WO2007069298A1

WO2007069298A1 - Emulsification apparatus and method of refining emulsion with the emulsification apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2007069298A1
Application number: PCT/JP2005/022850
Authority: WO
Inventors: Takeshi Nakayama
Original assignee: Yugengaisha Biofuture
Priority date: 2005-12-13
Filing date: 2005-12-13
Publication date: 2007-06-21
Also published as: CN101325999B; JP4489118B2; CN101325999A; JPWO2007069298A1

Abstract

An emulsification apparatus capable of stable emulsion refining through, without addition of any emulsifier, reducing of water particles to microparticles so as to attain uniform dispersion in oil droplets; and a method of refining an emulsion with the use of the emulsification apparatus. There is provided an emulsification apparatus capable of refining of an emulsion containing oil and water particles dispersed therein by rotation of multiple gears accommodated in a casing, wherein the gears are disposed with their rotational axes arranged in parallel relationship so that the diameters of the gears decrease in sequence in the direction of feeding of oil, water, etc. under pressure, wherein the gears are accommodated in a casing, and wherein an oil supply hole, a water supply hole and a supply hole for a third component other than oil and water are disposed on a circumferential wall of the casing where large-diameter gear is accommodated while an emulsion outlet is disposed on a circumferential wall of the casing where small-diameter gear is accommodated.

Description

Specification

Emulsifier, purification method of emerald using powerful emulsifying device

Technical field

The present invention relates to an emulsification device used for producing emulsion fuels, cosmetics, foods and the like used in various combustion devices and internal combustion engines such as automobiles, and to a purification method of emulsion using an intensive emulsification device. . Background art

[0002] Conventionally, an emulsion combustion method is known in which an emulsion fuel obtained by mixing water into fuel oil and atomizing it is blown into a combustion furnace and burned. The emulsion fuel is a liquid fuel containing fine water particles emulsified by mixing 3 to 10% of water into a liquid fuel such as A heavy oil, B heavy oil, C heavy oil, recycled oil, etc. When the fuel particles are blown and burned, the water particles contained in the fuel particles undergo a minute explosion in the high-temperature atmosphere in the combustor, whereby the fuel particles are further subdivided and the fuel and air are mixed better. Combustion efficiency is improved. However, water that is not originally soluble in oil is uniformly dispersed in the fuel oil, and oil and water do not separate for a long time to form stabilized emulsion fuel, and this emulsion fuel is stably stabilized over a long period of time. It was a very difficult problem to let

[0003] The inventor of the present application previously filed a patent application for an emulsion fuel refining emulsifier (see Patent Document 1). In contrast to the conventional emulsifying device in which the large diameter gears are disposed on both sides of the three gears and the motor is connected to the central gear to apply rotational force, the emulsifying device according to the above-mentioned application is In the conventional emulsifying device, when the clogging of the pipe and the combustion mura caused by the occurrence of the so-called mayonnaise sludge phenomenon caused by the increase of the viscosity of the fuel due to the generation of air bubbles, the problem of レ and 問題 can be solved.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-213829

Disclosure of the invention

Problem that invention tries to solve

The present inventors further improve the emulsifier described in Patent Document 1 above, and further, perform conventional emulsification. In addition to oil and water, which were difficult to use in a water tank, air and other liquids such as air and combustible gas mixed with oil and water, this is an emulsion in which water is dispersed in the form of ultrafine particles uniformly in oil droplets. The present invention was conceived based on the finding that it was obtained that the object of the present invention is to stabilize the water particle by micronizing the water particle without adding the emulsifier and uniformly dispersing it in oil droplets. It is an object of the present invention to provide an emulsification apparatus and a force purification apparatus for purifying an emulsion, and a method for purifying an emulsion using such an emulsification apparatus.

Means to solve the problem

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an emulsifying apparatus for purifying an emulsion containing oil and water particles dispersed by rotation of a plurality of gears housed in a casing. Gears are arranged with their rotational axes parallel to one another so that the diameter of each gear gradually decreases in the direction of pumping oil and water etc. The gears are housed in a casing, and the gears with large diameters are housed. Is provided with a supply hole for supplying oil, a supply hole for supplying water, a supply hole for supplying a third component other than oil and water, and a peripheral wall of the casing in which a gear having a small diameter is accommodated. The emulsifying device is characterized in that an outlet for discharging the emulsion is provided.

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, an oil supply hole and an emulsion discharge port provided in the emulsifying device are provided in parallel with the traveling direction of oil and water, etc. Preferably, the emulsifying device is characterized in that the water supply hole and the third component supply hole are provided perpendicularly to and opposite to each other with respect to the traveling direction of oil, water, etc. (Claim 2).

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, the gear provided in the emulsifying device has a larger number of teeth as the diameter of the gear is larger, and a gear adjacent to any gear. It is preferable to use the above-mentioned emulsification device characterized in that the difference in the number of teeth is the same. (Claim 3).

[0008] In addition, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is characterized in that the casing of the emulsification device is provided with a temperature regulator, and the viscosity of the supplied oil is controlled. It is preferable to use an emulsifying device (Claim 4).

Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, the rotating shaft of the gear is directed to the ground. Preferably, the above-mentioned emulsification device is characterized in that the gear is arranged so as to be in a vertical direction (claim 5).

[0010] Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention, using the emulsifying apparatus described in any of the above, is capable of using any one of a liquid or gas other than oil and water as a third component, And, it is preferable to use an emulsion purification method characterized in that oil and water are supplied from the respective feed holes to refine the emulsion, (claim 6).

[0011] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, the fuel oil is supplied from the oil supply hole and the water is supplied from the water supply hole, using the emulsifying device described in any of the above. It is preferable to use an emulsion purification method characterized in that the emulsion fuel is purified by supplying air, a flammable gas, a flammable liquid, or any of these in combination from the component supply holes. , (Claim 7).

Effect of the invention

The emulsification device of the present invention, as described above, is disposed so that the diameter of the gear becomes larger and smaller one by one, and emulsion particles in which water fine particles of 5 microns or less are uniformly dispersed in oil particles. Is obtained. This emulsion is stable even if the flow rate and temperature change with good stability without the addition of an emulsifier. Also, even if oil and water are separated once, they can be easily dispersed uniformly simply by light circulation and shaking. Further, in addition to fuel oil such as heavy oil or recycled oil and water, air, flammable gas and the like are mixed to obtain an emulsion fuel in which fine particles of water are uniformly dispersed in oil droplet particles.

[0013] Such an emulsion fuel can maintain stable combustion over a long period of time, burns close to complete combustion to further improve combustion efficiency, and has the effect of reducing soot and NOx in exhaust gas. It contributes to the saving of fuel costs and can be recycled as waste oil and used as high quality fuel oil, so its effective utilization of resources and economic point of view are also extremely excellent. In addition, in food such as mayonnaise and ketchup, the edible oil, water and eggs and other powdered materials are emulsified into fine particles by using the emulsifying apparatus of the present invention, and the texture becomes better. Cosmetics also have effects such as moisturizing the skin by micronizing them.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The following will describe the best mode for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “embodiment”). The force S described in detail below, the invention is in no way limited by the embodiments in force.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an intermediate piece in a state in which a gear is housed in a casing of an emulsifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an emulsion of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the device, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the bottom side wall piece of the emulsifying device according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an example of the emulsification device which is an embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, when the same parts or the same parts are shown, the same reference numerals are given.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 is an emulsifying device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and an inner side of a casing 2 is provided with a first gear 3a, a second gear 3b, a third gear 3c, and a fourth gear 3d. Adjacent gears are arranged such that the diameters of the gears 3 are in the order from large to small in the order of. Although the number of teeth of the gear is not particularly limited, in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of teeth of the gears of the first gear 3a to the fourth gear 3d is 20, 18, 16, and 14, respectively. The difference in the number of teeth between one gear 3a and the second gear 3b, the second gear 3b and the third gear 3c, and the third gear 3c and the fourth gear 3d is two. It is preferable to design the gears so that the difference in the number of teeth is the same. As described above, the larger the diameter of the gear, the larger the number of teeth, and the same difference in the number of teeth between adjacent gears in any gear prevents the backflow of the emulsion and increases the shearing force. it can.

The casing 2 has a lid side wall piece 2a and a bottom side wall piece 2c provided with bearing portions 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h for supporting the shafts of the respective gears 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d, and the side wall pieces thereof. A packing 4 is provided on the joint surface of these three pieces so as to surround the gear, and a bolt is passed through each bolt hole 14 for tightening. The pieces are in close contact and fixed. A gear storage portion 5 for storing a gear is continuously provided inside the intermediate piece 2b. The tooth tips of the first gear 3a and the peripheral wall surface of the gear housing 5 are close to each other, and between the second gear 3b, the third gear wheel 3c, the fourth gear 3d and the peripheral wall surface of the gear housing 5 As shown in FIG. 1, slightly wider clearances 3i, 3j, 3k are provided on one side. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a temperature controller such as a heater 12 linked to the temperature sensor 13 is carried at the bottom of the bottom side wall piece 2c, and viscosity control is linked with the temperature of the supplied oil. Is planned. [0018] An oil supply hole 6a is provided substantially parallel to the advancing direction of oil and water in the peripheral wall surface of the casing in which the largest diameter first gear 3a is accommodated, and the water supply hole 6b is provided. And the gas or liquid supply holes 6c of the third component are provided so as to be substantially perpendicular to and opposite to each other in the traveling direction of oil and water. In addition, an outlet 7 of an emulsion is provided substantially in parallel with the traveling direction of oil and water on the peripheral wall surface of the casing in which the fourth gear 3d having the smallest diameter is accommodated. The supply holes 6a, 6b, 6c are connected to a stainless steel pipe for introducing oil, water, gas and the like, respectively, and the discharge port 7 is connected to a stainless steel pipe for discharging an emulsion. The water is pumped by a pump and supplied in the form of mist from the supply hole 6b, and other oils are supplied by negative pressure in the first gear housing 5 as the first gear 3a rotates. The hole is sucked.

The rotation shaft of the first gear 3a penetrates one lid side wall piece 2a and is connected to the motor M, and is rotated in the arrow direction by the rotational force of the motor M. The second gear 3b, the third gear 3c, and the fourth gear 3d rotate in conjunction with the first gear 3a. And, as shown in FIG. 1, in the meshing portion of the adjacent gears, one gear is disposed slightly apart so that the tip of the tooth has a gap with the valley of the tooth of the other gear. The water, oil, gas and liquid are transferred by the rotating gear teeth in the order of the first gear 3a, the second gear 3b, the third gear 3c, and the fourth gear 3d, and at the same time the tooth tips of the gears. By the shear force acting between the housing and the peripheral wall of the casing and between the teeth of the gear, the fine particles are ground and uniformly dispersed to form an emulsion.

In the emulsification device according to the present embodiment, a clearance 3i, which is slightly wider on one side, between the second gear 3b, the third gear 3c, the fourth gear 3d, and the peripheral wall surface of the gear housing 5. As shown in FIG. 5, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, since oil and water are provided so that the rotation axis of the gear is directed perpendicularly to the earth, oil and water are provided. And other liquids or gases are transported in the direction of the outlet while moving up and down 19 vertically along the plane of rotation of the gear. During this time, in the clearance 3i, the rotational direction of the gear and the convection 18 in the direction opposite to the rotational direction of the gear generated on the casing wall side friction with each other, resulting in friction mixing by convection 20 and shearing by strong shear force of the gear. The oil and water are mixed and emulsified by the two-step action of mixing 21. This phenomenon is observed in the experimental equipment with a transparent casing. It has been confirmed by A long-term stable emulsion in which oil and water fine particles are difficult to separate by finely grinding water particles through the above-mentioned process and inserting water particles in a more closely spaced state between oil particles. Is refined.

In the emulsifying apparatus for refining emerald fuel oil of the conventional type, only oil and water are made into fine particles by a gear, but in the emulsifying apparatus according to the present invention, other gas or liquid in oil and water is used. In order to be sheared in the presence of water, it is thought that such gas and liquid intervene between the oil and water, and the oil and water particles are crushed into finer particles. . Further, in the emulsification device according to the present embodiment, a conventional colloid mill or the like is obtained by mixing and emulsifying water into a fuel oil such as heavy oil or recycled oil, a flammable liquid such as air or alcohol, and the like. It is thought that the reaction accompanied by combustion is promoted and combustion efficiency is further improved by the fact that fine particles of water which can not be obtained by mechanical pulverization are obtained and the air or alcohol component adheres to or dissolves in the water particles. .

In the emulsification device according to the present embodiment, the mixing ratio of oil, water and the third component is not particularly limited. For example, the mixing ratio of fuel oil such as heavy oil or recycled oil to emulsion fuel is not limited. It is preferable to mix 3 to 20% by weight of water and 5% by weight or less of air, flammable gas or flammable liquid with respect to 97 to 75% by weight of the fuel oil when purifying the oil. The mixing ratio of water is appropriately selected according to the type of fuel oil, and is 3 to 10 wt% for relatively low viscosity oil such as A heavy oil, and relatively high viscosity such as C heavy oil or recycled oil. Preferably, it is selected in the range of 5 to 20% by weight. If the amount of water is too high, the combustion efficiency may be reduced.

A liquid fuel containing fine water particles obtained by mixing water into a liquid fuel such as A heavy oil, B heavy oil, C heavy oil, and recycled oil and emulsifying them has fine water particles attached around the oil particles WZ ○ ○ (Wat er in oil) It becomes an emulsion fuel. Usually, the diameter of oil particles by the fuel sprayer of the combustion device is 30 to 130 microns, but the emulsion fuel refined by the emulsifying device according to the present embodiment has a diameter of 5 microns or less around the oil particles. Many water particles are included (see Figure 6). As a result, the fine particles in the high temperature atmosphere in the combustor cause the atomized fine particles to be finely fragmented to increase the contact area with the surrounding oxygen, thereby promoting the combustion reaction and significantly improving the combustion efficiency. In the circuit diagram showing one embodiment of the emulsification device in FIG. 4, a heavy oil service tank 8, an emulsification device 1 connected by a pipe with a water tank W and a third component container G, and an emulsion fuel tank 9 And the boiler 10 are connected by transfer pipes 11 via motor valves MV1, MV2 and MV3, respectively. Furthermore, a line is provided which directly connects the fuel oil service tank 8 and the boiler 10 via the motor valve MV4. Further, a heater 12 and a strainer 15 which are temperature controllers are provided between the heavy oil service tank 8 and the emulsification device 1.

By providing the temperature controller, the viscosity of the oil supplied to the emulsifying device 1 is kept constant, and coupled with the temperature controllers 12 and 13 in the emulsifying device 1, the balance between the supply amount and the discharge amount is maintained. At the same time, the shearing force or shearing action in the emulsifying apparatus becomes constant, and a more uniform and stable emulsion is purified. Further, by providing a line connecting the heavy oil service tank 8 and the boiler 10, it is possible to continue the operation of the boiler urgently even if the emulsifying device is not operated. The emulsion fuel purified by the emulsifying device 1 is stored in an emulsion fuel tank 9 and transferred to a boiler 10 by a pump P. The emulsion fuel tank 9 may be equipped with a stirrer or the like to supply stable emulsion fuel.

Example

Next, using the emulsifying apparatus according to the present embodiment, approximately 88% by weight of A heavy oil was mixed with approximately 9% by weight of water and approximately 3% by weight of air to cause emulsification. FIG. 5 is a photograph of the obtained emulsion, which was sprayed with a fuel sprayer and observed under a 400 × optical microscope. In this picture, fine particles of about 3 to 8 microns of water droplets are deposited between about 10 to 20 microns of oil droplets. As a result of burning this ordinary fuel in the combustion furnace (Ma x. 351 / h, furnace size φ 800 x 4200 L) shown in the circuit diagram described in the above embodiment, when ordinary heavy oil is burned In comparison, it was possible to save about 5 to 10% of the fuel cost.

[0027] In the above example, in addition to A heavy oil, C heavy oil, recycled oil, kerosene and light oil are similarly treated respectively and the emulsion obtained by refining emulsion is put in a container and kept stationary. It was as follows as a result of measuring time until it leaves and oil and water separates A fuel oil 3 days

Reclaimed oil 5 days

C heavy oil 7 days

Kerosene 3 hours

4 hours light oil

Further, according to the above, when gasoline, water and ethyl alcohol were emulsified, the same stability as kerosene or gas oil was confirmed.

In the above examples, 1) kerosene, 2) regenerated oil, 3) emergence fuel (water 10%), 4) emergence fuel (water 15%), 5) emergence fuel (water 20%, amount of combustion) 35), 6) Emuljon fuel (20% water, 15 burnup), burn the fuel in the combustion furnace (Max. 351 / h, furnace size φ 800 Χ 4200 、) and visually check the flame of the burner Table 1 shows the results of measurement of each component of CO, NOx, and O and the temperature inside the furnace, as well as confirmation of soot and dust.

2

[Table 1]

The evaluations in the column of "sustaining dust in exhaust gas" in Table 1 are as follows.

:: There is little soot and dust in the exhaust gas.

:: Soot and dust in the exhaust gas are somewhat high.

X: A large amount of soot and dust in exhaust gas. [0031] From Table 1, when comparing the various fuels based on the optimum condition of kerosene, with recycled oil alone, NOx (nitrogen oxides) increases by about 4 times, and in exhaust gas is 〇 Maximum (5.8

2

%). The fuel of the combustion fuel reduced NOx and decreased O by increasing the mixing ratio of water. The soot and dust in the exhaust gas is less than the recycled oil alone.

2

There is less fuel and less mixing with water. 6) Even with the diesel fuel (water 20%, burnup 15), the optimum combustion condition was maintained.

[0032] In a normal combustor, a large amount of air is supplied to completely burn the fuel, but by using an emulsion fuel, energy from exhaust gas is reduced by reducing the amount of air supplied. It has been confirmed that the loss is reduced, contributing to energy saving. In addition, it is confirmed that the kinematic viscosity of the emulsion containing the surfactant increases as time passes, but the kinematic viscosity of the emulsion according to this example hardly changes even if the rotational speed is increased.

[0033] The above-described embodiment and examples describe the emulsification device for mixing and emulsifying oil, water, oil, and the third component other than water. Force is included in the emulsification device of the present invention. The present invention also includes a two-component emulsifying apparatus of oil and water by closing a supply hole for supplying water and a purification method of emulsion using such an apparatus. It goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention extends to such modified inventions.

Industrial applicability

In recent years, it has been a problem that most of industrial machine oil and industrial oil waste oil are discarded, but the emulsification device of the present invention can be effectively used as a fuel, and the fuel cost can be further reduced. As a result of the reduction of environmental pollution and the reduction of harmful substances contained in waste gas, the industrial applicability is extremely large.

Brief description of the drawings

FIG. 1 is a plan view of an intermediate piece showing a state in which a gear is housed in a casing of an emulsification device that is an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal cross-sectional view of an emulsifying device to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a bottom sidewall piece of the emulsifying device to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied. FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of an emulsification apparatus which can be applied to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a state of fluid in the vicinity of the clearance of the emulsification device to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 6 is an optical microscope photograph of particles sprayed with emulsion according to the present example.

Explanation of sign

1: Emulsifying device 2: Casing 2a: Lid side wall piece 2b: Intermediate piece 2c: Bottom side wall piece 3: Gears 3a: First gear 3b: Second gear 3c: Third gear 3d: Fourth gear, 3e, 3f, 3g, 3h: bearing, clearance: 3i, 3j, 3k, 4: packing, 5: gear housing, 5a: gear housing peripheral wall, 6: supply hole, 6a: oil supply Hole, 6b: water supply hole, 6c: third component supply hole, 7: discharge port, 8: fuel oil service tank, 9: emerald fuel tank, 10: boiler, 11: transport pipe, 12: heater, 13 A sensor 14: bolt hole 15: strainer 1 18: convection 19: upstream and downstream 20: friction mixing part 21: shear mixing part 22: direction of gear rotation

MV1, MV2, MV3, MV4: Motor valve, M: Motor, P: Pump,

W: Water tank, G: Third component container

Claims

The scope of the claims

[1] In an emulsifying apparatus for purifying an emulsion containing dispersed oil and water particles by rotation of a plurality of gears housed in a casing, the diameter of the gears is in the direction of pumping oil, water, etc. Gears are arranged with the rotation axes of the gears parallel to each other so that the gears become smaller, the gears are housed in a casing, and a supply hole for supplying oil to the peripheral wall of the casing in which the gear having a large diameter is housed. Providing a supply hole for supplying water and a supply hole for supplying a third component other than oil and water, and providing a discharge port for discharging the emulsion to the peripheral wall of the casing in which the small diameter gear is housed. An emulsification device characterized by

[2] The oil supply hole provided in the emulsifying device and the discharge port of the emulsion are provided in parallel to the advancing direction of oil, water, etc., and the water supply hole and the third component supply hole are oil The emulsifying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the emulsifying device is provided so as to be perpendicular to and opposite to each other with respect to the traveling direction of water and the like.

[3] The gear provided in the emulsifying device has a larger number of teeth as the diameter of the gear is larger, and the difference in the number of teeth of adjacent gears is the same for any gear. An emulsification device according to Item 1.

[4] The emulsification device according to claim 1, wherein a temperature controller is provided in the casing of the emulsification device, and the viscosity of the supplied oil is controlled.

[5] The emulsification device according to claim 1, wherein the gear is arranged such that a rotation axis of the gear is perpendicular to the ground.

[6] Using the emulsifying device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, any force of liquid or gas other than oil and water as a third component and oil and water are supplied from the respective supply holes. And purifying the emulsion, and a method of purifying the emulsion.

[7] Using the emulsifying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, fuel oil is supplied from the oil supply hole, water is supplied from the water supply hole, air from the third component supply hole, combustible gas, A method for purifying an emulsion, comprising supplying an flammable liquid or any one of these in combination to refine an emulsion fuel.