WO2007082238A2 - Marteau à face polymère fonctionnelle pour la réduction des vibrations, bruit, et ergonomie améliorée - Google Patents

Marteau à face polymère fonctionnelle pour la réduction des vibrations, bruit, et ergonomie améliorée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007082238A2
WO2007082238A2 PCT/US2007/060341 US2007060341W WO2007082238A2 WO 2007082238 A2 WO2007082238 A2 WO 2007082238A2 US 2007060341 W US2007060341 W US 2007060341W WO 2007082238 A2 WO2007082238 A2 WO 2007082238A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hammer
polymeric material
face
hammer according
polymer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2007/060341
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007082238A3 (fr
Inventor
Brooke Schumm
H. Downman Mccarty
Peter Popper
James L. Glancey
Original Assignee
Hard Hat Technology, Llc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/US2006/037163 external-priority patent/WO2008094134A2/fr
Application filed by Hard Hat Technology, Llc filed Critical Hard Hat Technology, Llc
Publication of WO2007082238A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007082238A2/fr
Publication of WO2007082238A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007082238A3/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D1/00—Hand hammers; Hammer heads of special shape or materials
    • B25D1/02—Inserts or attachments forming the striking part of hammer heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
    • B25D2222/54—Plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
    • B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
    • B25D2222/54—Plastics
    • B25D2222/61—Polyamides, e.g. Nylon

Definitions

  • This invention is for an ergonomic hammer with significantly improved safety and vibration and noise characteristics.
  • This invention consists of a polymer insert, which term can include a cap or face, added to a metal hammer to eliminate metal to metal contact on direct hits, while selecting a polymer that is "tough" in the sense of withstanding repeated impact, while also transmitting force and while not failing.
  • the polymer insert is positioned between the hammer face and the item to be struck - usually a nail.
  • the polymer insert can be secured to the hammer by: a rigid retainer sleeve, preferably of metal or plastic; a pressed-on shaped polymer cap; or a polymer insert pressed into a recess in the hammer.
  • the polymer face thus presented on the metal hammer prevents metal-to-metal contact and thereby: reduces noise and vibration; improves ergonomics; improves safety because it reduces the risk of metal fragments from a hammer head or brittle nails and limits the risk of sparking, reduces marring, and enhances user comfort.
  • the polymer cap is designed with special geometric features and a special polymer material so that it can transmit enough force to drive nails and perform other needed functions but is durable enough to survive repeated blows.
  • marring can be reduced by hammers with broad faces or hammers made of plastic (for very low impact force), usually a moderately hard polymer, but these hammers are unable to obtain the durability, including the avoiding of shattering, while simultaneously achieving continued efficiency in driving nails or the like.
  • the first class of solution is low vibration, shock absorbing hammers using modified handles.
  • Examples include: Gierer et al, U.S. Pat. 6,763,747 entitled “Shock Absorbing Hammer and Handle Assembly,” 20 July 2004, which has elastomeric components added to the handle; Lai, U.S. Pat. 6,619,408, entitled “Hammer in Shock Resistant Arrangement,” 16 Sept. 2003, which proposes a unique geometric structure in handle to absorb shock; Chen, U.S. Pat. 6,405,616 "Hammer with Shock Reduction Structure," 18 June 2002 which presented a modified hammer handle to absorb shock; Wu, U.S. Pat. 6,467,376, entitled “Hammer,” 22 Oct.
  • Gierer U.S. Pat. 6,128,977, entitled “Shock Absorbing Claw Hammer,” 10 Oct. 2000 which uses a multicomponent head with articulating metal parts.
  • a third class of low vibration, shock absorbing hammers are those using shock absorbing layers inserted in a removeable metal cap. Examples are: The disadvantage, from the perspective of the inventors of the present invention, is that that hammer does not eliminate metal to metal contact and the attendant, chipping, marring and spalling.
  • Another class of low vibration, shock absorbing hammers are those using shock absorbing layers Cox, U.S. Pat. 6,463,832, entitled Capped Hammer Head, 15 Oct. 2002, and Cox, U.S. Pat. 6,457,384 entitled “Capped Head Hammer.”
  • a soft layer is inserted in a removeable metal cap.
  • the '384 patent proposes a cap that is squeezed centripetally by a fastener, and further proposes the hammer have a pin that runs through the cap with the soft material and the hammer head and out the other side of the cap which pin loosely holds the so when the hammer strikes, the cap moves toward the hammer head cushioned by the soft material which reduces vibration.
  • Cox U.S. Pat. 6,463,832, entitled Capped Hammer Head, 15 Oct. 2002
  • Cox U.S. Pat. 6,457,384 entitled “Capped Head Hammer,” 1 Oct. 2002, propose a metal hammer cap attached to the hammer by mechanical means with a soft layer between the hammer head and the cap.
  • Figure 1 shows the invention as a hammer with a polymer impact face having a polymer insert (1), on the face of the hammer (3) head secured by a retaining sleeve (2), preferably made of steel.
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the hammer in Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view diagram of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional side view of Figure 1 and shows a distance d which is equal to the protrusion of the polymer face (1) beyond the retaining sleeve (2).
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of an alternate mode of a polymer insert in the form of a polymer insert shaped as a polymer cap over the hammer and shows the rounded interior edges of the polymer insert corresponding to the impact face rounded edges.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a polymer insert shaped like a cap functioning as a cap on the hammer with a relatively wide cavity compared to the diameter of the hammer face into which cavity the polymer insert is set.
  • Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of a polymer insert disposed on the hammer with a relatively wide diameter cavity compared to the diameter of the hammer face into which cavity the polymer insert is set.
  • Figure 8 shows a polymer insert disposed on the hammer with means for securing the polymer insert, in this instance, an annular ring or tab, interior to the polymer insert to retain the polymer insert.
  • Figure 9 shows a cross-sectional view of a tab or vertical indentation (9) disposed on the polymer insert in the form of the cap of Figure 5 interior to the insert to retain the cap on the hammer head.
  • the invention significantly alleviates the current problems in hammers by adding a polymeric material in the form of an insert between the hammer head and the nail or tool being struck, with the preferred mode being to contain the polymeric material within a retaining sleeve or retaining ring.
  • the polymer insert can be a specially shaped one- piece cap that has a sleeve that fits snugly on the hammer head.
  • the hammer head can also have a recess or aperture within which is contained a polymeric material.
  • the polymer insert is attached to the hammer head by any of a number of methods.
  • a snap-on polymer cap a polymer disk secured by a retaining ring or sleeve, or a polymer plug inserted in a recess.
  • the polymer insert is made of a material that can adequately transmit impact force and still survive repeated blows without damage. Nails present a particularly difficult problem.
  • the polymer insert and material selected for its composition and the geometry of the polymer insert are designed to adequately drive nails and still survive repeated blows without failure.
  • the shape of the polymer insert is designed to: minimize crack propagation; maximize force transmission, and, minimize surface marring from off- hits.
  • a retaining sleeve (1) of metal or plastic, preferably steel, contains a polymer insert made of polymeric material shaped like a disk (2) juxtaposed to the impact face of a hammer head (3).
  • the polymer insert is disposed over the face of the hammer head portion of the invention which actually hits the object being struck or driven.
  • the retaining sleeve is firmly pressed on the hammer head but can be removed if the polymer insert needs to be replaced.
  • the polymer insert may be shaped like a cap to surround at least part of the hammer head so that it can be pressed on the hammer head against the hammer impact face and be retained by friction. In that case, a retaining sleeve is not needed. However, a retaining sleeve could be used to reinforce the face being impacted of the polymer insert shaped like a cap.
  • the invention is best used with a hammer, but is suitable for a one or two-faced mallet or sledge and for the face of maul wedge, or other striking device (collectively referred to as a hammer).
  • the head of the hammer is referred to as the impact end.
  • a handle is attached to the impact end, and there is at least one impact face on the hammer which is parallel to the handle.
  • Some sledges or mallets have two opposite impact faces. That impact face is usually flat or crowned and has a hammer face side aligned approximately perpendicularly to the face. Normally the hammer face side is round on a standard carpenter's hammer.
  • the preferred polymeric material for the polymer insert is a Dupont Corporation (Wilmington, Delaware) product called Minion® (registered trademark of Dupont Corporation).
  • the preferred material includes MINLON 11C40 and MINLON 12T.
  • Impact resistant material for the polymer insert such as nylon is contemplated.
  • Another preferred material is fiber reinforced material, or particle reinforced material, preferably mineral particle. Some of the materials have elastomeric tougheners.
  • Materials useful in the invention are DuPont Zytel® polymers. The following Dupont materials are suitable: FN718, 80G33L, 8018, and ST801. The 8018 material seems preferable.
  • thermoplastic polymers which are easier to melt and shape, as opposed to thermosetting materials, which can also be used, but are hard to control in the molding process.
  • the polymer insert is positioned and sized in a way that does not alter the basic use of the hammer.
  • the polymer insert can also be used on any unconventional or specialized hammer (e.g. spike maul) or other impact tool (e.g. impact wrench) or hand nailer.
  • the polymer insert can be secured by having protrusions in the sides of the polymer insert, either longitudinal (perpendicular to the impact face) or circumferential, or on the hammer head, either longitudinal (perpendicular to the impact face) or circumferential.
  • the cap can be attached to the hammer by mechanical means of fitting over or into grooves or by a suitable adhesive.
  • the geometry of a preferred mode of polymer insert is shown in more detail by the cross section shown on Fig 5.
  • the geometric details are set in a number of ways.
  • the interior shape of the cap matches the hammer head chamfer or rounding and is preferably rounded, and also the impact face.
  • the interior edge of the polymer insert in the form of a cap as shown in Figure 5 is rounded preferably by a radius of at least .005 inches.
  • the outside edge of the polymer insert shaped like a cap is rounded to a relatively large radius of .125 inches or 3mm and referred to as a rounded corner.
  • all shape curvatures near the impact face surface are rounded.
  • the insert thickness in the impact zone is set to a level to permit high forces to be transmitted. A large thickness would effectively soften the material and reduce the peak force. However, the thickness cannot be less than a level needed to prevent fracture.
  • the geometry of the cap is further shown by the cross section on Fig 4.
  • the relative position of the hammer head impact face and the polymer insert are shown.
  • Small interior protrusions on the cap can be added to insure a snug fit.
  • Fig. 9. A small gap between the polymer insert as a cap and the hammer face side can be included as shown in Fig. 9, to accommodate slight variations of dimensions and still insure a snug fit.
  • the properties of the polymer cap must be set to compromise between two conflicting requirements.
  • the polymer modulus must be high to insure a high peak impact force, and, the polymer's impact resistance must also be high.
  • the preferred method of manufacture is to heat the retaining sleeve and expand it, slide the ring by the polymer insert, and onto the hammer head, leaving a protrusion of the polymer insert in the preferred mode of less than .020 inches.
  • the polymer insert in this mode should have a larger area than the area of the impact face, and should be about .001 in. larger ( normally in diameter) than the retaining sleeve, which sleeve corresponds to the perimeter of the impact face of the hammer so that the retaining sleeve applies compression on the polymer insert.
  • the rounding of the edge of the polymer insert if desired could be .005 inches.
  • the invention enables the minimization of polymer material, which for the quality and characteristics of the preferred mode saves expense.
  • a cap made of polymeric material would be proposed to normally be about .2 inches thick between the impact face of the hammer and the item to be struck.
  • the inventors utilize materials with inherently high impact resistance such as nylon polymers but not limited to them. Then, the polymer modulus is used in conjunction with the cap geometry to set the deformation resistance "k" to a maximum level consistent with durability requirements.
  • the value of "k” can be computed from the following:
  • E polymer modulus (lb/sq in) for the selected polymer material
  • A cross section area (sq in) [3-5]
  • t polymer thickness in impact zone (in) [2-5]
  • k deformation resistance (lb/in)
  • the polymer material is preferably made of a reinforced polymer.
  • the reinforcement can consist of combinations of toughening materials, reinforcing fibers (e.g. fiberglass), or minerals.
  • An example of such a reinforced polymer is Zytel® 8018 (DuPont - Engineering Polymers) or DuPont Corp. MINLON® reinforced nylon, including, for example, 11C40 and 12T.
  • Materials for the cap include, but are not limited to, the polymer families of: polyamides, polyesters, polyurethanes, polyaramids, PEEK, PEECK, acrylics, phenolics, polycarbonates; and, they may be reinforced with short fibers, long fibers, fabrics, minerals, toughening agents, other polymers, metals, or other substances.
  • the invention is made by heating the retaining ring to expand it.
  • the retaining ring is pressed over the polymer insert disposed on the hammer impact face and thus pressed around the hammer face side until only a distance d protrudes (Fig. 4).
  • the distance d is preferred to be at least .190 inches.
  • the polymer insert and the retaining ring which functions as a rigid metal sleeve cooperate in a novel way to accomplish an unexpected effect.
  • the impact of a hit on the polymer insert puts compressive load on the polymer insert whereupon the polymer insert attempts to expand radially.
  • the retaining ring which is functioning as a sleeve on the polymer insert increases the polymer's "effective modulus" by a large factor
  • the sleeve has another cooperative effective of limiting crack growth and the failure of the polymer insert.
  • Equation 2 part of the novelty of the invention is that the rigid metal sleeve or retaining ring creates a factor of effective polymer modulus increase F which when multiplied by the pre-existing E (that is the polymer modulus) results in a higher effective polymer modulus E'.
  • the polymer insert thickness can be thicker and thus more durable and effective than a like polymer insert disposed on the impact face without a retaining ring or sleeve.
  • the inventors propose to use a polymer insert that would function desirably without a retaining ring or sleeve, and then use the retaining ring or sleeve to reinforce and stiffen the polymer insert by increasing the effective polymer modulus E'.
  • the containment of the polymer in the retaining ring or sleeve, or in an alternative mode, within a cavity within the hammer enables a surprising and disproportionate increase from the modulus of the raw polymer material in a sense of creating a higher effective modulus for a given thickness of material.
  • That higher effective modulus means the material is stiffer and more force transmitted through the polymer.
  • the deformation resistance is higher for a given thickness of material.
  • the design of this invention overcomes a problem, in the prior art of relative softness of material which is ergonomically and economically undesirable.
  • Cox '832 and '384 hammer patents are significantly different because they contemplate movement of a metal cap, so there is metal to metal contact with the nail or object being driven, against a soft; material, and do not contemplate the moving cap being used to exert centripetal force on the soft polymer material contemplated in the '832 and '384 patents.
  • These Cox patents are assigned to Vaughan and Bushnell Manufacturing Company of Hebron, Illinois, and a current Vaughan hammer embodies at least one of the disclosed modes in the Cox patents.
  • the polymer insert in the shape of a cap over the impact face and hammer face side as discussed next does not achieve this sleeve-enhanced modulus though it presents a number of advantages, primarily durability and modulus, and most importantly from a safety viewpoint: no risk of metal to metal contact, even form an indirect hit.
  • the mode of invention of a polymer insert in the shape of a cap over the impact face proposes to conform the cap to the shape of the hammer head.
  • the polymer insert in the shape of a cap should have the exterior corner of the impact face rounded or beveled to roughly imitate a curve of greater than 0.125 inches or 3 mm. If the hammer has a pronounced crown, the cap needs to conform to the crown; otherwise, the preferred mode is to conform to the crown, but it is less significant. If the hammer crown is curved at its edge between the impact face of the hammer and the circumference of the hammer, the preferred mode is to conform the polymer cap and have a curve of greater than 0.125 inches or 3 mm on the exterior corner of the polymer insert.
  • the polymer insert in the shape of a cap can be removeable and replaceable.
  • a mode for securing the polymer cap is to use protrusions in the cap circumferential to the hammer head.
  • a protrusion, preferably in the center can be used on the back of the cap to fit in a corresponding cavity in the hammer face.
  • the polymer insert can be designed to be set in a cavity in the impact face of the hammer as shown in Figure 7.
  • the polymer insert should protrude less than .02 inches.
  • the corners of the polymer insert away from the impact face of the hammer can be rounded to .005 inches radius.
  • the wall of the cavity need only be thick enough to contain the polymer insert and not fail on impact of the insert.
  • the wall of the cavity then functions much like the previously- described retaining ring or sleeve holding the polymer insert shaped like a disk.
  • the polymer cap or polymer insert surrounded by a retaining sleeve or ring present the advantage of being removeable.
  • the polymer cap is removable by tapping off cap.
  • the polymer insert is removeable by tapping off the retaining ring or sleeve using light impacts and a backing surface.
  • the impact face while normally round, can be polygonal in shape and the retaining ring or sleeve congruently shaped to the polygonal shape.
  • the polymer insert can be replaced and the retaining ring or sleeve hammered on by annular pressure normal to the circumference of the sleeve.
  • the polymer cap or cap with a protrusion to hold it in place, or with friction ridges, can be tapped back on over the head of the hammer.
  • a protrusion of the polymer insert is placed in a recess or pocket in the hammer face.
  • This recess is generally, but not necessarily, cylindrical.
  • the polymer insert is pressed into the recess and optionally may be secured with the appropriate adhesive.
  • This compression and seating can be performed by utilizing an Instron (Boston, Mass.) hydraulic machine and applying a 40 Hz non-impacting pressure to the cap to seat it in a cavity in the interchangeable working tool.
  • the polymer insert would be pressed snugly into the just described recess or cavity on the impact face of the hammer.
  • the polymer insert, or protrusion from the polymer insert is loaded in by hydraulic compression for a number of cycles in order to fully insure that the polymer insert is fully compressed in the recess. This is referred to as cyclic compression load.
  • An aperture can be included to enable better seating..
  • Test 1 Hammer 3 inch standard nails through 1x2 inch pine Results: Done repeatedly (4 times) on same sample, no polymer damage, some surface discoloration. Approximately the same number of hammer blows as without polymer.
  • Test 2 Hammer out 3 inch nails previously driven through wood through 1 inch thick pine and protruding from back face
  • test was developed to assess the ability of polymer faced hammers to drive nails. This basic test is obviously needed to demonstrate the functionality of a particular design and of a particular polymer type. The test was done using an automated hammer tester (ref- Glancey, JX. et al, "A New Cyclic Impact Device and Standard Testing Methodology for Hand Struck Tools:, No. IMECE2003-41455, Proc of 2003 ASME International Annual Meeting, Washington, DC). The test parameters on this tester were set to drive nails into wood.
  • Control Hammer a conventional steel driving hammer with the same mass as the polymer faced hammer.
  • Nail Driving Efficiency Average of Penetration Depth (polymer faced hammer) /
  • a standard test was developed to assess the ability of capped hammers to withstand repeated blows.
  • the test was done using an automated hammer tester (ref — Glancey,J.L. et al, "A New Cyclic Impact Device and Standard Testing Methodology for Hand Struck Tools:, No. IMECE2003-41455, Proc of 2003 ASME International Annual Meeting, Washington, DC).
  • the test parameters on this tester were set to harsh conditions in an "accelerated durability rating" test to simulate extended use.
  • the rod has approximately the same diameter as the head of a 16 penny nail head nail head and cannot move
  • Run impacts until steel rod penetrates lmm into polymer insert (terminate test at 500 cycles if less than lmm of penetration occurs).
  • Polymer insert failure defined as lmm of permanent indentation occurring in less than 500 cycles.
  • Accelerated Durability Rating Number of cycles to failure in this test
  • a hammer made according to the invention with a retaining ring or sleeve around a polymer insert set on the impact face of the hammer, as in Figure 4, can be expected to perform in a superior fashion to the hammer capped with polymer insert configured as cap over impact face and at least part of hammer face side, see Figure 5.
  • a hammer made according to the invention with a polymer insert in a cavity in the impact face of the hammer as illustrated in Figure 7 will have similar performance characteristics to a hammer made according to the invention with a retaining sleeve over a polymer insert set on the impact face of the hammer, as in Figure 4, both of which can be expected to conform in superior fashion to the hammer in Figure 5.
  • snap-in geometry is meant to include ridges or the like that fit to a series of concentric perturbations in the surface of the hammer on the sides roughly perpendicular to the impact face so that the hammer cap is essentially non-removable.
  • a mechanical connection is meant to mean screws, pins, adhesive or snap-in geometry elements sometimes referred to as interference elements which impede movement as between the polymer insert, which can be a cap or face, and the hammer head.
  • the interference elements can be a tab or vertical indentation or annular ring around the hammer head on the hammer face side for a polymer insert shaped like a cap, or a tab, vertical indentation or annular ring located inside a cavity in the impact face for an insert inserted into the cavity.
  • the term mechanical connector means that one part to have another part placed on it is slightly larger so that the part placed in juxtaposition is held in place by compression, or if one part is to have another part placed within it, the part to be inserted is slightly larger.
  • An adhesive can be used to secure a polymer insert.
  • the handle may also be cushioned by materials and technology in the art such as rubber, or various synthetic materials to further dissipate vibration. That (those) material(s) to cushion the handle are referred to as cushioning material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Percussive Tools And Related Accessories (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)

Abstract

La présente concerne un insert en polymère, qui peut comprendre un capuchon ou une face, que l'on ajoute à un marteau de métal pour supprimer tout contact entre les métaux sur des chocs directs, et minimiser tout contact entre les métaux lors de chocs indirects. L'insert en polymère est sélectionné pour être objectivement 'résistant', en ce sens qu'il résiste aux impacts répétés, tout en transmettant une force pour frapper un objet à coup sûr. L'insert en polymère est positionné entre la face du marteau et l'objet à frapper - habituellement un clou. L'insert en polymère peut être fixé au marteau par : un manchon de retenue rigide, de préférence en métal ou plastique; un capuchone en polymère conformé comprimé; ou un insert en polymère comprimé dans une cavité dans le marteau. La face polymère présente sur le marteau de métal empêche tout contact entre les métaux et réduit ainsi le bruit et les vibrations; améliore l'ergonomie; améliore la sécurité parce qu'elle réduit le risque des fragments de métal projetés de la tête d'un marteau ou de clous friables et limite le risque d'étincelles, réduit les rayures, et renforce le confort de l'utilisateur.
PCT/US2007/060341 2006-01-10 2007-01-10 Marteau à face polymère fonctionnelle pour la réduction des vibrations, bruit, et ergonomie améliorée WO2007082238A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US76661506P 2006-01-10 2006-01-10
US60/766,615 2006-01-10
US76728906P 2006-03-15 2006-03-15
US60/767,289 2006-03-15
USPCT/US2006/003716 2006-09-25
PCT/US2006/037163 WO2008094134A2 (fr) 2005-09-23 2006-09-25 Combinaison d'un outil à impact et d'un matériau à module relativement inférieur mis en forme
US88416807P 2007-01-09 2007-01-09
AE60/884,168 2007-01-09

Publications (2)

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WO2007082238A2 true WO2007082238A2 (fr) 2007-07-19
WO2007082238A3 WO2007082238A3 (fr) 2008-01-03

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1742049A2 (fr) * 2005-07-07 2007-01-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Appareil de maintenance basé sur le laser
CN103111987A (zh) * 2013-01-28 2013-05-22 上海齐迈五金有限公司 一种锤子辅助件及锤子

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1711505A (en) * 1928-03-21 1929-05-07 William H Mccracken Soft hammer
US3185146A (en) * 1962-08-14 1965-05-25 Leopoldi Norbert Neurologist's hammer
US3821973A (en) * 1973-08-17 1974-07-02 Nupla Corp Replaceable hammer tip
US20040016330A1 (en) * 2001-07-23 2004-01-29 Mccarty H. Downman Anti-spalling combination on an impact tool with an improved holding system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1711505A (en) * 1928-03-21 1929-05-07 William H Mccracken Soft hammer
US3185146A (en) * 1962-08-14 1965-05-25 Leopoldi Norbert Neurologist's hammer
US3821973A (en) * 1973-08-17 1974-07-02 Nupla Corp Replaceable hammer tip
US20040016330A1 (en) * 2001-07-23 2004-01-29 Mccarty H. Downman Anti-spalling combination on an impact tool with an improved holding system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1742049A2 (fr) * 2005-07-07 2007-01-10 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Appareil de maintenance basé sur le laser
EP1742049B1 (fr) * 2005-07-07 2009-12-09 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Appareil de maintenance basé sur un laser
CN103111987A (zh) * 2013-01-28 2013-05-22 上海齐迈五金有限公司 一种锤子辅助件及锤子

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