WO2007124621A1

WO2007124621A1 - An apparatus converting wind force into mechanical energy with controllable blade and the application for the same

Info

Publication number: WO2007124621A1
Application number: PCT/CN2006/000876
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yun Li; Lock Kee Rocky Poon; Tairong Xu; Erli Zheng
Original assignee: Yun Li; Lock Kee Rocky Poon; Tairong Xu; Erli Zheng
Priority date: 2006-04-29
Filing date: 2006-04-29
Publication date: 2007-11-08

Abstract

An apparatus converting wind force into mechanical energy and the application for the same are disclosed. The apparatus converting wind force into mechanical energy includes at least a controllable flat or curved blade (L1 to L8), the area of which is adjustable, and the blade can rotate around a common shaft (C), and is controllable to adjust its direction. Advantageously, said blade is a airfoil-shaped blade and consists of a plurality of components, one of which is a shaft, the axis of which is parallel to the shaft(C).

Description

Converted from wind to controllable blades

Mechanical energy equipment and its application

The present invention relates to an apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy with controllable blades and its use in a wind power generation system.

Background technique

Wind power generation systems are usually mainly composed of windmills and generators. The windmills of most of the world's wind power generation systems use horizontal-axis propeller blades, which are driven by wind-driven windmills to generate electricity. There are serious technical defects in the horizontal axis propeller blades themselves, as listed below:

The density of wind is about 1/625 of that of water, so if you want to build a high-power wind power system, the length of the windmill blades will be very long. These blades are similar to the cantilever structure in engineering, where the weight of the blades themselves The centrifugal force, the resistance, the impact force generated during the rotation are concentrated to the root of the blade by the leverage, and the root is subjected to a huge stress, which limits the installed capacity of the wind turbine. At present, most of the installed capacity of the wind turbine in the world. No more than 2 megawatts, and this also requires the manufacture of high performance materials. At the same time, these traditional wind power generation systems also bring bearing problems, because such high-load windmills not only require special materials and processing technology bearings, but also require special lubricating grease. The current wind turbine failure rate is very high, investment, The cost of repair and maintenance is also very high. At present, the cost of wind power generation is still not lower than the cost of bee carbon power generation.

In addition, windmills that use horizontal-axis propeller blades are still difficult or impossible to start at low wind speeds. These windmills usually need to start at least 3 meters per second, and in high winds, horizontal blades cannot be used. Greatly unloading the huge energy of the wind and easily damaging and causing accidents. In addition, because the wind direction changes frequently, the horizontal axis propeller blade windmill must be windy to best work. When the wind direction suddenly changes, it is difficult or impossible to adjust the position in time, which may cause work discontinuity and interruption. Another disadvantage of windmills using horizontal-axis propeller blades is their high tower design, which makes maintenance very difficult, maintenance costs very high and hurricane resistant. Wherever the hurricane in Europe went, the blades of most wind turbines suffered varying degrees of damage and fracture and caused serious economic losses and safety problems. Such a huge rotating windmill blade poses a great safety hazard. For example, the blade of the wind power generation system has repeatedly broken and flew out, causing ground damage and property damage.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to propose a device for converting wind to mechanical energy with a controllable planar or curved shape, in particular a curved blade having a cross-sectional shape of a wing shape, which is low in cost, simple in structure, and high in structure. Safety, overcoming the drawbacks of horizontal-axis propeller windmills.

The invention therefore proposes an apparatus for converting wind power into mechanical energy, the apparatus for converting wind energy into mechanical energy comprising at least one controllable planar or curved blade, the area of the blade itself being substantially adjustable, said blade The wheels can be rotated about a common central axis and the blades can also be controlled to adjust the orientation separately. This can absorb and utilize wind energy more effectively.

Advantageously, the blade is a wing-shaped blade which is constructed in multiple pieces, one of which is a shaft whose axis is substantially parallel to the central axis. The cross section of the blade is designed as a wing which is subjected to two forces in the air flow of the wind, which is advantageous for optimum efficiency. Advantageously, the vanes are evenly arranged in a plane perpendicular to the central axis along the circumferential direction of the central axis such that the wind energy received by the apparatus converted from wind to mechanical energy as a whole is balanced and stable.

The blade can adjust the area of the blade itself during operation of the device that is converted to mechanical energy by electromechanical, mechanical or manual means. For example, the blade is made of a soft foldable material (such as canvas), one side is mounted on the bracket, and the other is Mounted on the reel, the bracket can be moved relative to each other in the direction of the blade axis, and is reset by the elastic mechanism. The reel is driven by an external force to wind up the blade against the elastic force to reduce the wind receiving area thereof when the reel is dry. The rolled up foldable material is pulled back under the action of the return spring mechanism and continuously increases the wind receiving area.

Advantageously, the blade axis of the blade is offset relative to the geometric center point of the radial projection of the blade along the central axis with no wind and is offset in the direction of the motion track of the geometric center point. In the case where the rotation of the blade about the blade axis is controlled by a spring or a spring device, such a bias is necessary, in the case where the rotation of the blade about the blade axis is controlled by a control device (for example, a single chip microcomputer), the blade Can be offset or not. It is particularly advantageous if the cross-section of the blade is formed as a symmetrical airfoil and the blade axis is arranged between the center of the blade and the trailing end of the blade and the offset from the center of the blade corresponds to the distance from the center of the blade to the end of the blade.

1/3 to 5/6

In a single embodiment of the cartridge, the blade is controlled to rotate about the blade axis by a linear spring, a non-linear spring or a spring device. It is particularly advantageous to use a non-linear spring of increasing stiffness such that, in the case of less wind, the angle of rotation of the blade about the axis of the blade also substantially causes the moments generated on the blades to be in the same direction without canceling each other; In the case of a large wind, the rotation angle of each blade is not too large, but is maintained within a relatively favorable angle range to improve the utilization of wind energy. In the case of a spring-loaded solution, it is also possible to provide a separate locking device for the blades for locking the rotation of the blades about the axis of the blade. For example, when it is not necessary to receive wind energy from a device that converts wind to mechanical energy or to unload a device that is converted from wind to mechanical energy at a damaging wind speed, each blade is locked at a certain angle so that the torque generated on each blade Offset each other, the sum of the moments is essentially zero.

In another embodiment, the device for converting wind energy into mechanical energy further comprises a sensor for measuring the wind direction, the angle of rotation of the blade about the blade axis being adjusted by the control device according to the measured wind direction. Adjusted by the control device, it can be divided Do not adjust the rotation angle of each blade to a favorable angle range, so that the utilization of wind energy can be improved. In addition, the angle of rotation of the blade about the axis of the blade can be adjusted as needed, for example, when it is not required to receive wind energy from a device that converts wind to mechanical energy or that is desirably converted from wind to mechanical energy at a damaging wind speed, such that The sum of the moments generated on all the blades is substantially zero.

The invention also proposes an apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy, the apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy comprising at least one controllable planar or curved blade, the blade being movable along a closed circular orbit, the orbit It can be planar or non-planar, and the orientation can also be adjusted separately. Advantageously, the track is a planar track, the blades are wing shaped blades and the blade axis is perpendicular to the orbital plane. The shape of the track is a circle, an ellipse, an irregular smooth continuous closed arc, etc., wherein the circular track is particularly advantageous. The design of the blade and the control of its corner are similar to those described above and therefore will not be described in detail.

The device for converting mechanical energy into mechanical energy according to the invention is used in particular in a wind power system, wherein a device converted from wind power to mechanical energy, in combination with a plurality of devices converted from wind to mechanical energy, jointly delivers the received wind energy to a Or multiple generators to generate electricity.

Conventional horizontal-axis propeller blades are very inefficient at converting wind energy into windmill rotational kinetic energy at low wind speeds (3 m/s and below), making it difficult or impossible to start at low wind speeds. The above problem is not present in the apparatus for converting mechanical power into mechanical energy having a particularly wing-shaped blade according to the present invention. The present invention is capable of generating a combined force called lift and thrust in hydrodynamics that cannot be produced by a horizontal-axis propeller at low wind speeds, so that the apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy according to the present invention can be started and used at low wind speeds. In power generation, the utilization of wind energy is improved.

In particular, the wing-shaped blades can adopt a multi-point support manner, so that the design of the wing-shaped blades of the apparatus for converting mechanical power into mechanical energy according to the present invention can avoid the long cantilever beam design of the conventional ice-flat-shaft propeller blades, eliminating the need for Traditional horizontal axis spiral Large stress problems at the root of the paddle blade. For a device converted from wind to mechanical energy with a closed circulation track according to the invention, there is no bearing problem in a horizontal axis propeller blade windmill. The installed capacity of a wind-to-powered system with a controllable wing-shaped blade according to the invention for use as a wind power system can be much greater than 2 megawatts.

DRAWINGS

The invention will be explained in more detail below with the aid of the drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a device for converting mechanical energy into mechanical energy with controllable blades according to the invention;

2a and 2b are schematic top and schematic front views of a cross-sectional shape of a blade; FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a device for converting a wind-to-mechanical energy with a controllable wing-shaped blade according to the invention;

Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of another embodiment of the apparatus for converting mechanical energy into mechanical energy according to the present invention, wherein the airfoil blades are arranged on a closed, cyclically moving track.

detailed description

FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of an embodiment of a device for converting wind to mechanical energy with controllable blades according to the invention, in which the blades L1 to L8 are rotatable about a central axis C, in this plan view. The blades are spaced apart from each other by the same angular spacing and are arranged in a circle as indicated by the dashed lines. Each of the blades L1 to L8 can be controlled to rotate relative to its own blade axis B (see Fig. 2b). In Fig. 1, it is schematically shown that in the wind direction D, each blade has a rotation angle α with respect to the circumferential direction of the central axis C, so that the moments generated on the respective blades L1 to L8 are counterclockwise, and the moments are superimposed on each other, which is improved. The utilization of wind energy by equipment converted from wind power to mechanical energy. The moments M1 to Μ8 on the blades L1 to L8 are only schematically shown in Fig. 1, wherein the blades L3 and L7 are in a critical state substantially free of the Lusheng moment, but are also shown in the drawings for convenience of description. In Figure 1, the blade is only shown schematically, in fact the design of the blade It may be planar or curved, and it is particularly advantageous that the blades are designed to resemble the wing shape of an aircraft wing in accordance with hydrodynamic requirements. Furthermore, the number of blades is not limited to eight as shown in Fig. 1, but can be selected as needed. In addition, the blades may also be divided into a plurality of groups, each of which is disposed uniformly or unevenly in a plane perpendicular to the central axis C. In Fig. 1, taking the blade L1 as an example, the blade L1 is mounted on the central axis C by a push-pull rod mechanism A, which is only schematically shown, and the blade L1 and the central axis C can be enlarged by the extension of the push-pull rod mechanism A. The distance between the blades L1 and the central axis C can be reduced by the contraction of the push-pull rod mechanism A. At the same time, the blade L1 is coupled to the push-pull rod A by a universal joint mechanism not shown, thereby realizing the adjustment of the orientation of A. Preferably, however, the blade is mounted on the push-pull rod mechanism by a vane shaft having a vane axis B. It is particularly advantageous if the vane axis B is parallel to the central axis.

2a and 2b show schematic top and front views of an advantageous embodiment of the blade. The blade is designed here to be a symmetrical wing shape according to the principle of fluid mechanics, comprising a front end P1 and a tail end P2, the center of the blade is marked 0, the length of the blade end P2 to the center of the blade is L, and the blade axis B is designed symmetrically. The offset e in the plane and from the blade axis B to the blade center is preferably 1/3 to 5/6 times the length L in this embodiment. The height H of the blade affects the wind receiving area of the blade. The rotation of the blade itself can be achieved by a hinged connection of the blade or by a shaft concentric with the blade axis B.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a further embodiment of a wind-to-mechanical energy-equipped device with controllable wing-shaped blades according to the invention. The support disk P is rotatably supported by a bearing about a central axis C, which in this embodiment is circular. The support discs P may be arranged in parallel on the ground or on a high tower. Four schematically indicated blades are evenly arranged along the outer circumference of the support disk P. It is of course also possible to provide a plurality of mutually parallel support disks which rotate together about a central axis C, on each of which a blade is arranged. FIG. 4 shows a schematic plan view of a further embodiment of a device for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy according to the invention. The dotted line indicates the track. The shape of the track is preferably circular, but other shapes are also contemplated, such as an elliptical or other smooth continuous closed arc. In Fig. 4, eight blades shown in solid lines move in orbit. In this embodiment, the center shaft is not required to be used, thereby eliminating bearing problems caused by the use of the center shaft.

Claims

Rights request

An apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy, characterized in that the apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy comprises at least one controllable planar or curved blade

(L1 to L8), the area of the blade itself can be adjusted, the blades can be rotated about a common central axis (C), and the blades can also be controlled to adjust the orientation, respectively.

2. Apparatus for converting mechanical power into mechanical energy according to claim 1, wherein: said blade is a wing-shaped blade and said blade is formed in a multi-piece, one of which is a shaft, the axis of the shaft (B) Parallel to the central axis (C).

3. Apparatus for converting mechanical power into mechanical energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: the blades (L1 to L8) are uniformly arranged in a circumferential direction of the central axis (C) on a plane perpendicular to the central axis (C) Inside.

4. Apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: said blades (L1 to L8) can be adjusted in a manual, electromechanical or mechanical manner during operation of a device converted from wind to mechanical energy. The area of the blade itself.

5. Apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy according to claim 2, wherein: said vane axis (B) of said vane is offset relative to a geometric center point of said vane radially projection along said central axis when said vane is stationary without wind and is The geometric center point is offset in the direction of the motion track.

6. Apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy according to claim 5, wherein: said vanes are formed as symmetrical wing-shaped vanes, and vane axis (B) is arranged at the center of the vane (O) and the end of the vane (P2) Offset between and relative to the center of the blade

(e) Corresponds to 1/3 to 5/6 of the distance from the center of the blade to the end of the blade (L).

7. Apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy according to claim 5, wherein: said vanes are rotatable about a vane axis (B) by linear springs, non-linear springs or spring means.

8. Apparatus for converting mechanical power into mechanical energy according to claim 7, wherein: said vanes are each provided with a positive locking means for locking the rotation of the vanes about the vane axis.

9. Apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy according to claim 1, characterized in that the apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy further comprises a sensor for measuring the wind direction (D), the orientation of said blades (L1 to L8) passing Control device based on measured wind direction

(D) Adjust separately.

10. Apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy according to claim 9, characterized in that the apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy further comprises a sensor for measuring the wind direction (D), said blades (L1 to L8) being around the blade axis The corner of (B) is adjusted by the control device according to the measured wind direction (D).

11. Apparatus for converting mechanical power into mechanical energy according to claim 10, characterized in that: the adjustment of the angle of rotation of said blades about the blade axis (B) causes the moments generated on all of the blades to overlap each other.

12. Apparatus for converting mechanical power into mechanical energy according to claim 10, characterized in that: the adjustment of the angle of rotation of said blades about the axis of the blade (B) is such that the sum of the moments produced on all of the blades is zero.

13. Apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy according to claim 1, characterized in that said blades are adjustable in radial relation with respect to the central axis to vary the distance of the blades (L1 to L8) relative to the central axis (C) .

14. Apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy, characterized in that: the apparatus for converting mechanical power into mechanical energy comprises at least one controllable planar or curved blade, the area of the blade itself being adjustable, the blade being A closed circular orbital motion, and the orientation can also be adjusted separately.

15. Apparatus for converting mechanical energy into mechanical energy according to claim 14, wherein: said blade is a wing-shaped blade and said blade is constructed in multiple pieces, wherein one of the members is a shaft, the axis of the shaft (B) Vertical to the orbital plane.

16. Apparatus for converting mechanical energy into mechanical energy according to claim 14 wherein: said track (P) is circular, elliptical, irregularly smooth and continuous closed arc.

17. Apparatus for converting mechanical power into mechanical energy according to claim 15, wherein: said blade axis (B) of said blade is offset relative to a geometric center point of said blade radially projecting along said central axis when said blade is windless, and is The geometric center point is offset in the direction of the motion track.

18. Apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy according to claim 17, wherein: said vanes are formed as symmetrical wing-shaped vanes, and vane axis (B) is arranged at vane center (O) and vane end (P2) The offset (e) between and relative to the center of the blade corresponds to 1/3 to 5/6 of the distance from the center of the blade to the end of the blade (L).

19. Apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy according to claim 17 wherein: said vanes are rotatable about a vane axis (B) by linear springs, non-linear springs or spring means.

20. Apparatus for converting mechanical energy into mechanical energy according to claim 14, wherein: said blade is adapted to adjust the area of said blade itself during operation of the apparatus for converting electrical energy into mechanical energy by manual, electromechanical or mechanical means. .

21. Apparatus for converting mechanical energy into mechanical energy according to claim 14, wherein: said means for converting wind to mechanical energy further comprises a sensor for measuring wind direction (D), said azimuth of said blade being measured by said control means The wind direction (D) is adjusted separately.

23. Apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy according to claim 21, characterized in that: the angle of rotation of said blade winding blade axis (B) is adjusted by the control means according to the measured wind direction (D).

24. Apparatus for converting mechanical energy into mechanical energy according to claim 23, characterized in that the adjustment of the angle of rotation of said blades about the blade axis (B) causes the moments generated on all of the blades to overlap each other.

25. Apparatus for converting wind to mechanical energy according to claim 23, wherein: the adjustment of the angle of rotation of said vanes about the vane axis (B) is such that the sum of the moments produced on all of the vanes is zero.

26. Use of a device for converting wind to mechanical energy according to any one of claims 1 to 25 in a wind power generation system, wherein a device converted from wind power to mechanical energy is combined individually or a plurality of devices converted from wind power into mechanical energy. The received wind energy is delivered to one or more generators for power generation.