WO2007051320A1 - Commutateur a autoextinction par soufflage avec pre-compression du gaz - Google Patents

Commutateur a autoextinction par soufflage avec pre-compression du gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007051320A1
WO2007051320A1 PCT/CH2005/000642 CH2005000642W WO2007051320A1 WO 2007051320 A1 WO2007051320 A1 WO 2007051320A1 CH 2005000642 W CH2005000642 W CH 2005000642W WO 2007051320 A1 WO2007051320 A1 WO 2007051320A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
arc
chamber
switch
intermediate chamber
quenching
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CH2005/000642
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Seeger
Christian Franck
Lutz Niemeyer
Original Assignee
Abb Research Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Abb Research Ltd filed Critical Abb Research Ltd
Priority to PCT/CH2005/000642 priority Critical patent/WO2007051320A1/fr
Publication of WO2007051320A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007051320A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H01H33/903Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc and assisting the operating mechanism
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc
    • H01H2033/902Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc with the gases from hot space and compression volume following different paths to arc space or nozzle, i.e. the compressed gases do not pass through hot volume

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a self-blowing switch and a method according to the preamble of the independent claims, in particular for high or medium voltage.
  • the pressure in the control volume drops below those in the larger extinguishing volume and a partition wall between the control volume and extinguishing volume shifts in the axial direction. Thereby, the valve is released and a di rect ⁇ connection between the extinguishing of the light volume and ⁇ arc zone created so that the relatively cold quenching gas extinguishes the arc.
  • the L ⁇ schgas has a lower temperature in this switch, it is still relatively hot gas, since it has initially flowed directly from the arc in the extinguishing volume.
  • the tax and Extinguishing volume via an overflow in connection with each other and exchange hot gas with each other.
  • the two volumes (control volume and volume) thus store gas heated by the arc.
  • a high temperature of the L ⁇ schgases reduces the switching capacity of the switch.
  • the invention in a first aspect, relates to a self-blowing switch having a first arcing contact and a second arcing contact, wherein when the switch is turned on, the first arcing contact is in contact with a contact portion of the second arcing contact, with interrupting the switch of at least one of the arcing contacts along an axis the switch is movable such that between the arcing contacts an arc extinguishing zone is formed, wherein a quenching chamber is present in the
  • an intermediate chamber is present at least temporarily via an inlet channel with the arc extinguishing zone in communication, and means for pressure communication or for pressure connection or pressure exchange, also Pressure exchange means called, between the intermediate chamber and the quenching chamber are present, further
  • Cold gas in the quenching chamber is largely prevented by back-flowing hot gas from the arc extinguishing zone in the quenching chamber, -
  • the inlet channel to the intermediate chamber is opened so far that the hot gas from the arc extinguishing zone can flow into the intermediate chamber and the means by means of the inflow of the hot gas into the intermediate chamber cause a compression of the cold gas in the quenching chamber and
  • the extinguishing channel is opened in a second arc phase, so that the compressed cold gas can flow out to the blowing of an arc between the arcing contacts in the arc extinguishing zone.
  • the invention resides in a method of switching electrical power in a self-blowing switch comprising a first arcing contact and a second arcing contact, wherein when the switch is turned on, the first arcing contact is in contact with a contact region of the second arcing contact, thereby interrupting Switch at least one of the arcing contacts along an axis of the switch is moved such that between the arcing contacts a Lichtbogenl ⁇ schzone is formed, wherein a quenching chamber, is stored in the cold gas is at least temporarily connected via a quench with the arc extinguishing zone, wherein an intermediate chamber is present, which is at least temporarily connected via an inlet channel with the arc extinguishing zone, wherein the intermediate chamber and the quenching chamber are in pressure communication with each
  • the extinguishing channel is closed in a first arc phase to the extent that the hot gas is prevented from flowing back out of the arc extinguishing zone into the extinguishing chamber, and heating of the cold gas in the extinguishing chamber is largely prevented,
  • the inlet channel to the intermediate chamber is opened so far that the hot gas can flow from the arc extinguishing zone into the intermediate chamber, a volume of the intermediate chamber is increased by a build-up of hot gas pressure in the intermediate chamber and thereby a volume of the extinguishing chamber is reduced nert and the cold gas is compressed in the quenching chamber, and
  • the extinguishing channel is opened in a second arc phase, so that the compressed cold gas is discharged into the arc extinguishing zone and an arc is blown between the arcing contacts by the cold gas.
  • an intermediate or pressure chamber is present in addition to a quenching chamber.
  • heated hot gas flows from the arc when the switch is open.
  • a pressure building up in the intermediate chamber exerts a force on the chamber walls.
  • the switch is designed in such a way that, when the pressure in the intermediate chamber is increased, it makes it possible to increase its volume. As the volume of the intermediate chamber increases, the volume of the quenching chamber decreases. Due to the volume reduction, the extinguishing gas is compressed and blown through the extinguishing channel.
  • An advantage of the self-blowing switch is that less arc heated gas flows into the quenching chamber. Cooling of the L ⁇ schgases is therefore not required. The extinguishing gas is therefore, in contrast to known solutions, relatively cold, resulting in a more efficient extinguishing of the arc.
  • the pressure build-up in the intermediate chamber supports the mechanical drive and thus the mechanical drive requires less force to disconnect the switch.
  • a backflow of hot gas from the arc zone into the quenching chamber is completely prevented, as well as an overflow of hot gas from the intermediate chamber into the quenching chamber.
  • the pressure exchange means for gas-tight separation of the quenching chamber should be designed by the intermediate chamber. As a result, the cold gas remains unmixed and has a high extinguishing power at the "cool" blowing of the arc.
  • the extinguishing chamber with the extinguishing channel as close to the
  • the pressure compensation means comprise a piston arrangement for simultaneously increasing the volume of the intermediate chamber and reducing the volume of the extinguishing chamber.
  • ⁇ "d ⁇ eT piston assembly comprising the first and second partition, the first partition wall is movable, in particular axially displaced, and / or the second partition wall is movable, in particular axially displaceable and serves as a driving piston to a volume-reducing displacement of a wall of the chamber.
  • the hot gas pressure in the intermediate chamber and thus the compression pressure in the quenching chamber is increased by an ablation self-blowing effect in the switch, in particular on its insulating nozzle.
  • FIG. 2 shows the switch according to FIG. 1 in a first phase when the switch is interrupted
  • Fig. 3 shows the switch of Fig. 1 in a second phase in interrupting the switch
  • Fig. 4 shows the switch of Fig. 1 in a third phase in interrupting the switch.
  • the embodiments of a switch 1 shown in the figures are each constructed substantially rotationally symmetrical about their axis A, for which reason only half of the respective section is shown.
  • FIGS. 1 shows a first embodiment of the switch 1 in the switched (ie conductive state).
  • the switch 1 has an outer contact 2 (arcing contact tulip 2), which extends in an annular manner about the axis A, and an inner contact 3 (arcing contact pin 3), which is generally of rod-shaped or tubular construction.
  • the outer contact 2 is arranged in a ring around the central axis (axis A) of the inner contact 3.
  • the two arcing contacts 2, 3 are relative to each other in the axial direction by a mechanical drive not shown displaced.
  • the contact tulip 2 is stationary and the contact pin 3 movable, for example, to the left, which is indicated by an arrow P.
  • the switch 1 may in principle be any arc extinguishing switch 1, z.
  • a high-voltage circuit breaker 1, high-current switch or power isolator in which use is made of a self-blowing effect or the arc blowing is supported by a Doubleblas- effect.
  • a two-part Druckerk ⁇ rper 4a, 4b arranged, which carries the rated current contacts 4a, 4b.
  • the switch body or rated current contact 4a essentially surrounds the arcing contact tulip 2, and the switch body 4b or rated current contact 4b the arcing contact pin 3. If the rated current contacts 4a, 4b separated, commutes' the current to the arcing contacts 2, 3, which are then separated such that between the arc contacts 2, 3, an arc extinguishing zone 16a is formed, as shown in Figures 2-4.
  • the switch 1 has a quenching chamber 5, an intermediate chamber 6 and an exhaust chamber 7, here in the
  • Switch body 4b are realized, but also in the contact pin-side switch body 4a may be present.
  • a partition wall 9 separates the quenching chamber 5 from the intermediate chamber 6, and a partition 14 having a valve 14 separates the intermediate chamber 6 from the exhaust gas chamber 7
  • Valve 14 is a pressure relief valve / which allows gas from a predetermined pressure to flow from the intermediate chamber 6 into the exhaust gas chamber 7. As a result, the pressure in the intermediate chamber 6 is limited to the pressure defined by the valve 14.
  • the quenching chamber 5 extends between an inner side of the switch body 4b, an insulating nozzle 8 and the partition wall 9, and the intermediate chamber 6 extends between the partition walls 9, 10 in the axial direction.
  • the partition 9 has, as shown in Figures 1-4, two parts 9a, 9b, which extend parallel to the axis A, and a perpendicular part 9c, which connects the two paraxial parts 9a, 9b with each other.
  • the partition wall 9 and the switch body 4b are displaceable relative to each other in the embodiment shown. This results in a respective variable volume for the quenching chamber 5 and the intermediate chamber 6, which depends on the operating state of the switch 1.
  • the quenching chamber 5 has a large volume, and the intermediate chamber 6 has a small volume.
  • the extinguishing chamber 5 has a small volume, and the intermediate chamber 6 has a large volume.
  • the exhaust gas chamber 7 has an example of a substantially constant. Volume.
  • the quenching chamber 5 can communicate with the arc quenching zone 16a between the arcing contacts 2, 3 via a quenching channel 11.
  • An intake passage 12 permits communication, ie, a gas exchange between the intermediate chamber 6 and an inner space 15, and a drain passage 13 permits communication between the exhaust chamber 7 and the interior space 15.
  • the interior space 15 forms a hot- gasabström Scheme 15, typiseherw 'else in Form of a hollow contact volume 15 in one of the arcing contacts 2, 3, and is in communication with the arc extinguishing zone 16a.
  • the axially parallel part 9a closes the inlet channel 12, and an extension 3a of the contact 3 closes the extinguishing channel 11.
  • the outlet channel 13 can be closed by a housing part 18.
  • FIGS. 2-4 The operation of the switch 1 according to FIG. 1 can be seen from the switch-off process illustrated in FIGS. 2-4.
  • the mechanical drive pulls the arcing contact hollow pin 3 together with the switch body 4b along the axis A away from the arcing contact tulip 2.
  • the area in which the arc 16 burns during turn-off is also referred to as arc extinguishing zone 16a.
  • the arc 16 heats the gas in the arc quenching zone. zone 16a.
  • the arcing contacts 2, 3 are surrounded by an insulating material nozzle 8 (eg made of Teflon).
  • the arc 16 burns off material from adjacent walls (eg, insulation material), resulting in pressure buildup in the arc extinguishing zone 16a.
  • the mouth of the quenching channel 11 is arranged in the switch 1 between the insulator main nozzle 8 and the auxiliary nozzle 8 so as to be close to the arc zone 16a.
  • the mouth is preferably configured such that, although the extinguishing gas can flow out of the extinguishing chamber 5 in the direction of the arc 16, the entry of hot gas into the extinguishing chamber 5 is largely prevented.
  • the quenching gas is not heated by hot plasma emanating from the arc 16. The quenching gas does not come into contact with the plasma and does not need to be cooled by other means.
  • the size of the orifice may be as small as possible so that the gas flows in the direction of least resistance, i. along the axis A in the direction of the now open inlet channel 12, and thus not in the extinguishing channel 11.
  • a one-way valve eg., A flap valve
  • the piston movement for compression of the quenching chamber 5 can also be controlled in the switch 1 so that upon release of the L ⁇ schkanals 11, the pressure in the quenching chamber 5 is already higher than in the arc extinguishing zone 16a, so that also by a backflow of hot gas in the quenching chamber 5 largely prevented or completely impossible hich is.
  • the arc 16 has formed.
  • the channels 11, 12 are open in this phase, and the discharge channel 13 is closed by the housing part 18. Since the flow resistance in the axial direction away from the arc 16 is relatively small, hot plasma flows due to the pressure build-up in the vicinity of the arc 16 through the now open inlet channel 12 into the intermediate chamber 6. This is indicated in Figure 2 by an arrow 17.
  • In the intermediate chamber 6 increases according to the pressure. The increased pressure assists that the distance between the dividing walls 9, 10, and thus the volume of the intermediate chamber 6, increases. As the volume of the intermediate chamber 6 increases, the volume of the quenching chamber 5 decreases. The decreasing quenching chamber volume 5 pushes cold gas through the quenching passage 11, thereby initiating the quenching of the arc 16.
  • the volume of the intermediate chamber 6 continues to increase.
  • the channels 12, 13 have shifted with respect to the housing part 18 so that the housing part 18, the inlet channel 12 partially closes and the outflow channel 13 is already partially free.
  • the flow resistance in this phase in the direction of the exhaust gas chamber 7 is less than in the direction of the intermediate chamber 6.
  • hot plasma now flows mainly through the ⁇ bpoundkanal 13 in the exhaust chamber 7. This is indicated in Figure 3 by an arrow 19.
  • the inlet channel 12 is closed and the hot plasma flows through the outlet channel 13 into the exhaust gas chamber 7.
  • the arc 16 has already been extinguished by the cold gas from the quenching chamber 5.
  • Switching operation may thus include the following elements or method steps:
  • the extinguishing channel 11 In the first arc phase, the extinguishing channel 11 should be closed, so that no hot gas flows from the arc extinguishing zone 16a into the extinguishing chamber 11.
  • the extinguishing channel 11 In the second arc phase, the extinguishing channel 11 should have an opening to the arc extinguishing zone 16a.
  • the first arc phase is characterized by a high arc current and a strong gas heating in the Arc 16 characterized.
  • the second arc phase is characterized in that a backflow of hot gas from the arc extinguishing zone 16a into the quenching chamber 5 is prevented. This can be realized by the pressure ratio or by the flow resistance or the flow geometry, in particular in the region of the mouth of the oil chamber 5.
  • the second arc phase may be characterized in that the pressure in the quenching chamber 5 is higher than in the arc quenching zone 16a or that the decrease of the arc current in the vicinity of a zero current passage leads to a decrease in pressure in the arc quenching zone 16a.
  • the inlet channel 12 should be designed such that it is closed when the switch 1 is switched on, and is opened in a first phase when the switch 1 is interrupted, so that the hot gas can flow from the arc extinguishing zone 16a into the intermediate chamber 6.
  • means 18 for re-closing the inlet channel 12 in a second phase when interrupting the switch 1 and an outlet channel 13 for discharging the hot gas in an exhaust gas chamber 7 are present.
  • the above-described self-blowing switch 1 enables a more efficient extinguishing of the arc since the extinguishing gas is cold.
  • the hot gas in the intermediate chamber 6 is not mixed with the cold gas in the quenching chamber 5, and / or the hot gas in the intermediate chamber 6 is not used to blow the arc 16.
  • the pressure buildup in the intermediate chamber 6 also supports the mechanical drive, which therefore has a small force to separate the contacts 2, 4a; 3, 4b of the switch 1 is required.
  • High pressures are desirable in a self-blowing switch for extinguishing the arc 16.
  • High pressures usually require relatively high temperatures of the extinguishing gas. At high temperatures, each but with self-blowing blades the extinguishing capacity and thus the switching capacity.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un commutateur (1) à autoextinction par soufflage qui, en plus d'une chambre d'extinction (5), présente une chambre intermédiaire (6) dans laquelle un gaz chauffé par un arc lumineux (16) pénètre lorsque le commutateur (1) est interrompu. Le gaz chauffé par l'arc lumineux (16) ne pénètre pas dans la chambre d'extinction (5). La pression qui s'établit dans la chambre intermédiaire (6) exerce une force sur les parois de la chambre. Selon l'invention, le commutateur (1) est configuré de telle sorte que le volume de la chambre intermédiaire (6) peut augmenter en cas d'augmentation de la pression. Lorsque le volume de la chambre intermédiaire (6) augmente, le volume de la chambre d'extinction (5) diminue. La réduction de volume comprime le gaz d'extinction froid contenu dans la chambre d'extinction (5) et le souffle dans la zone (16a) de l'arc lumineux par un canal d'extinction (11). Le gaz d'extinction froid permet d'éteindre efficacement l'arc lumineux (16).
PCT/CH2005/000642 2005-11-03 2005-11-03 Commutateur a autoextinction par soufflage avec pre-compression du gaz WO2007051320A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH2005/000642 WO2007051320A1 (fr) 2005-11-03 2005-11-03 Commutateur a autoextinction par soufflage avec pre-compression du gaz

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CH2005/000642 WO2007051320A1 (fr) 2005-11-03 2005-11-03 Commutateur a autoextinction par soufflage avec pre-compression du gaz

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007051320A1 true WO2007051320A1 (fr) 2007-05-10

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PCT/CH2005/000642 WO2007051320A1 (fr) 2005-11-03 2005-11-03 Commutateur a autoextinction par soufflage avec pre-compression du gaz

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103367026A (zh) * 2013-06-27 2013-10-23 国家电网公司 自能式断路器及其气缸组件
CN113192778A (zh) * 2021-05-12 2021-07-30 上海西门子高压开关有限公司 用于灭弧室的热气流排气装置、灭弧室以及气体绝缘开关

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2455674A1 (de) * 1974-11-25 1976-05-26 Siemens Ag Anordnung zur loeschung eines lichtbogens in einem gasstroemungsschalter
US4774388A (en) * 1986-03-26 1988-09-27 Alsthom Compressed dielectric gas circuit breaker
DE19547522C1 (de) * 1995-12-08 1997-01-16 Siemens Ag Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit einem Gasspeicherraum
EP1079404A2 (fr) * 1999-08-23 2001-02-28 Abb Research Ltd. Disjoncteur à gaz comprimé

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2455674A1 (de) * 1974-11-25 1976-05-26 Siemens Ag Anordnung zur loeschung eines lichtbogens in einem gasstroemungsschalter
US4774388A (en) * 1986-03-26 1988-09-27 Alsthom Compressed dielectric gas circuit breaker
DE19547522C1 (de) * 1995-12-08 1997-01-16 Siemens Ag Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit einem Gasspeicherraum
EP1079404A2 (fr) * 1999-08-23 2001-02-28 Abb Research Ltd. Disjoncteur à gaz comprimé

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103367026A (zh) * 2013-06-27 2013-10-23 国家电网公司 自能式断路器及其气缸组件
CN103367026B (zh) * 2013-06-27 2016-04-06 国家电网公司 自能式断路器及其气缸组件
CN113192778A (zh) * 2021-05-12 2021-07-30 上海西门子高压开关有限公司 用于灭弧室的热气流排气装置、灭弧室以及气体绝缘开关
CN113192778B (zh) * 2021-05-12 2022-05-27 上海西门子高压开关有限公司 用于灭弧室的热气流排气装置、灭弧室以及气体绝缘开关

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