WO2007048211A2 - Rotor a aimant permanent - Google Patents

Rotor a aimant permanent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007048211A2
WO2007048211A2 PCT/BR2006/000218 BR2006000218W WO2007048211A2 WO 2007048211 A2 WO2007048211 A2 WO 2007048211A2 BR 2006000218 W BR2006000218 W BR 2006000218W WO 2007048211 A2 WO2007048211 A2 WO 2007048211A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
permanent magnets
shaft
fact
format
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/BR2006/000218
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2007048211A3 (fr
Inventor
Mário Célio CONTIN
Carlos Eduardo Guarenti Martins
Valmir Luís STOINSKI
Célia Miwa SIGUIMOTO
Paulo Roberto Lorenzi
Hugo Gustavo Gomez Mello
Original Assignee
Weg Equipamentos Eléctricos S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Weg Equipamentos Eléctricos S.A. filed Critical Weg Equipamentos Eléctricos S.A.
Publication of WO2007048211A2 publication Critical patent/WO2007048211A2/fr
Publication of WO2007048211A3 publication Critical patent/WO2007048211A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H02K1/2766—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM] having a flux concentration effect
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276—Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems

Definitions

  • the present invention patent refers to a permanent magnet rotor, to be used particularly in a synchronous motor.
  • Invention History Alternating current motors are used in applications in general because the supply of electrical power is made by alternating current. Among such applications, the main kinds are synchronous and induction motors.
  • the induction motor usually works at constant speed, which slightly varies with the mechanical load applied to the shaft. Due to its simplicity, robustness and low cost, it is the most used motor, being adequate for almost all kinds of actuated machines being used today.
  • it is possible to control the speed of induction motors with the help of frequency converters.
  • a synchronous motor with permanent magnets is an interesting alternative to drive machines at low speed with no need to use a mechanical speed gearbox. It can also be used to start at high angular speed, for example in air compressors, and it can be coupled directly, without speed increasers. In either case, at low or high speed, it is provided with adequate multiplicity of magnetic poles.
  • Another objective of the present invention is a rotor with permanent magnets that allows for the precise control of speed and torque in the motor shaft.
  • an objective of the present invention is a rotor with permanent magnets inserted for synchronous motors, manufactured according to productive processes already known to asynchronous induction machines.
  • rotor with permanent magnets follow the drawings enclosed which are referred to for better understanding of the detailed description that follows, without excluding any other equivalent construction, where: - figure 1 represents a diagrammatic axial section of a synchronous motor with a rotor provided with permanent magnets, air gaps, a stator and with the magnet in a position orthogonal to the radial direction of the motor shaft;
  • figure 2 represents an enlarged diagrammatic axial section of the rotor with permanent magnets, with the indication of a magnet in a position orthogonal to the radial direction of the rotor shaft;
  • figure 3 represents a diagrammatic axial section of a synchronous motor with a rotor provided with permanent magnets where the magnet is placed in a radial direction in relation to the rotor central shaft;
  • figure 4 represents a diagrammatic axial section of a synchronous motor with a rotor provided with permanent magnets, the magnets positioned in such a way that they form a "V" pointing to the stator;
  • figure 5A represents a diagrammatic axial section of the rotor
  • figure 5B represents a partial view of the rotor, with the indication of weld fillets done in a longitudinal way to the former;
  • FIG. 6 represents a diagrammatic axial section of air barriers constructed in the rotor and magnet
  • figure 7 represents a diagrammatic axial section of the rotor with permanent magnets, with an indication of damping bars connected among themselves through short rings.
  • the present utility patent refers to a rotor (12) with permanent magnets (13) for a synchronous-type motor, where said rotor is provided with a plurality of permanent magnets (13) which form exciting poles that generate magnetic flux waves of sinusoidal profile.
  • Said motor usually used in applications with switch mode power supply, both of imposed voltage and imposed current, and that allows controlling rotation and/or the position of the shaft motor (31).
  • the rotor (12) with permanent magnets (13) is provided with poles (23) of sinusoidal profile (14), and cavities (17) with adequate format to house the permanent magnets (13).
  • Said magnets (13) may be comprised of Neodymium- Iron-Boron (NdFeB), Samarium-Cobalt or Ferrite, and are preferably placed in the cavities (17) to prevent them from being displaced by the movement of the rotor (12).
  • the core of the rotor (12) may be any kind known to a technician, such as ferromagnetic cylindrical core, laminated or solid.
  • the rotor (12) may also contain an auxiliary device which may correspond to a device known as "Resolver” or to a device known as “Encoder” or still to a device known as Hall effect sensor.
  • Said rotation and/or angular position control can also be obtained in a fourth construction, through the feeding of a synchronous motor with permanent magnets by means of a switch mode power supply where there is no need for the motor to have a sensor, which is known to a technician as "sensorless".
  • Figure 1 shows a partial view of a synchronous motor (1) with a rotor (12) provided with permanent magnets (13) and sinusoidal poles (14), with a rotational axis (31), a stator (11) and the rotor (12), which has a reluctance direction of the shaft in quadrature (20) and a reluctance direction of the direct shaft (18); said rotor(12) comprises a sinosoidal geometry (14) that presents a sinosoidal magnetic flux (15) density and longitudinal holes (22) of field dispersion.
  • the rotor (12) has its permanent magnets (13) installed in rectangular cavities (17), and comprises the support bridges (26) of the pole shoes (23).
  • the construction of the rotor (12) is made in a way that the external surface relief has poles with magnetically sinusoidal profiles (14), allowing the permanent magnets (13) to create exciting polar magnetic fluxes (15) with sinusoidal profiles along the polar pitch at the air gap area, assuring a significant reduction of the harmonic components causing harmonic oscillations in the torque and iron losses in the stator (11) armature and surface losses on the rotor (12), improving the performance and efficiency of the motor.
  • stator (11) armature winding allows for a sharp reduction of the unwanted harmonic components in the magnetic motive force and consequently in the reaction magnetic flux of the stator (11) armature.
  • the number of grooves per pole and per phase is made by means of adequate multiplicity so that there is the necessary distribution of coils that comprise the winding of said stator (11) armature.
  • the latter Being the synchronous motor constructed with protruding poles, and using internal permanent magnets (13) in the rotor (12), as described above, the latter now presents magnetization directions of the direct shaft (18) and of the shaft in quadrature (20), and each of these directions (shafts) may have different magnitudes of magnetic reluctance.
  • This motor (1) with distinct directions of direct and in-quadrature magnetization has magnetic reluctances of both the direct shaft (18) and of the shaft in quadrature (20), producing torque components due to those distinct reluctances.
  • the motor (1) has a torque component originated from mutual inductance of the direct shaft and reluctance torque component due to the differences between the magnetic reluctances of the direct shaft and of the shaft in quadrature.
  • the rotoric magnetic poles may be saturated as this crossed flux (in quadrature) adds to the direct shaft flux resulting in higher magnetic inductions at the magnetic poles areas.
  • flux barriers (22) may be used on the rotoric poles at the polar shoes (23) area to produce big magnetic reluctance to the passage of the flow in quadrature of the reaction of the stator (11) armature thus reducing the resulting magnetic reluctance and the correspondent degree of saturation of those rotoric poles.
  • These flux barriers (22) easily allow the passage of the magnetic flux of the direct shaft (18), and at the same time prevent or make it significantly more difficult for the flux of the shaft in quadrature (20) to pass.
  • the sinusoidal air gap through the variation of the reluctance along the polar pitch, can also be used to soften the traffic of crossed flux of the shaft in quadrature through the polar shoes (23).
  • the "sinusoidal" air gap is constructed with magnetic reluctance which gradually grows in a sinusoidal way from the center of the pole, on the central line of the direct shaft (18), until the center of the interpoles on the line of the shaft in quadrature (20).
  • the air gap shows a magnetic reluctance relatively bigger to the passage of the lines of the magnetic flux in quadrature, also helping to reduce the saturation of the polar shoes (23).
  • barriers (24) with low magnetic permeability are foreseen at the interpolar area to avoid the dispersion of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnets (13).
  • Said barriers (24) are of elongated cross section, and are positioned in radial direction to the central shaft (18) of the rotor (12), preferably they are provided with an elliptic cross section.
  • the format of the relief (14) of the external surface of the rotor ferromagnetic core and the placement of the magnets (13) inside the rotor (12) are adapted so that the profile of the magnetic flux densities along each polar pitch at the air gap area between the stator (11) and the rotor (12) is substantially sinusoidal (14), as shown in figures 1 , 3 and 4.
  • the permanent magnets (13) have a cross section substantially rectangular in shape, and are placed orthogonally to the radial direction of the rotoric shaft.
  • Figure 5B shows a side view of the rotor (12) which, in this particular example, is comprised of ferromagnetic material plates that can be attached to each other through weld fillets (16) parallel to the rotoric shaft in its external peripheral area (rotor external surface) to form a sufficiently hard rotoric core.
  • weld fillets (16) may function as a winding damper placed at the peripheral part of the rotor (12), being the intensity of that damper proportional to the conductive cross section of each fillet and to the number and position of those fillets (16) in relation to each rotoric pole.
  • Figure 2 shows a detail of the rotor (12) of the synchronous motor provided with a rotor with permanent magnets (13) and sinusoidal poles (14), where the dispersion flux barriers (22) provided at the interpolar area of the rotor (12) are comprised of preferably rounded holes, with adequate sizes and positions relatively to the cavities (17) for the placing of the permanent magnets (13) so that the dispersion flux of the magnets is minimized.
  • These flux barriers (22) are characterized by low magnetic permeability of air inside them, and by high magnetic reluctance shown by the bridges (26) that support the polar shoes (23), between the magnets (13) and the flux barriers (22), as shown in figures 1 , 2, 3 and 4.
  • the reluctance of the magnetic path in quadrature (20) which coincides with the interpolar region becomes relatively high, especially when associated with the barriers (24) on the rotoric poles in the area of the polar shoes (23), minimizing the traffic of the components of the flux in quadrature (20).
  • Figure 6 shows barriers (24) of crossed flux that substantially reduce the saturation effects in the polar shoes (23).
  • Those air barriers (24) due to the geometry used, show high magnetic reluctance to the crossed magnetic fluxes originating from the fluxes in quadrature produced by the reaction of the stator (11) armature of the statoric winding, while easily allowing the magnetic flux of the direct shaft originating from the exciting flux provided by the set of permanent magnets (13) inside the rotor (12).
  • Figure 7 shows an alternative construction of the rotor (12), where it is provided with damping bars (25) interconnected in each outmost part of the rotor (12) by means of rings (27).
  • damping bars (25) are used to dampen sudden load variations, providing more stability to the operation of the motor (1), besides providing the rotoric winding so that the motor (1) can start as if it were an induction motor.
  • damping bars (25) provide the motor (1) with a squirrel cage that corresponds to a rotoric winding such as that used in induction motors, allowing the synchronous motor (1) with permanent magnets (13) to operate fed by a sinusoidal source or by a switch mode power supply with voltage and frequency control, and no need for a device to control the position of the rotor (12).
  • the stability of the motor (1) in this case, can be obtained by the damping provided by those bars (25) with no need for an additional position control.
  • Figure 3 shows a variation of the position of the magnets (19) in the rotor (12), where they remain placed in radial direction in relation to the shaft (31) of the rotor (12).
  • the shaft (31) of the rotor (12) shall be of nonmagnetic material.
  • Figure 4 represents another variation of the position of the magnets (21a and 21 b) where each pair forms a "V" pointing to the stator (11 ).

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un rotor à aimants permanents pour moteurs synchrones, de forme extérieure sinusoïdale (14). L'emplacement et la forme en coupe des aimants permanent sont conçus pour que la densité du flux magnétique dans l'entrefer (15) entre stator (11) et rotor (12) varie de façon sensiblement sinusoïdale. En outre, ce rotor (12) comporte en zone inter-polaire des trous (22) qui, associés aux cavités des aimants (17), forment des ponts (26) supportant les sabots (23) faisant office de barrières s'opposant à la dispersion du flux magnétique d'excitation des aimants permanents (13, 19, 21a, 21b).
PCT/BR2006/000218 2005-10-25 2006-10-19 Rotor a aimant permanent WO2007048211A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BRPI0504776-5 2005-10-25
BRPI0504776-5A BRPI0504776A (pt) 2005-10-25 2005-10-25 rotor com ìmãs permanentes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007048211A2 true WO2007048211A2 (fr) 2007-05-03
WO2007048211A3 WO2007048211A3 (fr) 2009-04-02

Family

ID=37968165

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/BR2006/000218 WO2007048211A2 (fr) 2005-10-25 2006-10-19 Rotor a aimant permanent

Country Status (2)

Country Link
BR (1) BRPI0504776A (fr)
WO (1) WO2007048211A2 (fr)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009098172A2 (fr) * 2008-02-05 2009-08-13 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Machine électrique excitée par aimant permanent pour l'entraînement d'un composant d'un appareil électroménager, groupe comprenant de telles machines électriques excitées par aimant permanent et appareil électroménager muni d'une telle machine
WO2011033397A2 (fr) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Brusa Elektronik Ag Machine synchrone excitée par aimants permanents avec aimants encastrés
DE102009042765A1 (de) * 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Krebs & Aulich Gmbh Permanenterregte Synchronmaschine
CN102013779A (zh) * 2010-12-09 2011-04-13 南昌大学 五次谐波励磁的混合励磁永磁电机
WO2015016265A1 (fr) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-05 株式会社安川電機 Moteur, système de moteur et procédé de détection d'angle mécanique de moteur
DE102014108932A1 (de) 2014-06-25 2015-12-31 Hans Kuss Permanentmagnetläufer
EP2995820A1 (fr) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-16 Pfeiffer Vacuum Gmbh Pompe à vide avec rotor de moteur soudé et avec des aimants agencés en forme de v
EP3273581A1 (fr) * 2016-07-18 2018-01-24 Higenmotor Co., Ltd. Rotor de moteur électrique à aimant intérieur permanent
GB2559016A (en) * 2016-11-24 2018-07-25 Jaguar Land Rover Ltd Electric machine apparatus

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022120443A1 (fr) * 2020-12-11 2022-06-16 Weg Equipamentos Elétricos S.a. Rotor pour machine électrique tournante, procédé de fabrication et machines électriques tournantes correspondantes

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4618792A (en) * 1984-09-26 1986-10-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Dynamoelectric machine with a laminated pole permanent magnet rotor
US5684352A (en) * 1995-03-24 1997-11-04 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Permanent magnet field-type rotating machine
US6703745B2 (en) * 2001-09-10 2004-03-09 Adlee Powertronic Co, Ltd. Rotor structure for a motor having built-in type permanent magnet
US6844652B1 (en) * 2003-07-30 2005-01-18 Powerplus Technology Corp. Rotor structure of line-start permanent magnet synchronous motor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4618792A (en) * 1984-09-26 1986-10-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Dynamoelectric machine with a laminated pole permanent magnet rotor
US5684352A (en) * 1995-03-24 1997-11-04 Hitachi Metals, Ltd. Permanent magnet field-type rotating machine
US6703745B2 (en) * 2001-09-10 2004-03-09 Adlee Powertronic Co, Ltd. Rotor structure for a motor having built-in type permanent magnet
US6844652B1 (en) * 2003-07-30 2005-01-18 Powerplus Technology Corp. Rotor structure of line-start permanent magnet synchronous motor

Cited By (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2009098172A2 (fr) * 2008-02-05 2009-08-13 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Machine électrique excitée par aimant permanent pour l'entraînement d'un composant d'un appareil électroménager, groupe comprenant de telles machines électriques excitées par aimant permanent et appareil électroménager muni d'une telle machine
WO2009098172A3 (fr) * 2008-02-05 2009-11-26 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Machine électrique excitée par aimant permanent pour l'entraînement d'un composant d'un appareil électroménager, groupe comprenant de telles machines électriques excitées par aimant permanent et appareil électroménager muni d'une telle machine
US9083218B2 (en) 2009-09-18 2015-07-14 Brusa Elektronik Ag Permanent magnet excited synchronous machine with embedded magnets
WO2011033397A3 (fr) * 2009-09-18 2011-07-14 Brusa Elektronik Ag Machine synchrone excitée par aimants permanents avec aimants encastrés
CN102498640A (zh) * 2009-09-18 2012-06-13 布鲁萨电子公司 具有嵌入磁体的永磁励磁同步机
WO2011033397A2 (fr) 2009-09-18 2011-03-24 Brusa Elektronik Ag Machine synchrone excitée par aimants permanents avec aimants encastrés
DE102009042765A1 (de) * 2009-09-25 2011-03-31 Krebs & Aulich Gmbh Permanenterregte Synchronmaschine
DE102009042765B4 (de) * 2009-09-25 2018-05-24 Krebs & Aulich Gmbh Permanenterregte Synchronmaschine
CN102013779A (zh) * 2010-12-09 2011-04-13 南昌大学 五次谐波励磁的混合励磁永磁电机
CN102013779B (zh) * 2010-12-09 2012-11-07 南昌大学 五次谐波励磁的混合励磁永磁电机
CN105409093A (zh) * 2013-07-30 2016-03-16 株式会社安川电机 电机、电机系统及电机的机械角检测方法
WO2015016265A1 (fr) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-05 株式会社安川電機 Moteur, système de moteur et procédé de détection d'angle mécanique de moteur
JP2015029383A (ja) * 2013-07-30 2015-02-12 株式会社安川電機 モータ、モータシステムおよびモータの機械角検出方法
DE102014108932A1 (de) 2014-06-25 2015-12-31 Hans Kuss Permanentmagnetläufer
CN105429328A (zh) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-23 普发真空有限公司 真空泵
EP2995820A1 (fr) * 2014-09-11 2016-03-16 Pfeiffer Vacuum Gmbh Pompe à vide avec rotor de moteur soudé et avec des aimants agencés en forme de v
EP3273581A1 (fr) * 2016-07-18 2018-01-24 Higenmotor Co., Ltd. Rotor de moteur électrique à aimant intérieur permanent
GB2559016A (en) * 2016-11-24 2018-07-25 Jaguar Land Rover Ltd Electric machine apparatus
GB2559016B (en) * 2016-11-24 2019-05-22 Jaguar Land Rover Ltd Electric machine apparatus
US20190199150A1 (en) * 2016-11-24 2019-06-27 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Electric machine apparatus
US11264849B2 (en) 2016-11-24 2022-03-01 Jaguar Land Rover Limited Rotor for an electric machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2007048211A3 (fr) 2009-04-02
BRPI0504776A (pt) 2007-09-18

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