WO2007124545A1 - Inhibiteurs d'intégrase-2 - Google Patents

Inhibiteurs d'intégrase-2 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007124545A1
WO2007124545A1 PCT/AU2007/000560 AU2007000560W WO2007124545A1 WO 2007124545 A1 WO2007124545 A1 WO 2007124545A1 AU 2007000560 W AU2007000560 W AU 2007000560W WO 2007124545 A1 WO2007124545 A1 WO 2007124545A1
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Prior art keywords
phenyl
cyano
hydrogen
group
pyridin
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PCT/AU2007/000560
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English (en)
Inventor
Ian Crosby
Neil Choi
John Joseph Deadman
William Issa
Eric Dale Jones
Katherine Macfarlane
David Ian Rhodes
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Avexa Limited
Monash University
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Priority claimed from AU2006902228A external-priority patent/AU2006902228A0/en
Application filed by Avexa Limited, Monash University filed Critical Avexa Limited
Publication of WO2007124545A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007124545A1/fr

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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/62Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D213/63One oxygen atom
    • C07D213/64One oxygen atom attached in position 2 or 6
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/4427Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/443Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with oxygen as a ring hetero atom
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/4427Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/4436Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a heterocyclic ring having sulfur as a ring hetero atom
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/435Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • A61K31/44Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/4427Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems
    • A61K31/4439Non condensed pyridines; Hydrogenated derivatives thereof containing further heterocyclic ring systems containing a five-membered ring with nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. omeprazole
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12Antivirals
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/62Oxygen or sulfur atoms
    • C07D213/70Sulfur atoms
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/72Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D213/74Amino or imino radicals substituted by hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D213/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/02Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D213/04Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
    • C07D213/60Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D213/78Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
    • C07D213/84Nitriles
    • C07D213/85Nitriles in position 3
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    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/04Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/14Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing three or more hetero rings
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D409/04Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D409/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D409/14Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D417/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00
    • C07D417/14Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to novel pyridine-based compounds for the treatment of viral infections, particularly HIV infections.
  • HIV human immunodeficiency virus
  • a feature of retrovirus replication includes the reverse transcription of the viral genome into proviral DNA and its integration into the host cell genome. These steps are required for HIV replication and are mediated by the virus encoded enzymes, reverse transcriptase and integrase respectively.
  • HIV infection follows a path of the virus particle binding to cell surface receptors and co- receptors resulting in fusion of the virus particle with the cell.
  • the contents of the virus are released into the cytoplasm where reverse transcription of the HIV genome occurs.
  • a double stranded proviral DNA copy is produced.
  • the proviral DNA is transported to the nucleus in a complex known as the pre integration complex (PIC) which contains integrase and other viral and possibly cellular proteins.
  • PIC pre integration complex
  • Once inside the nucleus the proviral DNA is integrated into the host cell genome via the action of integrase. Once integrated, transcription and translation of the viral genome can occur resulting in the production of viral proteins and a new viral RNA genome.
  • the integration of the proviral genome into the host cell genome requires the action of an integrase which carries out this process in at least three steps, possibly four.
  • the first step involves the assembly of the viral genome into a stable nucleoprotein complex, secondly, processing of two nucleotides from the 3' termini of the genome to give staggered ends with free 3' OH residues and thirdly the transfer of these ends into the host cell genome.
  • the final step involves the gap filling and repair of the insertion site in the host genome. There is still some conjecture over whether the integrase performs this final step or whether it is carried out by cellular repair enzymes.
  • HIV infection can be treated with a number of inhibitors on the market which target reverse transcriptase, protease or entry into the cell. Treatment of HIV infection with these, or a combination of these, drugs is known to be an effective treatment for AIDS and similar diseases. Shortcomings with the current inhibitors include the rapid emergence and increase incidence of resistance and numerous side effects and hence there is a need for new classes of inhibitors.
  • the present invention provides a method of treatment or prophylaxis of a viral infection in a subject comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative, salt or prodrug thereof wherein:
  • X is selected from-O-, -S-, -S(O)-, -S(O 2 )-, and -NR 6 -;
  • Y is selected from -O- , and -NR 6 -;
  • each R 6 is independently selected from H and C 1-3 alkyl
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 6-1 oaryl, C 6-1 oarylC 1-3 alkyl, heterocyclyl, hetereoaryl, C 1-1O aIlCyI and C 3-1 ocycloalkyl, -NR 7 R 8 , -SCi-Cioalkyl;
  • R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, -C(O)NR 7 R 8 , -CH 2 NR 7 R 8 , and CO 2 R 9 ;
  • R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-1O aIlCyI, C 6-1O aTyIC 1-S aIlCyI and C 6-1 oaryl;
  • R 5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-1O aIlCyI, and Ci- t oalkenyl.
  • a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative, salt or prodrug thereof in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of a viral infection in a subject.
  • the present invention provides a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative, salt or prodrug thereof wherein:
  • X is selected from -O-, -S-, -S(O)-, -S(O 2 )-, and -NR 6 -;
  • Y is selected from -0-, and -NR 6 -;
  • each R 6 is independently selected from H and C 1-3 alkyl
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 6-1 oaryl, C 6-1 oarylC 1-3 alkyl, heterocyclyl, hetereoaryl, C ⁇ oalkyl and Ca- t ocycloalkyl, -NR 7 R 8 , -SCi-Cioalkyl;
  • R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, -C(O)NR 7 R 8 , -CH 2 NR 7 Rs, and CO 2 R 9 ;
  • R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-1O aIkVl, C ⁇ oarylCi-salkyl and C 6-1 oaryl;
  • R 5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-1O aIkVl, and C 2-1 oalkenyl.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to the third aspect and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.
  • the compounds of the present invention display anti- viral activity.
  • the present inventors have found that the compounds inhibit HIV replication in infected cells and have also shown that the compounds inhibit the activity of HIV integrase in vitro.
  • the present invention provides a method of treatment or prophylaxis of a viral infection in a subject comprising administering to said subject an effective amount of a compound of formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative, salt or prodrug thereof wherein:
  • X is selected from -O-, -S-, -S(O)-, -S(O 2 )-, and -NR 6 -;
  • Y is selected from -O- , and -NR 6 -;
  • each R 6 is independently selected from H and C 1-3 alkyl
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 6-1 oaryl, C 6-1 oarylC 1-3 alkyl, heterocyclyl, hetereoaryl, C 1-10 alkyl and C 3-10 cycloalkyl, -NR 7 R 8 , -SCi-Cioalkyl;
  • R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, -C(O)NR 7 R 8 , -CH 2 NR 7 R 8 , and CO 2 R 9 ;
  • R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 1-1O aIlCyI, C 6-1 oarylC 1-3 alkyl and C 6-1 oaryl; and
  • R 5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Ci.ioalkyl, and C 2-1 oalkenyl.
  • R 1 is selected from C ⁇ -ioaryl and heteroaryl.
  • R 2 is selected from C 6-1 oaryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl and C 3 - 6 cycloalkyl.
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen and cyano, more preferably cyano.
  • R 4 is C 6 aryl.
  • R 5 is selected from hydrogen and C 2-3 alkenyl, more preferably R 5 is allyl.
  • Preferred heteroaryl substituents are selected from the group consisting of thiophenyl, furanyl, benzofuranyl, and imidazolyl.
  • Preferred heterocyclyl substituents are selected from the group consisting of 2,2-dimethyl-l,3- dioxalane and tetrahydrofuran.
  • the compound of formula I is selected from the group consisting of:
  • a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative, salt or prodrug thereof in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment or prophylaxis of a viral infection in a subject.
  • the viral infection of the first and second aspects is a HIV infection.
  • the present invention provides a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative, salt or prodrug thereof wherein:
  • X is selected from -O-, -S-, -S(O)-, -S(O 2 )-, and -NR 6 -;
  • Y is selected from -0-, and -NR 6 -;
  • each R 6 is independently selected from H and C 1-3 alkyl;
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C 6-1 oaryl, C ⁇ -ioarylCi-salkyl, heterocyclyl, hetereoaryl, C 1-lo alkyl and C 3-10 cycloalkyl, -NR 7 Rs, -SCi-Cioalkyl;
  • R 3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, cyano, -C(O)NR 7 R 8 , -CH 2 NR 7 R 8 , and CO 2 R 9 ;
  • R 7 , R 8 and R 9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C t -ioalkyl, C 6-1 oarylC 1-3 alkyl and C 6-1 oaryl;
  • R 5 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Ci-ioalkyl, and C 2-1 oalkenyl.
  • R 1 is selected from C 6-1 oaryl and heteroaryl.
  • R 2 is selected from C 6-1 oaryl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl and C 3 - 6 cycloalkyl.
  • R 3 is selected from hydrogen and cyano.
  • R 4 is C 6 aryl.
  • R 5 is selected from hydrogen and C 2-3 alkenyl, more preferably R 5 is allyl.
  • Preferred heteroaryl substituents are selected from the group consisting of thiophenyl, furanyl, benzofuranyl, and imidazolyl.
  • Preferred heterocyclyl substituents are selected from the group consisting of 2,2-dimethyl-l,3- dioxalane and tetrahydrofuran.
  • the compound of formula I is selected from the group consisting of:
  • halo or halogen refers to fluorine (fluoro), chlorine (chloro), bromine (bromo) or iodine (iodo).
  • alkyl either used alone or in compound terms such as NH(alkyl) or N(alkyl) 2 , refers to monovalent straight chain or branched hydrocarbon groups, having 1 to 3, 1 to 6, 1 to 10 or 1 to 21 carbon atoms as appropriate.
  • suitable alkyl groups include, but are not limited to methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, n-hexyl, 2-, 3- or 4-methylpentyl, 2-ethylbutyl, n-hexyl or 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-metliylpentyl.
  • alkenyl refers to straight chain or branched hydrocarbon groups having one or more double bonds between carbon atoms. Suitable alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to ethenyl, allyl, propenyl, isopropenyl, butenyl, pentenyl and hexenyl.
  • alkynyl refers to straight chain or branched hydrocarbon groups containing one or more triple bonds. Suitable alkynyl groups include, but are not limited to ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl and hexenyl.
  • cycloalkyl refers to cyclic hydrocarbon groups. Suitable cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl.
  • aryl refers to a C 6 -C 1O aromatic hydrocarbon group, for example phenyl or naphthyl.
  • arylalkyl includes, for example, benzyl.
  • heterocycle when used alone or in compound words includes monocyclic, polycyclic, fused or conjugated hydrocarbon residues, preferably C 3-6 ,wherein one or more carbon atoms (and where appropriate, hydrogen atoms attached thereto) are replaced by a heteroatom so as to provide a non-aromatic residue.
  • Suitable heteroatoms include, O, N and S.. Where two or more carbon atoms are replaced, this may be by two or more of the same heteroatom or by different heteroatoms.
  • heterocyclic groups may include pyrrolidinyl, piperidyl, piperazinyl, morpholino, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, thiomorpholino, dioxanyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydropyrrolyl etc.
  • heteroaryl includes a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring containing one or more heteroatoms selected from O, N and S.
  • Suitable examples of heteroaryl groups include tetrazolyl, 1,2,3-triazolyl, 1,2,4-triazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridinyl, pyrimidinyl, oxazolyl, oxadiazolyl etc.
  • the heteroaromatic ring may be fused to a 5- or 6- aromatic or heteroaromatic ring to form a bicyclic aromatic system eg benzofuran.
  • Each alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl, or heteroaryl group may be optionally substituted with one or more of C!-C 3 alkyl, C 3 -C 6 cycloalkyl, C 6 aryl, heterocyclyl, heteroaryl, C r C 3 alkylOH, alkylaryl, OH, OQ-Csalkyl, halo, CN, NO 2 , CO 2 H,
  • an optionally substituted aryl group may be 4-methylphenyl or 4-hydroxyphenyl group, and an optionally substituted alkyl group may be 2-hydroxyethyl, trifluoromethyl, or difluoromethyl.
  • Each optional substituent may also be optionally substituted.
  • optional substituents also include suitable nitrogen protecting groups (see “Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis” Theodora Greene and Peter Wuts, third edition, Wiley Interscience, 1999).
  • salts of the compound of formula I are preferably pharmaceutically acceptable, but it will be appreciated that non-pharmaceutically acceptable salts also fall within the scope of the present invention, since these are useful as intermediates in the preparation of pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable derivative may include any pharmaceutically acceptable salt, hydrate or prodrug, or any other compound which upon administration to a subject, is capable of providing (directly or indirectly) a compound of formula I or an antibacterially active metabolite or residue thereof.
  • Suitable pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, but are not limited to, salts of pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, sulphuric, phosphoric, nitric, carbonic, boric, sulfamic, and hydrobromic acids, or salts of pharmaceutically acceptable organic acids such as acetic, propionic, butyric, tartaric, maleic, hydroxymaleic, fumaric, malic, citric, lactic, mucic, gluconic, benzoic, succinic, oxalic, phenylacetic, methanesulphonic, toluenesulphonic, benzenesulphonic, salicylic, sulphanilic, aspartic, glutamic, edetic, stearic, palmitic, oleic, lauric, pantothenic, tannic, ascorbic and valeric acids.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, sulphuric, phosphoric, n
  • Base salts include, but are not limited to, those formed with pharmaceutically acceptable cations, such as sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, ammonium, alkylammonium such as salts formed from triethylamine, alkoxyammonium such as those formed with ethanolamine and salts formed from ethylenediamine, choline or amino acids such as arginine, lysine or histidine.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable cations such as sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, ammonium, alkylammonium such as salts formed from triethylamine, alkoxyammonium such as those formed with ethanolamine and salts formed from ethylenediamine, choline or amino acids such as arginine, lysine or histidine.
  • Basic nitrogen-containing groups may be quarternised with such agents as lower alkyl halide, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl chlorides, bromides and iodides; dialkyl sulfates like dimethyl and diethyl sulfate; and others.
  • lower alkyl halide such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl chlorides, bromides and iodides
  • dialkyl sulfates like dimethyl and diethyl sulfate; and others.
  • This invention also encompasses prodrugs of compounds of formula I.
  • This invention also encompasses methods of treating or preventing disorders in a subject that can be treated or prevented by the inhibition of AIDS and other disorders that can be treated by inhibition of the integrase enzyme by administering prodrugs of compounds of the formula (I).
  • Compounds of formula I having free amino, amido, hydroxy or carboxylic groups can be converted into prodrugs.
  • Prodrugs include compounds wherein an amino acid residue, or a polypeptide chain of two or more (eg, two, three or four) amino acid residues which are covalently joined through peptide bonds to free amino, hydroxy and carboxylic acid groups of compounds of formula I.
  • the amino acid residues include the 20 naturally occurring amino acids commonly designated by three letter symbols and also include, 4-hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine, demosine, isodemosine, 3-methylhistidine, norvlin, beta-alanine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, citrulline, homocysteine, homoserine, ornithine and methionine sulfone.
  • Prodrugs also include compounds wherein carbonates, carbamates, amides and alkyl esters which are covalently bonded to the above substituents of formula I through the carbonyl carbon prodrug sidechain.
  • Prodrugs also include phosphate derivatives of compounds of formula I (such as acids, salts of acids, or esters) joined through a phosphorus-oxygen bond to a free hydroxyl of compounds of formula I.
  • the compounds of formula I may possess asymmetric centres and are therefore capable of existing in more than one stereoisomeric form.
  • the invention thus also relates to compounds in substantially pure isomeric form at one or more asymmetric centres eg., greater than about 90% ee, such as about 95% or 97% ee or greater than 99% ee, as well as mixtures, including racemic mixtures, thereof.
  • Such isomers may be prepared by asymmetric synthesis, for example using chiral intermediates, or by chiral resolution.
  • the present invention provides pharmaceutical a composition comprising a compound according to the third aspect and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient.
  • compositions of the present invention may contain other therapeutic agents as described below, and may be formulated, for example, by employing conventional solid or liquid vehicles or diluents, as well as pharmaceutical additives of a type appropriate to the mode of desired administration (for example, excipients, binders, preservatives, stabilizers, flavors, etc.) according to techniques such as those well known in the art of pharmaceutical formulation.
  • the compounds of the present invention may be administered by any suitable means, for example, parenterally, such as by subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, or intracisternal injection or infusion techniques (e.g., as sterile injectable aqueous or non-aqueous solutions or suspensions).
  • parenterally such as by subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, or intracisternal injection or infusion techniques (e.g., as sterile injectable aqueous or non-aqueous solutions or suspensions).
  • compositions include those for oral, rectal, nasal, topical (including buccal and sub-lingual), vaginal or parenteral (including intramuscular, sub-cutaneous and intravenous) administration or in a form suitable for administration by inhalation or insufflation.
  • the compounds of the invention may thus be placed into the form of pharmaceutical compositions and unit dosages thereof, and in such form may be employed as solids, such as tablets or filled capsules, or liquids as solutions, suspensions, emulsions, elixirs or capsules filled with the same, all for oral use, in the form of suppositories for rectal administration; or in the form of sterile injectable solutions for parenteral (including subcutaneous) use.
  • mammals including, but not limited to, cows, sheep, goats, horses, dogs, cats, guinea pigs, rats or other bovine, ovine, equine, canine, feline, rodent or murine species can be treated.
  • the method can also be practiced in other species, such as avian species (e.g., chickens).
  • the subjects treated in the above method are mammals, including, but not limited to, cows, sheep, goats, horses, dogs, cats, guinea pigs, rats or other bovine, ovine, equine, canine, feline, rodent or murine species, and preferably a human being, male or female.
  • effective amount means the amount of the subject composition that will elicit the reduction in viral load or inhibition of viral replication that is being sought by the researcher, veterinarian, medical doctor or other clinician.
  • treatment does not necessarily mean that the viral infection is completely cured.
  • treatment encompasses any level of reduction of the viral load and/or inhibition of replication in the subject being treated.
  • composition as used herein is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients in the specified amounts, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination of the specified ingredients in the specified amounts.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable it is meant the carrier, diluent or excipient must be compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof.
  • administering should be understood to mean providing a compound of the invention to the individual in need of treatment.
  • compositions for the administration of the compounds of this invention may conveniently be presented in dosage unit form and may be prepared by any of the methods well known in the art of pharmacy. All methods include the step of bringing the active ingredient into association with the carrier which constitutes one or more accessory ingredients.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions are prepared by uniformly and intimately bringing the active ingredient into association with a liquid carrier or a finely divided solid carrier or both, and then, if necessary, shaping the product into the desired formulation.
  • the active object compound is included in an amount sufficient to produce the desired effect upon the process or condition of diseases.
  • composition is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients in the specified amounts, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination of the specified ingredients in the specified amounts.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions may be in the form of a sterile injectable aqueous or oleagenous suspension.
  • This suspension may be formulated according to the known art using those suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents which have been mentioned above.
  • the sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1,3-butane diol.
  • the acceptable vehicles and solvents that may be employed are water, Ringer's solution and isotonic sodium chloride solution.
  • sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium.
  • any bland fixed oil may be employed including synthetic mono- or diglycerides.
  • fatty acids such as oleic acid find use in the preparation of injectables.
  • the pharmaceutical composition and method of the present invention may further comprise other therapeutically active compounds which are usually applied in the treatment of the above mentioned pathological conditions. Selection of the appropriate agents for use in combination therapy may be made by one of ordinary skill in the art, according to conventional pharmaceutical principles.
  • the combination of therapeutic agents may act synergistically to effect the treatment or prevention of the various disorders described above. Using this approach, one may be able to achieve therapeutic efficacy with lower dosages of each agent, thus reducing the potential for adverse side effects.
  • an appropriate dosage level will generally be about 0.01 to 500 mg per kg patient body weight per day which can be administered in single or multiple doses.
  • the dosage level will be about 0.1 to about 250 mg/kg per day; more preferably about 0.5 to about 100 mg/kg per day.
  • a suitable dosage level may be about 0.01 to 250 mg/kg per day, about 0.05 to 100 mg/kg per day, or about 0.1 to 50 mg/kg per day. Within this range the dosage may be 0.05 to 0.5, 0..5 to 5 or 5 to 50 mg/kg per day.
  • compositions are preferably provided in the form of tablets containing 1.0 to 1000 milligrams of the active ingredient, particularly 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0. 20.0, 25.0, 50.0, 75.0, 100.0, 150.0, 200.0, 250.0, 300.0, 400.0, 500.0, 600.0, 750.0, 800.0, 900.0, and 1000.0 milligrams of the active ingredient for the symptomatic adjustment of the dosage to the patient to be treated.
  • the compounds may be administered on a regimen of 1 to 4 times per day, preferably once or twice per day.
  • Buffer A 100% water
  • Buffer B 100% acetonitrile
  • Buffer C 2% aqueous formic acid Gradient: (linear gradient curve 6)
  • Buffer A 100% water
  • Buffer B 100% acetonitrile
  • Buffer C 2% aqueous TFA
  • Aqueous sodium hydroxide (2.0 M, 30 mL) was added dropwise to a solution of 2-acetyl thiophene (1Og, 8.65 mL, 79.3 mmol) and 2-furan-carboxaldehyde (6.92 g, 72.0 mmol) in ethanol (50 mL). After stirring overnight at room temperature the mixture was diluted by addition of (500 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (250 mL). The organic phase was dried (Na 2 SO 4 ), filtered and allowed to stand overnight at 0 0 C.
  • reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (20 mL) and the combined organics were washed with water (3 x 2OmL) and dried (MgSO 4 ) to afford a tan solid which was further purified by column chromatography (Si, 50% ethyl aetate/hexane/l%acetic acid), yielding 2-[3-cyano-4-(2-furyl)-6-(2-thienyl)-2-pyridinyl]oxy-2-phenylacetic acid as a tan solid (84 mg, 91%).
  • Digoxigenin (DIG; 5'-ACTGCTAGAGATTTTCCACACTGACTAAAAGGGTC-DIG-S') or biotin (5'-BiO-GACCCTTTTAGTCAGTGTGGAAAATCTCTAGCAGT-S') so that each substrate has either a DIG or Bio tag on opposite strands. Reactions are carried out for 2hrs at 37°C, products generated as a result of 3'processing and strand transfer activity are bound to streptavidin plates and detected with using anti-DIG-alkaline phosphatase conjugate and p- nitro phenyl phosphate substrate.
  • the strand transfer specific assay is of similar format to that of the 3'processing/strand transfer combined assay except that it uses a biotinylated substrate that represents a pre- processed LTR end (5'-BiO-GACCCTTTTAGTCAGTGTGGAAAATCTCTAGCA-S').
  • Cells are seeded into 96 well microtitre plates at 50,000 cells per 50ul per well in RF- 10 containing 2 ⁇ g/ mL polybrene (RF- 10/2). Compounds are prepared to 4 x final concentration in RF-10/2, and 30 ⁇ l added to cells. Virus (40 ⁇ l in RF-10/2 containing 1600 pfu) is added to each well or 40 ⁇ l RF-10/2 for negative controls and for assaying compound cytotoxicity.
  • IC 5 0 (3'-ST) represents the assay results for the 3 'processing/strand transfer combined assay
  • Table 5 depicts the "scoring system" used in the assays.

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  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de traitement ou de prophylaxie d'une infection virale chez un sujet, comprenant l'administration audit sujet d'une quantité efficace d'un composé de formule (I) ou d'un dérivé, sel ou pro-médicament pharmaceutiquement acceptable de celui-ci. L'invention concerne également des composés de formule (I).
PCT/AU2007/000560 2006-04-28 2007-04-30 Inhibiteurs d'intégrase-2 WO2007124545A1 (fr)

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WO2011133727A2 (fr) 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 Kineta, Inc. Composés antiviraux
US9844218B2 (en) 2013-06-13 2017-12-19 Monsanto Technology Llc Acetyl-CoA carboxylase modulators
US10207995B2 (en) 2013-06-13 2019-02-19 Monsanto Technology Llc Acetyl CoA carboxylase modulators
CN109771422A (zh) * 2019-03-15 2019-05-21 中国药科大学 2-(吡啶-2-硫基)乙酸在抗结核分枝杆菌感染中的医药用途

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WO2009087212A3 (fr) * 2008-01-11 2009-09-24 Novartis Ag Composés organiques
JP2011509277A (ja) * 2008-01-11 2011-03-24 ノバルティス アーゲー ピリジン誘導体
WO2009087212A2 (fr) * 2008-01-11 2009-07-16 Novartis Ag Composés organiques
US8343966B2 (en) 2008-01-11 2013-01-01 Novartis Ag Organic compounds
EP2560657A4 (fr) * 2010-04-23 2014-02-19 Kineta Inc Composés antiviraux
EP2977085A1 (fr) * 2010-04-23 2016-01-27 Kineta, Inc. Diarylpyridines en tant que composés antiviraux
US20130039944A1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2013-02-14 Kineta, Inc. Anti-Viral Compounds
EP2560657A2 (fr) * 2010-04-23 2013-02-27 Kineta, Inc. Composés antiviraux
JP2013525367A (ja) * 2010-04-23 2013-06-20 キネタ・インコーポレイテツド 抗ウイルス性化合物
WO2011133727A2 (fr) 2010-04-23 2011-10-27 Kineta, Inc. Composés antiviraux
AU2011242688B2 (en) * 2010-04-23 2015-01-22 Kineta, Inc. Anti-viral compounds
WO2011133727A3 (fr) * 2010-04-23 2012-03-08 Kineta, Inc. Composés antiviraux
US9301952B2 (en) 2010-04-23 2016-04-05 Kineta, Inc. Diarylpyridine anti-viral compounds
US9844218B2 (en) 2013-06-13 2017-12-19 Monsanto Technology Llc Acetyl-CoA carboxylase modulators
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CN109771422A (zh) * 2019-03-15 2019-05-21 中国药科大学 2-(吡啶-2-硫基)乙酸在抗结核分枝杆菌感染中的医药用途

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