WO2007032706A1

WO2007032706A1 - Engine

Info

Publication number: WO2007032706A1
Application number: PCT/RU2006/000423
Authority: WO
Inventors: Konstantin Vyacheslavovich Milyaev
Original assignee: Milyaev Konstantin Vyacheslavo
Priority date: 2005-09-12
Filing date: 2006-08-11
Publication date: 2007-03-22
Also published as: RU2005128170A; RU2303850C2

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrokinetic transformer consists of an induction coil and electrostatic charge carriers which are positioned near said coil and constructively connected thereto in such a way that a common electromagnetic flow penetrates therethrough under operation conditions. Said elements are interconnected in the form of an oscillating circuit such as a capacitor-inductive coil circuit, wherein the electrostatic charge carriers are used in the form of the capacitor. When electrical oscillations are generated in the circuit, the charged electrostatic charge carriers interact with a self-inductance electromotive force generated around the induction coil and are accelerated therewith at the absence of external forces. In order to excite and maintain electrical oscillations at a required level in the electrokinetic transformer, the power supply is carried out from an external power source via an inductance coupling between a supply winding and the electrokinetic transformer winding at a supply current frequency which is close or equal to the resonance frequency of the electrokinetic transformer.

Description

ELECTROKINETIC TRANSFORMER

The invention relates to the field of electrical engineering, and in particular to devices for converting the energy of alternating electric current into kinetic energy of motion and controlling this movement.

The invention can be used as a universal engine, including as an alternative to jet type engines and unsupported engines using a turbulent flow of a medium and cavitation of a liquid.

Jet engines using the reactive power of a combustible fuel are known, screw propellers using the reactive power of an expelled motion medium are known, unsupported propulsion engines using a turbulent flow of medium according to the patent of the Russian Federation J \ b2002123072 (publ. 2004.06.20) and the phenomenon of fluid cavitation according to the patent of the Russian Federation J \ G ° 94013559 (publ. 1995.12.20).

The disadvantage of jet engines is their potential explosion and fire hazard, low efficiency, low service life, high cost of manufacture and operation, as well as environmental hazard associated with the release of a large number of harmful combustion products. The disadvantage of screw propulsors is the obligatory presence of a fairly dense motion medium, as well as low efficiency associated with friction losses, vortex processes and dispersion of the motion medium. The disadvantage of unsupported engines using turbulent flow of the medium and cavitation of the liquid is their low efficiency, as well as the presence of mutually moving parts of the device, the obligatory presence of liquid, which makes it very difficult to operate the engines in a wide temperature range.

The technical result, the achievement of which is aimed

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) ^{• the} claimed invention consists in eliminating the above disadvantages by using direct and non-reactive conversion of electrical energy into kinetic energy of motion. For the operation of the electrokinetic transformer (ECT), the presence of a motion medium is not required (it is possible to move in a full physical vacuum), unlike a jet engine, it does not use any reactive force (liquid, gas, plasma, etc.) and, unlike from unsupported propulsors using a turbulent flow of the medium and the phenomenon of cavitation, does not require any mechanical work of the components to achieve the effect of movement.

An electrokinetic transformer (ECT) is an inductor and next to it are carriers of electrostatic charges (NESZ). Each carrier of electrostatic charge is designed to accumulate, hold and change the electrostatic charge of the same polarity in accordance with the ECT cycle, in the simplest case, it can be a plate of a material that conducts electric current.

The inductor and NESZ are structurally connected and, during the operation of the ECT, by means of a common electromagnetic flux.

Electrically the above elements form an oscillatory circuit of the type “capacitor - inductor)), where electrostatic charge carriers act as a capacitor.

The invention allows to achieve not just the movement of free electrons in the oscillatory circuit, but the movement of the entire structure due to the interaction of the self-induction forces with electric charges at the NESZ that arise during vibrations.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) To achieve this effect, the sum of the action of the vectors of the electromotive force of self-induction of the inductance coil on the NES in accordance with their charges and location should not be equal to zero. This is determined structurally by the mutual arrangement of the NES and the inductor, as well as the synchronism of changes in electrostatic charges at the NES in accordance with the direction of flow and change of current in the winding. Synchronicity is due to the connection of the above elements into an oscillatory circuit.

The proposed ECT is illustrated by the drawings shown in FIGS. L - 12. FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show a general view and arrangement of a coaxial ECT (FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1), FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show general view and arrangement of misaligned ECT (Fig. 4 is a top view in Fig. 3), Figures 5-8 show the directions of action of the forces of the emf self-induction on charged NESZ at various phases of coaxial ECT operation; Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 show possible electric circuits of the ECT; Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 show an example of determining the direction of traction force (Fig. 12 is a top view of Fig. 1 1).

The coaxial ECT (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) consists of a closed symmetrical (toroidal) core 1 on which a conductive winding 2 is wound. Inside the torus and on its outer side in the same plane lying on the circular axis of symmetry, there are NES3 3 so that they form one or more (four equal) sectors. For the constructive mechanical connection of the NESZ with the winding, as well as for their electrical insulation, a dielectric 4 is used. Electrically the NESZ and the winding form an oscillatory circuit (Fig. 9) of the type “inductance coil”), where the role of the capacitor is NESZ 1, and in the role of the inductor - winding ECT 2.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) T / RU2006 / 000423

The work of coaxial ECT is as follows.

Initially, energy in the oscillatory circuit can accumulate both on electrostatic charge carriers and in the transformer winding.

Suppose that in the initial phase (Fig. 5), all the internal energy of the oscillatory circuit is concentrated in the ECT winding, and this energy begins to flow in the form of electric charges to the NESZ. As a result, we get charging NESZ, as well as an alternating electric field around the winding of the ECT E _e.c.c. caused by the phenomenon of self-induction of the winding and acting on charging NESZ. It can be seen that the action vectors of the forces of the emf self-inductions on charging NESZ F are directed in one direction, and in the absence of any external forces, the inertia force will be the only force compensating them, therefore, the ECT will move.

After the complete flow of energy from the ECT winding to the NESZ, the second phase begins. During it, the current begins to flow in the direction opposite to that in the first phase, but as a result of the phenomenon of self-induction, the direction of the electric field caused by the self-induction of the winding E _{e c.} , around the winding ECT will not change, and therefore, this phase in the direction of the force vectors F is identical to the previous one (Fig. 5).

After the charges at all NESZ equalize, that is, become equal to zero, the third phase (Fig.6) of the operation of the ECT. This phase is similar to the first, except for the direction of current flow through the ECT winding.

The fourth phase of operation is similar to the second phase with the exception of the direction of current flow (Fig.6).

From figure 5 and figure 6 shows that the direction of action of the sum

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Coulomb forces ΣF, and hence the movement of the ECT, is determined only by design parameters: the direction of winding winding and the order of its connection to the NESZ. The direction of action of the force ΣF (Fig. 11 and Fig. 12) can be determined as follows: the Coulomb force will act, and therefore there will be a movement, in the direction opposite, to the incomplete coil of the winding formed when it is connected to the NESZ.

The ECT forms an oscillating circuit of the type “capacitor - inductance coil”, where energy is converted during operation:

• into the kinetic energy of the movement of the ECT;

• into the energy of electromagnetic radiation;

• to heat losses in the winding (the exception is an ECT manufactured using a superconductor) and the core (if any).

As a result of energy loss, we obtain an ECT with damped harmonic oscillations.

Determine the traction force of the ECT. To simplify the calculations, we will not take into account energy losses.

When ECT is operating, the electrostatic charges located at the NESZ are affected by the self-induction force arising in the transformer winding:

Fk ⁼ E _e . d.s * Qnesz J (1) where Fi _c is the Coulomb force, H;

Eee _. d _. _a. - electromotive force of self-induction, piercing a charged NESZ, V;

Qnesz- charge located at the NESZ, Cl.

The equation of harmonic oscillations arising in the oscillatory circuit of the type “encoder - inductor)),

5

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) where in the role of a capacitor are carriers of electrostatic charges, and in the role of an inductor - a winding of an electrokinetic transformer, has the form:

Q (t) = A * cos (w ₀ * t + α), (2) where Q (t) is the sum of charges of the same polarity at the NESZ (i.e., either positive or negative), C;

A is the amplitude of the change in charges at the NESZ of the same polarity that occurs during harmonic oscillations, C;

Wo is the resonant frequency of oscillations of a given oscillatory circuit, Hz; t is the time, C; α is the initial phase displacement of the oscillations, radian. Find the quantities A, w ₀ , OS.

Suppose that initially the energy of the ECT was accumulated only at the NESZ, whereas since the energy of the NESZ is the energy of the capacitor, then

W _c = 2xc, (3) where W _c is the energy accumulated at the NESZ, J; Q is the charge at the NESZ, C; C is the capacity of the NESZ, F. It follows from this that

A = Q _max = V2W C, (4) where Q _max is the maximum charge on the NESZ arising from harmonic oscillations, Cl.

And since in this case W _c is the whole energy of the ECT, then W _c = W " _s ECT therefore

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

where W _e i _cg is the total total electromagnetic energy circulating in the ECT.

We find α: in the initial phase of the oscillations t = 0, therefore

the result of solving this equation is α = 0.

And since we rewrite the equation in the final

form:

Q (t) = Q _max = -J 2 * Wact * C * cos - (7)

since the voltage across the inductance U _L at any time is equal in magnitude and opposite in sign to the electromotive force of self-induction, then

Ee _. d.c = -U _L = -L * dl

(8) dt

The current in circuit I is equal to the rate of change of charge at the NESZ: γ ₌ dq_

(9) dt 'substituting the current in the expression for the electromotive force of self-induction in the inductor and designating the charge on the NES in time through q ", we obtain:

EEDsLV, (10) we find q It.

, (H)

in this way

Wect Wect.c. = -L * - 12 * cos- = J2 * COS (12)

C / Z * C C VL * C

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) Assuming, to simplify the calculations, that the NESZs are located in one plane lying on the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the ECT winding and substituting expressions (7) and (12) in formula (1), we obtain:

In the case where the initial energy is stored in the coil

inductance, the phase displacement will be α = - π, in this case

formula (13) takes the form:

After making the necessary calculations, it is easy to verify that the effective value of the force will be numerically equal to the energy circulating in the ECT, that is:

where Fcde _ys t _c) is the effective value of the ECT traction force, H.

Based on these formulas (13) and (14), we see that the force acting on the NES from the self-induction side of the coil during harmonic oscillations is always directed in one direction, which confirms the principle of ECT operation.

The Coulomb force vector (Fig. 11 and Fig. 12) will be directed perpendicular to the axis of symmetry of the winding, along the bisector of the angle formed by the location of the NEZ, in the direction opposite to the location of the incomplete coil of the winding formed by connecting it to the NEZ.

This design of the ECT provides movement along the perpendicular axis of symmetry of the ECT (Fig. 5 and Fig. 6), its rotation in place (Fig. 7 and Fig. 8), as well as its rotation in motion when

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26) NESZ are charged asymmetrically relative to the perpendicular axis of symmetry of the ECT.

The non-aligned ECT (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4) consists of a core frame 1, on which a conductive winding 2 is wound. On both sides of the winding in the plane of the axis of symmetry of the core opposite are each other NES 3. For constructive connection of the NES with the ECT winding, as well as for their electrical insulation, dielectric 4 is applied.

The principle of operation of a misaligned POS is similar to the principle of operation of a coaxial POS.

This design of the ECT provides movement perpendicular to the plane of the axis of the core in which the NESPs are located, as well as rotations in place and in motion similarly to coaxial ECT, except for any turns, if the NESZ 3 is rotated around the axis of the core frame 1.

To excite and maintain electrical oscillations in the ECT at the required level, it is possible to supply power from an external energy source (Fig. 10) through an inductive coupling between the supply winding 1 and the ECT winding 2, at a supply current frequency close to or equal to the resonant frequency of the ECT.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

CLAIM

1. An electrokinetic transformer consists of an electrically conductive winding and carriers of electrostatic charges located near it, all elements are structurally interconnected, and when the transformer is in operation, they are also interconnected by means of a common electromagnetic flux, they are interconnected so that they form an electrical oscillatory circuit of the “conductor” type - Inductance coil ”, where electrostatic charge carriers act as a capacitor, and an electrically conductive winding acts as an inductor.

2. The electrokinetic transformer according to claim 1, characterized in that the electric energy is supplied from an external source through an inductive coupling between the supply winding and the winding of the electrokinetic transformer, at a frequency of the supply current close to or equal to the resonant frequency of the electrokinetic transformer.

Yu

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)