WO2007085133A1 - Ustensile de cuisson à fond composite et son procédé de fabrication - Google Patents

Ustensile de cuisson à fond composite et son procédé de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007085133A1
WO2007085133A1 PCT/CN2006/000313 CN2006000313W WO2007085133A1 WO 2007085133 A1 WO2007085133 A1 WO 2007085133A1 CN 2006000313 W CN2006000313 W CN 2006000313W WO 2007085133 A1 WO2007085133 A1 WO 2007085133A1
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Prior art keywords
cookware
stainless steel
metal
pure
plate
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PCT/CN2006/000313
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Zhiming Hu
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Zhiming Hu
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Publication of WO2007085133A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007085133A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J27/00Cooking-vessels
    • A47J27/002Construction of cooking-vessels; Methods or processes of manufacturing specially adapted for cooking-vessels
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47JKITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/02Selection of specific materials, e.g. heavy bottoms with copper inlay or with insulating inlay
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D39/00Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders
    • B21D39/03Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating; Tube expanders of sheet metal otherwise than by folding
    • B21D39/031Joining superposed plates by locally deforming without slitting or piercing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/18Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects vessels, e.g. tubs, vats, tanks, sinks, or the like
    • B21D51/22Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects vessels, e.g. tubs, vats, tanks, sinks, or the like pots, e.g. for cooking

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cookware, and more particularly to a cookware having a double bottom which is compounded with other metal sheets at the bottom of the cookware and a method of manufacturing the same.
  • the cookware on the domestic and international markets is suitable for use on a variety of cookware.
  • a piece of good magnetic conductive metal sheet is used to make it magnetically induced by the induction cooker to generate heat, and at the same time, it can be used on other stoves. use.
  • the simple piece of metal on the bottom looks unattractive. The other is to make the bottom of the pot beautiful and high-grade, and a copper piece is combined at the bottom, but it cannot be used for the induction cooker. If the composite metal plate can be combined to make it both magnetically conductive and noble and noble, the cookware is both beautiful and practical.
  • the Chinese patent "Guangzhou Lingfeng Kitchenware Co., Ltd.” with application number 00240125.8 discloses a stainless steel pot with a composite bottom.
  • the utility model comprises a pot body and a composite pot bottom, characterized in that the composite pot bottom comprises a plurality of layers of stainless steel plates, aluminum plates and stainless iron plates.
  • the utility model adopts a composite pot bottom structure composed of a stainless steel plate, an aluminum plate and a stainless iron plate, so that it has the effects of uniform heating, heating and heat dissipation area, and is not easy to burn food and sticking the pan, thereby ensuring the cooking effect thereof.
  • Well, and can be directly used on the induction cooker, and the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, easy production and production, long service life and strong practicability.
  • the above-mentioned stainless steel pot having a composite pan bottom can be used on an electromagnetic cooker, but the stainless steel plate layer, the aluminum plate layer and the stainless iron plate layer at the bottom of the composite pan are welded together by a brazing machine.
  • the composite structure is not a composite metal composed of press-bonding, so the use is unreliable, and the composite layer is often detached when fired at a high temperature.
  • the bottom of the cookware of the composite pan has a single metallic color and is not decorative and aesthetically pleasing.
  • the Chinese patent “Xingxian Eurasia Stainless Steel Products Co., Ltd.” with application number 200510035049.1 discloses a stainless steel pot with a brazed composite pot bottom and a manufacturing method thereof, and the composite pot bottom comprises an aluminum plate laminated in sequence and compounded with the bottom of the pot.
  • a stainless steel plate and a copper plate are Firstly, the copper plate is brazed to the stainless steel plate as a transition layer, and then the aluminum plate is laminated and heated together with the bottom of the pan.
  • the copper plate, a stainless steel, an aluminum and a composite plate are also flanged to the pot body, and the bottom of the pan is fully wrapped.
  • the composite pan has good heat conduction, high temperature resistance, strong bonding force, good anti-dry burning effect and low cost, and is suitable for compound strengthening and anti-dry burning treatment of the stainless steel bottom.
  • brazing compound pan bottom stainless steel pot has strengthened its manufacturing method, the dry burning resistance is improved, but the bonding strength is still not as high as that of the laminated metal composite plate. Since the outer layer of the bottom is copper, although it has some decorative properties, it cannot be used on an induction cooktop.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above deficiencies of the prior art.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a cookware having a double bottom and a manufacturing method thereof, which can be used for magnetic conduction, can be used on an induction cooker, and can be used for other stoves, and The bottom of the cookware must have beautiful and novel features.
  • a cookware having a double bottom comprising a cookware body composed of stainless steel of grade 304 and a metal base thereof, the metal backing including T2 pure a composite metal sheet composed of copper and 409 or 430 stainless steel, and a 1050 pure aluminum sheet between the bottom metal sheet and the bottom of the cookware body, the bottom metal sheet, the pure aluminum sheet, and the bottom of the cookware
  • the shape of the bottom metal piece is adapted to the shape of the bottom of the cookware.
  • the bottom of the bottom metal sheet is stamped with a pattern-like recess recessed inwardly, the recess having a pressed T2 pure copper plate having a 409 or 430 stainless steel plane between the pattern grooves.
  • a method of making a cookware having a double bottom, the method of making a cookware having a bottomed bottom comprising the steps of:
  • a composite metal plate which is a two-layer composite metal plate composed of T2 pure copper and 409 or 430 stainless steel, and the composite metal plate is stamped into a double-layer metal piece suitable for the shape of the bottom of the cookware;
  • the T2 copper plane on the bottom metal piece is punched into a pattern-like recess recessed inwardly, and the groove and the T2 pure copper therein are simultaneously pressed into the 409 or 430 stainless steel.
  • the above-mentioned stamped and formed metal sheet is heated simultaneously with the bottom of the 1050 pure aluminum plate and the bottom of the cookware at the bottom of the cooker, and the heating temperature is 400-450 ° C, so that the middle 1050 pure aluminum plate In a softened state, the bonding effect of the bottom metal piece and the bottom of the cookware is performed, and then the pressing metal device is pressed to firmly bond the double bottom metal piece together with the 1050 pure aluminum plate on the bottom of the cookware;
  • the T2 pure copper on the outer layer of the bottom of the bottom metal piece is machined by a machining method or ground with a sander to expose 409 or 430 stainless steel material and recessed.
  • the pattern has a T2 pure copper plate, and the bottom of the metal base of the cookware is sanded to form a pattern groove having 409 or 430 stainless steel and T2 pure copper, and between the grooves. 409 or 430 stainless steel plane, the 409 or 430 stainless steel plane area between the pattern-shaped grooves accounts for more than 80% of the bottom area of the cookware.
  • the heating temperature for simultaneously heating the double-bottom metal piece with the pure aluminum plate under the bottom of the cookware and the bottom of the cookware is preferably 430 ⁇ .
  • the metal double bottom material is made of a composite metal plate composed of ⁇ 2 pure copper and 409 or 430 stainless steel, which is made into a metal piece at the bottom of the cookware, and with the bottom of the cookware and the bottom of the aluminum metal and cookware.
  • the compound metal can be firmly composited on the bottom of the cookware.
  • the ⁇ 2 copper of the outer layer of the metal sheet is removed, and the 409 stainless steel material with good magnetic permeability and the groove of the pattern are exposed at the bottom, and 409 which can be in contact with the induction cooker is formed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a double bottom metal sheet of a cooker having a double bottom according to the present invention
  • the present invention has a double bottom cookware, and the manufacturing method thereof comprises the following steps:
  • a composite metal material which is a two-layer composite metal plate composed of T2 pure copper 4 and 409 or 430 stainless steel 5, and the two-layer composite metal material is stamped into a double-layer metal sheet 3 which is adapted to the shape of the bottom 6 of the cookware. (see Read Figure 1).
  • the above-mentioned stamped and formed metal sheet 3 is heated simultaneously with the 1050 pure aluminum plate 7 and the bottom 6 of the cookware at the bottom of the cookware bottom 6 at a heating temperature of 400-450 ° C, preferably at a heating temperature of 43 (TC, the softening state of the 1050 pure aluminum sheet 7 between the bottom metal piece 3 and the bottom 6 of the cookware is used to bond the double bottom metal piece 3 and the bottom 6 of the cookware, and then pressed by a pressure device
  • the bottom metal sheet 3 is firmly composited on the bottom 6 of the cookware together with a 1050 pure aluminum sheet 7.
  • the T2 pure copper on the bottom layer of the bottom metal piece 3 should be machined by a machining method or ground with a sander.
  • the bottom is exposed 409 or 430 stainless steel material 5 and the pattern groove 8 having the T2 pure copper plate 8 ' recessed therein, and then the bottom of the metal base 2 is sanded and leveled to form 409 or The pattern-like grooves 8 of 430 stainless steel 5 and T2 pure copper 4, and the 409 or 430 stainless steel plane 5' between the grooves 8 (see Figs. 3 and 4).
  • the area of the 409 or 430 stainless steel plane 5' between the pattern-like grooves should be more than 80% of the area of the bottom plane, so as to achieve the best thermal conductivity when used on an induction cooker. Requirements. ,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Description

具有复底的炊具及其制作方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种炊具, 尤其是在炊具底部复合有其它金属片的一种具有复底的炊 具及其制作方法。
背景技术
目前国内外市场上炊具为使其能在多种炊具上适用, 在其底部复合一块具有良好 导磁金属片, 使其能与电磁炉产生磁感应而发生热量进行烹饪, 同时又能在其他炉具 上使用。 但其底部单纯一块金属片看起来不美观。 另外一种是为使其锅底美观华丽高 档, 在其底部复合一块铜片, 但不能用于电磁炉具。 如果能复合一块复合金属板, 使 其既能导磁, 又能有靓丽高贵的铜金属, 则此炊具既美观又实用。
申请号为 00240125.8的中国专利《广州市凌丰厨具有限公司》, 公开了一种具有 复合锅底的不锈钢锅。包括锅体及复合锅底,其特征在于复合锅底由若干层不锈钢板、 铝板和不锈铁板组成。 本实用新型由于釆用由不锈钢板、 铝板、 不锈铁板组成的复合 锅底结构, 使其具有受热均匀、 加热和散热面积大、 不容易烧焦食物和粘锅的功效, 保证其烹调效果好, 而且可以直接放在电磁炉上使用, 且本实用新型结构简单、 生产 制作容易, 使用寿命长, 实用性强。
上述这种具有复合锅底的不锈钢锅, 虽然可以放在电磁灶上使用, 但其复合锅底 的 不锈钢板层、 铝板层、 不锈铁板层之间由于是通过钎焊机焊接为一体的复合结构, 不是由压合构成的复合金属, 因此使用不可靠, 高温火烧时往往出现复合层脱离的现 象。 这种复合锅底的炊具底部金属色泽单一, 没有装饰性和美观新颖的特点。
申请号为 200510035049.1的中国专利 《新兴县欧亚不锈钢制品有限公司》, 公开 了一种钎焊复合锅底的不锈钢锅及其制造方法, 其复合锅底包括依次层叠的、 与锅底 复合的铝板一不锈钢板一铜板。 先将铜板钎焊上不锈钢板, 作为过渡层, 再叠合铝板 与锅底一起加热压焊,也可使铜板一不锈钢一铝一复合板翻边至锅体,将锅底全包底。 该复合锅底导热好, 耐高温, 结合力强, 抗干烧效果佳, 成本较低, 适用于对不锈钢 锅底进行复合加强和抗干烧处理。
上述这种钎悍复合锅底不锈钢锅, 虽强化了其制造方法,.抗干烧性有所提高, 但 其结合强度仍不如压合构成的金属复合板高。 由于底部外层是铜虽然有一些装饰性但 不能用于电磁炉具上。 鉴于以上现有技术的不足, 特提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于克服现有技术的不足, 提供一种具有复底的炊具及 其制作方法, 使之既能导磁, 可在电磁炉上使用, 又能用于其它炉具, 而且炊具底部 又要有美观华丽新颖的特点。 ' 为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用技术方案的基本构思是:一种具有复底的炊具, 包括由牌号 304的不锈钢构成的炊具本体及其金属复底, 所述金属复底包括由 T2纯 铜和 409或 430不锈钢组成的复合金属板材构成的复底金属片, 及复底金属片与炊具 本体的炊具底部之间的 1050纯铝板材, 该复底金属片、 纯铝板材、 炊具底部之间为 牢固结合状, 该复底金属片的形状与炊具底部的形状相适应。
所述复底金属片的底部冲压有向内凹陷的图案状凹槽, 该凹槽中具有压入的 T2 纯铜板, 该图案状凹槽之间为 409或 430不锈钢平面。
所述图案状凹槽之间的 409或 430不锈钢平面面积占炊具底部面积 80 %以上。 一种制作具有复底的炊具的方法, 所述制作具有复底的炊具的方法包括以下步 骤:
首先, 选用复合金属板材, 其由 T2纯铜和 409或 430不锈钢组成的二层复合金 属板材, 将该复合金属板材冲压成型为与炊具底部形状相适应的复底金属片;
第二, 将复底金属片上的 T2铜平面上冲压成向内凹陷的图案状凹槽, 该凹槽及 其中的 T2纯铜同时压入 409或 430不锈钢内。
第三, 对炊具复底, 将上述冲压成型的复底金属片, 与炊具底部下部的 1050纯 铝板材和炊具底部同时加热, 加热温度为 400— 450°C, 使其中间的 1050纯铝板材成 软化状态, 起到对复底金属片和炊具底部的粘结作用, 再用压力设备挤压使复底金属 片连同 1050纯铝板材牢固地复合在炊具底部上;
第四, 加工修整金属复底, 炊具复底后, 将复底金属片底平面外层的 T2纯铜用 机加工方法车去或用磨光机磨去, 露出 409或 430不锈钢材料和凹进其内具有 T2纯 铜板的图案状凹槽, 再对该炊具金属复底的底部砂光整平, 形成既有 409或 430不锈 钢和 T2纯铜的图案状凹槽, 又有凹槽之间的 409或 430不锈钢平面, 该图案状凹槽 之间的 409或 430不锈钢平面面积占炊具底部面积的 80 %以上。 所述将复底金属片与炊具底部下的纯铝板材和炊具底部同时加热的加热温度优 选为 430Ό。
采用上述技术方案后, 本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果。
由于本发明具有复底的炊具, 其金属复底材料选用了由 Τ2纯铜和 409或 430不锈钢 组成的复合金属板材, 做成了炊具底部的金属片, 并与炊具底部的铝金属和炊具底部 同时加热挤压, 便可牢固地使复底金属复合在炊具底部上。 尤其是在炊具复底后将复 底金属片外层的 Τ2铜去掉后, 在底部露出了导磁性能好的 409不锈钢材料, 以及图案 状的凹槽, 并形成了可与电磁炉相接触的 409或 430不锈钢平面, 该导磁材料平面的面 积占底部面积 80 %以上, 因此, 本发明具有复底的炊具既能用于电磁炉, 又能用于其 它炉具, 底部的图案状凹槽并衬有 Τ2铜显得美观华丽、 新颖的特色。
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的描述。
附图说明
图 1是本发明具有复底的炊具的复底金属片结构示意图; .
图 2是本发明具有复底的炊具的复底后结构示意图;
图 3是是本发明具有复底的炊具的复底冲压有图案状凹槽的结构示意图; 图 4是是图 3的 Α向示意图。
具体实施方式
如图 1至图 4所示, 本发明具有复底的炊具, 其结构包括由牌号 304的不锈钢构成 的炊具本体 1及金属复底 2, 主要特征是, 所述金属复底 2包括由复底金属板材构成的 复底金属片 3, 该复底金属板材由 T2纯铜 4和 409或 430不锈钢 5组成, 在复底金属片 3与 炊具本体 1的炊具底部 6之间具有 1050纯铝板材 7。 该复合金属片 3、 纯铝板材 7、 炊具 底部 6之间为牢固结合状态, 该复底金属片 3的形状与炊具底部的形状相适应(参阅图 1和图 2 ) 。
在所述复底金属片 3的底部冲压有向内凹陷的图案状凹槽 8 , 该凹槽 8中具有压入 的 T2纯铜板 8 ' , 该图案状凹槽 8之间为 409或 430不锈钢平面 5 ' , 所述图案状凹槽 8之 间的 409或 430不锈钢平面 5 ' 的面积占底部平面面积 80 %以上 (参阅图 3和图 4) 。
本发明具有复底的炊具, 其制作方法包括以下步骤:
首先, 选用复合金属材料, 其由 T2纯铜 4和 409或 430不锈钢 5组成的二层复合金属 板材, 将该二层复合金属材料冲压成型为与炊具底部 6形状相适应的复底金属片 3 (参 阅图 1 ) 。
第二, 将复底金属片 3上的 T2铜 4的平面上冲压成向内凹陷的图案状凹槽 8, 该凹 槽 8及其中的 Τ2纯铜 8 ' 同时压入 409或 430不锈钢 5内 (参阅图 3和图 4) 。
第三, 对炊具复底, 将上述冲压成型的复底金属片 3, 与炊具底部 6下部的 1050纯 铝板材 7和炊具底部 6同时加热, 加热温度为 400— 450°C, 优选加热温度为 43(TC , 使 其复底金属片 3与炊具底部 6中间的 1050纯铝板材 7成软化状态, 起到对复底金属片 3和 炊具底部 6的粘结作用, 再用压力设备挤压使复底金属片 3连同 1050纯铝板材 7牢固地 复合在炊具底部 6上。
第四, 加工修整金属复底 2, 炊具复底后, 为了便于在电磁炉上使用, 需将复底 金属片 3底平面外层的 T2纯铜用机加工方法车去或用磨光机磨去, 使其底部露出 409或 430不锈钢材料 5和凹进其内具有 T2纯铜板 8 ' 的图案状凹槽 8 , 然后再对该炊具金属复 底 2的底部砂光整平, 形成既有 409或 430不锈钢 5和 T2纯铜 4的图案状凹槽 8, 又有凹槽 8之间的 409或 430不锈钢平面 5 ' (参阅图 3和图 4) 。 在设计制作图案状凹槽 8时, 应 该使图案状凹槽之间的 409或 430不锈钢平面 5' 的面积占到底部平面面积的 80 %以上, 以便达到在电磁炉上使用时的最佳导热效率的要求。 、
总之, 本发明具有复底的炊具, 金属复底由于采用了复合金属材料, 并通过加热 法与炊具底部复合在一起, 其结合面牢固, 金属复底的底部具有图案状凹槽, 并露出 409或 430不锈钢的平面, 使之能很好的与电磁炉接触, 因此, 本发明具有复底的炊具 既可用于电磁炉, 又可用于其它炉具, 同时底部的图案状凹槽具有 409或 430为锈钢材 料和 T2纯铜材料两种金属组合的图案, 因此更显得美观华丽和新颖的特色。

Claims

权利 要求 书
1、 一种具有复底的炊具, 包括由牌号 304的不锈钢构成的炊具本体(1 )及其金 属复底 (2) , 其特征在于: 所述金属复底 (2) 包括由 T2纯铜 (4) 和 409或 430不 锈钢 (5 ) 组成的复合金属板材构成的复底金属片 (3 ) , 及复底金属片 (3 ) 与炊具 本体(1 )的炊具底部(6)之间的 1050纯铝板材(7),该复底金属片(3)、纯 铝 板材 (7) 、 炊具底部 (6) 之间为牢固结合状, 该复底金属片 (3) 的形状与炊具底 部 (6) 的形状相适应。
2、 根据权利要求 1 所述的一种具有复底的炊具, 其特征在于: 所述复底金属片
( 3) 的底部冲压有向内凹陷的图案状凹槽 (8) , 该凹槽 (8) 中具有压入的 T2纯铜 板 (8' ) , 该图案状凹槽 (8 ) 之间为 409或 430不锈钢平面 (5' ) 。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的一种具有复底炊具, 其特征在于: 所述图案状凹 槽 (8) 之间的 409或 430不锈钢平面 (5' ) 面积占底平面面积的 80%以上。
4、 一种制作权利要求 1 所述具有复底的炊具的方法, 其特征在于: 所述制作具 有复底的炊具的方法包括以下步骤:
首先, 选用复合金属板材, 其由 T2纯铜 (4) 和 409或 430不锈钢 (5) 组成的 二层复合金属板材, 将该复合金属板材冲压成型为与炊具底部 (6) 形状相适应的复 底金属片 (3) ;
第二, 将复底金属片 (3 )上的 T2铜平面上冲压成向内凹陷的图案状凹槽 (8 ) , 该凹槽 (8 ) 及其中的 T2纯铜 (8' ) 同时压入 409或 430不锈钢 (5) 内。
第三, 对炊具复底, 将上述冲压成型的复底金属片 (3 ) , 与炊具底部 (6) 下部 的 1050纯铝板材 (7) 和炊具底部 (6) 同时加热, 加热温度为 400— 450°C, 使其中 间的 1050纯铝板材 (7 ) 成软化状态, 起到对复底金属片 (3) 和炊具底部 (6) 的粘 结作用, 再用压力设备挤压使复底金属片 (3) 连同 1050纯铝板材 (7) 牢固地复合 在炊具底部 (6) 上;
第四, 加工修整金属复底 (2) , 炊具复底后, 将复底金属片 (3)底平面外层的 T2纯铜用机加工方法车去或用磨光机磨去, 露出 409或 430不锈钢材料 (5) 和凹进 其内具有 T2纯铜板 (8 ' ) 的图案状凹槽 (8 ) , 再对该炊具金属复底 (2) 的底部砂 光整平, 形成既有 409或 430不锈钢 (5) 和 T2纯铜 (4) 的图案状凹槽 (8) , 又有 凹槽 (8) 之间的 409或 430不锈钢平面 (5' ) , 该图案状凹槽之间的 409或 430不 锈钢平面 (5' ) 面积占底部平面面积 80%以上。
5. 根据权利要求 4所述的一种制作具有复底的炊具的方法, 其特征在于: 所述将 复底金属片 (3) 与炊具底部下的纯铝板材 (7) 和炊具底部 (6) 同时加热的加热温 度优选为 430°C。
PCT/CN2006/000313 2006-01-27 2006-03-03 Ustensile de cuisson à fond composite et son procédé de fabrication WO2007085133A1 (fr)

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