of acetic acid is preferably 60% by volume, more preferably 20% by volume, and even more preferably 7% by volume.
  • the lower limit of the ethanol content is preferable in terms of control effect. Is 0.35% by volume, more preferably 0.4% by volume, and still more preferably 0.6% by volume.
  • the soil-reducing disinfectant of the present invention also has a meaning of a weed germination inhibitor.
  • the lower limit of the ethanol content is preferably 0.35% by volume, more preferably from the viewpoint of controlling effect, depending on the type of weeds. It is 0.4% by volume, more preferably 0.6% by volume.
  • a preferable ethanol content in an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is the same as described above.
  • Soil reduction disinfectants consisting of ethanol and acetic acid aqueous solutions contain acetic acid and thus have a large disinfecting effect and a rapid rate of reduction in soil.
  • the reduced state will be equivalent.
  • the ethanol content in the aqueous ethanol solution means the ethanol content in the aqueous ethanol solution in the soil to be disinfected. It is preferable to supply a large amount of aqueous ethanol solution or aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid to dry soil so that ethanol can spread evenly in the soil (eg less than 20% by volume) .
  • the ethanol solution or ethanol / acetic acid solution supplied to the soil has a high ethanol content taking into account the moisture in the soil (eg 60% by volume in extreme cases) Ethanol An aqueous solution may be used.
  • the ethanol content is more preferably 0.1% by volume to 20% by volume so that ethanol can be evenly diffused in the soil.
  • Ethanol for preparing an ethanol aqueous solution or an ethanol / acetic acid aqueous solution may be either industrially synthesized ethanol or ethanol by a brewing method.
  • Absolute ethanol aka: absolute alcohol, 99.5 ethanol at 15 ° C) Volume containing 0/0 or more
  • ethanol aka. Alcohol, 15 ° ethanol 9 5 C containing 1-9 5 6% by volume
  • ethanol for disinfection aka. Rubbing alcohol, ethanol 1 5 ° C 76.9 to 81.4 including the capacity 0 / o).
  • Purification of ethanol may be a by-product ethanol to give et be distilled purification process of fermentation ethanol Is preferable in terms of cost.
  • By-product ethanol includes ethanol as an essential ingredient (about 80 to 90 volume 0 / o of total amount), water (about 10 to 5 volume 0 / o of total amount), methanol, 1 Lower alcohols such as _propanol, 2_propanol, 2_methyl_1_propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3_methyl_1-butanol, 1_pentanol Is further included in any combination, and further, alcohol fermentation-derived components such as acetate aldehyde, crotonaldehyde, acetone, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, and acetate are included in any combination. These components other than ethanol (10 to 5%
  • Acetic acid for producing an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid may be either industrially synthesized acetic acid or acetic acid by a brewing method, or vinegar. Since pure acetic acid is called glacial acetic acid and is crystalline at room temperature, an acetic acid aqueous solution (the content of acetic acid is, for example, 5 to 50% by volume) is preferred, and vinegar that is an acetic acid 5% aqueous solution is also preferred.
  • Water for diluting ethanol and acetic acid is not particularly limited as long as it is water suitable for the growth of plants and crops. Examples include agricultural water, well water, tap water, rainwater, river water, and lake water.
  • the soil reduction disinfectant used in the soil reduction disinfection method of the present invention, and the target soil of the soil reduction disinfectant of the present invention are plants, crops (fruit vegetables, leaf vegetables, root vegetables, vegetables, flowers, fruit trees, etc. If it is the soil for raising), it will not be specifically limited. Examples include soil in farmland, fields, greenhouses; soil used in flower beds, pots, planters, soil in greenhouses, etc .; soil for preparing culture soils. In terms of disinfection effect, plants, crops, etc. It is preferable to use soil or soil before sowing or planting rather than soil or soil where the plant is growing.
  • the depth of the soil varies depending on the type of crop to be cultivated and is usually 20 cm to 50 cm, and is not limited to an average force of 3 O cm.
  • the soil reduction disinfecting method of the present invention and the soil reduction disinfectant to be disinfected are seeds of soil pests or weeds, that is, sentinum in soil, phytopathogenic fungi, insect larvae, adult insects, plant viruses, weeds Seeds etc.
  • the soil pests in the present invention mean sentinu, phytopathogenic fungi, insect larvae, adult insects, and plant viruses.
  • Examples of the sentinel include Nekobu Sentiyu and Negusare Sentiyu. Any plant pathogen that can be transmitted using soil as a medium can be used.
  • bacterial strain Ralstoniasolanacear um
  • soft rot fungus Erwiniacarotovora
  • seedling Ail blight fungus P ythi um spp., 3 ⁇ 4 & bacteria ⁇ P hytophthoraspp., half: ⁇ circadian fungus (Vertici II iumdah I iae), vine harmful lj disease (F usariumoxysporum), sputum; peribacterium (F usariumoxyspor um) Al
  • the weeds in the seeds of weeds may be weeds grown in Japanese or foreign agricultural lands, gardens, home gardens, etc., and broad-leaved weeds such as A buti I ontheophrasti,, Ohyu, Ama ranthusretrof I exus), Sendangsa (B idenspilosa), Nroza (C henoposiuma I b um), Yaemkufu (Ga I iumaparine), Manore / Kasaagao (I pomoeapurpurea), etc.
  • the soil-reducing disinfectant used in the soil-reducing disinfecting method of the present invention and the soil-reducing disinfecting agent of the present invention contain an amount of the soil, in particular, a submerged state from the bottom of the soil to the ground surface. That is, contain more than the water capacity of the field.
  • the soil reductive disinfection method of the present invention uses an aqueous ethanol solution (but ethanol content is 0.1% by volume or more) or an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid (however, the ethanol content is 0.1). and a capacitance 0/0 above, acetic acid 0.1 ethanol It is characterized in that the soil is sterilized in a reduced state by holding water and ethanol or water, ethanol and acetic acid while suppressing evaporation of water. Since it is in a reduced state, it exhibits excellent control effects even at very low concentrations of ethanol.
  • the preferable lower limit and upper limit of the ethanol content in the aqueous ethanol solution or the aqueous ethanol and acetic acid solution in the soil reduction disinfection method are as described in paragraphs [002 2] and [0023].
  • aqueous ethanol solution but ethanol content is 0.1% by volume or more
  • an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid provided that the ethanol content is 0.1 volume 0 / o).
  • Acetic acid is 0.1 to 20 volume 0 / o of ethanol
  • weed seeds should not germinate.
  • the preferable lower limit and upper limit of the ethanol content in the aqueous ethanol solution or the aqueous ethanol and acetic acid solution in the soil reduction disinfection method are as described in paragraphs [002 2] and [0023].
  • the preferable amount of ethanol per 10 kg of soil is 10 to 20 Om I in terms of 95 volumes 0 / o ethanol, and the preferable amount of water per 10 kg of soil is 2000 to 7000 mI, more preferably 3000 to 500 OmI.
  • the preferable amount of water per 10 kg of soil is 2000 to 7000 mI, more preferably 3000 to 500 OmI.
  • it varies depending on the type of soil, water content, maximum water absorption, etc., so it is only a guideline.
  • the soil reduction disinfection method of the present invention when the soil is cropping, it is flooded from the bottom of the cropping to the ground surface, that is, kept for several days or more so as to contain more than the field capacity. By doing so, the soil can be brought into a reduced state.
  • the number of days to maintain the reduced state varies depending on the ethanol concentration, temperature, and soil temperature.
  • the retention days become shorter as the temperature and the ground temperature rise.
  • the holding temperature is 5 to 40 ° C
  • the required holding days are 20 to 3 days.
  • the water accumulated on the soil and the soil surface will become dark and become dull. Or hold while suppressing evaporation of water, ethanol and acetic acid.
  • aqueous ethanol solution and the aqueous ethanol and acetic acid solution used in this method are as described above.
  • the water capacity of the field is the maximum water content that can be retained in the soil, excluding gravity water, when "a large amount of rainfall or irrigation and the downward movement of water due to gravity becomes very small” Defined as “capacity of water”. In other words, the drainage is almost finished when 1 km or more has passed after sufficient rainfall or irrigation, and the soil moisture becomes constant if the surface evaporation is suppressed. This constant moisture is the field capacity.
  • ⁇ corresponds to the matrix potential due to the surface tension of water in the soil water and the adsorption force of the soil particles
  • the soil reduction disinfection method of the present invention if there is a dry portion where the aqueous solution of ethanol or ethanol and acetic acid does not spread in the soil, the portion is not disinfected, so the aqueous ethanol solution or ethanol and acetic acid
  • the soil is submerged from the bottom of the soil to the surface of the soil, that is, the amount of ethanol aqueous solution or ethanol / acetic acid aqueous solution in the soil is more than the amount of water required in the field. it can.
  • the decomposition reaction of ethanol or ethanol and acetic acid contained in the soil by microorganisms and the reduction of the soil are sufficiently performed.
  • the soil reduction disinfection method of the present invention when the soil is a soil, ethanol and water or ethanol, acetic acid and water evaporate as it is. It is preferable to cover the surface with a plastic film or sheet to suppress evaporation of ethanol and water or ethanol, acetic acid and water. Soil is flowerbed, pot
  • acetic acid and water When using a relatively small amount of soil for planters, etc., or a relatively small amount of soil for preparing culture soil, ethanol and water or ethanol, acetic acid and water will evaporate as they are. It is preferable to keep it sealed for several days. In the soil reduction disinfection method, it is preferable to hold the soil until the soil in the bag is in a reduced state. The reduced state can be seen by the soil becoming darker and stale. It can also be determined by measuring the redox potential of the soil.
  • a plastic film or sheet for suppressing evaporation of ethanol and water or ethanol, acetic acid and water, and a plastic film bag are made of a soil fumigant such as methyl bromide or chloropicrin.
  • a soil fumigant such as methyl bromide or chloropicrin.
  • Any plastic film or sheet or plastic film bag used to suppress evaporation may be used.
  • suitable plastics include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefins other than these, polyvinyl chloride, nylon, and laminates of these, but ethanol is also low in plastic film permeability for methyl bromide and chloropicrin. Inexpensive polyethylene with high environmental safety is preferred.
  • other sheets (rubber-coated cloth), bags (rubber-coated bags) and containers (plastic containers, metal containers) that do not allow the permeation of ethanol, acetic acid or water may be used.
  • the temperature and the ground temperature are low. If it is too high, the activity of microorganisms in the soil will be reduced, and the rate of reduction will be reduced in the soil reduction and disinfection method, and it will take a significant number of days. Therefore, the temperature and the ground temperature are at least 5 ° C, preferably 10 ° C or higher, and more preferably 15 ° C or higher.
  • ethanol is mixed in water using a liquid fertilizer mixer (however, the ethanol content is 0.1 vol% to 60 vol%, preferably 0.1 vol% to 20% by volume) or ethanol and acetic acid mixed in water (however, the ethanol content is 0.1% to 60% by volume, preferably 0.1% to 20% by volume)
  • the acetic acid content is 0.1 to 20% of ethanol
  • the soil wetting and disinfecting agent used in the soil wetting and disinfecting method of the present invention and the soil wetting and disinfecting agent of the present invention are ethanol aqueous solution (however, the ethanol content is 0.3% by volume or more) or ethanol and acetic acid.
  • aqueous solution of (although ethanol content is 0. 3 volumes 0/0 above, acetic acid 0.1 to 2 0 volume 0/0 ethanol) is in characterized in that it consists of.
  • the volume% which is a unit of an ethanol aqueous solution or the like is a value at an atmospheric temperature of 15 ° C.
  • the lower limit of the ethanol content in the aqueous ethanol solution is preferably 0.5% by volume, more preferably 1.5% by volume from the viewpoint of the disinfection effect.
  • the upper limit of the ethanol content in the aqueous ethanol solution or in the aqueous ethanol and acetic acid solution is not particularly limited. However, if the ethanol content is too high, the ethanol content is wasted, and in view of flammability and economy, the ethanol content or the ethanol content
  • the ethanol content in the acetic acid aqueous solution is preferably 60% by volume, more preferably 20% by volume, and even more preferably ⁇ 10% by volume.
  • the lower limit of the ethanol content is preferably 1.5% by volume, more preferably in terms of control effect. Is 1.6% by volume, more preferably 2.0% by volume.
  • Vegetable wilt fungus such as tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, urya cabotyas
  • the lower limit of the ethanol content is preferably 3.0% by volume in terms of control effect, although it depends on the type of plant pathogen.
  • the soil moistening disinfectant of the present invention also has a meaning of a weed germination inhibitor.
  • the lower limit of the ethanol content is preferably 0.3% by volume, more preferably 0.4% by volume in terms of control effect, More preferably, it is 0.8% by volume.
  • a preferable ethanol content in an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is the same as described above.
  • a soil moisturizing disinfectant consisting of an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid has a large disinfecting effect by containing acetic acid.
  • the ethanol content in the aqueous ethanol solution means the ethanol content in the aqueous ethanol solution in the soil to be disinfected. It is preferable to supply a large amount of aqueous ethanol solution or aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid to dry soil so that ethanol can spread evenly in the soil (eg less than 20% by volume) .
  • the ethanol solution or ethanol / acetic acid solution supplied to the soil has a high ethanol content taking into account the moisture in the soil (eg 60% by volume in extreme cases) Ethanol An aqueous solution may be used. However, the ethanol content is more preferably from 0.5% by volume to 20% by volume so that ethanol can diffuse evenly in the soil.
  • the ethanol used to make the ethanol aqueous solution or the ethanol and acetic acid aqueous solution is as described in the explanation of the soil reductive disinfection method and the soil reductive disinfectant.
  • Acetic acid for making an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid is as described in the explanation of the soil reductive disinfection method and the soil remedial disinfectant.
  • the target soil of the soil moistening / disinfecting method of the present invention and the soil moistening / disinfecting agent of the present invention is as described in the description of the soil reducing / disinfecting method and soil reducing / disinfecting agent.
  • the soil wetting and disinfecting method of the present invention and the object of disinfecting the soil wetting and disinfecting agent of the present invention are as described in the explanation of the soil reducing and disinfecting method.
  • the soil pest in the present invention means sentinu, phytopathogenic fungi, insect larvae, adult insects, and plant viruses.
  • the soil moistening disinfectant of the present invention may be contained so as to moisten the entire soil, or may be contained in an amount that moistens more than that, and may be submerged, that is, in the field. You may contain more than the amount of water.
  • the soil moistening / disinfecting method of the present invention comprises an aqueous ethanol solution (wherein ethanol content is 0.3% by volume or more) or an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid (however, the ethanol content is 0%).
  • aqueous ethanol solution wherein ethanol content is 0.3% by volume or more
  • aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid however, the ethanol content is 0%.
  • . 3 volume 0/0 or more, 0 acetate ethanol. 1-2 0 is volume%) and for the additional inclusion of moist state (including flooded state), water and ethanol or water and ethanol and acetic acid It is characterized by disinfecting the soil while holding down evaporation of the soil.
  • the preferable lower limit and upper limit of the ethanol content in the aqueous ethanol solution or the aqueous ethanol and acetic acid solution in the soil moistening / disinfecting method are as described in paragraphs [0 0 4 1] and [0 0 4 2].
  • soil especially aqueous ethanol (however, ethanol content is 0.3 Capacity 0/0 or more than that) the plow is or ethanol and an aqueous solution of acetic acid (where ethanol containing Yuryou 0s. 3 volume 0 / is 0 or more, acetic acid 0 ethanol. 1-2 0 volume 0/0 Ru der) the large amount of the additional inclusion, soil, especially getting rid of such Senchiyuu or phytopathogenic fungi in the wet state the plow .
  • seeds of weeds should not germinate.
  • the preferred lower and upper limits of the ethanol content in the aqueous solution of ethanol or the aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid in the soil moistening / disinfecting method are the paragraphs [0 0 4 1] and [0 0 4 2] As described above.
  • a preferable amount of ethanol per 10 kg of soil is 10 to 20 OmI in terms of 95 volume 0 / o ethanol, and soil is 10 kg.
  • the preferred amount of water per unit is 0 to 500 m I, more preferably 25 00-4000m I. Of course, it varies depending on the type of soil, water content, maximum water absorption, etc., so it is only a guideline.
  • the preferred amount of ethanol per soil 1 0 kg is 1 0 to 200 m I at 95 vol 0/0 ethanol conversion, the preferred amount of water per 0 kg soil, It is 2 000 to 7000 ml, more preferably 3000 to 5000 ml. Of course, it varies depending on the type of soil, water content, maximum water absorption, etc., so it is only a guide.
  • the soil moistening / disinfecting method of the present invention when the soil is soil, the entire soil is kept moist for several days or from the bottom of the soil to the ground surface.
  • the soil can be sterilized by keeping it in a water state, that is, holding it in a moist state for several days or more so as to contain more than the field capacity.
  • the number of days for disinfection varies depending on the ethanol concentration, temperature, and soil temperature.
  • the retention days become shorter as the temperature and the ground temperature rise.
  • the holding temperature is 5 to 40 ° C, the required holding time is 20 to 3 days.
  • the aqueous ethanol solution and the aqueous ethanol and acetic acid solution used in this method are as described above.
  • the amount of water required in the field is the same as that described in the explanation of the soil reduction and disinfection method.
  • the soil moistening / disinfecting method of the present invention if there is a dry portion where the aqueous ethanol solution or ethanol / acetic acid aqueous solution does not spread in the soil, the portion is not disinfected, so the entire soil is treated with the aqueous ethanol solution or ethanol. And wet with an aqueous solution of acetic acid.
  • the soil is soil, wet from the bottom of the soil to the surface.
  • the soil contains a sufficient aqueous ethanol solution or ethanol and acetic acid solution, the decomposition reaction of ethanol or ethanol and acetic acid contained in the soil by microorganisms is sufficiently performed.
  • the soil moistening and disinfecting method of the present invention when the soil is soil, ethanol and water or ethanol, acetic acid and water evaporate as it is. It is preferable to coat the surface with a plastic film or sheet to suppress evaporation of ethanol and water or ethanol, acetic acid and water. If the soil is a relatively small amount of soil used in flower beds, pots, planters, etc., or a relatively small amount of soil for preparing culture soil, ethanol and water or ethanol, acetic acid and water will evaporate as they are. It is preferable to seal it in a plastic film bag and keep it for several days.
  • the plastic film or sheet for suppressing evaporation of ethanol and water or ethanol and acetic acid and water, and the plastic film bag are as described in the explanation of the soil reducing and disinfecting method. It is.
  • the temperature and the soil temperature are not increased. If it is too low, the activity of microorganisms in the soil is reduced. Therefore, the air temperature and the ground temperature are at least 5 ° C, preferably 10 ° C or higher, and more preferably 15 ° C or higher. Furthermore, when the soil temperature is extremely high, the upper limit temperature is around 50 ° C because centiples and phytopathogenic fungi are killed by the high fever.
  • ethanol is mixed into water using a liquid fertilizer mixer (however, the ethanol content is 0.3 volume% to 60 volume%, preferably 0.3 volume% to 20% by volume) or ethanol and acetic acid mixed in water
  • the soil can be efficiently moistened with an aqueous ethanol solution or an aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid.
  • Examples of the soil disinfectant port injection system of the present invention include the types shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the types shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, and the types shown in FIG. Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 soil disinfectant port
  • the pouring system is a type of soil disinfectant pouring system without a bypass pipe, with one end connected to a water supply source (not shown) and the other end connected to a water supply pipe 1 connected to the inlet of the water pouring tube 7
  • a liquid fertilizer mixer 2 an ethanol aqueous solution storage tank 5 or an ethanol aqueous solution storage tank 5 and an acetic acid aqueous solution storage tank 6, and a multi-branched irrigation tube 7.
  • the water supply pipe 1 that connects the inlet of the tank 7 is arranged in the middle of the water supply pipe 1, the ethanol aqueous solution or ethanol aqueous solution storage tank 5 in the ethanol aqueous solution storage tank 5 and the aqueous acetic acid solution storage tank 6 and the aqueous ethanol solution and acetic acid aqueous solution 6 in the water supply pipe. It is characterized by being mixed with water flowing in 1 at a constant ratio. 3 is a filter 1, 4 is a flow rate adjusting valve, and 7 a is an irrigation tube branch.
  • the solid arrows in the figure indicate the direction of water supply flow, and the wavy arrows indicate the direction in which the aqueous ethanol solution or acetic acid solution flows.
  • the ethanol content of the aqueous ethanol solution in the storage tank is larger than the intended ethanol content of the aqueous ethanol solution in the soil, and is preferably 20% by volume or more and 60% by volume or less.
  • acetic acid in the storage tank preferably 5% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less.
  • Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 the water that has flowed through the water supply pipe 1 from a water supply source not shown in the figure is removed from the earth and sand by the filter 3, and the ethanol storage tank 5 or ethanol aqueous solution storage by the liquid fertilizer mixer 2 Ethanol aqueous solution 5a or ethanol aqueous solution 5a in tank 5 and acetic acid aqueous solution storage tank 6 are mixed with water in water supply pipe 1 at a preset mixing ratio (constant ratio).
  • the mixing ratio (constant ratio) is the same as the concentration (dilution ratio) described in paragraphs [0022] to [0024] and paragraphs [00 4 1] to [0043] of ethanol aqueous solution or ethanol and acetic acid.
  • the soil reduction disinfectant and the soil moistening disinfectant described in Paragraph Nos. [0022] to [0024] and Paragraph Nos. [004 1] to [0043] are prepared.
  • the liquid fertilizer mixer 2 is preferably a proportional formula.
  • the flow rate to the soil is adjusted by the flow control valve 4.
  • the water is discharged as shown by the arrows from a plurality of holes in the irrigation tube branch 7a.
  • ethanol aqueous solution and acetic acid aqueous solution They are mixed at a predetermined mixing ratio, and may be mixed into water in the water supply pipe 1 from one storage tank.
  • the soil disinfectant pouring system shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is a type of soil disinfectant port pouring system with a bypass pipe, and one end is connected to a water supply source, although not shown.
  • a water supply pipe 1 whose end is connected to the inlet of the irrigation tube 7, a flow resistance device 8 (example of a ball valve structure or an orifice structure) provided in the middle of the water supply pipe 1, and the flow resistance device 8
  • Water supply piping to be connected 1 An ethanol aqueous solution in ethanol aqueous solution storage tank 6 or an ethanol aqueous solution storage tank 5 and an acetic acid storage tank 6 and an ethanol aqueous solution and an acetic acid aqueous solution in water supply pipe 1 are mixed at a fixed ratio. It is characterized by being.
  • 3 is a filter
  • 4 is a flow rate adjusting valve
  • 7 a is a flooding tube branch
  • solid arrows in the figure indicate the flow direction of water supply
  • wavy arrows indicate the direction in which ethanol or acetic acid flows. .
  • the ethanol content of the ethanol aqueous solution in the storage tank is larger than the intended ethanol content of the ethanol aqueous solution in the soil, and is preferably 20% by volume or more and 60% by volume or less.
  • acetic acid in the storage tank preferably 5% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less.
  • the mixing ratio is the same as the concentration (dilution ratio) of ethanol water solution or ethanol / acetic acid aqueous solution described in paragraphs [0022] to [002 4] and paragraphs [004 1] to [0043].
  • the soil reduction disinfectant and soil moistening disinfectant are prepared.
  • the liquid manure mixer 2 is preferably a proportional formula. In this case, since the ratio between the flow rate flowing through the flow resistance device 8 and the flow rate flowing through the bypass pipe 9 is constant according to the flow resistance in these flow paths, it is mixed in the bypass pipe 9. Ethanol aqueous solution 5a or ethanol aqueous solution 5a and acetic acid aqueous solution
  • the mixing ratio with respect to the total flow rate through the 6a pipe is also constant.
  • the flow rate to the soil is adjusted by the flow control valve 4.
  • the ethanol aqueous solution and the acetic acid aqueous solution may be mixed in advance at a predetermined mixing ratio, and may be mixed into the water in the pipe from one storage tank.
  • the shut-off valve 10 it is possible to flood only with water.
  • the soil disinfectant injection system shown in Fig. 5 has a flow rate value obtained by the flow meter 1 1 connected to the control microcomputer 1 2 a power feed pipe 1 in the control panel 1 2. And a predetermined aqueous ethanol solution or a predetermined concentration (dilution ratio) of an aqueous ethanol and acetic acid solution.
  • the mixing ratio is such that the aqueous solution of ethanol or the aqueous solution of ethanol and acetic acid has a predetermined concentration (dilution ratio) described in paragraph numbers [0022] to [0024] and step numbers [004 1] to [0043].
  • the soil moistening disinfectant and soil reducing disinfectant described in paragraph numbers [0022] to [0024] and paragraph numbers [00 4 1] to [0043] are prepared.
  • the dotted line in the figure represents the signal.
  • the flow rate to the soil is adjusted by a flow control valve 4 (which may be a solenoid valve). It is discharged into the soil as shown by the arrows from a plurality of holes in the flooded tube branch 7a.
  • ethanol and acetic acid were mixed in advance at a predetermined mixing ratio described in paragraph numbers [002 2] to [0024] and paragraph numbers [004 1] to [0043], and paragraph numbers [002 2] to [0024]
  • the shut-off valve 10 water can be irrigated only.
  • the ethanol content of the aqueous ethanol solution in the storage tank is larger than the intended ethanol content of the aqueous ethanol solution in the soil, and is preferably 20% by volume or more and 60% by volume or less.
  • acetic acid in the storage tank preferably 5% by volume or more and 50% by volume or less.
  • the water supply source of the water supply pipe only needs to have water pressure, and is preferably an agricultural water supply. However, water may be pulled from a well, a water storage tank, or the like with a pump. Examples of water supply pipes and flooded tubes include plastic pipes, rubber pipes, and hoses.
  • the disinfectant is discharged from the water tube branch 7a as shown by the arrow.
  • the soil 14 to which the soil disinfectant is injected is covered with the film 1 3 as shown in Fig. 6 to evaporate ethanol and water or ethanol and acetic acid and water. Can be suppressed.
  • the soil to which the disinfectant is poured 14 may have a flooded tube fixed to the soil at all times, but if it is not always fixed, the soil disinfectant port injection system is first used in terms of work efficiency. It is preferred that the soil be ported with a disinfectant and that the irrigation tube be removed from the soil surface before covering the soil with film 13.
  • the film 13 is preferably fixed by filling the edge of the film 13 with soil 14 and pressing it.
  • the water content of the soil is measured in advance, and after the ethanol aqueous solution or ethanol / acetic acid aqueous solution, the ethanol aqueous solution or the ethanol / acetic acid aqueous solution in the soil contains a predetermined amount of ethanol. Or a predetermined amount It is preferable to set the concentration of ethanol or ethanol and acetic acid so as to contain ethanol and acetic acid.
  • Nekobu Sentiyu contaminated soil water content 5% by weight 10 kg polyethylene bag (hereinafter plastic bag) (Nihon Sanipack Co., Ltd., 4 5 L for commercial use, product ⁇ ⁇ : ⁇ -43 Yoko 650 countries X Packed in length 800 countries x thickness 0.030 countries, used in duplicate), the chemicals shown in Table 1 and a predetermined amount of water were placed in the soil in a plastic bag and mixed, and the plastic bag was sealed. Ethanol was diluted with water and placed in the soil. Test areas ⁇ ⁇ -2 to ⁇ -5 correspond to the soil reduction disinfection method, and test regions ⁇ -1 to ⁇ -3 correspond to the soil moistening disinfection method.
  • Ethanol concentration is the ethanol concentration of an aqueous ethanol solution containing water in the soil.
  • Root Hump Index Average value of root nodules in the test area ⁇ 4 100
  • Control value degree of hump in the test area degree of hump in the untreated area X 1 0 0
  • the density of root-knot nematode in the test areas A-2 to A-5 was 0.0 raw soil 20 g to 1.7 heads of raw soil 20 g. Is from 8 2 points to 100 points. It was found that ethanol injection significantly reduced nematode density.
  • test plots B-1 to B-3 the density of the nematodes was reduced compared to test plot G, which was not treated. It was found that the nematode density was significantly reduced by injecting water with a certain amount of water to wet the soil and a fixed amount of ethanol into the soil.
  • Example 1_8 to Example 1_14 [Comparative Example 1_8 to Comparative Example 1_1 3] Wet state, reduction when soil contains ethanol aqueous solution, water, bran or chloropicrin We observed changes in the state and oxidation-reduction potential, and further examined the control effect against bacterial wilt fungus and cucumber vine split fungus.
  • Bacterial wilt fungus About 10 9 CFU of cultured bacterial solution was adsorbed on parlay cocoons, and 1 cup of teaspoon was packed in a 95 ⁇ x 70 ⁇ ⁇ non-woven bag (tea pack: polypropylene, polyester, rayon).
  • Cucumber vine split fungus cultured with 1-2 cm straw for 2 months, and about 10 straws were packed in a tea-pack non-woven bag (tea pack: polypropylene, polyester, rayon).
  • the soil is 2 kg of field soil (sand loam) (water content 15% by weight). 2 kg of this soil (water content: 15% by weight) is packed in a plastic bag, and in the soil, a non-woven bag filled with parrite adsorbed with the above-mentioned bacterial wilt fungus, and A non-woven bag filled with adsorbed cocoon was embedded to create soil contaminated with bacterial wilt fungus and cucumber vine split fungus. Then, the chemical shown in Table 4 and a predetermined amount of water were mixed in the soil in the plastic bag, and the plastic bag was sealed. Ethanol was diluted with water and placed in the soil. Test areas 1 to 4 correspond to the soil reduction disinfection method, and test areas 5 to 7 correspond to the soil moistening disinfection method. 4
  • Ethanol concentration is the ethanol concentration of an aqueous ethanol solution containing water in the soil.
  • the redox potential of the soil was measured by separately preparing soils in the test sections 1 to 4 and 9 and filling them in a vinyl bag, and inserting an electrode into the soil of each plastic bag. During the test, the electrode was kept on the face and the mouth of the plastic bag was closed.
  • the pathogenic bacteria were taken out from each non-woven bag, and bacterial density of bacterial wilt bacteria was examined by a dilution plate method using a selective medium.
  • bacterial density of bacterial wilt bacteria was examined by a dilution plate method using a selective medium.
  • straw was placed on a selective medium and the presence or absence of the fungus was examined.
  • the oxidation-reduction potential was measured with the electrode inserted in the vinyl bag.
  • Fig. 7 shows the redox potential of the soil in the test sections 1 to 4 and 9.
  • the oxidation-reduction potential gradually decreased in the water treatment section of Test Zone 9, but in Test Zones 1 to 4, it similarly decreased rapidly in all test zones. There was no difference due to ethanol concentration.
  • Table 6 shows the survey results of bacterial wilt density.
  • the density of bacterial wilt fungus in the untreated group of test group 1 3 was 1.77X10 5 CFU / ml, compared to 5.00X 10 3 CFU / g in test group 1, 0.00-1.67 X in test groups 2-4 10 2 CFU / g and low bacterial density. It was found that the soil density of the bacterial wilt pathogen was significantly reduced by soil injection and soil reduction with more water than the required amount of water and a certain amount of ethanol. In test plots 5-7, the bacterial density is lower than 2.96x10 3 -2.44X 10 4 CFU / ml, compared to 1.77 x 10 5 CFU / ml in untreated section of test plot 13. It has been found that the soil inoculation with water with a certain amount of water to wet the soil and a certain amount of ethanol reduces the bacterial density of bacterial wilt.
  • Table 7 shows the results of a survey on the presence or absence of growth of cucumber vine split disease.
  • Example 1 _ 1 5 to Example 1 _ 1 8 [Comparative Example 1 _ 1 4 to Comparative Example 1 _ 1 7] Ethanol aqueous solution, water, bran or soil (D — We investigated the control effect of Satsumaemone nematode in the presence of a mixture of D and chloropicrin (chlorpicrin 40.0%, 1,3-dichloropropene (DD) 52.0%)).
  • Test areas 1 to 4 correspond to the soil reduction and disinfection method.
  • Table 9 shows the root nodule growth rate, root nodule growth, and control value.
  • Control value Degree of hump in treated area Degree of hump in untreated area X 1 0 0
  • Example 1 _ 1 9 to Example 1 _ 2 2 [Comparative Example 1 _ 1 8 to Comparative Example 1 _ 2 1] Ethanol aqueous solution, water, bran or soil (DD) And chlorpicrin mixture (chlorpicrin 40.0%, 1,3-dichloropropene (DD) 52.0%)) were examined for the control effect of spinach wilt fungus.
  • chlorpicrin 40.0%, 1,3-dichloropropene (DD) 52.0%) were examined for the control effect of spinach wilt fungus.
  • spinach wilt fungus for embedding in soil was prepared as follows.
  • the soil in the greenhouse (water content 16.4% by weight) is sanitized, and after confirming that the pathogen has disappeared, it is made of a non-woven fabric filled with straw that has adsorbed the spinach wilt fungus prepared above.
  • the pad was buried in the soil, and the soil was contaminated with spinach wilt fungus.
  • Test areas 1 to 4 correspond to the soil reduction disinfection method.
  • Table 11 shows the wilting strain rate, root browning rate, detection rate, and control value. Each numerical value was calculated as follows. With wilt disease pathogenic strain Or withered.
  • Dwarf strain rate Number of strains causing wilt disease Number of strains surveyed X 1 00 (Number of strains surveyed: 1 00 X 2)
  • Root browning rate Number of strains with root browning observed Number of strains surveyed X 1 00 (Number of strains surveyed: 30 X 2
  • Detection rate Number of detected strains Number of surveyed strains X 1 00 (Number of surveyed strains: 30 X 2)
  • Control value (1 Browning rate of one test zone Browning rate of test zone 8) X 1 00
  • Test areas 2 and 3 correspond to the soil reduction and disinfection method.
  • the oxidation-reduction potential and oxygen concentration of the soil in each test area were measured at 30-minute intervals for one week in a thermostatic chamber at 25 ° C.
  • the soil redox potential was measured using an Orion 617900 pHutureTM M QuatrodeTM pH composite electrode (pH / ORP / Temp), and the oxygen concentration was measured using an oxygen concentration meter (FOXY Fiber Optic Oxygen Sensors (OptoSer i us), F0XY- T1000-RT D).
  • the germination rate of the seeds in the soil filled with ethanol solution in Test Zone 2 and Test Zone 3 is significantly lower than the germination rate in the test zone where the chemicals are water, bran and molasses. It could be confirmed.
  • Figure 8 shows the redox potential and oxygen concentration of the soil in each test zone.
  • Test Zone 1 it is not in a reduced state, and in Test Zone 2 and Test Zone 3, the test state has suddenly shifted to a reduced state.
  • the oxygen concentration in the test group 1 slowly decreased in the test group 1, but in the test group 2 and the test group 3, the oxygen concentration rapidly decreased from the start of the test.
  • FIG. 9 50m stoppered Erlenmeyer flask air dry soil I (NIAES field of black Pok soil, moisture content 27.4 wt 0/0) were placed 25 g, was added ethanol aqueous solution shown in FIG. 9 Sealed and kept in a thermostatic chamber set at 25 ° C. One week later, the color and odor of the soil were observed, the germination state of the lettuce seeds was observed, and the germination rate is shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 9, lettuce germination was suppressed at dilute ethanol concentrations. The germination rate of lettuce decreased as the ethanol concentration increased and the amount added increased. In particular, when the ethanol concentration was 0.8 vol%, 1.6 vol%, and 3.2 vol%, the germination rate was 0%.
  • Lettuce seeds are known to have the same germinability as weeds, and it is clear from these facts that adding a dilute aqueous ethanol solution to the soil and holding it for 1 week can provide weed germination suppression effects. did. This test corresponds to the soil moistening and disinfecting method.
  • a planter 60 cmX l 5 cmX l 0 cm is filled with 10 L (1 1.7 k) of soil where the root-knots are growing (soil moisture is 1 1.1 wt%), and a predetermined amount of ethanol is injected. Sealed with a white plastic bag.
  • the root-knot senti density was investigated by Beerman method for 10 days at room temperature of 1-8-25 ° C.
  • the ALC in Table 14 is ethanol, and the centanol density was compared by injecting the ethanol treated in stages. Moreover, all were performed by six planters, and the centimeter density was obtained.
  • ethanol is diluted with soil-containing water to form an ethanol aqueous solution with the concentrations shown in Table 14. The examples in this test correspond to the soil moistening / disinfecting method.
  • Table 1 is a 4 as soil 1 0L per ethanol 1 0 Om I (ethanol 7.1 5 Capacity 0/0) or more Nekobusenchiyuu of Senchiyuu density 0 animals raw soil 20 g, Ethanol 5 Om l ( In ethanol 3.7 (1 volume 0 / o), the average of 4 heads of soil was 20 g. Therefore, the effect of significantly reducing the centrifugal density by soil injection with a certain amount of ethanol aqueous solution was found.
  • the weed germination inhibition test was conducted as follows.
  • Soil was placed in a plastic bag (soil type is loam, water content is 1.8% by weight). 1 O kg was added, sealed with a predetermined amount of chemicals such as ethanol, and placed at 25 ° C for 7 days. After the treatment, the entire amount of soil was returned to the planter, watered and left as it was, and the growth of weeds was observed. The test was conducted in the house (room temperature is 20 ° C or higher) due to low seasonal outdoor temperatures. The test zones are shown in Table 15 and conducted in 1 zone and 3 iterations. After about 70 cm, the weed coverage of the growing weeds was measured, then each weed was cut one by one above the soil surface and the number and weight were measured. The treatment date was February 20, 2006, and the test result measurement date was March 1, 1995. The test results are shown in FIGS. The examples in this test correspond to the soil moistening / disinfecting method. 15
  • weed germination suppression effect can be obtained by injecting all of ethanol, by-product alcohol, and a mixture of ethanol and acetic acid into the soil and keeping them sealed for a certain period of time.
  • the bactericidal test of ethanol against cucumber vine split fungus was conducted as follows.
  • the bactericidal test of ethanol and acetic acid against tomato bacterial wilt was performed as follows.
  • the test consists of a test for observing changes in bactericidal power due to ethanol concentration (Test A), a test for observing changes in bactericidal power due to acetic acid concentration (Test B), a test for observing the bactericidal effect when ethanol and acetic acid are combined (Table 16) o
  • the test procedure is as follows. First, 10 ml of Nutrient broth (D if GO) was added to 1 platinum ear transplant of the test strain (Ralstonia solanacearum Kochi tomato 3-2). And cultured with shaking at 25 ° C. Ethanol (99.5% by volume; Wako Pure Chemical Reagent special grade) or acetic acid (99.7% by volume; Wako Pure Chemical Reagent special grade) is added to the prescribed concentration in sterile distilled water.
  • the bactericidal activity test of ethanol and acetic acid against the cucumber vine split fungus was performed as follows.
  • test strain (Fusi um oxysporum f. Sp. Cucumer i urn MAFF 74404) was cultured at 25 ° C for 2 months in PDA medium. Directly to this, surface activity Add physiological saline (SDS 0.01%, NaC I 0.85%), scrape the surface of the medium with a platinum loop, and pipette to suspend mold spores. For this, the spore was dispersed by further vigorous stirring, filtered through sterilized gauze to remove mycelia, etc., then washed with sterilized physiological saline and adjusted to a spore concentration of about 10 6 CFU / mL.
  • physiological saline SDS 0.01%, NaC I 0.85%
  • Ethanol 20% by volume and acetic acid 0.1 to 0.2% by volume alone have almost no bactericidal effect after 4 hours, but ethanol 20% by volume and acetic acid 0.1% by volume are detected within 10 minutes. Sterilized to below limit.
  • the acetic acid concentration was increased to 0.2% by volume under the same conditions, the bactericidal activity was further improved. Therefore, it was found that, like the bacterial wilt fungus, the sterilizing power can be expected to be improved with the combined use of ethanol and acetic acid.
  • Figure 18 shows the results using an ethanol aqueous solution with an ethanol concentration of 0.2 vol%
  • Figure 19 shows an ethanol concentration of 2.0 vol%
  • Figure 20 shows an ethanol concentration of 20.0 vol%. As shown in Fig. 8 to Fig. 20, it was confirmed that acetic acid was generated in the soil.
  • PE + Polyethylene (talc talc: hydrous magnesium silicate (3MgO'4S i
  • PET Polyethylene phthalate
  • FEP Tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer
  • the gas permeation rate is measured using a permeation cell that has a structure in which the test filter is fixed between the upper and lower two measurement cells.
  • the measurement is complicated, and the fumigant gas is condensed in the measurement device. Have difficulty.
  • the fumigant gas reached the saturated vapor pressure inside the container, and the upper part is open, so a sufficiently low gas concentration is maintained compared to the inside of the container, and a sufficient concentration gradient is maintained during the measurement. It is close to the actual usage scene. Also, by not using the 0-ring, the loss of fumigant gas due to PTFE and Baton, etc., which was the cause of overestimation when measuring barrier films, was avoided.
  • the coefficient of variation in each measurement was 9 _ 15%, and good results were obtained.
  • the minimum measurable permeation rate is 0.09 g / m 2 / hr depending on the performance of the balance used, and can be proposed as a simple measurement method.
  • the conventional polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride films have extremely low fumigant gas retention function, so it is necessary to introduce barrier films.
  • the plastic film permeation rate of ethanol is 1.0 for each of polyethylene film and vinyl chloride film compared to other fumigants. ⁇ 12 g / m 2 / hr / 50 m 4. 8-17 g / m 2 / hr / 50 m, which is less than 1/70 that of other fumigant gases. This indicates that a conventional agricultural film has sufficient gas retention without using a barrier film and can prevent leakage into the environment.
  • the soil reduction disinfecting method and the soil reducing disinfectant of the present invention are useful as methods and agents for controlling soil pests and weed germination that cause damage to crops.
  • it is composed of environmentally friendly ingredients as an alternative to the methyl bromide (soil fumigant) that causes ozone depletion, and because it is safe to handle, it has an impact on workers, the human body and the surrounding environment.
  • no harmful components remain in the crops harvested in the soil after disinfection, and the soil disinfection effect is extremely high, making it useful as a soil disinfection method and soil disinfectant.
  • the soil moistening / disinfecting method and soil moistening / disinfecting agent of the present invention are useful as methods and agents for controlling soil pests and controlling weed germination that cause damage to crops.
  • it is composed of environmentally friendly ingredients as an alternative to the methyl bromide (soil fumigant) that causes ozone depletion, and it is safe to handle so it does not affect workers, the human body, and the surrounding environment.
  • no harmful components remain in the crops harvested in the soil after disinfection, and the soil disinfection effect is very high, so it is useful as a soil disinfection method and soil disinfectant.
  • the soil disinfectant port injection system of the present invention is useful for quickly pouring the soil-reducing disinfectant and the soil wet disinfectant from the lower layer of the soil to the ground surface without requiring manual labor in the field gardening facility. It is.

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  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Ce procédé de désinfection réductive du sol consiste en l'incorporation d'une solution aqueuse diluée d'éthanol dans le sol afin d'obtenir un sol mouillé et en la maintenance du sol en un état intact tout en inhibant l'évaporation d'eau et d'éthanol afin de désinfecter le sol ; un désinfectant réducteur pour sol est constitué d'une solution aqueuse diluée d'éthanol ; un procédé pour la désinfection humide du sol consiste à incorporer dans le sol une solution aqueuse diluée d'éthanol afin de mouiller le sol et à garder le sol mouillé en l'état intact tout en inhibant l'évaporation d'eau et d'éthanol pour désinfecter le sol. Un désinfectant mouillé pour sol est constitué d'une solution aqueuse d'éthanol. Le système pour imbiber le sol avec un désinfectant est fourni avec un tuyau d'alimentation en eau ; une extrémité du tuyau est connectée à la réserve d'eau tandis que l'autre extrémité est reliée à l'orifice d'un tuyau d'arrosage, à un distributeur de crottin liquide, à un réservoir de stockage de solution aqueuse d'éthanol, et un tuyau d'arrosage disposant de plusieurs branches. Il s'agit aussi d'un procédé de désinfection réductive du sol, d'un désinfectant réducteur du sol, d'un procédé de désinfection humide du sol, d'un désinfectant mouillé pour sol et d'un procédé pour imbiber le sol avec un désinfectant qui, comme décrits ci-dessus, utilisent simultanément de l'acide acétique.
PCT/JP2007/000472 2006-04-28 2007-04-27 Procédés de désinfection réductive du sol, désinfectants réducteurs pour le sol, procédés de désinfection humide du sol, désinfectants mouillés pour le sol et systèmes pour imbiber le sol de désinfectants WO2007129467A1 (fr)

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JP2008514389A JP4436426B2 (ja) 2006-04-28 2007-04-27 土壌還元消毒方法、土壌還元消毒剤、土壌湿潤化消毒方法、土壌湿潤化消毒剤および土壌消毒剤潅注システム

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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JP2009249364A (ja) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-29 Kumiai Chem Ind Co Ltd イネ用土壌病害防除剤
JP2012006900A (ja) * 2010-06-28 2012-01-12 Kiyoo Kumazawa 化学薬品に因らないモンパ病、根頭癌腫等樹木の病気の治療方法
WO2012022046A1 (fr) * 2010-08-20 2012-02-23 Rhodia (China) Co., Ltd. Additifs pour les sols destinés à empêcher l'évaporation de l'eau et procédés d'utilisation associés
WO2019188839A1 (fr) 2018-03-27 2019-10-03 積水化学工業株式会社 Procédé pour la production d'éthanol et composition d'éthanol
JP2020083792A (ja) * 2018-11-20 2020-06-04 株式会社グローバルサービス 土壌消毒液の製造方法

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JP4436426B2 (ja) * 2006-04-28 2010-03-24 日本アルコール産業株式会社 土壌還元消毒方法、土壌還元消毒剤、土壌湿潤化消毒方法、土壌湿潤化消毒剤および土壌消毒剤潅注システム
EP2798955A4 (fr) 2011-12-28 2014-11-26 Ube Mat Ind Ltd Agent de lutte contre la maladie des plantes et procédé de lutte contre la maladie des plantes l'utilisant

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JP2000107743A (ja) * 1998-10-06 2000-04-18 Kurita Water Ind Ltd 土壌及び／又は地下水中の有機塩素化合物の分解方法

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JP4436426B2 (ja) * 2006-04-28 2010-03-24 日本アルコール産業株式会社 土壌還元消毒方法、土壌還元消毒剤、土壌湿潤化消毒方法、土壌湿潤化消毒剤および土壌消毒剤潅注システム

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WO1998034740A1 (fr) * 1997-02-07 1998-08-13 Ebara Corporation Procede de purification de substances polluees par des composes organohalogenes
JP2000107743A (ja) * 1998-10-06 2000-04-18 Kurita Water Ind Ltd 土壌及び／又は地下水中の有機塩素化合物の分解方法

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2009249364A (ja) * 2008-04-10 2009-10-29 Kumiai Chem Ind Co Ltd イネ用土壌病害防除剤
JP2012006900A (ja) * 2010-06-28 2012-01-12 Kiyoo Kumazawa 化学薬品に因らないモンパ病、根頭癌腫等樹木の病気の治療方法
WO2012022046A1 (fr) * 2010-08-20 2012-02-23 Rhodia (China) Co., Ltd. Additifs pour les sols destinés à empêcher l'évaporation de l'eau et procédés d'utilisation associés
WO2019188839A1 (fr) 2018-03-27 2019-10-03 積水化学工業株式会社 Procédé pour la production d'éthanol et composition d'éthanol
CN111902542A (zh) * 2018-03-27 2020-11-06 积水化学工业株式会社 乙醇的制造方法和乙醇组合物
EP3778909A4 (fr) * 2018-03-27 2022-04-20 Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Procédé pour la production d'éthanol et composition d'éthanol
JP2020083792A (ja) * 2018-11-20 2020-06-04 株式会社グローバルサービス 土壌消毒液の製造方法

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