WO2007118361A1

WO2007118361A1 - Self-protective lead-acid battery and method for making the same

Info

Publication number: WO2007118361A1
Application number: PCT/CN2006/000714
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hai Zhou
Original assignee: Hai Zhou
Priority date: 2006-04-18
Filing date: 2006-04-18
Publication date: 2007-10-25

Abstract

An method for making self-protective lead-acid battery and a lead-acid battery made by the method, the method including the following steps: (1) a positive electrode plate grid, a separator and a negative electrode plate grid are provided in the different electrode plate chambers within a case in turn respectively, and the negative electrode plate grid in the previous electrode plate chamber is connected electrically with the positive electrode plate grid in the subsequent electrode plate chamber so as to be in series each other; (2) shunt circuit is paralleled at least between the positive electrode plate grid and negative electrode plate grid in each electrode plate chamber, which is used to shunt the circuit of the positive electrode plate grid and the negative electrode plate grid, so that when the voltage between the positive electrode plate grid and the negative electrode plate grid is charged to setting value or be closed to setting value, the charging of the positive electrode plate grid and negative electrode plate grid is weaken or stopped, so charging current of the lead-acid battery is shunt mainly or completely into the shunt circuit.. By employing the invention, single pair or multi-pair of positive and negative electrode plate grid is overcharged or charged insufficiently during charge, so that the lifespan of the lead-acid battery is improve greatly.

Description

Self-protecting lead-acid battery and manufacturing method thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to lead acid batteries and their manufacturing techniques. Background technique

Lead-acid batteries have been in the process for more than a century. Due to their continuous power capability, they have been widely used as power sources for various industries such as automobiles and ships.

The grid is an important part of lead-acid batteries. The grid consists of positive and negative grids. Its role in lead-acid batteries is mainly to support active substances. Usually, a packaged lead-acid battery is often formed by connecting a plurality of pairs or even dozens of positive and negative grids coated with an active material in series. Due to the complicated manufacturing process of the grid and coated active material of the lead-acid battery (for example, the curing and drying processes have very strict process requirements for humidity and temperature control), it is difficult to ensure the positive and negative electrodes inside the lead-acid battery. The consistency of the grids results in certain differences in capacity and internal resistance between the positive and negative plates of the lead-acid batteries. Due to the existence of such differences, such as: a small pair of positive and negative plates between the small capacity or high internal resistance, when charging the lead-acid battery, the voltage of the positive and negative grids will inevitably The voltage is too high, so that the adjacent positive and negative grid pairs reach the limiting voltage in advance. If not limited, the voltage will continue to rise, resulting in overcharging, and overcharging will cause a sudden increase in temperature, gassing. Adding too much water and losing water (electrolyte loss) may cause deformation of the positive and negative grids on the one hand, and lower capacity on the other hand. After repeated cycles, the rate of water loss is accelerated, and a vicious cycle will occur during the cycle charging process. As a result, the positive and negative grids are damaged in advance due to excessive water loss, which in turn leads to the adjacent positive and negative grid pairs. Overcharge caused damage due to heat loss, loss of water, etc., which eventually led to the destruction of the entire lead-acid battery.

Due to the above reasons, the service life of the entire lead-acid battery is greatly shortened! Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a self-protection capable of preventing overcharge or undercharge when charging positive and negative grids inside a lead-acid battery, thereby improving the service life of the lead-acid battery.

1

Confirmation Lead acid battery and its making method.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A method for manufacturing a self-protecting lead-acid battery, comprising the following steps:

(1) A positive grid, a separator and a negative grid are respectively arranged in different plate slots in the housing, and the anode grid in the previous plate slot is electrically connected to the positive plate in the first plate slot The grids are connected to each other in series;

(2) paralleling at least one bypass circuit between the positive and negative grids in each of the plate slots for shunting the positive and negative grids during charging, such that between the pair of positive and negative grids When the voltage is charged to near or reach a set value, the charging of the pair of positive and negative grids is reduced or stopped, so that the charging current of the lead-acid battery flows mainly or completely from the bypass circuit;

A self-protecting lead-acid battery includes a casing and a plurality of plate slots disposed in the casing, and a positive grid, a separator and a negative grid are respectively disposed in different plate slots in the casing, each pole The positive grid and the negative grid in the slot form a pair of positive and negative grids, and the anode grid in the first plate slot is electrically connected to the positive grid in the first plate slot to form a series connection with each other , at least between each pair of positive and negative grids, a bypass circuit for shunting the positive and negative grids during charging, so that when the voltage between the pair of positive and negative grids is charged to near or When a set value is reached, the charging of the pair of positive and negative grids is reduced or stopped, so that the charging current of the lead-acid battery flows mainly or completely from the bypass circuit.

Further, the bypass circuit includes a shunt element and a switch module, and the switch module is turned on when the parallel voltage exceeds a set value, and the shunt element is connected to the circuit.

Further, the switch module includes a controlled switch circuit and a voltage setting circuit, and the switch end of the controlled switch circuit is connected in series with the shunt element and connected between the positive and negative grids, and the control end of the controlled switch circuit The voltage setting circuit is connected such that when the voltage across the voltage setting circuit exceeds its set value, the controlled switching circuit is turned on by the control.

Further, the controlled switch circuit comprises a plurality of connected three-terminal switch tubes, wherein each switch tube is connected to the control end of the next-stage switch tube by one switch end, and the other switch end is connected to the circuit to form a loop; The control end of the first stage switch tube is used as the control terminal of the controlled switch circuit to be connected to the voltage setting circuit, and the switch end of the last stage switch tube is used as the switch of the controlled switch circuit. End.

Further, the voltage setting circuit includes a Zener diode and a current limiting resistor connected in series, and when the Zener diode breaks down, the current flowing into the control terminal increases as the voltage increases.

Further, the bypass circuit is packaged in a plastic packaging process to form a module and then fixed in the housing.

Further, the housing includes an upper cover having an interlayer, and the bypass circuits are fixed in the interlayer of the upper cover.

With the above solution, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

1. By paralleling at least between each pair of positive and negative grids, a bypass circuit for shunting the positive and negative grids during charging, so that the voltage between the pair of positive and negative grids is charged to When the set value is approached or reached, the charging of the positive and negative grids is reduced to cause the charging current of the lead-acid battery to flow from the bypass circuit. It effectively prevents overcharging or undercharging during charging due to inconsistencies in the manufacturing process of the grids inside the lead-acid battery. Even if there is an inconsistency in the manufacturing process of one or several positive and negative grid pairs inside the lead-acid battery, there will be no problem of accelerated deterioration due to the timely protection of the bypass circuit, thereby greatly improving the lead as a whole. The life of the acid battery.

2. The bypass circuit is mainly composed of a shunt component and a switch module. In particular, the switch module is mainly composed of a controlled switch circuit and a voltage setting circuit. The switch end of the controlled switch circuit is connected in series with the shunt component and connected to the positive and negative plates. Between the gates, the control terminal of the controlled switch circuit is connected to the voltage setting circuit so that when the voltage across the voltage setting circuit exceeds its set value, the controlled switch circuit is controlled to be turned on by the control terminal, and the structure is simple. , Economical and practical.

3. By setting a Zener diode with a suitable breakdown voltage, the entire circuit can be disabled when the voltage does not reach the breakdown voltage, thereby achieving zero power consumption of the entire bypass circuit.

In summary, by providing a bypass circuit inside the lead-acid battery, the normal use cycle life of the battery can be greatly prolonged, resources are saved, waste is reduced, and environmental protection benefits and social benefits are high. Moreover, the structure of the invention is simple, ingenious, low in cost, and extremely practical. DRAWINGS

The invention will now be described in further detail by means of specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figure la is a schematic view of the structure of a self-protecting lead-acid battery.

Figure lb is a schematic view of the cover structure of the self-protected lead-acid battery of Figure la.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an implementation circuit of the circuit in the side of Figure la.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of another implementation circuit of the circuit in the side of Figure la. detailed description

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a self-protecting lead-acid battery includes a casing 1 in which a plurality of battery cells 7 are disposed, and each of the battery cells 7 is provided with a pole for containing an electrolyte. The plate groove 8, the positive grid 2, the separator 9 and the negative grid 3 are composed. The positive grid 6 has a positive terminal 6 and the negative grid 3 has a negative terminal 4, and the separator 9 is disposed between the positive grid 2 and the negative grid 3, and the positive grid in each of the plates 8 2 and the negative grid 3 constitute a positive and negative grid pair. The negative pole terminal of the pair of positive and negative grid pairs is electrically connected to the positive poles of the pair of positive and negative grid pairs, and sequentially connected to form a tandem acid battery in series. A bypass circuit 5 for shunting the positive and negative grid pairs (2, 3) during charging is connected in parallel between the positive terminals (6, 4) of each pair of positive and negative grid pairs, such that When the voltage between the positive and negative grids is charged to near or reach a set value, the charging of the pair of positive and negative grids is reduced or stopped, and the charging current of the lead-acid battery flows through the bypass circuit 5. .

The bypass circuit 5 includes a resistor R4 and a switch module that function as a shunt element. The switch module comprises a cascade controlled switch circuit composed of transistors Q1, Q2; a voltage setting circuit formed by a series connection resistor R1, R2, Wl and a Zener diode AZ1; and a capacitor Cl. The resistor W1 is an adjustable sliding rheostat.

The switching end of the transistor Q2 is used as the switching terminal series resistor R4 of the controlled switching circuit, and the conduction and cut-off control resistor R4 of the transistor Q2 is connected to the circuit to shunt the corresponding positive and negative grid pair (2, 3), Q2 The state of the control is controlled by its upper switch Q1, and the control terminal is connected to the voltage setting circuit as the control terminal of the controlled switch circuit. The purpose of the two-stage switching tube control is to improve the accuracy of the circuit control. In principle, only one switching tube or a plurality of cascade switching tubes can be used for control, but the single-stage control precision is not high enough, and the number of stages is not high. Too much will lead to circuit complexity, increased cost, and no significant effect on control accuracy. The voltage setting circuit is connected in parallel with the positive and negative grid pairs (2, 3), which are composed of R2, W1, AZ1 and R1 connected in series, and the control terminal of Q1 is connected between W1 and AZ1. When the charging voltage is higher than the reverse breakdown voltage of AZ1, AZ1 is turned on, and the current is flowing through the control terminal of Q1. As the parallel voltage increases, the control current of Q1 is continuously enhanced. When a certain intensity is reached, Q1 is turned on. . The relationship between the rise of the shunt voltage and the base current of Q1 is determined by the resistance of the current limiting resistor. Therefore, the shunt voltage of the lead-acid battery can be changed by adjusting the sliding varistor W1. Of course, if it is determined that only a unique shunt voltage value is required, the sliding resistor varistor W1 can be replaced with a normal resistor. In addition, AZ1 is connected in series with a diode D3 in the same direction as the parallel voltage to prevent parameter drift caused by temperature (if the drift is not large or not)

In addition, in order to improve the stability of the circuit, it is also added to set a capacitor C1 in parallel between the corresponding positive and negative grid pairs (2, 3).

As shown in FIG. 1b, in order to prevent the influence of the electrolyte on the bypass circuit 5, the cover 10 of the casing 1 is formed into a two-layer structure having the interlayer 11, and the respective bypass circuits 5 are fixed to the interlayer 11 of the cover 10. Further, the cover plate 10 is provided with a liquid injection hole 12 and a wire introduction hole 13 of each bypass circuit 5.

Self-protecting lead-acid battery manufacturing method - self-protecting lead-acid battery manufacturing method, including the following steps:

(1) A positive grid 2, a separator 9 and a negative grid 3 are respectively disposed in different plate grooves S in the casing 1, and the positive grid 2 is coated with a positive active material, and the negative grid 3 is coated with a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode grids in the first plate groove are electrically connected to the positive electrode grids in the first plate groove to form a series connection with each other;

(2) a bypass circuit shown in FIG. 2 for shunting the positive and negative grids during charging in parallel between the positive and negative grid pairs (2, 3) in each of the plate slots When the voltage between each pair of positive and negative grid pairs (2, 3) is charged to near or reach a set value, the bypass circuit performs shunting.

(3) All of the above bypass circuits 5 are packaged in a plastic sealing process to form a module, and then fixed in the interlayer 11 of the cover 10.

Working process: Assume that the limiting voltage of a pair of positive and negative plates is 2.3V, Zener diode AZ1 The breakdown voltage is 2.3 V. When the voltage is lower than 2.3 V, the balance circuit is not turned on, and the bypass circuit as a whole has zero power consumption. By adjusting the resistance of W1 to overcome the difference of the AZ1 parameter of the Zener diode, Q2 starts to conduct when the parallel voltage is 2.3V, and the current is shunted through the R4 bypass to reduce the charging between the pair of positive and negative plates. Current. At the same time, after shunting, it does not affect the normal charging between adjacent positive and negative plates. Until the entire positive and negative grids in the lead-acid battery are charged to the set value, the charging is stopped, the problem of overcharging and undercharging is completely eliminated, thereby improving the service life of the lead-acid battery as a whole.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another implementation circuit of the bypass circuit 5. The circuit of FIG. 3 differs from the circuit of FIG. 2 in that: Q2 in FIG. 2 uses a triode, and Q2 in FIG. 3 uses a field effect transistor instead. In addition, one end of the resistor R3 is connected to the positive grid, and the other end is connected to the gate of Q2 and the collector of Q1, and the other circuits have the same structure. The operation of the circuit of Figure 3 is the same as that of the circuit shown in Figure 2. However, the circuit of the Figure 3 circuit can reduce the Q2 hysteresis conduction problem caused by the Q1 amplification area of the triode to achieve the purpose of fast conduction, so that the Q2 works in the quasi-switching state and improves the control precision.

Claims

Rights request

1. A method for manufacturing a self-protecting lead-acid battery, comprising the steps of:

A positive grid, a separator and a negative grid are respectively arranged in different plate slots in the housing, and the anode grid in the first plate slot is electrically connected to the positive grid in the rear plate slot Mutual connection to each other;

Parallel a circuit for shunting the positive and negative grids during charging at least between the positive and negative grids in each of the plate slots, such that the voltage between the pair of positive and negative grids is charged When the set value is approached or reached, the charging of the pair of positive and negative grids is reduced or stopped, so that the charging current of the lead-acid battery flows mainly or completely from the bypass circuit.

2. The method of fabricating a self-protecting lead-acid battery according to claim 1, wherein: the bypass circuit is packaged in a plastic packaging process to form a module, and then fixed in the housing.

3. A self-protecting lead-acid battery, comprising a casing and a plurality of plate slots disposed in the casing, wherein the positive grid, the separator and the negative grid are respectively arranged in different plate slots in the casing, each pole The positive grid and the negative grid in the slot form a pair of positive and negative grids, and the anode grid in the first plate slot is electrically connected to the positive grid in the first plate slot to form a series connection with each other The method is characterized in that: at least between each pair of positive and negative grids, a bypass circuit for shunting the positive and negative grids during charging is connected in parallel, so that the voltage between the pair of positive and negative grids When charging to near or reach a set value, the charging of the pair of positive and negative grids is reduced or stopped, so that the charging current of the lead-acid battery flows mainly or completely from the bypass circuit.

The self-protecting lead-acid battery according to claim 3, wherein: the bypass circuit comprises a shunt element and a switch module, and the switch module is turned on when the parallel voltage exceeds a set value, and the shunt element is turned on In the access circuit.

The self-protecting lead-acid battery according to claim 4, wherein: the switch module comprises a controlled switch circuit and a voltage setting circuit, wherein the switch end of the controlled switch circuit is connected in series with the shunt element Connected between the positive and negative grids, the control terminal of the controlled switch circuit is connected to the voltage setting circuit, so that when the voltage across the voltage setting circuit exceeds its set value, the controlled switch is controlled by the control terminal. The circuit is switched on.

6. The self-protecting lead-acid battery according to claim 5, wherein: the controlled switch circuit comprises a plurality of connected three-terminal switch tubes, wherein each switch tube is sequentially connected to the next-stage switch tube by a switch end. The control end, the other switch end is connected to the circuit to form a loop; the control end of the first-stage switch tube is used as the control terminal of the controlled switch circuit to be connected to the voltage setting circuit, and the switch end of the last stage of the switch is used as The switching end of the controlled switching circuit.

7. The self-protecting lead-acid battery according to claim 6, wherein: said voltage setting circuit comprises a series Zener diode and a current limiting resistor, and a current flowing into said control terminal when said Zener diode breaks down It increases as the voltage increases.

The self-protecting lead-acid battery according to claim 3-7, wherein: the bypass circuit is packaged in a plastic packaging process to form a module, and then fixed in the casing. The self-protecting lead-acid battery according to claim 8. The housing is characterized in that: the housing comprises an upper cover having an interlayer, and the bypass circuits are fixed in the interlayer of the upper cover.