WO2007078053A1 - Charge and discharge system of a direct current regenerative form - Google Patents

Charge and discharge system of a direct current regenerative form Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007078053A1
WO2007078053A1 PCT/KR2006/004864 KR2006004864W WO2007078053A1 WO 2007078053 A1 WO2007078053 A1 WO 2007078053A1 KR 2006004864 W KR2006004864 W KR 2006004864W WO 2007078053 A1 WO2007078053 A1 WO 2007078053A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charging
power
discharging
power supply
voltage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2006/004864
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jong Guk La
Young Jun Kim
Man Rae Kim
Original Assignee
Kapjin Co., Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kapjin Co., Ltd. filed Critical Kapjin Co., Ltd.
Publication of WO2007078053A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007078053A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
    • H02J7/00045—Authentication, i.e. circuits for checking compatibility between one component, e.g. a battery or a battery charger, and another component, e.g. a power source

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a charging and discharging system and, more particularly, to a Direct Current (DC) regenerative-type charging and discharging system that can regenerate discharge power and use the regenerated power to charge a secondary battery.
  • DC Direct Current
  • secondary batteries are mainly used as storage batteries due to an advantage in which acting material is repeatedly regenerated by supplying electrical energy to secondary batteries, that is, charging the secondary batteries, after the acting material has been changed through the discharge of electrical energy, unlike a primary battery, which is consumed and thus cannot be regenerated once the chemical change of the acting material is performed.
  • a prior art charging and discharging system adopts a method of dropping the voltage of DC power and then charging secondary batteries, and discharging DC power from the charged secondary batteries by consuming the DC power through discharge loads.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a DC regenerative-type charging and discharging system that is capable of regenerating discharge power and using it to charge secondary batteries.
  • two or more charger/ dischargers B l ⁇ Bn are connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit A, and the discharge load D is connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit A, so that the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn receive DC power from the DC power supply line, charge the secondary batteries El-En and regenerate the DC power from the charged secondary batteries El-En to the DC power supply line, and the discharge load D detects the current and voltage of the DC power supply line and consumes the power from the DC power supply line if the detected current and voltage increase above a predetermined allowable value. Accordingly, there is an advantage in that the power consumption of the charging and discharging system is significantly reduced.
  • the discharge load D is installed in the DC power supply line with independently of the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn, a problem in which the charger/ dischargers B 1-Bn are thermally damaged due to the discharge load D heated to a high temperature.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a charging and discharging system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a third embodiment of a charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of a charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the fifth embodiment of a charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention.
  • A DC power supply unit
  • Bl-Bn charger/discharger
  • the present invention provides a charging and discharging system comprising a DC power supply unit for supplying DC power for charging of secondary batteries to charger/dischargers via a DC power supply line, that is, detecting current and voltage of the DC power supply line and then stably supplying DC power; the charger/dischargers for receiving DC power from the DC power supply unit and then charging the secondary batteries, or discharging the charged secondary batteries; a main control unit for controlling operation of the charger/dischargers; and a discharge load for consuming power discharged from the charger/dischargers, wherein two or more charger/dischargers are connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit, and the discharge load is connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit, so that the charger/dischargers receive DC power from the DC power supply line, charge the secondary batteries and regenerate the DC power from the charged secondary batteries to the DC power supply line, and the discharge load detects current and voltage of the DC power
  • a charging and discharging system is configured to include a DC power supply unit A for supplying DC power for the charging of secondary batteries El-En to charger/dischargers Bl-Bn via a DC power supply line, that is, detecting the current and voltage of the DC power supply line and then stably supplying DC power; the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn for receiving DC power from the DC power supply unit A and then charging the secondary batteries El-En, or discharging the charged secondary batteries El-En; a main control unit C for controlling the operation of the charger/dischargers B 1-Bn; and a discharge load D for consuming power discharged from the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn.
  • a DC power supply unit A for supplying DC power for the charging of secondary batteries El-En to charger/dischargers Bl-Bn via a DC power supply line, that is, detecting the current and voltage of the DC power supply line and then stably supplying DC power
  • the present invention is characterized in that two or more charger/dischargers Bl-Bn are connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit A, and the discharge load D is connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit A, so that the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn receive DC power from the DC power supply line, charge the secondary batteries El-En and regenerate the DC power from the charged secondary batteries El-En to the DC power supply line, and the discharge load D detects the current and voltage of the DC power supply line and consumes the power from the DC power supply line if the detected current and voltage increase above a predetermined allowable value.
  • any type of known DC power supply unit may be used as the DC power supply unit A, as long as the DC power supply unit can detect the current and voltage of the DC power supply line and perform feedback control so that DC power can be supplied stably. Since the DC power supply unit A, which is capable of feedback control, has been well known and is widely implemented in the pertinent field, a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
  • the charger/dischargers B 1-Bn each include a charging and discharging unit configured to drop the voltage of DC power from the DC power supply line and then charge the secondary batteries El-En, and to boost the voltage of DC power from the charged secondary batteries El-En and then regenerate the boosted voltage to the DC power supply line; and a charge and discharge control unit 200 configured to be controlled by the main control unit, and to detect the charge current and voltage and discharge current and voltage of the secondary batteries El-En and control the operation of the charging and discharging unit.
  • a charging and discharging unit configured to drop the voltage of DC power from the DC power supply line and then charge the secondary batteries El-En, and to boost the voltage of DC power from the charged secondary batteries El-En and then regenerate the boosted voltage to the DC power supply line
  • a charge and discharge control unit 200 configured to be controlled by the main control unit, and to detect the charge current and voltage and discharge current and voltage of the secondary batteries El-En and control the operation of the charging and discharging unit.
  • the charging and discharging unit 110 may be configured to include a charge unit 111, including a power conversion unit I l ia which is operated under the control of the charge and discharge control unit 200, and drops the voltage of the DC power while converting DC power from the DC power supply line into Alternating Current (AC) power, and a rectifier unit 11 Ib which rectifies the dropped AC power from the power conversion unit 112a into DC power and outputs the rectified power to the secondary batteries El-En, and a discharge unit 112, including a power conversion unit 112a which is operated under the control of the charge and discharge control unit 200, and boosts the voltage of the DC power while converting DC power from the secondary batteries El-En into AC power, and a rectifier unit 112b which rectifies the boosted AC power from the power conversion unit 112a into DC power and outputs the rectified power to the DC power supply line.
  • a charge unit 111 including a power conversion unit I l ia which is operated under the control of the charge and discharge control unit 200, and drops the
  • charge and discharge control unit 200 Any type of known charge and discharge control unit may be used as the charge and discharge control unit 200 as long as the known charge and discharge control unit can detect the charge current and voltage and discharge current and voltage of the secondary batteries El-En and perform feedback control so that the charge and discharge of the secondary batteries El-En can be appropriately performed. Since the charge and discharge control unit 200 capable of feedback control is well known and widely practiced in the pertinent field, a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
  • the main control unit C is a means for controlling the operation of the charger/ dischargers Bl-Bn, and indirectly controls the operation of the charging and discharging units 110 by controlling the operation of the charge and discharge control units 200 of the charger/dischargers B 1-Bn.
  • the main control unit C detects the charge current and voltage and discharge current and voltage of respective secondary batteries El-En for respective charger/dischargers Bl-Bn, and monitors whether corresponding charger/dischargers Bl-Bn operate normally.
  • Analog/Digital (A/D) converters [not shown; elements constituting part of the main control unit] may be provided in respective charger/dischargers Bl-Bn so as to convert the charge and discharge current and charge and discharge voltage, that is, analog signals, from the secondary batteries El-En into digital signals.
  • A/D Analog/Digital
  • the number of the charger/dischargers is large, it is preferable to use a switching unit Fl for detecting charge and discharge current and a switching unit F2 for detecting charge and discharge voltage, as described in FIG. 1, the switching unit Fl and switching unit F2 being operated under the control of the main control unit C.
  • the main control unit C detects the charge and discharge current and charge and discharge voltage of the secondary batteries El-En is to monitor whether corresponding charger/dischargers Bl-Bn are operated normally, it is not necessary to simultaneously detect the operation of all of the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn in real time.
  • any type of discharge load may be used as the discharge load D as long as the discharge load is capable of detecting the current and voltage of the DC power supply line, and consumes the power from the DC power supply line if the detected current and voltage increase above a predetermined allowable value. Since such a discharge load D is also well known and widely practiced in the pertinent field, a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
  • the power conversion units 11 Ia of the of the charge unit 111 When the power conversion units 11 Ia of the of the charge unit 111 are operated as described above, DC power from the DC power supply line is dropped while being converted into AC power and is then output to the rectifier unit 11 Ib, and AC power from the power conversion unit 11 Ia is rectified into DC power through the rectifier unit 11 Ib and is then output to the secondary batteries El-En.
  • the power conversion units 112a of the discharge units 112 are stopped and, thus, discharge lines to rectifier units 11 Ib are blocked, and the secondary batteries El-En receive and are charged with DC power from the rectifier units 11 Ib of the corresponding charge units 111.
  • the charge and discharge control units 200 Upon charging the secondary batteries El-En, the charge and discharge control units 200 detect the charge current and charge voltage for the secondary batteries El-En and appropriately control the operation of the charge units 111 to compensate for current and voltage error.
  • the power conversion units 112a of the discharge units 112 are operated in the state in which the power conversion units 11 Ia of the charge units 111 are stopped and, thus, charge lines from the DC power supply line are blocked, DC power from corresponding secondary batteries El-En is boosted while being converted to AC power, and is then output to the rectifier units 112b, and AC power from the power conversion units 11 Ia is rectified by the rectifier unit 112b and is then regenerated to the DC supply line.
  • the charge and discharge control units 200 detect discharge current and discharge voltage from the secondary batteries El-En and appropriately control the operation of the charge units 111 to compensate for current and voltage error.
  • the discharge load D is disposed in the DC power supply line independently of the chargers and discharges B 1-Bn, so that the problem in which the charger/ dischargers B 1-Bn are thermally damaged by the discharge load D heated to a high temperature does not occur.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention.
  • the charging and discharging unit 120 includes a primary first winding al; a primary second winding a2 connected in series to the primary first winding al for charging; a primary first switch bl connected between the primary first winding al and the primary second winding a2 and configured to control the supply of power to the primary winding al; a primary second switch b2 connected in series to the primary second winding a2 and configured to control the discharge of power from the primary first winding al and the primary second winding a2; a secondary winding a3 having a smaller number of turns than the primary first winding al; and a secondary switch b3 connected in series to the secondary winding a3 and configured to control the supply of power to the secondary batteries E (El-En) and the discharge of power from the secondary batteries E (El-En).
  • the primary first s witch bl The primary first
  • the primary first switch bl and the secondary switch cl are oppositely on-off controlled in conjunction with each other, therefore power induced electromagnetically is rectified naturally even if a separate rectifier is not installed on the secondary side. Meanwhile, since voltage at the primary side should be higher than voltage at the secondary side, the number of turns of the primary first winding al should be larger than the number of turns of the secondary winding a3.
  • the secondary switch b3 and the primary second switch b2 are on-off oppositely controlled in conjunction with each other, therefore power induced electromagnetically is rectified naturally, even of a separate rectifier is not installed on the secondary side. Meanwhile, in order to regenerate discharge power to the DC power supply line by boosting a low secondary side voltage to a relatively high voltage compared to the secondary side voltage, it is necessary to increase the number of turns on the primary side by turning off the primary first switch bl, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • a rectification diode cl may be installed between the primary second winding a2 and the primary second switch b2.
  • the discharge power is regenerated to the DC power supply line by appropriately on-off controlling only the secondary switch b3 in the state in which the primary first switch bl is turned off and the primary second switch b2 is turned on, it may not be necessary to control the secondary switch b3 and primary second switch b2 in reverse synchronization.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates the third embodiment of the charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention.
  • the charging and discharging unit 130 includes a pair of first and second charging switches b4 and b5 connected in series to each other; a charging inductor dl connected between the first charging switch b4 and the second charging switch b5, and configured to drop the voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line and output the voltage-dropped charge power to the secondary batteries E (El-En); a pair of first and second discharging switches b6 and b7 connected in series to each other and in parallel with the pair of first and second charging switches b4 and b5; and an charging inductor d2 connected between the first discharging switch b6 and the second discharging switch b7, and configured to boost the voltage of discharge power from the secondary batteries E (El-En) and regenerate the voltage-boosted discharge power to the DC power supply line.
  • the first and second charging switches b4 and b5 connected in
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the fourth embodiment of the charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention.
  • the charging and discharging unit 140 includes a pair of charging switch b8 and regenerative charging diode c2 connected in series to each other; a charging inductor d3 connected between the charging switch b8 and the regenerative charging diode c2, and configured to drop the voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line and output the voltage-dropped charge power to the secondary batteries E (El-En); a pair of discharging switch b9 and regenerative discharging diode c3 connected in series to each other and in parallel with the pair of charging switch b8 and regenerative charging diode c2; and a discharging inductor d4 connected between the discharging switch b8 and the regenerative discharging diode c3, and configured to boost the voltage of discharge power from the secondary batteries E (El-En) and
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the fifth embodiment of the charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention.
  • the charging and discharging unit 150 includes a pair of first and second charging and discharging switches blO and bl 1 connected in series to each other; and a charging and discharging inductor d5 connected between the first charging and discharging switch blO and the second charging and discharging switch bl 1 and configured to drop the voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line and output the voltage-dropped charge power to the secondary batteries E (El-En) and to boost the voltage of discharge power from the secondary batteries E (El-En) and regenerate the voltage-boosted discharge power to the DC power supply line.
  • the first and second charging and discharging switches blO and bl 1 are on-off controlled by the charge and discharge control unit 200.
  • the regenerative charging diode c4 functions to reverse counter electromotive force occurring in the charging and discharging inductor d5 again to the first charging and discharging switch blO when the first charging and discharging switch blO is turned off, so that charging is continuously performed by the charging and discharging inductor d5, even if the first charging and discharging switch blO is turned off.
  • the regenerative discharging diode c5 functions to reverse counter electromotive force occurring in the charging and discharging inductor d5 to the second charging and discharging switch bl 1 when the second charging and discharging switch bl 1 is turned off, so that discharging is continuously performed by the charging and discharging inductor d5, even if the second charging and discharging switch bl 1 is turned off.

Abstract

The present invention relates to a charging and discharging system. Two or more charger/ dischargers Bl-Bn are connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit A, and the discharge load D is connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit A, so that the charger/dischargers B l-Bn receive DC power from the DC power supply line, charge the secondary batteries El-En and regenerate the DC power from the charged secondary batteries El-En to the DC power supply line, and the discharge load D detects the current and voltage of the DC power supply line and consumes the power from the DC power supply line if the detected current and voltage increase above a predetermined allowable value. Accordingly, there is an advantage in that the power consumption of the charging and discharging system is significantly reduced.

Description

Description
CHARGE AND DISCHARGE SYSTEM OF A DIRECT CURRENT REGENERATIVE FORM
Technical Field
[1] The present invention relates to a charging and discharging system and, more particularly, to a Direct Current (DC) regenerative-type charging and discharging system that can regenerate discharge power and use the regenerated power to charge a secondary battery.
[2]
Background Art
[3] As is well known, secondary batteries are mainly used as storage batteries due to an advantage in which acting material is repeatedly regenerated by supplying electrical energy to secondary batteries, that is, charging the secondary batteries, after the acting material has been changed through the discharge of electrical energy, unlike a primary battery, which is consumed and thus cannot be regenerated once the chemical change of the acting material is performed.
[4] The manufacture of such a secondary battery product is completed by testing the performance of the secondary battery through repeated charges and discharges via a charging and discharging system in a manufacturing process, and then finally charging the secondary battery.
[5] A prior art charging and discharging system adopts a method of dropping the voltage of DC power and then charging secondary batteries, and discharging DC power from the charged secondary batteries by consuming the DC power through discharge loads.
[6] However, in the prior art charging and discharging system, discharge loads are installed independently in the discharge units of charger/dischargers constituting part of the charging and discharging system, so that all of the DC power is consumed through the discharge loads, thereby consuming a lot of power.
[7] Furthermore, in the prior art charging and discharging system, the discharge loads are respectively provided in the charger/dischargers, so that a problem occurs in that peripheral components constituting part of the charger/dischargers are thermally damaged by the high temperature when the discharge loads are heated to a high temperature during the discharge of the secondary batteries.
[8]
Disclosure of Invention Technical Problem [9] Accordingly, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a DC regenerative-type charging and discharging system that is capable of regenerating discharge power and using it to charge secondary batteries.
Advantageous Effects
[10] According to the present invention described above, two or more charger/ dischargers B l~Bn are connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit A, and the discharge load D is connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit A, so that the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn receive DC power from the DC power supply line, charge the secondary batteries El-En and regenerate the DC power from the charged secondary batteries El-En to the DC power supply line, and the discharge load D detects the current and voltage of the DC power supply line and consumes the power from the DC power supply line if the detected current and voltage increase above a predetermined allowable value. Accordingly, there is an advantage in that the power consumption of the charging and discharging system is significantly reduced.
[11] Furthermore, in the charging and discharging system according to the present invention, the discharge load D is installed in the DC power supply line with independently of the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn, a problem in which the charger/ dischargers B 1-Bn are thermally damaged due to the discharge load D heated to a high temperature.
[12] Furthermore, when an integrated charging and discharging unit described in FIG. 2 is employed, the advantage of the simplification of the structure of the charger/ dischargers Bl-Bn is expected.
[13]
Brief Description of the Drawings
[14] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a charging and discharging system according to the present invention;
[15] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of a charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention;
[16] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a third embodiment of a charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention;
[17] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a fourth embodiment of a charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention; and [18] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the fifth embodiment of a charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention.
[19] -Description of reference numerals of principal elements in accompanying drawings-
[20] A: DC power supply unit, Bl-Bn: charger/discharger
[21] C: main control unit D: discharge load
[22] E, El-En: secondary battery Fl, F2: switching unit
[23] 110-150: charging and discharging unit
[24] 111: charging unit I l ia: power conversion unit
[25] 11 Ib: rectifier unit 112: discharging unit
[26] 112a: power conversion unit 112b: rectifier unit
[27] 200: charge and discharge control unit
[28] al~a3: winding bl~bl l: switch
[29] cl~c5: diode dl~d5: inductor
[30]
Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention
[31] In order to accomplish the above object, the present invention provides a charging and discharging system comprising a DC power supply unit for supplying DC power for charging of secondary batteries to charger/dischargers via a DC power supply line, that is, detecting current and voltage of the DC power supply line and then stably supplying DC power; the charger/dischargers for receiving DC power from the DC power supply unit and then charging the secondary batteries, or discharging the charged secondary batteries; a main control unit for controlling operation of the charger/dischargers; and a discharge load for consuming power discharged from the charger/dischargers, wherein two or more charger/dischargers are connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit, and the discharge load is connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit, so that the charger/dischargers receive DC power from the DC power supply line, charge the secondary batteries and regenerate the DC power from the charged secondary batteries to the DC power supply line, and the discharge load detects current and voltage of the DC power supply line and consumes the power from the DC power supply line if the detected current and voltage increase above a predetermined allowable value.
[32]
Mode for the Invention
[33] The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings below. [34] Referring to FIG. 1, a charging and discharging system according to the present invention is configured to include a DC power supply unit A for supplying DC power for the charging of secondary batteries El-En to charger/dischargers Bl-Bn via a DC power supply line, that is, detecting the current and voltage of the DC power supply line and then stably supplying DC power; the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn for receiving DC power from the DC power supply unit A and then charging the secondary batteries El-En, or discharging the charged secondary batteries El-En; a main control unit C for controlling the operation of the charger/dischargers B 1-Bn; and a discharge load D for consuming power discharged from the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn.
[35] Here, it should be noted that the present invention is characterized in that two or more charger/dischargers Bl-Bn are connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit A, and the discharge load D is connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit A, so that the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn receive DC power from the DC power supply line, charge the secondary batteries El-En and regenerate the DC power from the charged secondary batteries El-En to the DC power supply line, and the discharge load D detects the current and voltage of the DC power supply line and consumes the power from the DC power supply line if the detected current and voltage increase above a predetermined allowable value.
[36] Any type of known DC power supply unit may be used as the DC power supply unit A, as long as the DC power supply unit can detect the current and voltage of the DC power supply line and perform feedback control so that DC power can be supplied stably. Since the DC power supply unit A, which is capable of feedback control, has been well known and is widely implemented in the pertinent field, a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
[37] The charger/dischargers B 1-Bn each include a charging and discharging unit configured to drop the voltage of DC power from the DC power supply line and then charge the secondary batteries El-En, and to boost the voltage of DC power from the charged secondary batteries El-En and then regenerate the boosted voltage to the DC power supply line; and a charge and discharge control unit 200 configured to be controlled by the main control unit, and to detect the charge current and voltage and discharge current and voltage of the secondary batteries El-En and control the operation of the charging and discharging unit.
[38] In the embodiment of the present invention, the charging and discharging unit 110 may be configured to include a charge unit 111, including a power conversion unit I l ia which is operated under the control of the charge and discharge control unit 200, and drops the voltage of the DC power while converting DC power from the DC power supply line into Alternating Current (AC) power, and a rectifier unit 11 Ib which rectifies the dropped AC power from the power conversion unit 112a into DC power and outputs the rectified power to the secondary batteries El-En, and a discharge unit 112, including a power conversion unit 112a which is operated under the control of the charge and discharge control unit 200, and boosts the voltage of the DC power while converting DC power from the secondary batteries El-En into AC power, and a rectifier unit 112b which rectifies the boosted AC power from the power conversion unit 112a into DC power and outputs the rectified power to the DC power supply line. Any type of known charge and discharge control unit may be used as the charge and discharge control unit 200 as long as the known charge and discharge control unit can detect the charge current and voltage and discharge current and voltage of the secondary batteries El-En and perform feedback control so that the charge and discharge of the secondary batteries El-En can be appropriately performed. Since the charge and discharge control unit 200 capable of feedback control is well known and widely practiced in the pertinent field, a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
[39] The main control unit C is a means for controlling the operation of the charger/ dischargers Bl-Bn, and indirectly controls the operation of the charging and discharging units 110 by controlling the operation of the charge and discharge control units 200 of the charger/dischargers B 1-Bn. The main control unit C detects the charge current and voltage and discharge current and voltage of respective secondary batteries El-En for respective charger/dischargers Bl-Bn, and monitors whether corresponding charger/dischargers Bl-Bn operate normally. Meanwhile, when the number of the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn is small, Analog/Digital (A/D) converters [not shown; elements constituting part of the main control unit] may be provided in respective charger/dischargers Bl-Bn so as to convert the charge and discharge current and charge and discharge voltage, that is, analog signals, from the secondary batteries El-En into digital signals. However, when the number of the charger/dischargers is large, it is preferable to use a switching unit Fl for detecting charge and discharge current and a switching unit F2 for detecting charge and discharge voltage, as described in FIG. 1, the switching unit Fl and switching unit F2 being operated under the control of the main control unit C.
[40] When charge and discharge current detection lines from respective charger/ dischargers Bl-Bn are connected to the switching unit Fl for detecting charge and discharge current, the charge and discharge voltage detection lines from respective charger/dischargers Bl-Bn are connected to the switching unit F2 for detecting charge and discharge voltage, and charge and discharge current and charge and discharge voltage are sequentially and continuously detected, an advantage arises in that the charge and discharge current and charge and discharge voltage from all of the charger/ dischargers Bl-Bn can be detected using only one A/D converter for detecting charge and discharge current and one A/D converter for detecting charge and discharge voltage. For reference, since the reason why the main control unit C detects the charge and discharge current and charge and discharge voltage of the secondary batteries El-En is to monitor whether corresponding charger/dischargers Bl-Bn are operated normally, it is not necessary to simultaneously detect the operation of all of the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn in real time.
[41] Any type of discharge load may be used as the discharge load D as long as the discharge load is capable of detecting the current and voltage of the DC power supply line, and consumes the power from the DC power supply line if the detected current and voltage increase above a predetermined allowable value. Since such a discharge load D is also well known and widely practiced in the pertinent field, a detailed description thereof is omitted here.
[42] With reference to FIG. 1, the operation of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention is described below.
[43] First, in the state in which the secondary batteries El-En to be charged are installed in the charging and discharging units 110 of the respective charger/dischargers B 1-Bn and DC power from the DC power supply unit A is input to the power conversion units 11 Ia of the charge units 111 through the DC power supply line, when a charge signal is input from the main control unit C to the charge and discharge control units 200, the power conversion units 11 Ia of the charge units 111 are operated by the charge and discharge control units 200 and the power conversion units 112a of the discharge units 112 are stopped by the charge and discharge control units 200. When the power conversion units 11 Ia of the of the charge unit 111 are operated as described above, DC power from the DC power supply line is dropped while being converted into AC power and is then output to the rectifier unit 11 Ib, and AC power from the power conversion unit 11 Ia is rectified into DC power through the rectifier unit 11 Ib and is then output to the secondary batteries El-En. At this time, the power conversion units 112a of the discharge units 112 are stopped and, thus, discharge lines to rectifier units 11 Ib are blocked, and the secondary batteries El-En receive and are charged with DC power from the rectifier units 11 Ib of the corresponding charge units 111. Upon charging the secondary batteries El-En, the charge and discharge control units 200 detect the charge current and charge voltage for the secondary batteries El-En and appropriately control the operation of the charge units 111 to compensate for current and voltage error.
[44] In contrast, in the state in which the secondary batteries El-En to be discharged are installed in the charging and discharging units 110 of the respective charger/ dischargers B 1-Bn and DC power from the DC power supply unit A is input to the power conversion units 11 Ia of the charge units 111 through the DC power supply line, when a discharge signal is input from the main control unit C to the charge and discharge control units 200, the power conversion units 11 Ia of the charge units 111 are stopped by the charge and discharge control units 200 and the power conversion units 112a of the discharge units 112 are operated by the charge and discharge control units 200. As described above, when the power conversion units 112a of the discharge units 112 are operated in the state in which the power conversion units 11 Ia of the charge units 111 are stopped and, thus, charge lines from the DC power supply line are blocked, DC power from corresponding secondary batteries El-En is boosted while being converted to AC power, and is then output to the rectifier units 112b, and AC power from the power conversion units 11 Ia is rectified by the rectifier unit 112b and is then regenerated to the DC supply line. Also, upon discharging the secondary batteries El-En, the charge and discharge control units 200 detect discharge current and discharge voltage from the secondary batteries El-En and appropriately control the operation of the charge units 111 to compensate for current and voltage error.
[45] In the charging and discharging system according to the present invention, when all of the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn charge corresponding secondary batteries El-En under the control of the main control unit C, charge power to all of the charger/ dischargers B 1-Bn is supplied only from the DC power supply unit A.
[46] Furthermore, when all of the charger/dischargers B 1-Bn discharge corresponding secondary batteries El-En under the control of the main control unit C, most of the discharge power from all of the charger/dischargers Bl-Bn is consumed through the discharge load D {because the current and voltage of the DC power supply line are raised above an allowable value due to discharge power regenerated to the DC power supply line}.
[47] In particular, it should be noted that, in the charging and discharging system according to the present invention, when some of the charger/dischargers charge corresponding secondary batteries and the remaining chargers and discharges discharge corresponding secondary batteries, all or part of the discharge power regenerated to the DC power supply line is used to charge the secondary batteries, thereby considerably reducing the power consumption of the charging and discharging system.
[48] Furthermore, in the charging and discharging system according to the present invention, the discharge load D is disposed in the DC power supply line independently of the chargers and discharges B 1-Bn, so that the problem in which the charger/ dischargers B 1-Bn are thermally damaged by the discharge load D heated to a high temperature does not occur.
[49] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention. Referring to this drawing, the charging and discharging unit 120 includes a primary first winding al; a primary second winding a2 connected in series to the primary first winding al for charging; a primary first switch bl connected between the primary first winding al and the primary second winding a2 and configured to control the supply of power to the primary winding al; a primary second switch b2 connected in series to the primary second winding a2 and configured to control the discharge of power from the primary first winding al and the primary second winding a2; a secondary winding a3 having a smaller number of turns than the primary first winding al; and a secondary switch b3 connected in series to the secondary winding a3 and configured to control the supply of power to the secondary batteries E (El-En) and the discharge of power from the secondary batteries E (El-En). The primary first s witch bl, the primary second switch b2 and the secondary switch b3 are on-off controlled by the charge and discharge control unit 200.
[50] With reference to FIG. 2, the operation of the charging and discharging unit 120 according to the second embodiment is described below.
[51] First, in the state in which the primary second switch b2 is turned off, when the secondary switch cl is on-off controlled [OFF7ON duty control] opposite to the primary first switch bl while the primary first switch bl is appropriately on-off controlled [OFF7ON duty control], DC power from the DC power supply line is repeatedly supplied or not supplied to the primary first winding al through the on-off controlled primary first switch bl, so that corresponding power is electromagnetically induced to the secondary battery a3, with the result that the secondary battery E is charged with the DC power from the secondary battery a3. It should be noted that, in the embodiment, the primary first switch bl and the secondary switch cl are oppositely on-off controlled in conjunction with each other, therefore power induced electromagnetically is rectified naturally even if a separate rectifier is not installed on the secondary side. Meanwhile, since voltage at the primary side should be higher than voltage at the secondary side, the number of turns of the primary first winding al should be larger than the number of turns of the secondary winding a3.
[52] In contrast, in the state in which the primary first switch bl is turned off, when the primary second switch b2 is on-off controlled [OFF7ON duty control] opposite to the secondary switch b3 while the secondary switch b3 is appropriately turned on and off [OFF7ON duty control], DC power from the secondary battery E is repeatedly supplied and not supplied to the secondary winding a3 by the on-off controlled secondary switch b3, so that corresponding power is electromagnetically induced to the primary first winding al and regenerated to the DC power supply line. It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the secondary switch b3 and the primary second switch b2 are on-off oppositely controlled in conjunction with each other, therefore power induced electromagnetically is rectified naturally, even of a separate rectifier is not installed on the secondary side. Meanwhile, in order to regenerate discharge power to the DC power supply line by boosting a low secondary side voltage to a relatively high voltage compared to the secondary side voltage, it is necessary to increase the number of turns on the primary side by turning off the primary first switch bl, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
[53] Meanwhile, as illustrated in FIG. 2, if necessary, a rectification diode cl may be installed between the primary second winding a2 and the primary second switch b2. In this case, since the discharge power is regenerated to the DC power supply line by appropriately on-off controlling only the secondary switch b3 in the state in which the primary first switch bl is turned off and the primary second switch b2 is turned on, it may not be necessary to control the secondary switch b3 and primary second switch b2 in reverse synchronization.
[54] FIG. 3 illustrates the third embodiment of the charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention. Referring to this drawing, the charging and discharging unit 130 includes a pair of first and second charging switches b4 and b5 connected in series to each other; a charging inductor dl connected between the first charging switch b4 and the second charging switch b5, and configured to drop the voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line and output the voltage-dropped charge power to the secondary batteries E (El-En); a pair of first and second discharging switches b6 and b7 connected in series to each other and in parallel with the pair of first and second charging switches b4 and b5; and an charging inductor d2 connected between the first discharging switch b6 and the second discharging switch b7, and configured to boost the voltage of discharge power from the secondary batteries E (El-En) and regenerate the voltage-boosted discharge power to the DC power supply line. The first and second charging switches b4 and b5, and the first and second discharging switches b6 and b7 may be on-off controlled by the charge and discharge control unit 200.
[55] With reference to FIG. 3, the operation of the charging and discharging unit 130 according to the third embodiment is described below.
[56] First, in the state in which the first and second discharging switches b6 and b7 are turned off, when the second charging switch b5 is on-off controlled [OFF ?ON duty control] opposite to the first charging switch b4 while the first charging switch b4 is appropriately on-off controlled [OFF7ON duty control], the voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line is dropped by the charging inductor dl and is then output to the secondary battery E, so that the secondary battery E is charged with the voltage-dropped charge power from the charging inductor dl. For reference, when the second charging switch b5 is turned on while the first charging switch b4 is turned off, counter electromotive force occurring at the charging inductor dl is reversed again to the second charging switch b4, so that charging is continuously performed by the charging inductor dl, even if the charging switch b4 is turned off.
[57] In contrast, in the state in which the first and second charging switches b4 and b5 are turned off, when the second discharging switch b7 is on-off controlled [OFF7ON duty control] opposite to the first discharging switch b6 while the first discharging switch b6 is appropriately on-off controlled [OFF7ON duty control], the voltage of discharge power from the secondary battery E is boosted by the discharging inductor d2 and is then regenerated to the DC power supply line. For reference, when the second discharging switch b7 is turned on while the first discharging switch b6 is turned off, counter electromotive force occurring in the discharging inductor d2 is reversed again to the first discharging switch b6, so that discharge is continuously performed by the discharging inductor d2, even if the discharging switch b6 is turned off.
[58] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the fourth embodiment of the charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention. Referring to this drawing, the charging and discharging unit 140 includes a pair of charging switch b8 and regenerative charging diode c2 connected in series to each other; a charging inductor d3 connected between the charging switch b8 and the regenerative charging diode c2, and configured to drop the voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line and output the voltage-dropped charge power to the secondary batteries E (El-En); a pair of discharging switch b9 and regenerative discharging diode c3 connected in series to each other and in parallel with the pair of charging switch b8 and regenerative charging diode c2; and a discharging inductor d4 connected between the discharging switch b8 and the regenerative discharging diode c3, and configured to boost the voltage of discharge power from the secondary batteries E (El-En) and regenerate the voltage-boosted discharge power to the DC power supply line. The charging switch b8 and the discharging switch b9 are on-off controlled by the charge and discharge control unit 200.
[59] With reference to FIG. 4, the operation of the charging and discharging unit 140 according to the fourth embodiment is described below.
[60] First, in the state in which the discharging switch b9 is turned off, when the charging switch b8 is appropriately on-off controlled [OFF ?ON duty control], the voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line is dropped by the charging inductor d3 and is then output to the secondary battery E, so that the secondary battery E is charged with the voltage-dropped charge power from the charging inductor d3. For reference, the regenerative charging diode c2 functions to reverse counter electromotive force occurring at the inductor for charging d3 again to the charging switch b8 when the charging switch b8 is turned off, so that charging is continuously performed by the charging inductor d3 even if the charging switch b8 is turned off. [61] In contrast, in the state in which the charging switch b8 is turned off, when the discharging switch b8 is on-off controlled [OFF7ON duty control], the voltage of discharge power from the secondary battery E is boosted by the discharging inductor d4 and is then regenerated to the DC power supply line. For reference, the regenerative discharge diode c3 functions reverse counter electromotive force occurring at the charging inductor dl again to the discharging switch b9 when the discharging switch b9 is turned off, so that discharging is continuously performed by the discharging inductor d4, even if the discharging switch b9 is turned off.
[62] FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the fifth embodiment of the charging and discharging unit constituting part of the charging and discharging system according to the present invention. Referring to this drawing, the charging and discharging unit 150 includes a pair of first and second charging and discharging switches blO and bl 1 connected in series to each other; and a charging and discharging inductor d5 connected between the first charging and discharging switch blO and the second charging and discharging switch bl 1 and configured to drop the voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line and output the voltage-dropped charge power to the secondary batteries E (El-En) and to boost the voltage of discharge power from the secondary batteries E (El-En) and regenerate the voltage-boosted discharge power to the DC power supply line. The first and second charging and discharging switches blO and bl 1 are on-off controlled by the charge and discharge control unit 200.
[63] With reference to FIG. 5, the operation of the charging and discharging unit 150 according to the fourth embodiment is described below.
[64] In the state in which the first and second charging and discharging switches blO and bl 1 are turned off, when the second charging and discharging switch bl 1 is on-off controlled [OFF7ON duty control] opposite to the first charging and discharging switch blO while the first charging and discharging switch blO is appropriately on-off controlled [OFF7ON duty control], the voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line is dropped by the charging and discharging inductor d5 and is then output to the secondary batteries E, so that the secondary batteries E are charged with the voltage-dropped charge power from the charging and discharging inductor d5.
[65] In contrast, in the state in which the first and second charging and discharging switches b4 and b5 are turned off, when the first charging and discharging switch blO is on-off controlled [OFF7ON duty control] opposite to the first charging and discharging switch bl 1 while the second charging and discharging switch bl 1 is appropriately on-off controlled [OFF7ON duty control], the voltage of discharge power from the secondary battery E is boosted by the charging and discharging inductor d5, and is then regenerated to the DC power supply line.
[66] Here, it should be noted that, when the first and second charging and discharging switches blO and bl 1 are on-off controlled [OFF7ON duty control] opposite to each other in the state in which the first and second charging and discharging switches blO and bl 1 are turned off, charging is performed when the first charging and discharging switch blO is first turned on, whereas discharging is performed when the second charging and discharging switch bl 1 is first turned on.
[67] Furthermore, as illustrated in FIG. 5, if needed, it may be possible for a regenerative charging diode c4 to be connected in parallel with the second charging and discharging switch bl 1, and for a regenerative discharging diode c5 to be connected in parallel with the first charging and discharging switch blO.
[68] In this case, in the state in which the charging and discharging switch bl 1 is turned off, when the first charging and discharging switch blO is on-off controlled [OFF ?ON duty control], the voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line is dropped by the charging and discharging inductor d5 and is then output to the secondary batteries E, so that the secondary batteries E are charged with the voltage-dropped charge power from the inductor for charging d5. For reference, the regenerative charging diode c4 functions to reverse counter electromotive force occurring in the charging and discharging inductor d5 again to the first charging and discharging switch blO when the first charging and discharging switch blO is turned off, so that charging is continuously performed by the charging and discharging inductor d5, even if the first charging and discharging switch blO is turned off.
[69] In contrast, in the state in which the first charging and discharging switch blO is turned off, when the second charging and discharging switch bl 1 is appropriately on- off controlled [OFF ?ON duty control], the voltage of discharge power from the secondary battery E is boosted by the charging and discharging inductor d5 and is then regenerated to the DC power supply line. For reference, the regenerative discharging diode c5 functions to reverse counter electromotive force occurring in the charging and discharging inductor d5 to the second charging and discharging switch bl 1 when the second charging and discharging switch bl 1 is turned off, so that discharging is continuously performed by the charging and discharging inductor d5, even if the second charging and discharging switch bl 1 is turned off.
[70] The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but various modifications thereof are possible without departing from the accompanying claims.
[71] For example, in the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5, it may be possible for only the regenerative charging diode c4 to be connected in parallel with the second charging and discharging switch bl 1, and for only a regenerative discharging diode c5 to be connected in parallel with the first charging and discharging switch blO.
[72] Furthermore, if needed, it will be obvious that the number of DC power supply units A, main control units C or discharge loads may be plural, so that the charging and discharging system can be expanded as required.

Claims

Claims
[1] A charging and discharging system comprising a Direct Current (DC) power supply unit for supplying DC power for charging of secondary batteries to charger/dischargers via a DC power supply line, that is, detecting current and voltage of the DC power supply line and then stably supplying DC power; the charger/dischargers for receiving DC power from the DC power supply unit and then charging the secondary batteries, or discharging the charged secondary batteries; a main control unit for controlling operation of the charger/dischargers; and a discharge load for consuming power discharged from the charger/ dischargers, wherein two or more charger/dischargers are connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit, and the discharge load is connected to the DC power supply line of the DC power supply unit, so that the charger/dischargers receive DC power from the DC power supply line, charge the secondary batteries and regenerate the DC power from the charged secondary batteries to the DC power supply line, and the discharge load detects current and voltage of the DC power supply line and consumes the power from the DC power supply line if the detected current and voltage increase above a predetermined allowable value.
[2] The charging and discharging system according to claim 1, wherein the charger/ dischargers each comprise a charging and discharging unit configured to drop voltage of DC power from the DC power supply line and then charge the secondary batteries, and to boost voltage of DC power from the charged secondary batteries and then regenerate the boosted voltage to the DC power supply line; and a charge and discharge control unit configured to be controlled by the main control unit, and to detect charge current and voltage and discharge current and voltage of the secondary batteries and control operation of the charging and discharging unit.
[3] The charging and discharging system according to claim 2, wherein the charging and discharging unit comprises a charge unit, including a power conversion unit which is operated under control of the charge and discharge control unit, and drops voltage of the DC power while converting DC power from the DC power supply line into Alternating Current (AC) power, and a rectifier unit which rectifies the dropped AC power from the power conversion unit into DC power and outputs the rectified power to the secondary batteries, and a discharge unit, including a power conversion unit which is operated under the control of the charge and discharge control unit, and boosts the voltage of the DC power while converting DC power from the secondary batteries into AC power, and a rectifier unit which rectifies the boosted AC power from the power conversion unit into DC power and outputs the rectified power to the DC power supply line.
[4] The charging and discharging system according to claim 2, wherein the charging and discharging unit comprises a primary first winding; a primary second winding connected in series to the primary first winding for charging; a primary first switch connected between the primary first winding and the primary second winding and configured to control supply of power to the primary winding; a primary second switch connected in series to the primary second winding and configured to control discharge of power from the primary first winding and the primary second winding; a secondary winding having a smaller number of turns than the primary first winding; and a secondary switch connected in series to the secondary winding and configured to control supply of power to the secondary batteries and discharge of power from the secondary batteries.
[5] The charging and discharging system according to claim 4, wherein a rectification diode is installed between the primary second winding and the primary second switch.
[6] The charging and discharging system according to claim 2, wherein the charging and discharging unit comprises a pair of first and second charging switches connected in series to each other; a charging inductor connected between the first charging switch and the second charging switch, and configured to drop voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line and output the voltage-dropped charge power to the secondary batteries; a pair of first and second discharging switches connected in series to each other and in parallel with the pair of first and second charging switches; and an charging inductor connected between the first discharging switch and the second discharging switch, and configured to boost the voltage of discharge power from the secondary batteries and regenerate the voltage -boosted discharge power to the DC power supply line.
[7] The charging and discharging system according to claim 2, wherein the charging and discharging unit comprises a pair of charging switch and regenerative charging diode connected in series to each other; a charging inductor connected between the charging switch and the regenerative charging diode, and configured to drop voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line and output the voltage-dropped charge power to the secondary batteries; a pair of discharging switch and regenerative discharging diode connected in series to each other and in parallel with the pair of charging switch and regenerative charging diode; and a discharging inductor connected between the discharging switch and the regenerative discharging diode, and configured to boost the voltage of discharge power from the secondary batteries and regenerate the voltage-boosted discharge power to the DC power supply line.
[8] The charging and discharging system according to claim 2, wherein the charging and discharging unit comprises a pair of first and second charging and discharging switches connected in series to each other; and a charging and discharging inductor connected between the first charging and discharging switch and the second charging and discharging switch and configured to drop the voltage of supply power from the DC power supply line and output the voltage-dropped charge power to the secondary batteries and to boost voltage of discharge power from the secondary batteries and regenerate the voltage-boosted discharge power to the DC power supply line.
[9] The charging and discharging system according to claim 8, wherein a regenerative charging diode is connected in parallel with the second charging and discharging switch, a regenerative discharging diode is connected in parallel with the first charging and discharging switch, or a regenerative charging diode is connected in parallel with the second charging and discharging switch and a regenerative discharge diode is connected in parallel with the first charging and discharging switch.
PCT/KR2006/004864 2006-01-02 2006-11-17 Charge and discharge system of a direct current regenerative form WO2007078053A1 (en)

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