JP6572421B2 - Axial type magnetic geared electric - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an axial magnetic gear mechanism and an axial magnetic geared electric machine.

  For example, in a power generator such as a wind power generator that uses natural energy, a drive mechanism that is driven by natural energy or the like is connected to the power generation mechanism, and the power generation mechanism generates power. In a device such as this generator in which a drive mechanism and a power generation mechanism (driven mechanism) are connected, mechanisms having different required rotational speeds are connected by a speed increaser or a speed reducer. In this speed increasing / decreasing device, a mechanical radial magnetic rotation mechanism and a radial magnetic gear mechanism introduced in Patent Document 1 have been used. However, when a large output is structurally required, the length is increased in the axial direction. However, it is necessary to enlarge the housing, and it is not suitable for a thin and high-power generator such as a generator.

  Incidentally, the radial type magnetic gear mechanism described in Patent Document 1 is introduced as being capable of increasing torque performance and being easily assembled. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 of Patent Document 1, this radial type magnetic gear mechanism is rotationally driven integrally with a low-speed rotation drive shaft 2 to separate a magnetic piece 1a and a non-magnetic piece 1b at a predetermined interval. Drum-type magnetic flux modulator 1 (pole change stator) arranged in the circumferential direction (axial direction of the rotating shaft) and permanent in the circumferential direction of the outer circumference (axial direction of the rotating shaft) arranged in the inner space of the magnetic flux modulating unit 1 An iron core 12 in which a magnet 13 is arranged, a high-speed rotating shaft 11 connected to the iron core 12, and a cylindrical iron core 22 in which permanent magnets 22 are arranged at predetermined intervals along the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic flux modulation unit 1 It is.

JP2013-11298A

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the mechanical radial magnetic rotating mechanism and the radial magnetic gear mechanism, and can be advantageously applied to an electric machine such as a generator or an electric motor, and an axial magnetic gear mechanism. Electricity is provided.

The main technical conditions characterized by the present invention are as follows.
1. The first magnetic gear is connected to the first rotating shaft, and the pole change stator is fixed to each of both side surfaces of the first magnetic gear at a predetermined facing interval, and at the predetermined facing interval on the outer surface of the pole change stator. Axial-type magnet, wherein a second magnetic gear is disposed, and each of the second magnetic gears is mounted on a second rotating shaft concentric with the first rotating shaft and rotatably attached to the first rotating shaft. Gear mechanism.

2. An axial magnetic geared electric machine, wherein a power generating stator or an electric stator is arranged on an outer surface of a second magnetic gear of the axial magnetic gear mechanism.

3. 3. The axial type magnetic geared electric machine according to the item 2, wherein a permanent magnet rotor is disposed on an outer surface of the power generating stator or the electric stator.

  The present invention exhibits the following excellent operational effects according to the technical conditions characterized by the aforementioned matters.

  That is, the axial type magnetic gear mechanism of the present invention connects the first magnetic gear to the first rotating shaft, fixes the pole change stator to each of both side surfaces of the first magnetic gear at predetermined opposing intervals, and Since the second magnetic gears are disposed on the outer surface of the change stator at predetermined intervals, and each of the second magnetic gears is rotatably mounted on a second rotation shaft concentric with the first rotation shaft, The attractive forces of the permanent magnets act in opposite directions between each pole change stator and the first magnetic gear on both outer sides of one magnetic gear, and the attractive forces acting on the first magnetic gear are offset. In the present invention, in addition to the attraction force canceling effect, the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft are arranged concentrically and the second rotating shaft is rotatably attached to the first rotating shaft. In addition, the axial arrangement interval between the pole change stator and the second magnetic gear can be reduced.

  The axial type magnetic geared electric machine such as the axial type magnetic geared generator or the axial type magnetic geared electric motor according to 2 and 3 of the above-described features using the axial type magnetic gear mechanism of the present invention has a large size by the above configuration. There is no need to use a casing, a bearing, or the like, and as described below, it is possible to advantageously increase the function, reduce the weight, and reduce the cost.

In the case of the axial type magnetic geared generator, the second magnetic gear can be efficiently rotated without pulsation by the rotational excitation force of the first magnetic gear by the rotational drive of the first rotary shaft. The power generated from the power generation stator of the power generation mechanism opposed to the outer surfaces of the magnetic gears can be greatly increased.
Further, in the case of an axial type magnetic geared electric motor, the first magnetic gear can be efficiently rotated without pulsation by the rotational excitation force by the electric stator disposed opposite to the inner surface side of each second magnetic gear. The rotational excitation force of the magnetic gear concentrates on the first magnetic gear and is rotated strongly, so that the drive output of the first rotating shaft can be greatly increased.
As described above, the present invention can improve the efficiency and smooth and stabilize the operation of the axial type magnetic gear mechanism, the axial type magnetic geared electric machine using the same and the peripheral electric devices, and the electric device. Needless to say, the peripheral devices can be made lighter, smaller and cheaper, and can be put to practical use, and the electric devices can be diversified.

It is side surface explanatory drawing which shows the axial type | mold magnetic geared electric machine which concerns on this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-section expansion | deployment bird's-eye view which abbreviate | omits and shows a part of axial type magnetic geared electric machine shown in FIG.

A specific configuration of an axial magnetic gear mechanism according to the present invention and an axial magnetic geared electric machine using the same will be described below with reference to the drawings.
The axial type magnetic geared electric machine will be described below with a focus on the axial type magnetic geared generator. However, in the case of the axial type magnetic geared electric motor, all “generators” are replaced with “electric motors”, and “ "Is replaced with" Electric stator ".
Furthermore, in the case of the “axial magnetic geared generator” of this example, the first magnetic gear is the driving side magnetic gear, the second magnetic gear is the driven side magnetic gear, the first rotating shaft is the driving side rotating shaft, The two rotation shafts are driven rotation shafts.
When replacing with an “axial magnetic geared electric motor”, the second magnetic gear is the driving side magnetic gear, the first magnetic gear is the driven side magnetic gear, the second rotating shaft is the driving rotating shaft, and the first rotating shaft. Is the driven rotation axis.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the axial type magnetic geared generator 1 has a configuration in which a power generation mechanism 4 is connected to a drive mechanism 2 via an axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3. The axial type magnetic geared generator 1 generates electric power by converting the drive energy of the drive mechanism 2 into electric energy by the power generation mechanism 4.

  The drive mechanism 2 may be a mechanism that converts natural energy such as wind power or hydraulic power into rotational energy, or a mechanism that converts natural or fossil energy such as an engine or boiler into rotational energy. The drive mechanism 2 is connected to the first rotary shaft 5 of the axial magnetic gear mechanism 3 and rotates the first rotary shaft 5 by the rotational energy output from the drive mechanism 2.

  The axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 has a hollow cylindrical casing 7 extending in the left-right direction in FIG. 1 attached to an upper portion of a base 6 and a first rotating shaft extending in the left-right direction at the center of the casing 7. 5 is rotatably attached via bearings 8 and 9, and a disk-shaped first magnetic gear 10 is attached to the first rotating shaft 5. Permanent magnets are attached in a predetermined arrangement on the outer both surfaces (left and right both surfaces in FIG. 1) of the first magnetic gear 10 in the circumferential direction.

  In addition, the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 includes a pair of annular plate-shaped pole change stators 11 and 12 arranged on the outer side of the first magnetic gear 10 (on the left and right sides in FIG. 1). , 12 and the outer peripheral portion 7b of the casing. As a result, the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 has a pair of pole change stators 11 and 12 for changing the number of poles sandwiching the first magnetic gear 10 on both outer sides (left and right sides in FIG. 1) of the first magnetic gear 10. They are placed facing each other.

  A pair of disk-shaped pole change stators 11 and 12 are embedded with pole pieces PP made of magnetic steel sheets or powder magnetic cores arranged in the circumferential direction at predetermined rotation angle intervals in order to reduce eddy current loss. An air gap AG or a nonconductive member is interposed between the pole pieces PP. The pole piece PP modulates the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet (M in FIG. 2) provided on the first magnetic gear 10 and acts on the permanent magnets of the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 so as to act on the second magnetic gears 13 and 14. Rotate 14 Between the first magnetic gear 10 and the pair of pole change stators 11 and 12, an attractive force by a permanent magnet acts in the axial direction. However, since the pair of pole change stators 11 and 12 and the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 are disposed across the first magnetic gear 10, the pole change stators 11, The attracting forces of the permanent magnets facing each other between 12 and the first magnetic gear 10 act in opposite directions, and the attracting forces acting on the first magnetic gear 10 are offset to maintain a balance. For this reason, there is no thrust force acting on the first rotating shaft on which the first magnetic gear 10 is mounted, and the arrangement interval between them is made small to realize a lighter and more compact size. This also has the same effect in the arrangement of the pole change stators 11 and 12 and the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 which will be described later, and further reduces the weight and size.

  Further, the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 includes a pair of annular plate-like (donut-plate-like) second magnetic gears 13, 14 on the outer side (left and right sides in FIG. 1) of the pair of pole change stators 11, 12. And a pair of hollow cylindrical second rotary shafts 15 and 16 are attached to the inner peripheral portions of the pair of second magnetic gears 13 and 14, respectively. Thereby, the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 arranges the pair of second magnetic gears 13 and 14 so as to face the outer side surfaces (left and right side surfaces in FIG. 1) of the pair of power generation stators 11 and 12. The pair of second rotating shafts 15 and 16 are rotatably attached to the outer peripheral portion of the first rotating shaft 5 via bearings 17 to 20. Bearings 21 and 22 are also interposed between the pair of second rotating shafts 15 and 16 and the pole change stators 11 and 12. On the outer both surfaces (left and right both surfaces in FIG. 1) of the pair of second magnetic gears 13 and 14, the circumferential direction and radius of the permanent magnet M are larger than the rotation angle interval of the permanent magnet M of the first magnetic gear 10. A small number are mounted side by side in the direction. In the case of the electric stator, the arrangement relationship of the permanent magnet M between the first magnetic gear 10 and the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 is reversed, and the first magnetic gear 10 sets the rotation angle interval of the permanent magnet M to the second. The permanent magnets M of the magnetic gears 13 and 14 are larger than that of the permanent magnets M, and the number of the permanent magnets M is reduced to provide a speed reducing action.

  In the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3, when the first magnetic gear 10 is rotated by the rotation of the first rotating shaft 5, the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet M is changed along with the rotation of the permanent magnet M provided on the first magnetic gear 10. The second magnetic gears 13 and 14 are modulated by the pole pieces PP provided on the pole change stators 11 and 12 and the magnetic force is applied to the permanent magnets M of the second magnetic gears 13 and 14, respectively. Rotate with. The rotation of the first magnetic gear 10 may increase or decrease the speed of the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 or rotate forward or backward depending on the number ratio (gear ratio) of the permanent magnets M or pole pieces PP. it can.

  The power generation mechanism 4 includes annular plate-shaped power generation stators 23, 24 on the outer peripheral portion 7b of the casing on the outer side (on the left and right sides in FIG. 1) of the pair of second magnetic gears 13, 14 of the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3. Is arranged. The power generation stators 23 and 24 are configured as a generator armature by winding a power generation coil around each of magnetic steel sheet cores arranged in a disk shape at predetermined rotation angle intervals. Each of the generator armatures is excited and generated by a permanent magnet M provided on the rotating second magnetic gears 13 and 14. Bearings 25 and 26 are interposed between the pair of power generation stators 23 and 24 and the second rotary shafts 15 and 16.

  Further, the power generation mechanism 4 arranges a pair of annular plate-shaped permanent magnet rotors 27 and 28 in the further outward direction (left and right sides in FIG. 1) of the respective power generation stators 23 and 24, and , 28 are attached to the second rotary shafts 15 and 16. Permanent magnets are arranged on the inner side surfaces of the permanent magnet rotors 27 and 28 at the same rotation angle positions and intervals as the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 facing each other. The arrangement relationship of the permanent magnets of the second magnetic gear 13 and the second magnetic gear 14 may be the same rotation angle position and interval or different rotation angle positions and intervals. Therefore, in the case of the different rotation angle positions and intervals, the rotation angle positions and intervals may be the same as the permanent magnets of the facing permanent magnet rotor.

  In the power generation mechanism 4, when the first magnetic gear 10 is rotated by the rotation of the first rotation shaft 5 of the axial magnetic gear mechanism 3, the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 and the permanent magnet rotors 27 and 28 of the power generation mechanism 4 are connected. The generator armatures provided in the power generation stators 23 and 24 are excited by rotating together, and electromotive force is generated in the winding coils to generate power. The power generation by the power generation mechanism 4 generates electric power because the generator armature is excited only by the rotation of the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 without the permanent magnet rotors 27 and 28 being installed, and an electromotive force is generated in the winding coil. Can be obtained.

  The axial type magnetic geared generator 1 and the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 used therein are configured as described above. The axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 according to the present invention is not limited to the case where the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 is integrally incorporated in the axial type magnetic geared generator 1 as described above, and can be used as a transmission independently.

  As described above, the axial magnetic gear mechanism 3 has a configuration in which the pair of pole change stators 11 and 12 are disposed opposite to both outer surfaces of the first magnetic gear 10 with the first magnetic gear 10 interposed therebetween. Therefore, in the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 having the above-described configuration, the magnet attracting forces act in opposite directions to the pole change stators 11 and 12 on both outer sides of the first magnetic gear 10, The attractive force acting on the magnetic gear 10 is canceled out. Thereby, in the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 having the above-described configuration, it is not necessary to use a large bearing or the like, and the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 and a device using the same (for example, the axial type magnetic geared generator 1) are lightweight. Miniaturization and cost reduction can be achieved.

  Therefore, in the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 having the above configuration, power can be evenly transmitted to the pair of second magnetic gears 13 and 14, and the axial type magnetic gear mechanism 3 and a device using the same (for example, the axial type) The operation of the type magnetic geared generator 1) can be smoothed and stabilized, and can be diversified.

  Furthermore, the axial type magnetic geared generator 1 having the above-described configuration is provided with the first magnetic gear 10 on the first rotating shaft 5 driven by the drive mechanism 2, and a pair of pole change stators 11, sandwiching the first magnetic gear 10. 12 is arranged to face the outer both surfaces of the first magnetic gear 10, and the second magnetic gears 13, 14 are arranged to face the outer surfaces of the pole change stators 11, 12, the second magnetic gear 13, Since the power generation stators 23 and 24 are arranged so as to face the outer surface of 14, the axial type magnetic geared generator 1 having the above configuration can be practically used because the device can be reduced in size and cost. Is possible.

  In particular, by disposing the permanent magnet rotors 27 and 28 having the same permanent magnet arrangement as the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 so as to face the outer surfaces of the pair of power generation stators 23 and 24, the second magnetic gears 13, 14 and the rotation of the permanent magnet rotors 27 and 28 increase the electromotive force by increasing the excitation of the generator armature (in the case of an electric motor, the motor armature of the electric stator) provided in the generator stators 23 and 24. The power generation efficiency can be improved.

  Further, the generator armatures of the power generation stators 23 and 24 have a configuration in which the second magnetic gear 13 and the permanent magnet rotor 27 and the second magnetic gear 14 and the permanent magnet rotor 28 are arranged to face both outer surfaces, respectively. The axial magnetic attractive force acting on the power generation stators 23 and 24 is offset, and the thrust force acting on the generator armature is maintained without any balance.

  2 omits the permanent magnet rotors 27 and 28 and the power generation stators 23 and 24 of the axial magnetic geared generator 1 of the previous example shown in FIG. 1, the first magnetic gear 10, the pole change stators 11 and 12, 2 is a developed bird's-eye view / longitudinal section showing the two magnetic gears 13 and 14 and the side surfaces 7a and 7b of the casing separated from each other for easy understanding.

  In FIG. 2, the first magnetic gear 10 has permanent magnets M arranged radially in the radial direction, and the pole change stators 11 and 12 arranged on the left and right of the first magnetic gear 10 alternately have pole pieces PP and air gaps AG. The outer peripheral portion 7b of the casing is also formed on the circumferential portion. The second magnetic gears 13 and 14 are configured such that the permanent magnets M are radially arranged at predetermined equal rotation angle intervals, and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets M are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. Since other configurations are the same as the previous example, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  Here, the principle of the magnetic gear will be described with reference. The condition for the magnetic gear to be established is given by Equation 1.

ただし、第二磁気歯車13,14の永久磁石Mの極対数をNｈ、第一磁気歯車10の極対数をNｌ、ポールピースPPの磁極数をNｓとした。このときギヤ比Grは数２で表される。

However, the number of pole pairs of the permanent magnet M of the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 is Nh, the number of pole pairs of the first magnetic gear 10 is Nl, and the number of pole pairs of the pole piece PP is Ns. At this time, the gear ratio Gr is expressed by Equation 2.

数１で符号がプラスのときには、ギヤ比Grはマイナスになり第二磁気歯車13,14は、第一磁気歯車10の回転方向に対して逆方向に回転する。また数１で符号がマイナスのときには、ギヤ比Grはプラスになり第二磁気歯車13,14は第一磁気歯車10の回転方向に対して同一方向に回転する。 Radial type magnetic rotation mechanism and

When the sign is positive in Equation 1, the gear ratio Gr becomes negative, and the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 rotate in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the first magnetic gear 10. When the sign is negative in Equation 1, the gear ratio Gr is positive, and the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 rotate in the same direction with respect to the rotation direction of the first magnetic gear 10.

  Thus, the electrical energy after the earthquake is covered by thermal power generation using fossil fuels such as oil and coal, and nearly 90% of these fossil fuels are imported from the Middle East. It is easily assumed that price increases will adversely affect the Japanese economy. Therefore, in recent years, smart grids that have introduced IT technology have attracted attention from the viewpoint of effective utilization of natural energy and crisis management. Smart grids integrate distributed small-scale power generation systems that use natural energy, and power generation systems that use abundant water resources such as irrigation canals are considered to be promising. However, in the stable use of a large number of small-scale power generation systems close to a house, measures such as maintenance and noise are necessary. Therefore, we have developed an axial gap type magnetic gear with high transmission driving force that does not use a mechanical gear that can be operated without maintenance and aims to develop a magnetic geared generator integrated with the generator. Compared with the radial type, the axial gap type has an advantage that a gap at the operating point can be widened and the structure can be made compact with a thin structure. The disadvantage is that the bearing must be strong enough to withstand the magnetic attraction force of the permanent magnet, so that the burden on the bearing is increased.

  Therefore, the present invention is a combination of a single stage or a power generation stator 23, 24 with the first magnetic gear 10 as a low-speed rotor and the second magnetic gears 13, 14 as high-speed rotors facing both sides centering on this. A plurality of stages are arranged. Since the magnetic attractive force acting on the low-speed rotor can be canceled by the pole change stators 11 and 12 and the second magnetic gears 13 and 14 (high-speed rotor) on both sides of the low-speed rotor, the structure becomes simple and one or more first By having the two magnetic gears 13 and 14 (high-speed rotor), the output can be greatly increased. As a result, the present invention contributes greatly to the power generation industry.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Axial type magnetic geared generator 2 Drive mechanism 3 Axial type magnetic gear mechanism 4 Power generation mechanism 5 First rotating shaft 6 Base 7a Both side surfaces of casing 7b Casing outer periphery
8,9 Bearing 10 1st magnetic gear
11,12 Pole change stator 13,14 Second magnetic gear
15,16 Second rotary shaft 17-22 Bearing
23,24 Power generation stator (electric stator) 25,26 Bearing
27,28 Permanent magnet rotor

Claims (1)

A first magnetic gear is connected to the first rotating shaft, and a pole change stator is fixed to each of both side surfaces of the first magnetic gear at a predetermined facing interval, and at the same time an outer surface of the pole change stator is fixed at a predetermined facing interval. Two magnetic gears are arranged, and each of the second magnetic gears includes an axial magnetic gear mechanism mounted on a second rotating shaft concentric with the first rotating shaft and rotatably attached to the first rotating shaft, An axial magnetic geared electric machine , wherein a power generation stator or an electric stator is disposed opposite to a second magnetic gear of an axial type magnetic gear mechanism, and a permanent magnet rotor is disposed on an outer surface of the power generation stator or the electric stator .

Images