WO2007086814A1

WO2007086814A1 - Electric machine for a power plant provided with a medium flow tube

Info

Publication number: WO2007086814A1
Application number: PCT/UA2006/000072
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stanislav Ivanovich Gusak; Sergeiy Nikolaevich Ganselinskiy; Alexander Viktorovich Dementienko
Original assignee: Stanislav Ivanovich Gusak; Ganselinskiy Sergeiy Nikolaevi; Dementienko Alexander Viktorov
Priority date: 2006-01-30
Filing date: 2006-12-11
Publication date: 2007-08-02
Also published as: UA84707C2

Abstract

The invention relates to power engineering, in particular to electric machines for power plants provided with a medium flow tube. The inventive electric machine can be embodied in the form of an electric generator driven by air (gas) or liquid flow and in the form of an electric motor for displacing an air (gas) or liquid flow. In the preferred embodiment, said machine can be used in the form of a synchronous generator , in particular in average, high and very-high power wind stations. The synchronous generator is arranged around the exhaust pipe of the wind power station and comprises a stator and a ring-shaped rotor, which are positioned concentrically with respect to the internal cross-section of the pipe. The diameter of said cross-section coincides with the diameter of the rotor internal cross-section in which blades interacting with the medium flow are arranged. A device for centering the rotor with respect to the stator is located near the opposite surfaces thereof and is embodied in the form of rolling elements, for example balls. In the other variant, the electric machine is provided with at least one second stator and rotor and second blades. The inventive structural design of the electric machine makes it possible to reduce the resistance to a medium flow, to decrease the mass of the rotor provided with blades and to increase the performance factor of the electric machine.

Description

ELECTRIC MACHINE FOR POWER INSTALLATION WITH THE ENVIRONMENT FLOW THROUGH THE PIPE

Technical field

The invention relates to energy, in particular to electrical machines for power plants with a medium flow through a pipe. In this case, the electric machine can be made both in the form of an electric generator driven by a stream of air (gas) or liquid, and in the form of an electric motor for moving a stream of air (gas) or liquid. Preferably, this electric machine can find application in the form of a synchronous generator, in particular in wind farms of medium, large and extra large power.

State of the art

A known electric machine for power plants with a medium flow through a pipe that contains a stator and a rotor, the stator is concentric with the rotor and with the inner cross section of the pipe, and the rotor is ring-shaped with a device for centering it relative to the stator, inside the pipe there are blades connected to the rotor for interaction with the flow of the medium. In this electric machine, made in the form of an electric current generator, the blades are made in the form of blades, and the centering device of the rotor relative to the stator is made in the form of a shaft on which the blades are fixed, wherein the shaft is fixed by means of rolling elements along the axis of the pipe to its walls (RU, U, 339).

This technical solution is selected as a prototype of the claimed invention. The disadvantage of the prototype is a sufficiently large resistance to the flow of medium passing through the blades rotating in the pipe, when the centering device of the rotor relative to the stator in the pipe is located along the axis of rotation of the blades, which reduces the efficiency of an electric machine in a power plant with a medium flow through the pipe.

Another disadvantage of the prototype is the increased mass of the rotor with blades using the shaft of the centering device, which also reduces the efficiency of the electric machine.

Disclosure of invention

The objective of the invention is the creation of such an electric machine for power plants with a medium flow through a pipe, in particular, made in the form of a synchronous generator for a wind power installation, which would reduce the resistance to the flow of the medium passing through the blades rotating in the pipe and, accordingly, increase the efficiency of the electric machine. And also reduce the mass of the rotor with blades.

According to the invention, this problem is solved due to the fact that in an electric machine for power plants with a medium flow through a pipe containing a first stator and a first rotor, with the location of the first stator concentrically with the first rotor and with the inner cross-section of the pipe, the first rotor being ring-shaped with a device for centering it relative to the first stator, the first blades connected to the first rotor for interaction with the medium flow are located inside the pipe, the centering device of the first rotor relative to the first stator is located near their surfaces facing each other, the centering device of the first rotor is made in the form of rolling elements that are located between the facing surfaces of the first rotor and stator. In addition, the surfaces of the first rotor and stator facing each other are made in the form of conical surfaces, in the gap between which the rolling elements of the centering device are located. The centering device of the first rotor is made in the form of rolling elements, which are located between the facing surfaces of the first rotor and stator - from one of their lateral sides. Also, the centering device of the first rotor is made in the form of rolling elements, which are located between the facing surfaces of the first rotor and the stator - from one and the other of their sides. In this case, the rolling elements are located recessed into the surface of the first stator, which faces the first rotor. Also, the rolling elements can be located recessed into the surface of the first rotor, which faces the first stator. In another embodiment, the electric machine comprises at least a second stator and a second rotor and may contain at least second vanes located in the pipe to interact with the flow media that are connected to the respective rotor. And the centering device of the first and second rotors, respectively, relative to the first and second stators, is located near their surfaces facing each other. In addition, the surfaces of the first and second rotors and the first and second stators facing each other are made in the form of at least one pair of conical surfaces, in the gap between which there are rolling elements of the centering device. The centering device is made in the form of rolling elements, which are located between the surfaces of the first rotor and stator facing each other and, respectively, of the second rotor and stator between their lateral sides. The rolling elements can be located recessed in the surface of the first and second stators, respectively, which are facing the surfaces of the first and second rotors, respectively. In tayuke, the rolling elements can be located recessed in the surface of the first and second rotors, respectively, which are facing the surfaces of the first and second stators, respectively. All stators and rotors can be made detachable in their circular ring. At the location of at least the first stator and rotor with blades, the pipe is made narrowed. All blades are fixed with the possibility of their rotation to change their angle of attack.

The location of the centering device of the first rotor relative to the first stator near their surfaces facing each other will reduce the resistance to the flow of medium that passes through the blades rotating in the pipe. This increases the electrical efficiency machines, since almost the entire flow of medium passing through the pipe is in contact only with the working surface of the blades. In addition, this reduces the mass of the rotor with the blades, which also increases the efficiency of the electric machine, in particular when it is performed in the form of a synchronous generator for a wind power installation, because with this embodiment of the centering device there is no shaft in the electric machine.

The implementation of the centering device of the first rotor in the form of rolling elements that are located between the facing surfaces of the first rotor and the stator provides the minimum required mass of the rotor together with the blades, which reduces its inertia and, accordingly, reduces the moment of its starting. It also increases the efficiency of the electric machine.

The execution of the surfaces of the first rotor and the stator facing each other in the form of conical surfaces, in the gap between which the rolling elements of the centering device are located, allows both the radial and longitudinal along the axis of the pipe centering of the rotor relative to the stator, which also reduces the mass of the rotor.

The implementation of the centering device of the first rotor in the form of rolling elements, which are located between facing each other the surfaces of the first rotor and the stator from one and / or the other of their sides provides the ability to perform various versions of this device.

The arrangement of the rolling elements recessed into the surface of the first stator, which faces the first rotor or located recessed into the surface of the first rotor, which is facing the first stator, allows you to provide the minimum necessary clearance between the rotor and the stator.

The implementation in one embodiment of an electric machine with at least a second stator and rotor and, accordingly, second blades, which are connected to the corresponding rotor, increases the output power of the electric machine.

The location of the centering device of the first and second rotors, relative to the corresponding first and second stators, near their surfaces facing each other, also reduces the resistance to the flow of the medium.

The execution of the surfaces of the first and second rotors and the first and second stators facing each other in the form of at least one pair of conical surfaces, in the gap between which are located the rolling elements of the centering device, also provides simultaneous radial and longitudinal centering of the rotor along the pipe axis relative to the stator.

The implementation of the centering device in the form of rolling elements, which are located between the facing surfaces of the first rotor and stator and, respectively, of the second rotor and stator - between their lateral sides also provides one of the possible embodiments of this device. The location of the rolling elements recessed into the surface of the first and second rotors, which faces the surface of the first and second rotors or located recessed into the surface of the first and second rotors, which facing the surface of the first and second stators, it also provides the minimum necessary clearance between the rotor and stator in this embodiment.

The execution of all stators and rotors detachable along their circular ring increases both the convenience in their assembly and maintainability, because their sizes can reach several tens of meters.

The location of at least the first stator and rotor with blades in the narrowed part of the pipe allows you to increase the flow rate of the medium in this place and thereby increase the efficiency of the electric machine.

The fixing of all the blades with the possibility of their rotation to change their angle of attack provides power control of the electric machine when the flow rate of the medium through the pipe changes.

The applicant has not established any sources of information that would contain information about technical solutions identical to the claimed one. This allows, according to the applicant, to conclude that the invention meets the criterion of "novelty" (N).

The immediate technical result that can be obtained by implementing the set of essential features of the claimed invention is the fact that an electric machine for power installation with a flow of medium through a pipe can reduce the resistance to the flow of medium that passes through the blades rotating in the pipe; increase the efficiency of an electric machine; reduce the weight of the rotor with the blades. The applicant has not revealed any information about the influence of the distinguishing features of the invention on the achieved technical result. This circumstance allows us to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the criterion .. inventive step)) (IS).

Brief Description of the Drawings

In the future, the invention will be better understood from the following detailed description of examples of its implementation with reference to the drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view that illustrates an electric machine for power plants with a medium flow through a pipe in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 2 is a top view of an example embodiment of the blades of an electric machine in the form of blades;

Figure 3 is a top view of an example embodiment of an electric machine with turbine blades; 4 is a cross-sectional view that illustrates an embodiment of a centering device of an electric machine for power installation with a medium flow through a pipe with one rotor and, accordingly, one stator;

Figure 5 - shows the location of the rolling elements of the centering device in accordance with Figure 4.

Detailed Description of the Invention The best embodiment of an electric machine for a power plant with a medium flow through a pipe, in accordance with Figs. 1-3, is made in the form of a synchronous generator, which is located around the exhaust pipe of a wind power installation. At the same time, in the synchronous generator, the first and second stators 1,2, and the first and second, ring-shaped rotors 3,4, are concentrically arranged with the internal section of the exhaust pipe 5, the diameter of which coincides with the diameter of the internal section of the first and second rotors 3,4. Inside the pipe 5, 3.4 blades connected to the first and second rotor are located for interacting with the medium flow through the pipe 5 and which are made in the form of four blades 6 (Figure 2). The centering device of the rotors 3,4 relative to the stators 1,2 is located near their surfaces facing each other and is made in the form of rolling elements - balls 7. Poles 8.9, the approved first and second stators 1,2, and respectively the poles 10, 11, the respective first and second rotors 3,4 are located along the pipe 5 at a distance of 12 from each other. In this gap 12, the surfaces of the stators 1,2 and rotors 3,4 facing each other are made in the form of conical surfaces, in the gap 13 between which there are rolling elements in the form of balls 7 of the centering device. While the balls 7 are made recessed into the conical surface between the first and second rotors 3,4, which faces, respectively, the conical surface between the first and second stators 1,2. The pipe 5 at the location of the synchronous generator is made narrowed. Blades 6 fixed in the first and second rotors 3,4 with the possibility of rotation to change their attack angle relative to the medium flow through the pipe 5. And the first and second stators 1,2 and, respectively, the first and second rotors 3,4, in their circular ring, are made detachable into three equal parts to ensure ease of assembly and increase maintainability, as the diameter of an electric machine can reach several tens of meters.

In one embodiment, an electric machine for power installation with a medium flow through a pipe, which, in accordance with Figure 4, is also made in the form of a synchronous generator, which is located around the exhaust pipe 5 and contains a stator 14 and a rotor 15 of a wind power installation. Moreover, in accordance with FIG. 5, the balls 7 of the centering device are located recessed into the surface of the poles 16 potop5, and the surface of the stator 14 facing them with poles 17 and corresponding gaps between them is made of the same diameter, i.e., in the form of one smooth surface . The rotor 15 may also be located on supporting elements (not shown), which are located in a horizontal plane, or instead, a system of floating suspensions consisting, for example, of magnets, is used. Also, the balls 7 of the centering device can be recessed into the surface of the surfaces of the rotor 15 or the stator 14 facing each other - in the gap between their poles. The balls 7 of the centering device can be located recessed both in the surface of the rotors and in the surface of the stators, which are facing each other, and can be located on one and / or the other of their sides with different configurations.

The rolling elements can be made in the form of balls 7, and in other designs, for example in the form of rollers, and can also be made of both metallic and non-metallic materials.

When rolling elements are made of metallic materials with their location in the poles of the stator or rotor, the magnetic flux between the poles of the stator and rotor is almost completely closed, without its dispersion, which occurs in the gap between the poles of the stator and rotor when the centering device is made in the form of a shaft along the axis rotor.

Blades can also be made, in accordance with

Fig. 3, in the form of turbine blades 18, which are located near the surface, along the inner diameters of the rotors, and are fixed with the possibility of their rotation to change their angle of attack relative to the flow of medium through the pipe 5.

In one embodiment, an electric machine for power installation with a medium flow through the pipe can be made in the form of an electric motor to ensure the movement of the medium flow through the pipe.

Also, in one embodiment, an electric machine for power installation with a medium flow through a pipe can be made with two or more stators, rotors and vanes, which are connected by a corresponding rotor, i.e. the first blades are connected to the first rotor, the second blades to the second rotor, etc. In this case, the blades in the form of blades of one the rotor can be offset relative to the blades of the adjacent rotor.

As the flow of medium passing through the pipe, there can be either a flow of air through a chimney, or a flow of liquid or a gas stream.

The best version of an electric machine for a power plant with a medium flow through a pipe made in the form of a synchronous generator of a wind power installation works as follows. When air flows through a chimney

5, the blades 6 rotate and rotate the first and second rotors 3,4, the magnetic field sources of which in the form of permanent magnets (not shown) induce in the windings (not shown) of the poles of 8.9 stators 1.2 an electric current. Moreover, due to this embodiment of the centering device of the first and second rotors 3,4, relative to the first and second stators 1,2, the entire air flow interacts only with the working surface of the blades 6, which ensures an increase in the efficiency of the electric machine in the form of a synchronous generator. In addition, with an upward flow of the medium through the pipe 5, due to its interaction with the blades in the form of blades 6, a lifting force is created for the rotor, which unloads its rolling support elements. And this reduces the coefficient of friction in the centering device and, accordingly, increases the speed of the rotor.

Although shown and described as being the best for carrying out the present invention, those skilled in the art will understand that it is possible carry out various changes and modifications, and the elements can be replaced by equivalent, without going beyond the scope of the claims of the present invention. In particular, terms such as "first", "second" are given in this application for reasons of convenience and are not limiting terms.

Industrial applicability

The possibility of industrial application of the claimed technical solution is confirmed by the known and described here means and methods by which the invention can be implemented. The proposed electric machine can be manufactured industrially using known technologies for the production of similar machines, which confirms the compliance of the present invention with the criterion of industrial applicability)) "(IA).

Claims

CLAIM

1. An electric machine for power plants with a medium flow through a pipe containing a first stator (1) and a first rotor (3), while the first stator (1) is concentric with the first rotor (3) and with the pipe’s internal cross-section (5), and the first rotor (3) is made ring-shaped with its centering device relative to the first stator (1), inside the pipe (5) are the first blades connected to the first rotor (3) for interacting with the medium flow, characterized in that the centering device of the first rotor (3 ) relative to the first stator (1) is located near their surfaces facing each other.

2. An electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering device of the first rotor (3) is made in the form of rolling elements that are located between the facing surfaces of the first rotor (3) and the stator (1).

3. An electric machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the surfaces of the first rotor (3) and the stator (1) facing each other are made in the form of conical surfaces, in the gap (13) between which the rolling elements of the centering device are located.

4. The electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering device of the first rotor (3) is made in the form of rolling elements, which are located between the facing surfaces of the first rotor (3) and the stator (1) on one of their lateral sides .

5. The electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering device of the first rotor (3) is made in the form of rolling elements that are located between the facing surfaces of the first rotor (3) and the stator (1) - with one and the other of them the sides.

6. An electric machine according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the rolling elements are located recessed into the surface of the first stator (1), which faces the first rotor (3).

7. Electric machine according to any one of paragraphs.2-5, characterized in that the rolling elements are located recessed in the surface of the first rotor (3), which is facing the first stator (1).

8. The electric machine according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least a second stator (2) and a second rotor

(4).

9. An electric pop-up machine δ characterized in that it contains at least second blades located in the pipe (5) for interacting with the medium flow, which are connected to the corresponding rotor.

10. An electric machine according to any one of claims 8 to 9, characterized in that the centering device of the first (3) and second (4) rotors, respectively, relative to the first (1) and second (2) stators, is located close to each other friend of their surfaces.

11. The electric machine of claim 10, characterized in that the facing each other of the surface of the first (3) and second (4) rotors and the first (1) and second (2) stators made in the form of at least one pair of conical surfaces, in the gap (13) between which the rolling elements of the centering device are located.

12. The electric machine according to claim 10, characterized in that the centering device is made in the form of rolling elements, which are located between the facing surfaces of the first rotor (3) and stator (1) and, respectively, of the second rotor (4) and stator (2 ) - between their sides.

13. An electric machine according to any one of claims 11-12, characterized in that the rolling elements are located recessed into the surface of the first (1) and second (2) stators, which faces the surface of the first (3) and second (4) rotors .

14. An electric machine according to any one of claims 11-12, characterized in that the rolling elements are located recessed into the surface of the first (3) and second (4) rotors, which faces the surface of the first (1) and second (2) stators .

15. The electric machine according to any one of paragraphs 1-5,8-9 and 11-12, with the exception that all the stators and rotors are made detachable along their circular ring.

16 Electric machine according to any one of p. 1-5, 8-9 and 11-12, characterized in that at the location of at least the first stator (1) and rotor (3) with blades, the pipe (5) is made narrowed . 17. The electric machine according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, 8-9 and

11-12, characterized in that all the blades are fixed with the possibility of rotation to change their angle of attack.