WO2007083103A2 - Ensemble électrode immergé - Google Patents

Ensemble électrode immergé Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2007083103A2
WO2007083103A2 PCT/GB2007/000128 GB2007000128W WO2007083103A2 WO 2007083103 A2 WO2007083103 A2 WO 2007083103A2 GB 2007000128 W GB2007000128 W GB 2007000128W WO 2007083103 A2 WO2007083103 A2 WO 2007083103A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
anode
hull
fitting
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2007/000128
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007083103A3 (fr
Inventor
Malcolm John Perrins
Original Assignee
Malcolm John Perrins
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Malcolm John Perrins filed Critical Malcolm John Perrins
Priority to EP07704917A priority Critical patent/EP1974074A2/fr
Publication of WO2007083103A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007083103A2/fr
Publication of WO2007083103A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007083103A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B59/00—Hull protection specially adapted for vessels; Cleaning devices specially adapted for vessels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/005—Anodic protection
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/10—Electrodes characterised by the structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/18—Means for supporting electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H01R4/66—Connections with the terrestrial mass, e.g. earth plate, earth pin
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F2213/00—Aspects of inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F2213/30—Anodic or cathodic protection specially adapted for a specific object
    • C23F2213/31—Immersed structures, e.g. submarine structures

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an immersed electrode assembly.
  • the invention is particularly, but not exclusively, concerned with electrodes mounted at the underwater surfaces of boats, and one particular application for the invention is as a sacrificial anode for providing cathodic protection to underwater metal components on boats or other marine vessels.
  • the electrode may alternatively be a grounding electrode for providing an earth connection for electronic equipment on a boat and/or to reduce the adverse impact of lightning strikes.
  • the invention may be used in other circumstances where an electrode is required at metal/liquid interfaces, for example in liquid storage tanks to provide cathodic protection.
  • boat will be used to refer to a vessel to which the anode is fitted, but the term “boat” is to be construed in its widest sense.
  • the metal with a lower potential in the electrolytic cell will be anodic and will corrode. The same effect can occur in areas of different electrochemical potential in a single piece of metal such as a steel plate.
  • Cathodic protection is a process which prevents the corrosion reaction by creating an electric field so that current flows to the metal to be protected. This prevents the formation of metal ions by setting up a potential gradient at the surface, which opposes the electric current produced by flow of electrically charged ions away from the metal surface as the product of corrosion.
  • the electric field must be of adequate strength to counter the field produced by the corrosion reaction to ensure that metal ions are fully prevented from escaping.
  • a source of the electric field which opposes the corrosion reaction may be a current supplied from the preferential corrosion of a metal anode with different electrochemical properties in the environment, and which has a stronger anodic reaction with the environment than does the metal surface to be protected.
  • current flows to the metal to be protected from the additional, sacrificial anode, which itself progressively corrodes in preference to the structure.
  • an immersed electrode assembly that can be mounted in the hull of a boat, the assembly comprising a through hull fitting, an electrode of a dimension able to pass through the through hull fitting, an electrode support for supporting the electrode in the through hull fitting, and means for making an electrical connection inside the hull between the electrode and a metal surface within the hull, characterised in that the electrode has a point of weakness which, in use, will lie close to the outer face of the through hull fitting when the electrode is extended.
  • the electrode could either catch something in the water, eg a mooring line or a net or where the electrode comes into contact with a fixed surface, and it is desirable for the electrode to be provided with a point of weakness so that it can snap off before damage occurs to the hull in which it is mounted.
  • the electrode may be a sacrificial anode for protecting an underwater metal surface of the boat, and the electrical connection inside the hull will then be made, directly or indirectly, to the metal surface to be protected.
  • the electrode may be a grounding electrode for grounding metal components and/or radio receivers to water.
  • the invention can provide underwater electrode connections to enhance the electrical earth bonding of marine vessel circuits. This will be of value for example enhancing the performance of RF radio transmission and receiving equipment such as Single Side Band (SSB) transceivers or to reduce the adverse impact of lightning strikes.
  • SSB Single Side Band
  • the through hull fitting may be of the type sold by Airmar Technical Corporation and described in US Patent 5 186 050 which incorporates a flap valve to prevent substantial ingress of water when the sensor is withdrawn through the fitting.
  • the electrode can be easily withdrawn and inspected from within the hull.
  • the degree of usage of a sacrificial anode can be easily monitored, and the anode can be replaced when necessary without having to take the boat out of the water.
  • different anodes of different materials can be easily used when the boat moves from one marine environment to another. For example, it is conventional to use a zinc anode in salt water and a magnesium anode in fresh or brackish water.
  • the anode can be mounted on a non- sacrificial support which locates in the through hull fitting to close the hole in the hull, and to support the anode outside the hull outer skin.
  • the anode itself can be detachably mounted on the support, so that the anode and support can be withdrawn . from the through hull fitting as a unit, the anode itself can be removed and a fresh anode attached to the support which can then be replaced through the through hull fitting.
  • the through hull fitting may be made of either an opaque or a transparent material.
  • the fitting will typically be a plastics moulding but may be metal or a composite material.
  • the use of a transparent material would allow the anode, when withdrawn into the tubular part of the through hull fitting, to be visually inspected for level of wear without removal.
  • the through hull fitting may be opaque but fitted with a viewing aperture in the side wall.
  • the through hull fitting may simply be a tube permanently welded, bonded or bolted through the hull.
  • the anode diameter is slightly less than that of the anode support, so that the anode can still pass through the through hull fitting, even though the anode surface has become slightly blistered and enlarged, for example through oxidisation having taken place.
  • the invention also extends to an anode adapted to form part of an anode assembly as set forth above.
  • the electrode will typically be cylindrical in form.
  • the assembly will be for mounting on a part of the hull underwater surface where it is shielded from possible damage, eg when the boat takes the ground.
  • the mounting of the electrode to an electrode support may be designed to fail if a particular force is applied to the electrode.
  • the invention provides a removable sacrificial anode assembly that can be mounted through a wall where one side of the wall is in contact with a liquid in which a metal surface to be protected from electrochemical corrosion is immersed, the assembly comprising a tubular housing forming a passage through the wall with the exterior of the housing being sealed to the wall, an anode of a dimension able to pass through the tubular housing to close the passage through the wall and means for making an electrical connection on the opposite side of the wall between the anode and a metal surface to be protected.
  • Various alternative mechanisms can be provided for partially or completely closing the aperture in the through hull fitting to reduce or eliminate unwanted flow of water into the boat when the electrode is removed during replacement or inspection.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-section through the fitting of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3a shows an electrode support assembly
  • Figure 3b shows an electrode separated from the support
  • Figure 4 shows an electrode assembly in accordance with the invention, mounted in a boat hull
  • Figure 5 shows a second embodiment of an electrode assembly in accordance with the invention, with the electrode detached;
  • Figure 6 shows a . third embodiment of an electrode assembly in accordance with the invention which allows retraction of the anode without opening the aperture in the through hull fitting;
  • Figure 7 shows the embodiment of Figure 6 with the electrode retracted
  • Figure 8 shows a fourth embodiment of an electrode assembly in accordance with the invention, incorporating a valve arrangement
  • Figure 9 shows a fifth embodiment of an electrode assembly in accordance with the invention where the anode is constructed in segments, and showing an alternative valve arrangement
  • Figure 10 shows a split electrode for use in the fifth embodiment
  • Figure 11 shows a sixth embodiment of an electrode assembly in accordance with the invention incorporating another alternative valve arrangement
  • Figure 12 is a side view of the embodiment of Figure 11.
  • the through hull fitting 10 shown in Figures 1 and 2 is generally tubular in form and made from suitable marine grade materials with a central bore 12 ending in a flange 14 which, in use, will either butt up against the outer surface of a boat hull or be recessed into the hull outer surface so as to be flush with the surface.
  • a threaded ring 16 engages on an externally threaded surface of the fitting 10, and can be screwed onto the fitting from inside the hull after the fitting has been passed through a hole in the hull.
  • a sealing gasket or washer 18, used in conjunction with an appropriate waterproof sealant material will be fitted to ensure a watertight joint between the outside of the through hull fitting and the hull.
  • a threaded cap 20 screws onto the top of the fitting 10 to retain the anode assembly, as will be described below.
  • the bore 12 may be hollow and unobstructed but it is also possible for the through hull fitting to have a sealing mechanism incorporated in the bore.
  • this may be self sealing, for example as described later with reference to Figure 9, where the valve is closed by water pressure below the fitting when there is nothing inserted in the bore, or mechanically sealing by an operator actuating the valve, for example as described later with reference to Figures 11 and 12.
  • a tube may be permanently bonded in the hull to accept the anode and anode support.
  • the electrode takes the form of a sacrificial anode.
  • Figure 3a shows an anode support assembly 22 and Figure 3b shows an anode 24.
  • the anode 24 is a cylindrical body of a suitable sacrificial anode material. This invention is not concerned with the nature of the material, and those skilled in the art will be able to select a suitable material from which this anode will be formed, in accordance with the environmental conditions and the nature of the metal to be protected against corrosion.
  • the anode will preferably be formed entirely from the sacrificial anode material or may consist of the anode material formed around an armature of some description.
  • the anode may include an embedded wear indicator which gives a visual indication of when the anode has been corroded away to the extent that it needs replacement. It would also be possible to incorporate in the anode some form of sensor such as that described in Patent Specification WO2004 101851 which, when exposed, causes a signal to be sent to a remote indicator to indicate that anode replacement is necessary.
  • the anode 24 is to be detachably connected to the anode support 22, and for this purpose has a central counter-bored bore 26 for accepting a bolt 28 ( Figure 4), the head of which will be accommodated within the counterbored area 30.
  • the anode also has a projection at 32 which will fit into a corresponding depression 34 on the anode support 22.
  • the bolt 28 passes through the bore 26 and is screwed into a threaded socket 36 in the anode support.
  • the projection 32 is pujled into the recess 34 to centralise the anode and anode support and to provide a tight mechanical and electrical connection.
  • the projection could alternatively be provided on the support and the recess on the anode.
  • Other joining configurations are also possible, provided they allow the joined anode and support to pass through the bore 12 of the through hull fitting.
  • the bolt 28 may be cast into the anode, when the anode is manufactured, with the bolt head then being trapped within the anode material. The anode can then be made without a bore 26.
  • the anode support 22 has a diameter adapted to pass through the bore 12 of the through hull fitting and, with the help of O-rings in grooves 38, 40 and 42 to make a water-tight seal with the internal surface of the bore 12.
  • a blind bore 44 extends radially into the top of the support, and this bore is intersected by another, threaded, bore 46 extending axially along the support.
  • An electrical cable (not shown) can be inserted into the bore 44 and then a bolt 48 in the bore 46 can be screwed down onto the cable to make an electrical connection between the cable and the anode support.
  • a lock nut 50 can then be screwed down to prevent accidental slackening of the bolt 48.
  • the cable Before entering the blind bore 44, the cable can be passed through a transverse bore 52 which will act as a cable grip to prevent any snagging of the cable resulting in the cable being pulled out of the bore 44.
  • the end of the cable can be cast into the top end of the anode support to make a permanent, electrically conductive connection.
  • the anode support can be made of any suitable material, either as a single piece or as an assembly of different parts.
  • a plastics material is likely to be suitable, for . most of the support, but in this case it will be important to ensure that (a) there is sufficient strength in the socket 34,36, and (b) there is electrical continuity between the anode and the cable bore 44.
  • the top of the anode support can carry a ring 54 to assist in pulling the anode and its support out of the through hull fitting 10 when inspection and/or replacement is called for.
  • Figures 3b and 4 also show where the anode has been provided with a reduced diameter neck 56 in the anode material itself, to form a weakened area which is designed to fail if the anode is subjected to unexpected forces. If the anode should be snapped off at that point, for example by the underside of the hull coming into contact with the ground or with a submerged object, the anode (which is relatively mechanically weak compared to the bolt 28) will be snapped off without damaging any of the other components of the assembly, and it will be easy to subsequently remove the bolt 28 and fit a new anode, in the same way as anode replacement takes place after normal use.
  • the bolt passes from the anode into a threaded bore in the threaded socket 36 in the anode support.
  • the material of the anode is not expected to have particularly good mechanical properties, so the bolt head engages behind a shoulder in the anode, and screws into a threaded bore in the anode support, which can then be constructed of a material which can accept the formation of threads to ensure a good mechanical connection between the anode 24, bolt 28 and the anode support 22.
  • Figure 4 shows the assembly of the through hull fitting 10, anode 24 and anode support 22 in place in a boat hull 58.
  • the fitting 10 has been mounted through a hole in the hull 58 and the ring 16 has been screwed down from the inside of the hull to compress the gasket 18 to seal the fitting to the hull.
  • the anode 24 and anode support 22 have then been introduced through the fitting 10 until the..anode projects outside the hull . 58, and a shoulder 60 of the anode support 22 comes to rest on the top of the fitting 10,
  • the cap 20 is then screwed down onto the fitting 10 to retain the assembly in position.
  • O-rings 62, 64, 66 provide a seal between the anode support and the internal bore 12 of the fitting 10.
  • An electrical cable (not shown) can then be passed through the transverse bore 52 and inserted in the bore 44 before the bolt 48 is tightened down to make an electrical connection between the cable and the anode, via the support 24.
  • the other end of the cable will then be connected to a suitable point in the boat (for example a propeller shaft) that is in direct electrical contact with the external metal components which are to be protected.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an alternative method of connecting an electrical cable 68 to a terminal 70, within an anode holder 124 made of a metal component 72 and a hollow plastics component 74.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show an embodiment in which the anode can be retracted into, without complete removal from, the through hull fitting.
  • components which correspond to components shown in the preceding figures are indicated by the same reference numerals, increased by 200.
  • the through hull fitting 210 will accommodate both the anode 224 and the anode support 222 when the anode is retracted into the fitting 210 ( Figure 7).
  • the support has a flange 275 and a connecting rod 276.
  • the rod 276 passes through an upper flange 277 where O-ring seals 280 are compressed by a threaded collar 279.
  • a cable 268, making the electrical connection with the metal surface is placed in a bore 244, and a threaded end 246 of the rod 276 screws up to intersect the bore 244 to make an electrical contact with the cable.
  • a lock nut 250 secures the threaded connection.
  • O-rings 262 and 264 provide the necessary water-tightness through the fitting 210.
  • FIG 8 shows an embodiment which incorporates a valve flap 300, made from a neoprene or similar flexible waterproof material that self-closes through water pressure when the anode is removed.
  • the flap is shown in three different positions, ie almost fully open (300a), fully closed (300b) and partially open (300c).
  • the through hull fitting 310 in this embodiment is constructed with a separate external flange-plate 314, that is fitted from the outside surface. This form of construction provides an area of enlarged diameter 301 for accommodating the flap 300 when in its open position and thus the anode diameter and the diameter of the hole in the hull can remain unchanged.
  • the anode is made of two segments 444 & 446 (see Figure 10), which are assembled around a central armature 448.
  • the anode support consists of top and bottom plates 445 and 447. These plates and the top and bottom surfaces of the anode are shaped so that the anode segments are trapped between the plates.
  • the armature 448 screws into a bore in the lower plate 445, and a spring 450 acts between the top plate 447 and an upper flange 455 to press the top plate against the segments and thus to retain them between the two plates.
  • This anode construction enables easy replacement of the segments without having to undo any threaded connections.
  • FIG 11 shows an embodiment that incorporates another alternative valve mechanism, shown in the closed position, in which a rotating shutter or plug valve 560, can be revolved through 90 degrees by turning a connecting rod 562 by means of a T-bar handle 564. Watertight integrity of the valve may be retained through inclusion of a sealing mechanism. It will be seen that the mechanism illustrated is substantively similar to that described in Figures 6 & 7.
  • Figure 12 is an external view of the through hull fitting incorporating this rotating valve assembly. This embodiment is also depicted with a separate external flange-plate 514, that is fitted from the outside surface to allow a large diameter anode to be used without increasing the diameter of the hole in the hull.
  • the anode assemblies as described have many advantages over existing sacrificial anodes.
  • the anode can be easily removed (and replaced by a watertight, flush- fitting plug or retracted as shown in Figures 6 and 7) when drag is to be reduced to a minimum, eg for racing, being subsequently replaced or extended after racing
  • the assembly may incorporate a mechanism that allows retraction and extension of the anode without water ingress
  • the anode material can be easily exchanged for a different material when the boat is in a different marine environment - the through hull fitting may be made of a transparent material or formed to incorporate a suitable viewing aperture to allow visual inspection of the-anode . ..
  • the anode can be cleaned of surface oxide or marine growth while the boat is still afloat and without having to enter the water - the anode can be easily replaced when exhausted while the boat is still afloat and without having to enter the water
  • the removable anode can function as a reference anode to indicate the level of electrochemical attack that may be occurring on non-removable anodes mounted elsewhere on the same boat - the anode may alternatively be permanently or temporarily replaced with a electrode made of sintered bronze or similar material for improved radio performance,
  • a template can be provided which can be used to measure a partly corroded anode against the size at which the anode should be replaced.
  • the electrode which projects into the water can be an alternative component made to similar external dimensions but constructed of a material with significantly more active surface area for enhanced electrical conductivity in seawater, such as sintered bronze.
  • the invention is not concerned with the detailed nature of such a material, and those skilled in the art will be able to select a suitable material or form of construction, in accordance with the environment required to increase the quality of the electrical ground or counterpoise required for either improved radio transmission in boats or to enhance the electrical grounding in a boat to reduce the adverse impact of lightning strikes.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une électrode immergée, par exemple une anode sacrificielle (224) destinée à être utilisée pour la protection cathodique d'éléments métalliques immergés situés sur des bateaux ou d'une électrode de mise à la masse. L'électrode est installée dans un accessoire fixé à la coque (210) de manière à pouvoir être inspectée/remplacée sans devoir sortir le bateau de l'eau ou sans devoir plonger sous l'eau pour effectuer l'inspection. L'accessoire fixé à la coque peut être un accessoire fixé à la coque classique tel que par exemple celui utilisé pour installer des transducteurs de vitesse ou des profondimètres sous la ligne de flottaison d'un bateau et peut comprendre un clapet qui empêche l'eau de pénétrer dans le bateau lorsque l'électrode est enlevée.
PCT/GB2007/000128 2006-01-20 2007-01-17 Ensemble électrode immergé WO2007083103A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07704917A EP1974074A2 (fr) 2006-01-20 2007-01-17 Ensemble électrode immergé

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0601164.7 2006-01-20
GB0601164A GB2434374A (en) 2006-01-20 2006-01-20 Immersed electrode

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007083103A2 true WO2007083103A2 (fr) 2007-07-26
WO2007083103A3 WO2007083103A3 (fr) 2007-12-21

Family

ID=36010661

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB2007/000128 WO2007083103A2 (fr) 2006-01-20 2007-01-17 Ensemble électrode immergé

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1974074A2 (fr)
GB (2) GB2434374A (fr)
WO (1) WO2007083103A2 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103060819A (zh) * 2012-12-24 2013-04-24 青岛钢研纳克检测防护技术有限公司 一种远地式辅助阳极的安装装置
WO2014027244A3 (fr) * 2012-08-16 2014-05-22 Brickhouse Innovations, Llc Indicateur de vitesse de bateau électromagnétique amélioré ayant des électrodes amovibles
CN109906006A (zh) * 2019-03-11 2019-06-18 安庆船用电器有限责任公司 船用低速柴油机电控系统
US20210172073A1 (en) * 2019-12-05 2021-06-10 Zimar International, Inc. Selectively removable marine engine anode

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2458141B (en) * 2008-03-06 2011-03-16 Stephen Paul Hopkins A wear indicator for a sacrificial anode and a sacrificial anode assembly comprising the same
EP2300638B1 (fr) * 2008-06-25 2019-08-07 AB Volvo Penta Navire de surface marine et procédé pour une anode sacrificielle dans une construction marine
FI124416B (fi) * 2009-02-05 2014-08-29 Leion Oy Elektrodielementti ja menetelmä elektrodielementin kiinnittämiseksi sekä järjestely sähkökemiallisessa suojauksessa
CN111769380B (zh) * 2020-07-14 2021-12-17 中航国际成套设备有限公司 一种避雷器的多瓣式接地系统

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2243619A (en) * 1990-05-04 1991-11-06 William Newsam Mounting a sacrificial anode in the hull of a boat
US5186050A (en) * 1991-09-25 1993-02-16 Airmar Technology Corporation Marine sensor mounting mechanism
US5373728A (en) * 1993-07-16 1994-12-20 Guentzler; William D. Galvanic anode device and electrolysis control monitor

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL242190A (fr) * 1958-08-13
NL7304591A (fr) * 1973-04-03 1974-10-07
FR2372245A1 (fr) * 1976-11-30 1978-06-23 Fricaud Joseph Dispositif de protection contre la corrosion des structures metalliques immergees dans de l'eau de mer
JPS6092997A (ja) * 1983-10-28 1985-05-24 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 取替可能なシ−チエストアノ−ド
DE4021319A1 (de) * 1990-07-04 1992-01-16 Diehl Gmbh & Co Sicherungseinrichtung fuer eine zum ausloesen einer schaltfunktion bei einem bestimmten hydrostatischen druck vorgesehene ausloeseeinrichtung
JPH11106968A (ja) * 1997-10-06 1999-04-20 Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd 海洋構造物への流電陽極材による電気防食方法
WO2007013826A1 (fr) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-01 Peter Frank Sewell Support d'anode sacrificielle et anodes associees

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2243619A (en) * 1990-05-04 1991-11-06 William Newsam Mounting a sacrificial anode in the hull of a boat
US5186050A (en) * 1991-09-25 1993-02-16 Airmar Technology Corporation Marine sensor mounting mechanism
US5373728A (en) * 1993-07-16 1994-12-20 Guentzler; William D. Galvanic anode device and electrolysis control monitor

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014027244A3 (fr) * 2012-08-16 2014-05-22 Brickhouse Innovations, Llc Indicateur de vitesse de bateau électromagnétique amélioré ayant des électrodes amovibles
US9429588B2 (en) 2012-08-16 2016-08-30 Brickhouse Innovations, Llc Electromagnetic boat speedometer having removable electrodes
US10416187B2 (en) 2012-08-16 2019-09-17 Brickhouse Innovations, Llc Electromagnetic boat speedometer having removable electrodes
CN103060819A (zh) * 2012-12-24 2013-04-24 青岛钢研纳克检测防护技术有限公司 一种远地式辅助阳极的安装装置
CN109906006A (zh) * 2019-03-11 2019-06-18 安庆船用电器有限责任公司 船用低速柴油机电控系统
CN109906006B (zh) * 2019-03-11 2024-01-02 安庆船用电器有限责任公司 船用低速柴油机电控系统
US20210172073A1 (en) * 2019-12-05 2021-06-10 Zimar International, Inc. Selectively removable marine engine anode
US11732367B2 (en) * 2019-12-05 2023-08-22 Zimar International, Inc Selectively removable marine engine anode

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB0701126D0 (en) 2007-02-28
GB2434375B (en) 2008-09-03
EP1974074A2 (fr) 2008-10-01
WO2007083103A3 (fr) 2007-12-21
GB2434375A (en) 2007-07-25
GB0601164D0 (en) 2006-03-01
GB2434374A (en) 2007-07-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2007083103A2 (fr) Ensemble électrode immergé
US3133873A (en) Electrolytic anode and connection
AU2017203164B2 (en) Mounting for boat drive
US9365936B2 (en) Detachable retrievable outboard system and apparatus for sacrificial anodes
EP2864523B1 (fr) Système de protection cathodique
CN109421896B (zh) 海底阀箱及其密封盖板、以及海底阀箱的维修方法
CN200988862Y (zh) 磁吸附式牺牲阳极
CN117712721A (zh) 一种用于铺缆船pfe海洋接地的主电极
US3488274A (en) Electrolytic composite anode and connector
KR100492919B1 (ko) 수중에서 교환가능한 분리형 전극 및 기준전극
WO2017007334A1 (fr) Systèmes de protection cathodique
US3408280A (en) Anode-assembly for cathodic protection systems
WO2009109767A2 (fr) Indicateur d’usure pour anode consommable et ensemble anode consommable doté dudit indicateur
CN113584491A (zh) 一种船用固定式辅助阳极装置
GB2243619A (en) Mounting a sacrificial anode in the hull of a boat
CN204464617U (zh) 一种用于北斗二号船载用户终端的防水连接器
KR20010082429A (ko) 해양구조물용 강제전류인가 방식장치
KR200486092Y1 (ko) 음극화 보호 장치
CN215365987U (zh) 一种船用固定式辅助阳极装置
CN212510128U (zh) 一种可拆卸式探测仪安装座
US11732367B2 (en) Selectively removable marine engine anode
CN210420183U (zh) 用于海上风电和船体具有换新提醒的牺牲阳极
CN114023500B (zh) 用于浮式平台的网状辅助阳极以及参比电极复合电缆装置
CN115386883B (zh) 一种流道型船体牺牲阳极的安装结构
CN218465949U (zh) 牺牲阳极阴极保护装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2007704917

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 2007704917

Country of ref document: EP