WO2007122898A1 - Appareil de transcodage, appareil de décodage et appareil d'encodage - Google Patents

Appareil de transcodage, appareil de décodage et appareil d'encodage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007122898A1
WO2007122898A1 PCT/JP2007/054830 JP2007054830W WO2007122898A1 WO 2007122898 A1 WO2007122898 A1 WO 2007122898A1 JP 2007054830 W JP2007054830 W JP 2007054830W WO 2007122898 A1 WO2007122898 A1 WO 2007122898A1
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Prior art keywords
picture
type
decoding
encoded
pictures
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PCT/JP2007/054830
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Takeshi Tanaka
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Panasonic Corporation
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Publication of WO2007122898A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007122898A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
    • H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
    • H04N19/103—Selection of coding mode or of prediction mode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/40—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using video transcoding, i.e. partial or full decoding of a coded input stream followed by re-encoding of the decoded output stream

Definitions

  • Transcoding device decoding device, and encoding device
  • the present invention relates to a picture that is encoded within a frame, a picture that is encoded with reference to another frame and also referred to itself, and is encoded with reference to another frame and referred to itself.
  • the present invention relates to a transcoding device that transcodes a coded video image including a picture and a decoding device that decodes the encoded video image.
  • the present invention also relates to an encoding device that encodes a moving image.
  • Transcoding is the re-encoding of encoded data encoded in a certain encoding format in a different encoding format.
  • transcoding that re-encodes encoded data encoded in the 8 Mbps (Bits Per Second) format of the MEPG2 standard in the 4 Mbps format of the MPEG2 standard, or encoded data encoded in the MPEG2 format.
  • transcoding that re-encodes in the form.
  • Such transcoding processing is a high-load operation of re-encoding a moving image generated by decoding each picture constituting the encoded moving image. It takes a long time to complete.
  • Patent Document 1 a method for high-speed transcoding has been proposed.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for dividing a file to be transcoded in order to perform transcoding processing in parallel by a plurality of devices.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent No. 3550651
  • Non-Patent Document 1 ITU-T Recommendation H. 262 rinformation technology-Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information: videoj Disclosure of the invention
  • an encoded moving image encoded in the MPEG2 format is encoded with reference to an I picture that is intra-frame encoded, a P-picture that is encoded with other frame codes, and other frames.
  • picture power There are also three types of picture power that are not referenced by themselves.
  • An I picture is a picture that can be reproduced independently.
  • a P picture is a picture that is played back using the difference between the preceding I picture or P picture power. Therefore, when decoding a P picture, it is necessary to decode with reference to the preceding I picture or P picture. Also, when generating a P picture by encoding a moving image, it is necessary to encode it by referring to the preceding I picture or P picture.
  • a B picture is a picture that is reproduced using a difference from the preceding and following I or P pictures. Therefore, when decoding a B picture, it is necessary to decode it with reference to the preceding and following I or P pictures. In addition, when a B picture is generated by encoding a moving picture, it is necessary to perform encoding by referring to the previous or next I picture or P picture. In the MPEG2 standard, B pictures are not referenced.
  • the I picture, the P picture, and the B picture are mutually dependent.
  • the unit of I picture, P picture, and B picture as a group is GOP (Group Of Pictures) t ⁇ , and the MPEG encoded moving picture is expressed as a GOP aggregate.
  • GOP Group Of Pictures
  • the MPEG encoded moving picture is expressed as a GOP aggregate.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a transcoding device and a decoding device that can divide code-motion images having mutually dependent picture powers that refer to each other and decode them at high speed.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an encoding device that can divide a moving image and encode it at a high speed into an encoded moving image composed of pictures having interdependencies.
  • a transcoding device is a coded video image including a plurality of picture groups composed of a plurality of picture frames.
  • An encoded moving image encoded in the first encoding format which includes one or more third-type pictures that are encoded with reference to other frames in the frame and are not referred to themselves.
  • a transcoding device for encoding in a coded format comprising: a plurality of decoding means for sharing and decoding the encoded moving image; and a video obtained as a result of decoding by the plurality of decoding means.
  • Each of the means includes a third type picture that is different from the encoded moving image, and all the first type pictures and second type pictures that require decoding results for decoding the third type picture. It is characterized by decoding.
  • the first type picture that is encoded in the frame the second type picture that is encoded with reference to another frame and is also referred to, and the other frame is referred to
  • the other frame is referred to
  • a plurality of decoding means and encoding means can be used to transcode different type 3 pictures in a distributed manner. As a result, the transcoding process can be performed at high speed.
  • the first encoding format and the second encoding format may be different encoding standards, or may be the same encoding standards with different bit rates! /.
  • the first type picture, the second type picture, and the third type picture correspond to an I picture, a P picture, and a B picture defined by the MPEG2 standard, respectively.
  • the transcoding device includes a distribution unit that distributes and supplies the encoded moving image to each of the plurality of decoding units, and each of the plurality of decoding units includes a portion of the supplied encoded moving image.
  • the third type pictures that require the same decoding result of the first type picture and the second type picture are grouped together, and the decoding result is decoded into the grouped third type picture and the third type picture. All necessary type 1 pictures and type 2 pictures may be decoded.
  • the transcoding apparatus divides the encoded moving image into third type pictures that require decoding results of the same first type picture and second type picture, and divides the encoded moving images into one group.
  • Each of the decoding means may decode the supplied third picture, first picture, and second picture.
  • a plurality of third-type pictures that refer to the same first-type picture and second-type picture are grouped, and each group, first-type picture, and second-type picture are decoded by each decoding unit.
  • each decoding means only needs to decode the input picture, so it is more efficient. It is possible to transcode a sign video image well.
  • the transcoding device of the present invention includes:
  • the first type picture that is intraframe encoded the second type picture that is encoded with reference to other frames and that is also referred to itself, and that is encoded with reference to other frames and is not referred to itself.
  • a transcoding device that encodes an encoded moving image encoded in a first encoding format, composed of a plurality of GOPs including a third type picture, in a different second encoding format.
  • each of the decoding means being a first in a different GOP of the plurality of GOPs.
  • the decoding result is necessary for decoding the first type picture, the second type picture, and the third type picture together with the first type picture, the second type picture, and the third type picture. Decoding the first kind picture and the second kind picture of Features.
  • Each of the transcoding devices described above conforms to the MPEG2 standard, and the first type picture is an I picture defined by the MPEG2 standard, and the second type picture is a P defined by the MPE G2 standard. It is a picture, and the third type picture may be a B picture as defined in the MPEG2 standard!
  • the decoding device of the present invention is a coded video image including a plurality of picture groups that generate a plurality of pictures, and each frame is encoded with an intra-frame code.
  • a decoding device that decodes an MPEG encoded encoded moving image that includes one or more third-type pictures that are encoded with reference to other frames but are not referred to themselves.
  • Each of the decoding means includes a part of a different third type picture in the encoded moving image and all of the first types that require a decoding result for decoding the third type picture. It is characterized by decoding the seed picture and the second kind picture.
  • the first type picture that is intra-frame coded the second type picture that is encoded with reference to another frame and is also referred to, and the other frame is referred to.
  • transcoding a coded video image including a third type picture that is encoded and not referenced by itself it can be decoded while maintaining the interdependence between the pictures.
  • the encoding apparatus is a coded moving image including a plurality of picture groups each having a plurality of picture powers.
  • a decoding unit comprising: a plurality of encoding units that share and encode the moving image; and a combining unit that combines the encoded moving images that are the results of encoding by each of the encoding units.
  • a moving picture is encoded with a first type picture that is encoded within a frame, a second type picture that is encoded with reference to another frame and is also referred to, and the like. Encoded with reference to this frame and not referenced by itself ⁇
  • encoding is performed while maintaining the interdependence between the pictures. Can do. Brief Description of Drawings
  • FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing interdependencies between pictures.
  • FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a data structure of an encoded moving image encoded according to the MPEG2 standard.
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of transcoding apparatus 100.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an image conversion unit 103.
  • FIG. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a picture analysis process performed by the transcoding apparatus 100.
  • FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram showing transcoding processing performed by transcoding apparatus 100 in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a conceptual diagram showing transcoding processing performed by transcoding apparatus 100 in the third embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a configuration of decoding apparatus 200.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an image decoding unit 203.
  • FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing a decoding process performed by an image decoding unit 203.
  • FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration of the sign key device 300.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an image code key unit 303.
  • FIG. 14 is a conceptual diagram showing a sign key process performed by the sign key device 303.
  • Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • transcoding Recoding a moving picture encoded at one bit rate between the same standards at a different bit rate is called transcoding.
  • transcoding an encoded moving image encoded according to one standard according to a different standard is also referred to as transcoding.
  • the transcoding device 100 decodes the encoded video that has been encoded at one bit rate according to the MPEG2 standard, and re-encodes at a different bit rate according to the MPEG2 standard.
  • a transcoding device that generates a code motion image.
  • encoded stream an encoded moving image (hereinafter referred to as “encoded stream”) encoded according to the MPEG2 standard will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • each GOP of an encoded stream encoded in accordance with the MPEG2 standard has a continuous picture power.
  • I picture There are three types of pictures: I picture, P picture, and B picture.
  • An I picture is a picture that can be played independently, and is always included in one GOP. Here, 10 I-pictures are shown.
  • a P picture is a picture that is reproduced using a difference between the preceding I picture or P picture power. Therefore, when decoding a P picture, it is necessary to decode with reference to the preceding I picture or P picture.
  • five P pictures are shown: Pl referring to 10, P4 referring to PI, P7 referring to P4, P10 referring to P7, and P13 referring to P10.
  • a B picture is a picture that is played back using a difference from the preceding or following I picture or P picture. Therefore, when decoding a B picture, it is necessary to decode it with reference to the preceding and following I or P pictures.
  • B2 and B3 refer to 10 and P1
  • B5 and B6 refer to 10 and P4
  • B8 and B9 refer to 10 and P7
  • B11 and B12 refer to 10 and P10
  • 10 And 10 pictures of B14 and B15 referring to P13.
  • each picture 10 includes a start code 11 and a picture header 12 at the head, and is followed by a slice to be decoded.
  • the start code 11 is an identifier indicating a break between pictures.
  • the picture header 12 is an identifier for identifying whether the picture is a power picture, a P picture, or a B picture.
  • the slice 13 is a data structure obtained by further fragmenting the picture 10, and is decoded at the slice layer.
  • the transcoding device 100 includes a storage unit 101, a stream unit 102, an image conversion unit # 1 (103A), an image conversion unit # 2 (103B), and an image conversion unit # 3 (103C). It has.
  • the storage unit 101 is an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) having a function of recording data, and stores an encoded stream encoded at a bit rate of 8 Mbps (Mega Bits Per Second) in accordance with the MPEG2 standard. is there. Also, the encoded stream transcoded by the stream device 102 is stored.
  • HDD Hard Disk Drive
  • 8 Mbps Mega Bits Per Second
  • the stream unit 102 includes a stream analysis unit 102a, a stream combination unit 102b, and a control unit 102c.
  • the stream analysis unit 102a inputs an encoded stream from the storage unit 101 via the input bus, refers to the picture header of each picture with respect to the input encoded stream, and sets the picture type, GOP delimiter, and It has a function to analyze.
  • the stream combining unit 102b generates a single encoded stream by combining the encoded stream pieces generated by the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C) respectively transcoding. It has the function to do.
  • the control unit 102c assigns decoding of each of the plurality of pictures to any of the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C), and performs image conversion via the control bus. Enter the allocation information in parts # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C) It has a function. Further, it has a function of sending a stream from the storage unit 101 to the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C) via the input stream bus.
  • control unit 102c collects B pictures that refer to the same I picture and P picture together, and refers to the grouped B picture groups and the decoding of these B picture groups. All the I pictures and P pictures that must be assigned are assigned to each image conversion unit 103.
  • the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C) are assigned to their own from the encoded stream input from the storage unit 101 via the incoming stream node based on the assignment of the control unit 102c. It has a function to decode and re-encode the B picture, I picture, and P picture.
  • each of the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C) includes an input stream buffer 103a, a decoder 103b, a frame memory 103c, an encoder 103d, an output stream buffer 103e, and a controller 103f. Is provided.
  • the input stream buffer 103a has a function of buffering an 8 Mbps encoded stream input from the storage unit 101 via the input stream node.
  • the decoder 103b has a function of reading and decoding the encoded stream buffered in the input stream buffer 103a and writing the decoded moving image in the frame memory 103c.
  • the encoder 103d has a function of reading a moving image written in the frame memory 103c, encoding it at 4 Mbps according to the MPEG2 standard, and writing the encoded stream into the output stream buffer 103e.
  • the encoded stream written in the output stream buffer 103e is sent to the storage unit 101 via the output stream bus.
  • the controller 103f has a function of managing input / output of an encoded stream by controlling the input stream buffer 103a, the decoder 103b, the frame memory 103c, the encoder 103d, and the output stream buffer 103e.
  • the controller 103f based on the control information from the control unit 102c, Function to instruct the decoder 103b to decode the specific B picture specified in the stream's central control information and all the I and P pictures required to decode the specific B picture.
  • step S100 when an encoded stream is input from storage section 101 to the stream apparatus (step S100), first, stream analysis section 102a performs each picture of the encoded stream.
  • the start code is searched (step S101). When the start code looks strong (S101: YES), if the subsequent stream is a picture header, the stream analysis unit 102a reads identification information (picture_coding_type) indicating the picture type included in the picture header. (Step S102), I picture, P picture, or B picture is discriminated and the result is notified to the control unit 102c. If GOP header is detected, it is judged that the GOP has moved to a new GOP. This is notified (step S1 03).
  • Steps S100 to S103 are repeated until the discrimination of the picture type is completed for all pictures (step S104).
  • control unit 102c grasps the picture type and GOP delimiter of all pictures.
  • control unit 102c collects a plurality of B pictures referring to the same I picture and P picture based on the determination results in steps S100 to S104 shown in FIG. Are assigned to the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C), respectively.
  • B2 and B3 are grouped together and assigned to image conversion unit # 1 (103A) together with 10 and P1 that must be referenced.
  • B5 and B6 are collectively assigned to P1 and P4 that must be referred to, and 10 that P1 refers to, and assigned to the image conversion unit # 2 (103B).
  • B8 and B9 are collectively assigned to image conversion unit # 3 (103C) together with P4 and P7 that must be referred to, P1 that P4 refers to, and 10 that P1 refers to.
  • B14 and B15 are collectively assigned to the image conversion unit # 2 (103B) together with P10 and P13 that must be referred to and P7 that P10 refers to.
  • B17 and B18 are collectively assigned to the image conversion unit # 3 (103C) together with P13 and P16 that must be referred to and P10 referred to by P13.
  • B pictures are sequentially assigned to the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C).
  • the image conversion unit # 1 (103A) has 10, 10, Pl, B2, B3, assigned to itself from among the encoded streams input from the storage unit 101 via the input stream bus.
  • P4, P7, P10, Bl1, B12, P13... are sequentially decoded by the decoder 103b.
  • the image conversion unit # 1 uses the encoder 103d to sequentially encode each picture with the picture power after decoding.
  • the image conversion unit # 2 (103B) sequentially decodes 10 / Pl, P4, B5, B6, P7, P10, P13, B14, ⁇ 15,.
  • the image conversion unit # 2 uses the encoder 103d to sequentially encode each picture with the picture power after decoding.
  • Image conversion unit # 3 sequentially decodes 10, Pl, P4, P7, B8, B9, P10, P13, P16, B17, ⁇ 18,. Go.
  • image conversion unit # 3 (103C) decodes each picture by encoder 103d.
  • the stream combination unit 102b combines the transcoded encoded stream pieces, and 1 One encoding storm is stored in the storage unit 101.
  • the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C) have different B pictures, and transcoding all the I and P pictures required for decoding the B pictures. Transcoding can be performed by distributed processing while maintaining the interdependence of I, P, and B pictures.
  • the encoded stream can be transcoded at high speed.
  • the transfer bit rate You can use a small network configuration, or use a high-speed bus on the same board or a bus on the same chip! /.
  • the stream analysis unit 102b designates only the assignment to each image conversion unit # 1 (103A) to # 3 (10 3C), and each image conversion unit # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C)
  • the second embodiment only the stream to be transcoded is included in the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C). Is different in that it is supplied.
  • control unit 102c assigns decoding of each of a plurality of pictures to any one of the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C) based on the analysis result of the stream analysis unit 102b.
  • the stream in the storage unit 101 is divided according to the allocation, and the divided pictures are sent to the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C) according to the allocation.
  • the allocation referred to here is a group of B pictures that collectively refer to the B pictures that refer to the same I picture and P picture, All I pictures and P pictures that must be referred to when decoding these B pictures are assigned to the image converter 103.
  • the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C) have a function of decoding pictures sent via the input stream bus.
  • transcoding apparatus 100 Next, the operation of transcoding apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 2 will be described. Note that the picture analysis process is the same as the process described in the first embodiment based on FIG. 5, and thus the description thereof will be omitted. The transcoding operation will be described below.
  • B2 and B3 are collectively sent to the image conversion unit # 1 (103A) together with 10 and P1 that must be referred to.
  • B5 and B6 are collectively sent to image conversion unit # 2 (103B) together with P1 and P4 that must be referred to, and 10 that P1 refers to.
  • B8 and B9 are collected and sent to the image conversion unit # 3 (103C) together with P4 and P7 that must be referenced, P1 that P4 refers to, and 10 that P1 refers to.
  • B17 and B18 are collected and sent to the image conversion unit # 3 (103C) together with P13 and P16 that must be referred to and P10 referred to by P13.
  • B pictures are assigned sequentially to image converters # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C), and the assigned B picture and the I picture and B picture referenced by the B picture are transmitted. .
  • the image conversion unit # 1 (103A) converts the 10, Pl, B2, B3, P4, P7, P10, Bl1, B12, P13,... Received via the input stream bus into the decoder 103b. Decode sequentially.
  • the image conversion word # 2 (103B) sequentially decodes the received 10, Pl, P4, B5, B6, P7, P10, P13, B14, ⁇ 15... By the decoder 103b.
  • Image conversion ⁇ # 3 (103C) sequentially decodes received 10, Pl, P4, P7, B8, B9, P10, P13, P16, B17, ⁇ 18 ⁇ by decoder 103b. Go.
  • Each image conversion unit # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C) encodes the picture with the encoder 103d in parallel with the decoding, and when transcoding is completed, the encoded stream fragment is converted into a stream combination unit.
  • the combination in 102b and the storage in the storage unit 101 are the same as in the first embodiment.
  • the stream is divided and each image conversion unit # 1 (103A) to
  • the picture (B picture, I picture, and P picture) to be transcoded by # 3 (103C) is sent in advance to each image conversion unit # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C).
  • each image conversion unit # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C) can simply decode the received picture, and each image conversion unit # 1 (103A) to # 3 ( The amount of input / output data between 103C) and the stream unit 102 can be reduced.
  • Embodiment 3 will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • each image conversion unit 103 in units of pictures.
  • an I picture or P picture in another adjacent GOP is also referred to. The difference is that each image conversion unit 103 is assigned in units of open GOP pictures.
  • the encoded stream includes a plurality of GOPs (GOP0, GOPl, GOP2, GOP3, GOP4-..., And each GOP includes at least one I picture and a plurality of B pictures. It is out.
  • Each GOP refers to an I picture or P picture in another neighboring GOP as well as referring to an I picture and P picture in the GOP.
  • GOP0 contains a Pl referring to 10, 10 and B2 and B3 referring to 10 and PI.
  • GOP1 includes one sheet 14, and B5 and B6 referring to 14 and P1 in GOP0.
  • GOP2 includes B8 and B9 that refer to a single 17 and 17 and 14 in GOP1.
  • GOP3 includes B11 and B12 which refer to one 110, and 110 and 17 in GOP2.
  • GOP4 includes B113 and B15 that refer to a single 113, and 113 and 110 in GOP3.
  • GOPs that have interdependencies among multiple GOPs between I-pictures, P-pictures, and B-pictures are called open GOPs.
  • control unit 102c based on the result of analysis by the stream analysis unit 102a, and a GOP and an I picture and a P picture in another adjacent GOP that must be referred to when decoding the GOP. Is assigned to each image conversion unit 103.
  • the control unit 102c collects a plurality of B pictures included in the same GOP based on the determination result in steps S100 to S104 shown in FIG. 5, and refers to each B picture.
  • B5 and B6 in GOP1 are collectively assigned to image conversion unit # 2 (103B) together with 14 in GOP1 and P1 in GOP0 that must be referenced, and 10 that P1 refers to.
  • B8 and B9 in GOP2 are collectively assigned to image conversion unit # 3 (103C) together with 17 in GOP2 and 14 in GOP1 that must be referred to.
  • B14 and B15 in GOP4 are collectively assigned to image conversion unit # 2 (103B) together with 113 in GOP4 and 110 in GOP3 to be referred to.
  • B17 and B18 in GOP5 are collectively assigned to image conversion unit # 3 (103C) together with 116 in GOP5 and 113 in GOP4 to be referred to.
  • B pictures are sequentially assigned to the image conversion units # 1 (103A) to # 3 (103C).
  • the image conversion unit # 1 (103A) is assigned with 10, 10, Pl, B2 from the encoded stream input from the storage unit 101 via the input stream bus. , B3, 17, 110, Bl1, ⁇ 12,... Are sequentially decoded by the decoder 103b.
  • the image conversion unit # 1 uses the encoder 103d to sequentially code each picture with the decoded picture power.
  • the image conversion unit # 2 (103B) is assigned with 10, 10, Pl, 14, B, from the encoded stream input from the storage unit 101 via the input stream bus. 5, B6, 110, 113, ⁇ 14, ⁇ 15 ... are sequentially decoded by the decoder 103b.
  • the image conversion unit # 2 (103B) uses the encoder 103d to convert each picture into a picture power code after decoding.
  • the image conversion unit # 3 (103C) is assigned with its own unit among the encoded streams input from the storage unit 101 via the input stream bus 14, 17, B8, B 9, 113, 116, ⁇ 17, ⁇ 18 ⁇ are sequentially decoded by the decoder 103b.
  • the image conversion unit # 3 uses the encoder 103d to sequentially encode each picture with the picture power after decoding.
  • the stream combination unit 102b combines the transcoded encoded stream pieces, and 1 One encoded stream is stored in the storage unit 101.
  • the image conversion units # 1 (103B) to # 3 (103C) have different B pictures across multiple GOPs and all I pictures included in adjacent GOPs necessary for decoding the B pictures.
  • transcoding and P pictures transcoding can be performed by distributed processing while maintaining the interdependence of I pictures, P pictures, and B pictures across GOPs.
  • an encoded stream including an open GOP can be transcoded at high speed.
  • Embodiment 4 will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the transcoding apparatus transcodes the encoded stream encoded according to the MPEG2 standard.
  • the encoded stream encoded according to the MPEG2 standard is simply decoded and output. It differs in that it is a decoding device.
  • the decoding device 200 includes a storage unit 201, a stream unit 202, an image decoding unit #
  • the storage unit 201 has the same configuration as that of the storage unit 101 shown in the first embodiment, and stores an encoded stream encoded at a bit rate of 8 Mbps according to the MPEG2 standard.
  • the stream unit 202 includes a stream analysis unit 202a and a control unit 202b.
  • the stream analysis unit 202a has the same configuration as the stream analysis unit 102a shown in the first embodiment, and refers to the picture header of each picture with respect to the input encoded stream, the type of the picture, the GOP delimiter, and It has a function to analyze.
  • the control unit 202b has the same configuration as that of the control unit 102bc shown in the first embodiment.
  • the B pictures that refer to the same I picture and P picture are grouped together, and this group of B pictures is grouped. And a function of allocating all pictures and P pictures, which must be referred to when decoding these B picture groups, to each image decoding unit 203.
  • the image decoding units # 1 (103 8) to # 2 (103) decode the encoded stream input from the storage unit 101 via the input stream node based on the assignment of the control unit 202, and the image switching unit 204 It has a function to send to.
  • each of the image decoding units # 1 (103 8) to # 2 (103) includes an input stream buffer 203a, a decoder 203b, a frame memory 203c, an output image buffer 203d, and a controller 203e.
  • the input stream buffer 203a has a function of buffering an 8 Mbps encoded stream input from the storage unit 101 via the input stream bus.
  • the decoder 203b has a function of reading and decoding the encoded stream buffered in the input stream buffer 203a, and writing the decoded moving image to the frame memory 203c.
  • the output image buffer 203d has a function of receiving the moving image written in the frame memory 203c and sending it to the image switching unit 204.
  • the controller 203f has a function of controlling the input stream buffer 203a, the decoder 203b, the frame memory 203c, and the output image buffer 203d to manage input / output of the encoded stream and the moving image of the decoding result.
  • control unit 202b collects a plurality of B pictures that refer to the same I picture and P picture together based on the determination result in steps S100 to S104 shown in FIG. Assign to # 1 (103A) to # 2 (103B).
  • B2 and B3 are collectively assigned to image decoding unit # 1 (103A) together with 10 and P1 that must be referred to.
  • B5 and B6 are collectively assigned to the image decoding unit # 2 (103B) together with P1 and P4 that must be referred to, and 10 that P1 refers to.
  • B11 and B12 are collectively assigned to image decoding unit # 2 (103B) together with P7 and P10 that must be referred to.
  • the image decoding unit # 1 (103A) is assigned to itself from among the encoded streams input from the storage unit 101 via the input stream bus 10, Pl, B2, B3, P4, P7, B8, ⁇ 9... Are sequentially decoded by the decoder 103b.
  • the image decoding unit # 2 (103B) is assigned with 10, 10, Pl, P4, B5 from the encoded stream input from the storage unit 101 via the input stream bus. , B6, P7, P10, Bl1, B12,... Are sequentially decoded by the decoder 103b.
  • the decoded moving images are alternately switched by the image switching unit 204 and sent to the display unit 205 to be displayed on the display unit. In 205, it is displayed as one moving image.
  • the image decoding units # 1 (103 8) to # 2 (103) each decode different B pictures and all I pictures and P pictures necessary for decoding the B pictures.
  • decoding can be performed by distributed processing while maintaining the interdependence of I picture, P picture, and B picture.
  • the encoded stream can be decoded and output at high speed.
  • Embodiment 5 will be described with reference to FIGS.
  • the configuration shown in the first to fourth embodiments is applied to a coding apparatus. That is, the fifth embodiment is different in that it is a coding device that performs coding of moving images by distributed processing.
  • a configuration of the sign key device 300 according to the fifth embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
  • the encoding device 300 includes a storage unit 301, a stream unit 302, an image encoding unit # 1 (303A), an image encoding unit # 2 (303B), and a camera imaging unit 304.
  • Prepare for The storage unit 301 has the same configuration as that of the storage unit 101 shown in the first embodiment, and stores the encoded stream encoded by the image encoding unit 303.
  • the stream unit 302 includes a stream combining unit 302a and a control unit 302b.
  • the stream combining unit 202a has a function of generating one encoded stream by combining the encoded stream pieces encoded by the image encoding units # 1 (303A) to # 2 (303B).
  • the control unit 302b encodes each moving image signal obtained by the camera imaging unit 304 based on the MPEG2 standard picture structure (I picture, P picture, B picture). It has a function of assigning the B picture to the image encoding units # 1 (303A) to # 2 (303B). Specifically, a plurality of B pictures that refer to the same I picture and P picture are grouped together, and the group of B pictures grouped together with all of the B picture group codes that must be referred to. The I picture and P picture are assigned to each image code key section 303.
  • the image encoding unit # 1 (103 8) to # 2 (103) encodes the moving image input from the power imaging unit 304 in accordance with the MPEG2 standard and inputs it. It has a function of sending to the stream coupling unit 302a via the bus.
  • the camera imaging unit 304 is a camera having an imaging unit that also has a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) element force, for example.
  • CCD Charge Coupled Device
  • each of the image code sections # 1 (303 8) to # 2 (303) includes an input image buffer 303a, an encoder 303b, a frame memory 303c, an output stream buffer 303d, and a controller 303e. Prepare.
  • the input image buffer 303a has a function of buffering a moving image signal input from the camera imaging unit 304 via the input image bus.
  • the encoder 303b has a function of reading out the moving image buffered in the input image buffer 303a, encoding it according to the MPEG2 standard, and writing the encoded stream into the frame memory 303c.
  • the output stream buffer 303d is a coded stream written in the frame memory 303c. A function of reading a program and sending it to the storage unit 301.
  • the controller 303f has a function of managing input / output of moving image signals and encoded streams by controlling the input image buffer 303a, the encoder 303b, the frame memory 303c, and the output stream buffer 303d.
  • control section 302b collects a plurality of B pictures that refer to the same I picture and P picture, and sends them to image coding sections # 1 (303A) to # 2 (303B), respectively. assign.
  • B2 and B3 are grouped together and assigned to image coding unit # 1 (303A) together with 10 and P1 that must be referenced.
  • B5 and B6 are collectively assigned to P1 and P4 which must be referred to, and further to 10 referred to by P1, and assigned to image code key # 2 (303B).
  • B11 and B12 are collectively assigned to the image encoding unit # 2 (303B) together with P7 and P10 that must be referred to.
  • the image encoding unit # 1 (303A) is assigned with the I allocated to the own unit from the encoded streams input from the storage unit 101 via the input stream bus.
  • the image encoding unit # 2 (303B), based on the assignment, stores the storage unit 10 via the input image bus.
  • the encoded encoded stream force S is combined by the S stream combining unit 302a.
  • image code key sections # 1 (303 8) to # 2 (303) are different B pictures, and all I pictures and P pictures necessary for the B picture code key.
  • By encoding it is possible to perform encoding by distributed processing while maintaining the interdependence of I picture, P picture, and B picture.
  • the moving picture can be MPEG-coded at high speed.
  • the decoding device that performs transcoding based on Embodiments 1 to 3 has been described above, the decoding device that performs decoding based on Embodiment 4, and the encoding device that performs encoding based on Embodiment 5 has been described.
  • the present invention is not limited to the configuration shown in the above embodiment, and can be modified as follows.
  • the stream analysis unit 102b has been described by taking an example in which the picture type is determined for all pictures.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and is necessary for determining the allocation. Try to determine the number of picture types.
  • the stream analysis unit 102b designates only the picture assignment to each image decoding unit # 1 (203A) to # 3 (2 03C), and each image decoding unit # 1 (203A) to # 3 (203 C) has been described with an example of selectively decoding a specified picture, but the stream analysis unit 102b is not limited to this.
  • the stream is divided and sent to each image decoding unit # 1 (203A) to # 3 (203C), and each image decoding unit # 1 (203A) to # 3 (203C) decodes the divided stream pieces. Please do it.
  • the transcoding apparatus 100 includes the three image conversion units 103.
  • the number of the image conversion units 103 is not limited to this and may be arbitrarily determined. .
  • FIG. 15 shows two image conversion units 103 (image conversion units # 1 (103 8) to # 2 (103 ) Shows the processing when it is reduced.
  • the number of encoding units 303 ⁇ may be determined arbitrarily.
  • Embodiments 1 to 5 have been described by taking the encoded stream conforming to the MPEG2 standard as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. That is, a picture that is coded within an frame, a picture that is coded with reference to another frame and that is also referred to itself, and that is coded with reference to another frame and is not referred to itself.
  • the present invention is applicable to any standard that handles pictures that have a mutually dependent relationship with pictures.
  • Embodiments 1 to 5 the configuration of the storage units 101, 201, and 301 is described as an example of an HDD. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Reading from RAM (Random Access Memory) or the like Z writing Any storage device can be used.
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • Embodiments 1 to 3 the power described in the example of transcoding a 4 bit stream encoded in accordance with the MPEG2 standard at 4 Mbps according to the same standard. It is only an illustration and is not limited to this.
  • the stream analysis unit 202a refers to the GOP header included in the GOP layer and analyzes the GOP delimiter for each picture for the input encoded stream.
  • the GOP delimiter may be analyzed by referring to the picture header.
  • the force of including the display unit 205 in the configuration of the decoding device 200 is not limited to this.
  • the video decoded by the image decoding units # 1 (203 8) to # 2 (203) can be output, an interface is provided in place of the display unit 205, and an arbitrary external unit is provided via this interface. It may be connected to an output device such as a display device.
  • the force of including the camera imaging unit 304 in the configuration of the encoding device 300 is not limited to this.
  • an interface is provided instead of the camera imaging unit 304, and this interface is used. It may be connected to a moving image acquisition device such as an optional digital camera via the outside.
  • the decoding device is a useful technique in that it can decode an MPEG-encoded moving image at high speed.
  • the encoding device according to the present invention is a useful technique in that a moving image can be MPEG encoded at high speed.

Abstract

Une partie commande (102c) affecte une pluralité d'images B, qui fait référence aux mêmes images I et P, aux images respectives des parties de conversion d'image n°1 à n°3 (103A-103C) à la fois, dont chacune transcode de façon séquentielle, sur la base de l'affectation, l'image B affectée et l'ensemble des images I et P, qui sont requises pour le décodage de cette image B, parmi les flots encodés reçus depuis la partie de stockage (101) par l'intermédiaire d'un bus de flot en entrée.
PCT/JP2007/054830 2006-04-21 2007-03-12 Appareil de transcodage, appareil de décodage et appareil d'encodage WO2007122898A1 (fr)

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Citations (1)

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