WO2007027093A1 - Procede de production d'un moulage renforce - Google Patents

Procede de production d'un moulage renforce Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2007027093A1
WO2007027093A1 PCT/NL2006/050213 NL2006050213W WO2007027093A1 WO 2007027093 A1 WO2007027093 A1 WO 2007027093A1 NL 2006050213 W NL2006050213 W NL 2006050213W WO 2007027093 A1 WO2007027093 A1 WO 2007027093A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
molding
reinforcing part
temperature
impedance
mold
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NL2006/050213
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Geerardus Hubertus Joannes Jozeph Roebroeks
Original Assignee
Alcoa Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alcoa Inc. filed Critical Alcoa Inc.
Publication of WO2007027093A1 publication Critical patent/WO2007027093A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/483—Reactive adhesives, e.g. chemically curing adhesives
    • B29C65/4835—Heat curing adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/474—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially non-flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/001—Producing wall or panel-like structures, e.g. for hulls, fuselages, or buildings
    • B29D99/0014—Producing wall or panel-like structures, e.g. for hulls, fuselages, or buildings provided with ridges or ribs, e.g. joined ribs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1412—Infrared [IR] radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0086—Fatigue strength

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a reinforced molding.
  • the invention also relates to a device for producing the reinforced molding.
  • Moldings made of metal for instance are frequently used in the transportation industry, for example in cars, trains and aircraft. In sectors in which weight savings play a predominant role, for example in the aviation and space industry, such moldings are generally produced out of relatively light metals, such as aluminum or titanium alloys. Fiber-reinforced plastics are also increasingly used due to their high specific mechanical properties (properties divided by density). Moldings for the aviation and space industry, such as wings, fuselage and tail panels, shell panels, stiffeners, etcetera, must be resistant to any damage that may occur, in view of the high risks involved in flying. Such resistance to damage is also referred to in the art as "damage tolerance”. Damage tolerance is also understood to mean resistance to the further growth of cracks that have appeared in the molding.
  • a known method for producing such a reinforced molding for example (part of) an aircraft wing made of aluminum, comprises affixing at least one reinforcing part, for example a strip made of a relatively strong material that is at least less sensitive to fatigue, to the molding and fastening it using an appropriate adhesive. If fatigue cracks develop in the molding when subjected to the alternating load and they continue to grow under the reinforcing parts, said reinforcing parts will generally remain intact in practice and span the cracks in the molding, thus ensuring at least a deceleration in average crack growth when subjected to alternating load.
  • at least one reinforcing part for example a strip made of a relatively strong material that is at least less sensitive to fatigue
  • the object of this invention is to provide an improved method for producing a reinforced molding, with the molding having good mechanical properties and in particular demonstrating improved damage tolerance.
  • the method according to the invention is thereto characterized as referred to in claim 1. More particularly, the method according to the invention comprises accommodating the molding in a mold, such that the expansion thereof when subjected to a change in temperature is at least partially impeded, affixing at least one reinforcing part to the molding at a first temperature, such that the expansion thereof when subjected to a change in temperature can take place at least substantially without hindrance, heating an assembly of the molding and at least one reinforcing part to a second higher temperature, connecting at least one reinforcing part and the molding to each other at the second temperature using appropriate connecting means, and finally removing the reinforced molding formed in this way from the mold.
  • a compressive stress is formed by at least partially impeding the molding from expanding when the temperature changes from the first to the second temperature, said compressive stress at least partially remaining, even after connecting the molding and reinforcing part to each other at the second temperature and cooling the connected assembly.
  • This compressive stress probably helps to ensure that a molding produced using the method according to the invention in practice demonstrates a lower crack growth velocity under alternating load than the molding obtained using the known method.
  • a crack can thus for example demonstrate the tendency to reproduce in a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the direction in which the largest positive principal stress is located. Knowledge of the stress field in the molding under normal operating conditions can therefore be important in order to determine the positions in the molding that have the greatest risk of cracks forming and further growing.
  • the method according to the invention is furthermore advantageous in that it makes it possible to favorably affect the stress field in the molding if required only at specific positions (locally), by affixing reinforcing parts at these positions using the method according to the invention.
  • a molding for example made of aluminum can expand without hindrance when subjected to a change in temperature that constitutes an increase in temperature for most materials.
  • the molding is subjected to a change in temperature, such that the expansion of the molding is at least partially impeded.
  • a possible means of impeding the expansion at least partially is to apply a mold that is provided with at least two retaining plates in the direction in which expansion is to be impeded, between which the molding can be accommodated so that it is almost fitting or tightly fitting.
  • the molding is relatively flat and expansion thereof is impeded in at least one direction of impedance in the plane of the molding.
  • the geometric form of the at least one reinforcing part can be selected from a wide range. For instance, it is possible to apply three-, two- and/or one-dimensionally formed reinforcing parts, if required with relatively small dimensions with respect to the molding, so that local reinforcement can take place.
  • at least one relatively elongated reinforcing part can be applied, the longitudinal axis of which substantially travels in the intended direction of impedance.
  • Such a reinforcing part is relatively simple to affix.
  • the reinforcing parts applied in the method according to the invention can be attached to the molding in any appropriate fashion.
  • Appropriate connecting means comprise for example bolt and/or mortise connections, and/or other mechanical connections. These may be affixed at specific points such as along the side edges of the reinforcing part, or be uniformly spread over the surface of the reinforcing part.
  • the connection is preferably achieved by applying a layer of adhesive between molding and reinforcing part, if required discontinuously but preferably over almost the entire interface between reinforcing part and molding.
  • the adhesive layer preferably comprises a thermosetting adhesive that can cure at the second temperature.
  • Such adhesives can ensure an almost permanent connection that is furthermore relatively insensitive to time-dependent effects such as creep and stress relaxation.
  • Appropriate techniques for applying the adhesive layer on the reinforcing part and/or molding comprise lamination, spraying, dipping, coating with a roller, coil coating, immersion, etcetera. It is also possible to apply the adhesive layer in advance onto (sections of) the reinforcing part.
  • reinforcing part and/or molding are pretreated at the indicated points to protect for example against corrosion, as well as to improve adherence.
  • pretreatments include degreasing, chromating, anodizing, roughening, applying a conversion coating and/or primer.
  • first and second temperature it is understood to mean an average temperature.
  • first temperature when reference is made for instance to the affixing of the reinforcing part at a first temperature, this means that the assembly of molding, reinforcing part and connecting means has on average assumed the first temperature, subject to local variations. The same applies with respect to the step in the method in which the connection between molding and reinforcing part is achieved and the assembly is at the second temperature.
  • the level of the first temperature can be selected according to the circumstances, but it will preferably lie in the region of room temperature.
  • the level of the second temperature can easily be selected by a person skilled in the art and is for example dependent on the type of connecting means applied.
  • An appropriate method for heating the structure to the first and/or second temperature is to immerse the entire structure in a heatable pressure vessel or autoclave and to heat it using a heated gas, generally air. Once the structure is heated to the second temperature, the components of the structure can be fastened to each other, if required under pressure. It is also possible to heat the structure up using radiant heat, for example infrared (IR), and to interconnect the structure subject to pressure between pressure plates that are also heated if required.
  • radiant heat for example infrared (IR)
  • the first and second temperatures are selected such that the difference between the second and first temperature is at least 80°C.
  • This difference will preferably be at least 110°C, and most preferably at least 140°C. Hence this forms a higher average residual compressive stress in the unloaded molding, which surprisingly leads to an above-average increase in damage tolerance under alternating load.
  • a metal can be used for the mold, reinforcing part and molding, such as aluminum or (lightweight) alloys thereof, stainless steel, cold-deformed steel, electroplated steel, magnesium, lithium, titanium, copper and/or alloys thereof.
  • a lightweight metal such as aluminum or titanium alloys.
  • Fiber- reinforced plastics can also be used due to their high specific mechanical properties
  • the mold material comprises an iron alloy or steel.
  • the materials for mold and reinforcing part are selected such that the thermal expansion coefficient of the mold material is lower than the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the reinforcing part.
  • the mold can for example be provided with means of impedance in the form of retainer plates forming an integral part of the mold or attached thereto.
  • the retainer plates - and means of impedance in general - to the mold in such a way that they can be detached.
  • This can for example be achieved by inserting holes in the mold and means of impedance, for example in the form of a plate.
  • the impedance plates can then be affixed to the mold in the required position by means of dowel pins that are fitted through the holes.
  • the means of impedance can be secured in the required position on the mold by applying a vacuum pressure.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the at least one reinforcing part differs from the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the molding.
  • the level of the compressive stress formed in the molding can easily be set.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the at least one reinforcing part is lower than the thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the molding.
  • the ratio of the modulus of rigidity of the material of the at least one reinforcing part to the modulus of rigidity of the material of the molding is at least 85%, and more preferably at least 100%, and most preferably at least 130%.
  • the modulus of rigidity (also referred to as the modulus of elasticity) of the materials is simple to set by a person skilled in the art by making an appropriate choice of material.
  • the material of the reinforcing part comprises a fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • Such materials are light and strong.
  • Reinforcing fibers that are appropriate for use include for example glass fibers, carbon fibers, metal fibers, drawn thermoplastic polymer fibers, such as aramid fibers, PBO fibers (Zylon®), M5® fibers, and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene or polypropylene fibers, as well as natural fibers such as flax, wood and hemp fibers, and/or combinations of the above fibers. It is also possible to use commingled and/or intermingled rovings. Such rovings comprise a reinforcing fiber and a thermoplastic polymer in fiber form.
  • thermoplastic polymers such as polyamides, polyimides, polyethersulphones, polyetheretherketone, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyphenylene sulphides (PPS), polyamide-imides, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), styrene/maleic anhydride (SMA), polycarbonate, polyphenylene oxide blend (PPO), thermoplastic polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, as well as blends and copolymers of one or more of the above polymers, and thermosetting polymers such as epoxies, unsaturated polyester resins, melamine/formaldehyde resins, phenol/formaldehyde resins, polyurethane, etcetera.
  • thermoplastic polymers such as polyamides, polyimides, polyethersulphones, polyetheretherketone, polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyphenylene
  • the fiber-reinforced plastic substantially comprises continuous fibers that extend in two almost orthogonal directions (isotropic woven fabric).
  • the fiber-reinforced plastic substantially comprises continuous fibers that mainly extend in one direction (UD tissue). It is advantageous to use the fiber-reinforced plastic in the form of a pre- impregnated semi- finished product. Such a "prepreg" can easily be processed and is also advantageous in that the required fiber direction can be set.
  • a fiber-reinforced plastic in the method that substantially comprises continuous fibers mainly extending in one direction.
  • the fibers are then preferentially oriented at least partially in the direction of impedance.
  • the continuous fibers preferably extend mainly in a direction in which an angle of a maximum of 15 degrees is made with the direction of impedance. More preferably, this angle is at most 10 degrees. Most preferably, the continuous fibers extend substantially parallel to the direction of impedance.
  • Another particularly appropriate material for the reinforcing part comprises a laminate of at least two metal layers and an intermediate fiber-reinforced plastic layer.
  • a material is known to the person skilled in the art under the trade name Arall® (with polyaramid fibers) or Glare® (with glass fibers).
  • Arall® with polyaramid fibers
  • Glare® with glass fibers
  • This material is preferably used in a prestressed form, whereby the fibers of the intermediary fiber-reinforced plastic layer are on average subjected to a tensile stress and the metal layers to a compressive stress.
  • a reinforcing part in the form of an aluminum profile is for example connected to an aluminum molding by means of a number of reinforcing parts in the form of strips of Glare® material.
  • Fibrous metal laminates containing other fibers, such as Zylon®, M5® and/or carbon can also be used according to the invention. It is also possible to use reinforcing elements, such as stiffeners and strips, made of fibrous metal laminate, to reinforce moldings made of fibrous metal laminate.
  • Figure I schematically shows a top view of the mold and starting materials, as applied in an embodiment of the method according to the invention
  • Figure Ib schematically shows a side view of the mold and starting materials for the embodiment referred to in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 2 schematically shows a product in perspective that is achieved using a different embodiment of the method according to the invention
  • Figure 3a schematically shows a cross-section of a product that is achieved using the method according to the invention
  • Figure 3b schematically shows another cross-section of a product that is achieved using the method according to the invention.
  • Example 1
  • a reinforced molding 1 is produced by providing a mold 2 in which the molding 1 can be accommodated or otherwise supported.
  • the mold 1 is provided with means of impedance 3 for at least partially impeding the expansion of the molding 1 when subjected to a change in temperature.
  • the means of impedance 3 are formed by steel plates 3 with support edge 3a attached to the mold 1 via bolts 4.
  • An aluminum molding that is 1000 mm long, 300 mm wide and 2 mm deep is accommodated between steel plates 3, such that each side edge Ia lies as closely as possible (tightly fitting) against support edge 3a.
  • the assembly of mold 2, molding 1 and reinforcing parts 5 was then placed in an autoclave. Subject to a pressure of 6 bar, the assembly was heated to and maintained at a second temperature of 120 0 C for approximately 1 hour to cure the adhesive layer 6 between reinforcing parts 5 and molding 1. The assembly was then cooled until almost room temperature and then removed from the mold.
  • the average compressive stress created in the molding 1 was determined by measuring the curvature radius of the reinforced molding, and amounted to approximately 6.7 MPa.
  • the average compressive stresses formed in the molding 1 by means of the method according to the invention lead to a reduction of at least approx. 50% in crack growth velocity measured under alternating load.
  • appropriate test methods for determining the crack growth velocity reference is made among others to the standard publication known to the person skilled in the art: Military Handbook 5.
  • the moldings obtained using the method according to the invention can be used in industrial applications as lightweight structural elements, for example in civil engineering structures, buildings, vehicles and ships, and are preferably used in applications in which the operating temperatures are generally lower than room temperature, for example in the aviation and space industry.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'un moulage renforcé. Selon ce procédé, ledit moulage est logé dans un moule, de telle manière que la dilatation associée lors d'une exposition à un changement de température est au moins partiellement entravée. Au moins une pièce de renforcement est fixée sur le moulage à une première température, de telle façon que la dilatation associée lors d'une exposition à un changement de température n'est pas entravée. Puis, l'ensemble de moulage et au moins une pièce de renforcement sont chauffés à une seconde température plus élevée, à laquelle au moins une pièce de renforcement et le moulage sont rattachés l'un à l'autre, à l'aide d'un dispositif approprié de fixation. Cette invention a, également, pour objet un dispositif d'implémentation dudit procédé et un produit semi-fini en forme de plaque qui peut être obtenu par le biais de ce procédé.
PCT/NL2006/050213 2005-09-01 2006-09-01 Procede de production d'un moulage renforce WO2007027093A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1029854 2005-09-01
NL1029854A NL1029854C2 (nl) 2005-09-01 2005-09-01 Werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een versterkt vormdeel.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2007027093A1 true WO2007027093A1 (fr) 2007-03-08

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PCT/NL2006/050213 WO2007027093A1 (fr) 2005-09-01 2006-09-01 Procede de production d'un moulage renforce

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Country Link
NL (1) NL1029854C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007027093A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7955713B2 (en) 2006-06-13 2011-06-07 Alcoa Inc. Laminate of metal sheets and polymer

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5950123A (ja) * 1982-09-17 1984-03-23 Nippon Steel Corp 耐破端特性の優れた軌条の製造法
DE4118814A1 (de) * 1990-06-08 1991-12-19 Hitachi Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verkleben von mehrlagenplatten
US20050003145A1 (en) * 2000-12-22 2005-01-06 Yasuhiro Toi Composite material-stiffened panel and manufacturing method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5950123A (ja) * 1982-09-17 1984-03-23 Nippon Steel Corp 耐破端特性の優れた軌条の製造法
DE4118814A1 (de) * 1990-06-08 1991-12-19 Hitachi Ltd Verfahren und vorrichtung zum verkleben von mehrlagenplatten
US20050003145A1 (en) * 2000-12-22 2005-01-06 Yasuhiro Toi Composite material-stiffened panel and manufacturing method thereof

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 008, no. 138 (C - 231) 27 June 1984 (1984-06-27) *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7955713B2 (en) 2006-06-13 2011-06-07 Alcoa Inc. Laminate of metal sheets and polymer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL1029854C2 (nl) 2007-03-05

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